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Dorozhkin SV. There Are over 60 Ways to Produce Biocompatible Calcium Orthophosphate (CaPO4) Deposits on Various Substrates. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2023; 7:273. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs7070273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
A The present overview describes various production techniques for biocompatible calcium orthophosphate (abbreviated as CaPO4) deposits (coatings, films and layers) on the surfaces of various types of substrates to impart the biocompatible properties for artificial bone grafts. Since, after being implanted, the grafts always interact with the surrounding biological tissues at the interfaces, their surface properties are considered critical to clinical success. Due to the limited number of materials that can be tolerated in vivo, a new specialty of surface engineering has been developed to desirably modify any unacceptable material surface characteristics while maintaining the useful bulk performance. In 1975, the development of this approach led to the emergence of a special class of artificial bone grafts, in which various mechanically stable (and thus suitable for load-bearing applications) implantable biomaterials and artificial devices were coated with CaPO4. Since then, more than 7500 papers have been published on this subject and more than 500 new publications are added annually. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of the available literature has been performed with the main goal of finding as many deposition techniques as possible and more than 60 methods (double that if all known modifications are counted) for producing CaPO4 deposits on various substrates have been systematically described. Thus, besides the introduction, general knowledge and terminology, this review consists of two unequal parts. The first (bigger) part is a comprehensive summary of the known CaPO4 deposition techniques both currently used and discontinued/underdeveloped ones with brief descriptions of their major physical and chemical principles coupled with the key process parameters (when possible) to inform readers of their existence and remind them of the unused ones. The second (smaller) part includes fleeting essays on the most important properties and current biomedical applications of the CaPO4 deposits with an indication of possible future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Dorozhkin
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Lan Y, Jin Q, Xie H, Yan C, Ye Y, Zhao X, Chen Z, Xie Z. Exosomes Enhance Adhesion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Initial Bone Marrow Stem Cells on Titanium Surfaces. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:583234. [PMID: 33224950 PMCID: PMC7674173 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.583234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful osseointegration involves the biological behavior of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) on an implant surface; however, the role of BMSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes in osseointegration is little known. This study aimed to: (i) explore the interaction force between exosomes (Exo) and cells on a titanium surface; (ii) discuss whether the morphology and biological behavior of BMSCs are affected by exosomes; and (iii) preliminarily investigate the mechanism by which exosomes regulate cells on Ti surface. Exosomes secreted by rat BMSCs were collected by ultracentrifugation and analyzed using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques, and alkaline phosphatase bioactivity, Alizarin Red staining, and quantification were used to investigate the exosomes that adhere to the Ti plates under different treatments as well as the morphological change, adhesion, spread, and differentiation of BMSCs. We found that exosomes were efficiently internalized and could regulate cell morphology and promoted the adhesion, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These were achieved partly by activating the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Our discovery presents a new insight into the positive regulatory effect of exosomes on the biological behaviors of BMSCs on Ti surface and provides a novel route to modify the surface of a Ti implant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Application of Solution Plasma Surface Modification Technology to the Formation of Thin Hydroxyapatite Film on Titanium Implants. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on titanium implants enhance rapid bone formation around the implant due to their osteoconductive property. The present study aimed to achieve a thin and uniform HA film coating on titanium implants by solution plasma treatment (SPT). Commercially pure titanium and porous titanium disks were employed. A pulse plasma generator was used on the disks for 30 min. Morphologic and crystallographic features of the deposited films were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). To evaluate the wettability of the disks, water droplet (20 µL) surfaces were measured using a contact angle analyzer. The initial attachment of osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3E1) on the titanium substrates before and after solution plasma treatment was evaluated by counting the number of attached cells after incubation for 4 h. After immersion in the mineralizing solution for up to seven days, no crystals were observed on the polished-Ti surface. A more uniform and dense precipitation of round and grown crystals with diameters of approximately 1–5 µm was observed on Ti-SPT. XRD clearly showed that the precipitated crystals on titanium disks were HA. The contact angle of the polished-Ti increased with time (θ = 37°–51°). The surface of the Ti-SPT remained hydrophilic (θ ˂ 5°) after up to 30 days of aging. The number of attached cells on the Ti-SPT after aging for 30 days remained above 85% of that on the Ti-SPT without aging. SPT in a mineralizing solution can be used to acquire a homogenous precipitation of HA on porous-surfaced titanium implants.
