1
|
Urban K, Höhling HJ, Lüttenberg B, Szuwart T, Plate U. An in vitro study of osteoblast vitality influenced by the vitamins C and E. Head Face Med 2012; 8:25. [PMID: 23021517 PMCID: PMC3489720 DOI: 10.1186/1746-160x-8-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C and vitamin E are known as important cellular antioxidants and are involved in several other non-antioxidant processes. Generally vitamin C and vitamin E are not synthesized by humans and therefore have to be applied by nutrition. The absence or deficiency of the vitamins can lead to several dysfunctions and even diseases (e.g. scurvy). The main interest in this study is that vitamin C and E are known to influence bone formation, e.g. vitamin C plays the key role in the synthesis of collagen, the major component of the extracellular bone matrix. In the present study we evaluate the effect of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) on the proliferation and differentiation of primary bovine osteoblasts in vitro. Starting from standard growth medium we minimized the foetal calf serum to reduce their stimulatory effect on proliferation. An improved growth and an increased synthesis of the extracellular matrix proteins collagen type I, osteonectin and osteocalcin was observed while increasing the ascorbic acid concentration up to 200 μg/ml. Furthermore the effects of α-tocopherol on cell growth and cell differentiation were examined, whereby neither improved growth nor increased synthesis of the extracellular matrix proteins collagen type I, osteonectin and osteocalcin were detected. Further investigations are necessary to target at better supportive effect of vitamins on bone regeneration, and healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kent Urban
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chai YC, Roberts SJ, Van Bael S, Chen Y, Luyten FP, Schrooten J. Multi-Level Factorial Analysis of Ca2+/Pi Supplementation as Bio-Instructive Media for In Vitro Biomimetic Engineering of Three-Dimensional Osteogenic Hybrids. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2012; 18:90-103. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2011.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoke Chin Chai
- Laboratory for Skeletal Development and Joint Disorders, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Scott J. Roberts
- Laboratory for Skeletal Development and Joint Disorders, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon Van Bael
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Biomechanics and Engineering Design, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
- Division of Production Engineering, Machine Design and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yantian Chen
- Laboratory for Skeletal Development and Joint Disorders, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank P. Luyten
- Laboratory for Skeletal Development and Joint Disorders, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Schrooten
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun XJ, Zhang ZY, Wang SY, Gittens SA, Jiang XQ, Chou LL. Maxillary sinus floor elevation using a tissue-engineered bone complex with OsteoBone and bMSCs in rabbits. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009; 19:804-13. [PMID: 18705812 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of maxillary sinus floor elevation by a tissue-engineered bone complex with OsteoBone(trade mark) and bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) in rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS Autologous bMSCs from adult New Zealand rabbits were cultured and combined with OsteoBone(trade mark) at a concentration of 20 x 10(6) cells/ml in vitro. Twenty-four animals were used and randomly allocated into groups. For each time point, 16 maxillary sinus floor elevation surgeries were made bilaterally in eight animals and randomly repaired by bMSCs/material (i.e. OsteoBone), material, autogenous bone and blood clot (n=4 per group). A polychrome sequential fluorescent labeling was also performed post-operatively. The animals were sacrificed 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the procedure and evaluated histologically as well as histomorphometrically. RESULTS New bone area significantly decreased from weeks 2 to 8 in the blood clot group, while bone area in the autologous bone reduced from weeks 4 to 8. In both groups, a significant amount of fatty tissue appeared at week 8. Accordingly, augmented height in both groups was also significantly decreased from weeks 2 to 8. The bone area in the material-alone group as well as in the bMSCs/material group, on the other hand, increased over time. Significantly more newly formed bone area and mineralization was observed in the center of the raised space in the bMSCs/material group than in the material-alone group. The augmented height was maintained in these two groups throughout the course of this study. CONCLUSION These results suggest that OsteoBone can successfully be used as a bone graft substitute and that the combination of this material with bMSCs can effectively promote new bone formation in sinus elevation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X-Juan Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zou L, Zou X, Chen L, Li H, Mygind T, Kassem M, Bünger C. Effect of hyaluronan on osteogenic differentiation of porcine bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. J Orthop Res 2008; 26:713-20. [PMID: 18050326 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) plays a predominant role in tissue morphogenesis, cell migration, proliferation, and cell differentiation. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether (i) prolonged presence of high concentration (4.0 mg/mL) 800 KDa HA and (ii) pretreatment with HA can modify osteogenic differentiation of pig bone marrow stromal cells (pBMSC). Cell proliferation and mineralization were measured. Expression of differentiation-related genes was evaluated by means of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). HA increased cell proliferation on day 7. HA decreased the basal level of bone-related gene expression and increased the basal level of sox9 marginally during 7-day pretreatment with HA. HA increased calcium deposit on day 21. cbfa1, ALP, and type 1 alpha collagen (Col1) expression was increased when pBMSC were cultivated in osteogenic medium, whereas their expression was decreased in the presence of HA on day 7. On day 14, the addition of HA upregulated cbfa1 and ALP expression compared to osteogenic medium group; there was no significant difference in Col1 expression. At day 21, osteocalcin (OC) expression showed 2.5-fold upregulation over osteogenic medium. These results suggest that exogenous HA stimulates endogenous HA, which together may play a synergetic role in osteogenic differentiation under osteoinducing conditions although gene expression was inhibited at the early stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Zou
