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Wilczyński J, Paradowska E, Wilczyński M. High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer-A Risk Factor Puzzle and Screening Fugitive. Biomedicines 2024; 12:229. [PMID: 38275400 PMCID: PMC10813374 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal tumor of the female genital tract. Despite extensive studies and the identification of some precursor lesions like serous tubal intraepithelial cancer (STIC) or the deviated mutational status of the patients (BRCA germinal mutation), the pathophysiology of HGSOC and the existence of particular risk factors is still a puzzle. Moreover, a lack of screening programs results in delayed diagnosis, which is accompanied by a secondary chemo-resistance of the tumor and usually results in a high recurrence rate after the primary therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify the substantial risk factors for both predisposed and low-risk populations of women, as well as to create an economically and clinically justified screening program. This paper reviews the classic and novel risk factors for HGSOC and methods of diagnosis and prediction, including serum biomarkers, the liquid biopsy of circulating tumor cells or circulating tumor DNA, epigenetic markers, exosomes, and genomic and proteomic biomarkers. The novel future complex approach to ovarian cancer diagnosis should be devised based on these findings, and the general outcome of such an approach is proposed and discussed in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa Str., 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Miłosz Wilczyński
- Department of Surgical, Endoscopic and Gynecological Oncology, Polish Mother’s Health Center—Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska Str., 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
- Department of Surgical and Endoscopic Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland
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Veras ASC, Correia RR, Batista VRG, Tavares MEDA, Rubira RJG, Fiais GA, Giometti IC, Chaves-Neto AH, Teixeira GR. Aerobic physical exercise modifies the prostate tumoral environment. Life Sci 2023; 332:122097. [PMID: 37741323 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is recognized for its potential role in reducing the risk of certain cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this risk reduction are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesized that aerobic physical exercise induces cancer attenuating effects through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. To test this hypothesis, twenty male Sprague Dawley rats with chemically induced prostate tumors were divided into two groups: Prostate cancer (PC) in the absence and presence of exercise (PC + Ex). Rats in the PC + Ex group performed exercises on a treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, at an intensity of 60 % of maximum capacity. Weight and feed efficiency, Ki-67, apoptosis, prostatic inflammation, and markers of oxidative stress were analyzed. We found that aerobic physical exercise significantly decreased prostate cell proliferation (p < 0.05) across modulation, tumor size, and prostate weight. The PC + Ex group also significantly reduced anti-apoptosis protein expression (p < 0.05) and increased pro-apoptotic protein expression. Furthermore, physical exercise increased enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the prostate, plasma, and whole blood. Moreover, PC + Ex reduced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels (p < 0.05). In the prostate, there was an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), and a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB) after 8 weeks of physical exercise. In conclusion, we found that aerobic physical exercise is a functional, beneficial, and applicable approach to control PC progression, because it modifies the systemic environment, including the regulation of glucose and circulating lipids. This modification of the cancer cells environment has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that attenuate tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allice Santos Cruz Veras
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ribeiro Correia
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Rogério Garcia Batista
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Almeida Tavares
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Jesus Gonçalves Rubira
- Department of Physics, School of Technology and Applied Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Alice Fiais
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Inês Cristina Giometti
- Postgraduate Animal Science Program, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Technology and Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
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Wang MH, Liu X, Wang Q, Zhang HW. Diagnosis accuracy of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7911-7922. [PMID: 36138121 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of Raman spectroscopy for the diagnosis of breast cancer, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase for articles published from the database establishment to May 20, 2022. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the receiver pooled operating characteristic curve were derived for the included studies as outcome measures. The methodological quality was assessed according to the questionnaires and criteria suggested by the Diagnostic Accuracy Research Quality Assessment-2 tool. Sixteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of Raman spectroscopy for breast cancer diagnosis were 0.97 (95% CI, [0.92-0.99]) and 0.96 (95% CI, [0.91-0.98]). The diagnostic odds ratio was 720.89 (95% CI, [135.73-3828.88]) and the area under the curve of summary receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.99 (95% CI, [0.98-1]). Subgroup analysis revealed that all subgroup types in our analysis, including different races, sample types, diagnostic algorithms, number of spectra, instrument types, and laser wavelengths, turned out to have a sensitivity and specificity greater than 0.9. Significant heterogeneity was found between studies. Deeks' funnel plot demonstrated that publication bias was acceptable. This meta-analysis suggests that Raman spectroscopy may be an effective and accurate tool to differentiate breast cancer from normal breast tissue, which will help us diagnose and treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Huan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jing 5 Rd, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jing 5 Rd, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jing 5 Rd, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Hua-Wei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jing 5 Rd, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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