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Takagi T, Aoki A, Ichinose S, Taniguchi Y, Tachikawa N, Shinoki T, Meinzer W, Sculean A, Izumi Y. Effective removal of calcified deposits on microstructured titanium fixture surfaces of dental implants with erbium lasers. J Periodontol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Takagi
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Shizuko Ichinose
- Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoichi Taniguchi
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Noriko Tachikawa
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Oral Medicine; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Walter Meinzer
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU); Tokyo Japan
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Kuroda K, Okido M. Osteoconductivity Control Based on the Chemical Properties of the Implant Surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2018.91003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Calcium orthophosphate deposits: Preparation, properties and biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 55:272-326. [PMID: 26117762 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Since various interactions among cells, surrounding tissues and implanted biomaterials always occur at their interfaces, the surface properties of potential implants appear to be of paramount importance for the clinical success. In view of the fact that a limited amount of materials appear to be tolerated by living organisms, a special discipline called surface engineering was developed to initiate the desirable changes to the exterior properties of various materials but still maintaining their useful bulk performances. In 1975, this approach resulted in the introduction of a special class of artificial bone grafts, composed of various mechanically stable (consequently, suitable for load bearing applications) implantable biomaterials and/or bio-devices covered by calcium orthophosphates (CaPO4) to both improve biocompatibility and provide an adequate bonding to the adjacent bones. Over 5000 publications on this topic were published since then. Therefore, a thorough analysis of the available literature has been performed and about 50 (this number is doubled, if all possible modifications are counted) deposition techniques of CaPO4 have been revealed, systematized and described. These CaPO4 deposits (coatings, films and layers) used to improve the surface properties of various types of artificial implants are the topic of this review.
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Zykova A, Safonov V, Yanovska A, Sukhodub L, Rogovskaya R, Smolik J, Yakovin S. Formation of Solution-derived Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Titanium Alloy in the Presence of Magnetron-sputtered Alumina Bond Coats. Open Biomed Eng J 2015; 9:75-82. [PMID: 25893018 PMCID: PMC4391219 DOI: 10.2174/1874120701509010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (HAp) and calcium phosphate ceramic materials and coatings are widely used in medicine and dentistry because of their ability to enhance the tissue response to implant surfaces and promote bone ingrowth and osseoconduction processes. The deposition conditions have a great influence on the structure and biofunctionality of calcium phosphate coatings. Corrosion processes and poor adhesion to substrate material reduce the lifetime of implants with calcium phosphate coatings. The research has focused on the development of advanced methods to deposit double-layered ceramic oxide/calcium phosphate coatings by a hybrid technique of magnetron sputtering and thermal methods. The thermal method can promote the crystallization and the formation of HAp coatings on titanium alloy Ti6Al4V substrates at low temperature, based on the principle that the solubility of HAp in aqueous solutions decreases with increasing substrate temperature. By this method, hydroxyapatite directly coated the substrate without precipitation in the initial solution. Using a thermal substrate method, calcium phosphate coatings were prepared at substrate temperatures of 100-105 oC. The coated metallic implant surfaces with ceramic bond coats and calcium phosphate layers combine the excellent mechanical properties of metals with the chemical stability of ceramic materials. The corrosion test results show that the ceramic oxide (alumina) coatings and the double-layered alumina-calcium phosphate coatings improve the corrosion resistance compared with uncoated Ti6Al4V and single-layered Ti6Al4V/calcium phosphate substrates. In addition, the double-layered alumina/hydroxyapatite coatings demonstrate the best biocompatibility during in vitro tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zykova
- National Science Centre, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Safonov
- National Science Centre, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
| | - Anna Yanovska
- Institute of Applied Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sumy, Ukraine ; Sumy State University, Medical Institute, Ministry of Education and Science, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Leonid Sukhodub
- Sumy State University, Medical Institute, Ministry of Education and Science, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Renata Rogovskaya
- Institute for Sustainable Technologies, National Research Institute, Radom, Poland
| | - Jerzy Smolik
- Institute for Sustainable Technologies, National Research Institute, Radom, Poland
| | - Stas Yakovin
- Department of Physical Technologies, Kharkov National University, Kharkov, Ukraine