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cornet F, Broux O, Anselme K, Hardouin P, Jeanfils J. Effect of dexamethasone on moesin gene expression in rabbit bone marrow stromal cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2005; 265:79-83. [PMID: 15543937 DOI: 10.1023/b:mcbi.0000044309.43612.3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The influence of dexamethasone on rabbit bone marrow stromal cells differentiation was studied by screening the action of dexamethasone on gene expression. Using differential display, we observed some differential amplifications. The use of five of thirteen different primers combination allowed to identify one or more differential bands. One of them was identified as moesin gene. Real-time PCR confirmed a significant reduction of moesin gene expression following dexamethasone treatment. The decrease of expression for this protein, involved in cytoskeletal organization, could explain the effects of dexamethasone treatment on bone marrow stromal cells differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Cornet
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Biomatériaux et les Biotechnologies (LR2B), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Bassin Napoleon, Quai Robert Masset, Boulogne sur mer, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bodo M, Baroni T, Bellucci C, Lilli C, De Ioanni M, Bonifacio E, Moretti L, Becchetti E, Bellocchio S, Delfini C, Lumare E, Tabilio A. Unique human CD133+ leukemia cell line and its modulation towards a mesenchymal phenotype by FGF2 and TGFβ1. J Cell Physiol 2005; 206:682-92. [PMID: 16222707 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Immunological features of GM-490 cells, a new blood cell line from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, included lack of CD34, CD38, CD45, CD14, HLA-DR, and lymphoid and myeloid markers and expression of CD29, CD36, CD44, CD54, CD71, CD105, and CD133. Molecular analysis indicated CD45 gene expression was absent but CD34 mRNA was present. GM-490 cells constitutively produced fibronectin (FN), type III and traces of type I collagen, collagenases, glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and biglycan and betaglycan proteoglycans (PG) as well as FGF2 and TGFbeta1. When FGF2 and/or TGFbeta1 were added to cells in vitro, they stimulated cell proliferation and differently modulated matrix production and growth factor receptor expression. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of transcripts encoding for osteocalcin and RUNX2 suggests GM-490 cells differentiate towards the osteoblast pathway. GM-490 cells expressed the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75LNGFR), a somatic stem cell marker that is not detected in hematopoietic cells, leading to the hypothesis that GM-490 has mesenchymal stem cell properties. The reciprocal modulating effects of FGF2 and TGFbeta1 on each other's receptors make the GM-490 cell line a new model for investigating the relationship between these growth factors and their receptors in autocrine loops which are believed to sustain the malignant clone in hematological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bodo
- Histology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Harris MT, Butler DL, Boivin GP, Florer JB, Schantz EJ, Wenstrup RJ. Mesenchymal stem cells used for rabbit tendon repair can form ectopic bone and express alkaline phosphatase activity in constructs. J Orthop Res 2004; 22:998-1003. [PMID: 15304271 DOI: 10.1016/j.orthres.2004.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2004] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to repair connective tissue defects in several animal models. Compared to "natural healing" controls (no added cells), MSC-collagen gel constructs in rabbit tendon defects significantly improve repair biomechanics. However, ectopic bone forms in 28% of MSC-treated rabbit tendons. To understand the source of bone formation, three studies were performed. In the first study, the hypothesis was tested that MSCs delivered during surgery contribute to bone formation in the in vivo repair site. Adjacent histological sections in the MSC-treated repair tissue were examined for pre-labeled MSCs and for cells showing positive alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Both cells were observed in serial sections in regions of ectopic bone. Contralateral "natural healing" tendons lacked both markers. In the other two studies, the effects of osteogenic supplements and construct geometry (monolayer vs. 3-D) on ALP activity were studied to test three hypotheses: that rabbit MSCs increase ALP activity over time in monolayer culture conditions; that adding osteogenic inducing supplements to the culture medium increases cellular protein in monolayer culture; and that rabbit MSCs increase ALP activity both in monolayer and in 3-D constructs, with and without media supplements. Culture in monolayer under similar conditions to in vivo (as in the first study) did not increase ALP at 2 or 4 weeks. Medium designed to increase osteogenic activity significantly increased cell numbers (cellular protein increased by 260%) but did not affect ALP activity either in monolayer or 3-D constructs (p>0.12). However, MSCs in 3-D constructs exhibited higher ALP activity than cells in monolayer, both in the presence (p<0.045) and absence of supplement (p<0.005). These results suggest that in vitro conditions may critically influence cell differentiation and protein expression. Mechanisms responsible for these effects are currently under investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Harris
- Noyes-Giannestras Biomechanics Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Colleges of Medicine and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 840 Engineering Research Center, 2901 Campus Drive, Mail Location 0048, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0048, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|