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Machikhin A, Guryleva A, Chakraborty A, Khokhlov D, Selyukov A, Shuman L, Bukova V, Efremova E, Rudenko E, Burlakov A. Microscopic photoplethysmography-based evaluation of cardiotoxicity in whitefish larvae induced by acute exposure to cadmium and phenol. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024:e202400111. [PMID: 39031962 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Toxic environmental pollutants pose a health risk for both humans and animals. Accumulation of industrial contaminants in freshwater fish may become a significant threat to biodiversity. Comprehensive monitoring of the impact of environmental stressors on fish functional systems is important and use of non-invasive tools that can detect the presence of these toxicants in vivo is desirable. The blood circulatory system, by virtue of its sensitivity to the external stimuli, could be an informative indicator of chemical exposure. In this study, microscopic photoplethysmography-based approach was used to investigate the cardiac activity in broad whitefish larvae (Coregonus nasus) under acute exposure to cadmium and phenol. We identified contamination-induced abnormalities in the rhythms of the ventricle and atrium. Our results allow introducing additional endpoints to evaluate the cardiac dysfunction in fish larvae and contribute to the non-invasive evaluation of the toxic effects of industrial pollutants on bioaccumulation and aquatic life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Machikhin
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Guryleva
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Demid Khokhlov
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Leonid Shuman
- Tyumen State University, Laboratory AquaBioSafe, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Valeriya Bukova
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Alexander Burlakov
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Ichthyology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Deng Y, Hu T, Chen J, Zeng J, Yang J, Ke Q, Miao L, Chen Y, Li R, Zhang R, Xu P. Non-invasive methods for heart rate measurement in fish based on photoplethysmography. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246464. [PMID: 38284767 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Heart rate is a crucial physiological indicator for fish, but current measurement methods are often invasive or require delicate manipulation. In this study, we introduced two non-invasive and easy-to-operate methods based on photoplethysmography, namely reflectance-type photoplethysmography (PPG) and remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), which we applied to the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). PPG showed perfect synchronization with electrocardiogram (ECG), with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.99999. For rPPG, the results showed good agreement with ECG. Under active provision of green light, the Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.966, surpassing the value of 0.947 under natural light. Additionally, the root mean square error was 0.810, which was lower than the value of 1.30 under natural light, indicating not only that the rPPG method had relatively high accuracy but also that green light may have the potential to further improve its accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Model Microelectronics College), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jia Chen
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Model Microelectronics College), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Junjia Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jinqian Yang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Model Microelectronics College), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qiaozhen Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lingwei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Model Microelectronics College), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Optical transparency and label-free vessel imaging of zebrafish larvae in shortwave infrared range as a tool for prolonged studying of cardiovascular system development. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20884. [PMID: 36463350 PMCID: PMC9719527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical techniques are utilized for the non-invasive analysis of the zebrafish cardiovascular system at early developmental stages. Being based mainly on conventional optical microscopy components and image sensors, the wavelength range of the collected and analyzed light is not out of the scope of 400-900 nm. In this paper, we compared the non-invasive optical approaches utilizing visible and near infrared range (VISNIR) 400-1000 and the shortwave infrared range (SWIR) 900-1700 nm. The transmittance spectra of zebrafish tissues were measured in these wavelength ranges, then vessel maps, heart rates, and blood flow velocities were calculated from data in VISNIR and SWIR. An increased pigment pattern transparency was registered in SWIR, while the heart and vessel detection quality in this range is not inferior to VISNIR. Obtained results indicate an increased efficiency of SWIR imaging for monitoring heart function and hemodynamic analysis of zebrafish embryos and larvae and suggest a prolonged registration period in this range compared to other optical techniques that are limited by pigment pattern development.