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Cho Y, Hong J, Ryoo H, Kim D, Park J, Han J. Osteogenic responses to zirconia with hydroxyapatite coating by aerosol deposition. J Dent Res 2015; 94:491-9. [PMID: 25586588 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514566432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we found that osteogenic responses to zirconia co-doped with niobium oxide (Nb2O5) or tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) are comparable with responses to titanium, which is widely used as a dental implant material. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro osteogenic potential of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated zirconia by an aerosol deposition method for improved osseointegration. Surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction proved that a thin as-deposited HA film on zirconia showed a shallow, regular, crater-like surface. Deposition of dense and uniform HA films was measured by SEM, and the contact angle test demonstrated improved wettability of the HA-coated surface. Confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast attachment did not differ notably between the titanium and zirconia surfaces; however, cells on the HA-coated zirconia exhibited a lower proliferation than those on the uncoated zirconia late in the culture. Nevertheless, ALP, alizarin red S staining, and bone marker gene expression analysis indicated good osteogenic responses on HA-coated zirconia. Our results suggest that HA-coating by aerosol deposition improves the quality of surface modification and is favorable to osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Cho
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Hong
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Park
- R&D Center, Nano Business, IONES Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - J Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Silver-doped hydroxyapatite coatings formed on Ti–6Al–4V substrates and their characterization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 36:215-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Yamamoto D, Arii K, Kuroda K, Ichino R, Okido M, Seki A. Osteoconductivity of Superhydrophilic Anodized TiO<sub>2</sub> Coatings on Ti Treated with Hydrothermal Processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2013.41007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Okada M, Furuzono T. Hydroxylapatite nanoparticles: fabrication methods and medical applications. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2012; 13:064103. [PMID: 27877527 PMCID: PMC5099760 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/13/6/064103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxylapatite (or hydroxyapatite, HAp) exhibits excellent biocompatibility with various kinds of cells and tissues, making it an ideal candidate for tissue engineering, orthopedic and dental applications. Nanosized materials offer improved performances compared with conventional materials due to their large surface-to-volume ratios. This review summarizes existing knowledge and recent progress in fabrication methods of nanosized (or nanostructured) HAp particles, as well as their recent applications in medical and dental fields. In section 1, we provide a brief overview of HAp and nanoparticles. In section 2, fabrication methods of HAp nanoparticles are described based on the particle formation mechanisms. Recent applications of HAp nanoparticles are summarized in section 3. The future perspectives in this active research area are given in section 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Okada
- Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1121, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Furuzono
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kinki University, 930 Nishi-Mitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama, 649-6493, Japan
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12
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphate coatings, films and layers. Prog Biomater 2012; 1:1. [PMID: 29470670 PMCID: PMC5120666 DOI: 10.1186/2194-0517-1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In surgical disciplines, where bones have to be repaired, augmented or improved, bone substitutes are essential. Therefore, an interest has dramatically increased in application of synthetic bone grafts. As various interactions among cells, surrounding tissues and implanted biomaterials always occur at the interfaces, the surface properties of the implants are of the paramount importance in determining both the biological response to implants and the material response to the physiological conditions. Hence, a surface engineering is aimed to modify both the biomaterials, themselves, and biological responses through introducing desirable changes to the surface properties of the implants but still maintaining their bulk mechanical properties. To fulfill these requirements, a special class of artificial bone grafts has been introduced in 1976. It is composed of various mechanically stable (therefore, suitable for load bearing applications) biomaterials and/or bio-devices with calcium orthophosphate coatings, films and layers on their surfaces to both improve interactions with the surrounding tissues and provide an adequate bonding to bones. Many production techniques of calcium orthophosphate coatings, films and layers have been already invented and new promising techniques are continuously investigated. These specialized coatings, films and layers used to improve the surface properties of various types of artificial implants are the topic of this review.
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Hydroxyapatite coating of titanium implants using hydroprocessing and evaluation of their osteoconductivity. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2012; 2012:730693. [PMID: 22400015 PMCID: PMC3287042 DOI: 10.1155/2012/730693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many techniques for the surface modification of titanium and its alloys have been proposed from the viewpoint of improving bioactivity. This paper contains an overview of surface treatment methods, including coating with hydroxyapatite (HAp), an osteoconductive compound. There are two types of coating methods: pyroprocessing and hydroprocessing. In this paper, hydroprocessing for coating on the titanium substrate with HAp, carbonate apatite (CO3–Ap), a CO3–Ap/CaCO3 composite, HAp/collagen, and a HAp/gelatin composite is outlined. Moreover, evaluation by implantation of surface-modified samples in rat tibiae is described.
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Kurumada KI, Susa K, Sugano Y, Takahashi M, Pan G. Formation of uniform hydroxyapatite nanocoating triggered by nucleation at carboxylic groups embedded in ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer microspheres. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kuroda K, Shidu H, Ichino R, Okido M. Formation of Titania/Hydroxyapatite Composite Films by Pulse Electrolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.2320/jinstmet.72.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Formation and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Surface Modified Implants by HAp, Carbonated-HAp and Titanium Oxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp), carbonated HAp and titanium oxide are of
interest for bone-interfacing implant applications, because of their demonstrated osteoconductive
properties. They were coated on the titanium implants and investigated the in vitro and in vivo
performance. HAp coatings were performed by the thermal substrate method in aqueous solutions.
Titanium oxide film was also formed on the titanium implants by gaseous oxidation, or by anodizing
in the acidic solution. All the specimens covered with HAp, carbonated HAp or TiO2 (rutile or
anatase). were characterized by XRD, EDX, FT-IR and SEM. In the in vitro testing, the mouse
osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) were cultured on the coated and non-coated specimens for up to 30
days. Moreover, the osseointegration was evaluated from the rod specimens implanted in rats
femoral for up to 8 weeks. In in vivo evaluations two weeks postimplantation, new bone formed on
the coated and non-coated titanium rods in the cancellous bone and cortical bone, respectively.
Bone-implant contact ratio, in order to evaluate of new bone formation, was significantly depended
on the compound formed on the titanium implant.
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Almanza JM, Escobedo JC, Ortiz JC, Cortés DA. Bioactivation of a cobalt alloy by coating with wollastonite during investment casting. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 78:34-41. [PMID: 16598727 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt alloy samples were bioactivated during investment casting. The cavities of the investment mold were previously coated with wollastonite. Additionally, before coating with wollastonite, some mold cavities were filled out with graphite rods to avoid a chemical reaction between the wollastonite powder and the investment material. Half of the cast samples were heat treated at 1220 degrees C for 1 h. To perform the in vitro bioactivity assessment, the cast and heat-treated samples were immersed in a simulated body fluid solution (SBF) for a period of 21 days. The surface of the samples before and after immersion in SBF was characterized by SEM, EDX, and XRD analyses. During the casting, particles of pseudowollastonite were embedded on the metallic surface. After immersion of the samples in SBF, a ceramic layer was formed on both the alloy obtained by using the investment mold and the alloy obtained by using the graphite-filled cavity. The ceramic layer was thicker on the alloy cast in the investment mold. The layer was identified as hydroxyapatite by XRD analysis, in all the cases. The heat-treated samples after immersion in SBF showed the formation of a thin homogeneous layer consisting of fine grains of apatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Almanza
- Ceramics Department, Cinvestav-Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo, Coahuila 25000, México.
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Tamura M, Endo K, Maida T, Ohno H. Hydroxyapatite film coating by thermally induced liquid-phase deposition method for titanium implants. Dent Mater J 2006; 25:32-8. [PMID: 16706294 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.25.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Thermally induced liquid-phase deposition method was employed to produce a thin hydroxyapatite (HA) film on a titanium substrate in a metastable calcium phosphate solution. Titanium foil of 100x10x0.02 mm3 was used as a substrate. Prior to HA coating, the substrate was immersed in 5 M NaOH solution at 60 degrees C for 24 hours. Substrate temperature was kept constant at 60 degrees C for 0.5-3 hours by electrical heating with a DC power source in the metastable calcium phosphate solution. An X-ray diffractogram indicated that the film deposited on the titanium substrate was composed of HA. The amount of HA deposited increased with increase in heating time. These results suggested that a uniform HA film can be formed by simple chemical and thermal treatments. Based on the results of this study, this technique seemed to be useful for producing uniform HA coatings on complex-shaped and porous dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Tamura
- Department of Dental Science, Personalized Health Science Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
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Abstract
The controlled development of texture microstructure in ceramics is one effective way to improve their properties, such as electrical, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. A bioceramics with oriented crystal structure has attracted great interest. In bone reparations, Hydroxyapatite (HAp)-based biomaterials were frequently used. And HAp is the main mineral constituent of the hard tissue of human bodies, which occurs with a hexagonal crystal. A HAp crystal turns out to have different surface properties in a- (or b-) plane and c-plane. In this regard, to get highly oriented HAp is very important before using HAp as a biomaterial. And the crystal orientated HAp is useful not only as biomaterials but also as protein absorbents. In this research, two different kinds of HAp-based biomaterial with oriented structure (HAp bioceramics and HAp-coated titanium composite) were studied.