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Krylov V, Machikhin A, Sizov D, Guryleva A, Sizova A, Zhdanova S, Tchougounov V, Burlakov A. Influence of hypomagnetic field on the heartbeat in zebrafish embryos. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1040083. [PMID: 36338501 PMCID: PMC9634549 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The magnetic environment may influence the functioning of the cardiovascular system. It was reported that low-frequency and static magnetic fields affect hemodynamics, heart rate, and heart rate variability in animals and humans. Moreover, recent data suggest that magnetic fields affect the circadian rhythms of physiological processes. The influence of the magnetic environment on heart functionating during early development has been studied insufficiently. We utilized transparent zebrafish embryos to evaluate the effect of the hypomagnetic field on the characteristics of cardiac function using a noninvasive optical approach based on photoplethysmographic microscopic imaging. The embryos were exposed to the geomagnetic and hypomagnetic fields from the second to the 116th hour post fertilization under a 16 h light/8 h dark cycle or constant illumination. The exposure of embryos to the hypomagnetic field in both lighting modes led to increased embryo mortality, the appearance of abnormal phenotypes, and a significant increase in the embryo’s heartbeat rate. The difference between maximal and minimal heartbeat intervals, maximal to minimal heartbeat intervals ratio, and the coefficient of variation of heartbeat rate were increased in the embryos exposed to the hypomagnetic field under constant illumination from 96 to 116 h post fertilization. The dynamics of heartbeat rate changes followed a circadian pattern in all studied groups except zebrafish exposed to the hypomagnetic field under constant illumination. The results demonstrate the importance of natural magnetic background for the early development of zebrafish. The possible mechanisms of observed effects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viacheslav Krylov
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
- *Correspondence: Viacheslav Krylov,
| | - Alexander Machikhin
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil Sizov
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
| | - Anastasia Guryleva
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Sizova
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
| | - Svetlana Zhdanova
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tchougounov
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
| | - Alexander Burlakov
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Vinoth S, Selvaraj V, Venkatasubramanian H, Santhakumar K. A Simple Blood Vessel Imaging Protocol for Live Zebrafish Larva. Zebrafish 2022; 19:177-180. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Vinoth
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Velanganni Selvaraj
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Hemagowri Venkatasubramanian
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Kirankumar Santhakumar
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
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Machikhin A, Huang CC, Khokhlov D, Galanova V, Burlakov A. Single-shot Mueller-matrix imaging of zebrafish tissues: In vivo analysis of developmental and pathological features. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202200088. [PMID: 35582886 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish is a well-established animal model for developmental and disease studies. Its optical transparency at early developmental stages allows in vivo tissues visualization. Interaction of polarized light with these tissues provides information on their structure and properties. This approach is effective for muscle tissue analysis due to its birefringence. To enable real-time Mueller-matrix characterization of unanesthetized fish, we assembled a microscope for single-shot Mueller-matrix imaging. First, we performed a continuous observation of 48 species within the period of 2 to 96 hpf and measured temporal dependencies of the polarization features in different tissues. These measurements show that hatching was accompanied by a sharp change in the angle and degree of linearly polarized light after interaction with muscles. Second, we analyzed nine species with skeletal disorders and demonstrated that the spatial distribution of light depolarization features clearly indicated them. Obtained results demonstrated that real-time Mueller-matrix imaging is a powerful tool for label-free monitoring zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Machikhin
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Chih-Chung Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Demid Khokhlov
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria Galanova
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Laser and Opto-Electronic Systems, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Burlakov
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Ichthyology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Machikhin A, Guryleva A, Selyukov A, Burlakov A, Bukova V, Khokhlov D, Efremova E, Rudenko E. Spatio-temporal segmentation of image sequences for non-invasive analysis of cardiovascular structure and function in Whitefish embryos. Micron 2022; 163:103360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2022.103360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Fan Q, Zhang H, Qu J, Xie L, Huang W, Zhu Y, Bi K, Lu W. Posture adjustment and robust microinjection of zebrafish larval heart. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:014101. [PMID: 35104951 DOI: 10.1063/5.0064563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Unlike cells or embryos, zebrafish have a complex physiological structure, which poses challenges to posture recognition and adjustment during microinjection. Furthermore, zebrafish surface pigments exhibit strong interference with visual servo-based injection control, thus, affecting the success of microinjection and the subsequent survival rate. To address these challenges, we developed an automated microinjection system for the zebrafish heart that has advantages of high accuracy and success rate and avoids biological sample contamination. A convolutional neural networks (CNN) deep learning model is employed to determine the body axis posture. To solve the problems of blocked needle and abnormal tip positioning induced by zebrafish surface pigment during the injection process, an adaptive robust Kalman filter is proposed to suppress the abnormal values of visual feedback. Experimental results show that the success rate of body axis recognition based on the employed deep learning model exceeds 95%, and the proposed adaptive Kalman filter effectively suppresses the visual outliers, satisfying the requirements of high-precision injection for the zebrafish heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qigao Fan
- College of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- State Grid Taizhou Power Supply Company, Taizhou 225309, China
| | - Juntian Qu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Linbo Xie
- College of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Wentao Huang
- College of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Yixin Zhu
- College of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Kaitao Bi
- College of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Wenzhou Lu
- College of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
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Machikhin AS, Volkov MV, Burlakov AB, Khokhlov DD, Potemkin AV. Blood Vessel Imaging at Pre-Larval Stages of Zebrafish Embryonic Development. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110886. [PMID: 33143148 PMCID: PMC7692510 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an increasingly popular animal model biological system. In cardiovascular research, it has been used to model specific cardiac phenomena as well as to identify novel therapies for human cardiovascular disease. While the zebrafish cardiovascular system functioning is well examined at larval stages, the mechanisms by which vessel activity is initiated remain a subject of intense investigation. In this research, we report on an in vivo stain-free blood vessel imaging technique at pre-larval stages of zebrafish embryonic development. We have developed the algorithm for the enhancement, alignment and spatiotemporal analysis of bright-field microscopy images of zebrafish embryos. It enables the detection, mapping and quantitative characterization of cardiac activity across the whole specimen. To validate the proposed approach, we have analyzed multiple data cubes, calculated vessel images and evaluated blood flow velocity and heart rate dynamics in the absence of any anesthesia. This non-invasive technique may shed light on the mechanism of vessel activity initiation and stabilization as well as the cardiovascular system’s susceptibility to environmental stressors at early developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Machikhin
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117342 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Mikhail V. Volkov
- Department of Applied Optics, University ITMO, 190000 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Alexander B. Burlakov
- Department of Ichthyology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Demid D. Khokhlov
- Laboratory of Acousto-optical Spectroscopy, Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117342 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrey V. Potemkin
- Department of Applied Optics, University ITMO, 190000 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.V.V.); (A.V.P.)
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