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Kusakabe H, Sakamaki T, Nihei K, Oyama Y, Yanagimoto S, Ichimiya M, Kimura J, Toyama Y. Osseointegration of a hydroxyapatite-coated multilayered mesh stem. Biomaterials 2004; 25:2957-69. [PMID: 14967528 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2003] [Accepted: 09/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new type of porous coating for hip prostheses called "multilayered mesh" was tested under weight-bearing conditions. The surface of the stem is constructed of titanium mesh produced by etching. The hip stems of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated multilayered mesh and conventional beads were implanted into canine right hips, and animals were killed 3, 6 and 10 weeks and 6 and 12 months after implantation. Shear strength between the implant and the bone was evaluated by the push-out test. Bone ingrowth was calculated from backscattered electron imaging-scanning electron microscopy (BEI-SEM) images of transverse sections. Toluidine blue stained sections and the BEI-SEM images were evaluated histologically. The break sites of the specimens after the push-out test were evaluated on BEI-SEM images of longitudinal sections. The mean push-out strength of the HA-coated multilayered mesh samples was greater than that of the beads-coated samples every time tested, and the HA-coated multilayered mesh implants had significantly stronger push-out strength at 3 and 6 weeks (p<0.05). The strength of the HA-coated multilayered mesh implants was even greater at 6 and 12 months, whereas the strength of the beads-coated samples decreased. The HA-coated multilayered mesh implants showed significantly higher percentages of bone ingrowth than the beads-coated implants every time tested, except at 6 months (p<0.05). At 6 and 12 months, the bone ingrowth data for the HA-coated multilayered mesh implants increased, whereas it decreased for the beads-coated implants. The new bone formation had reached the bottom of the porous area of the HA-coated multilayered mesh surface by 3 weeks, but not had reached the bottom of the conventional beads surface. At 6 and 12 months, the smaller pores of the bead surface stopped the thickening of trabecular bone, and at 12 months, the break sites were at the bone-implant interface of the bead surface, whereas they were on the bone side of the HA-coated multilayered mesh surface. The difference between the break sites was significant at 12 months (p<0.05). The HA-coated multilayered mesh stem provided faster, stronger, and more durable osseointegration than the conventional bead stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kusakabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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López M, Jiménez J, Gutiérrez A. Corrosion study of surface-modified vanadium-free titanium alloys. Electrochim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(03)00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kuroda K, Ichino R, Okido M, Takai O. Effects of ion concentration and pH on hydroxyapatite deposition from aqueous solution onto titanium by the thermal substrate method. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2002; 61:354-9. [PMID: 12115460 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.10197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new hydrocoating method (the thermal substrate method) has been proposed for coating calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite, onto titanium substrates in an aqueous solution. The influences of several solution properties on the thermal substrate method were examined. The solutions used included 3 mmol dm(-3) Ca(H(2)PO(4))(2) and 7 mmol dm(-3) CaCl(2) as a reference concentration solution. The ion concentration was changed from 0.1 to 2 times with respect to the reference concentration. The experimental studies were conducted under the following conditions: temperature = 140 degrees C, heating time = 10-20 min., pH = 4-8 and Ca/P = 0.0167-16.7. The type of precipitate changed, depending on the pH and ion concentration. In the reference solution with pH > 6, predominantly hydroxyapatite was precipitated onto titanium. By contrast, only CaHPO(4) was formed in the solution of pH 4. In the solution with an ion concentration of one-tenth the reference solution, CaHPO(4) was also precipitated. The addition of H(3)PO(4) to the 0.1-times solution accelerated the precipitation rate of HA. It is suggested that the PO(4) (3-) concentration was insufficient to form HA in the Ca/P = 1.67 solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Kuroda
- Center for Integrated Research in Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan.
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