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Muñoz-Vazquez J, Chavez-Granados PA, Hernandez-Gomez G, Scougall-Vilchis RJ, Hiroshi S, Garcia-Contreras R. Effects of Nitrurized Titanium on Microhardness and Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Adhesion and Differentiation. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2023; 33:31-39. [PMID: 36734925 DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2022044424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To compare the Vickers microhardness, surface roughness, initial adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation on titanium (Ti) and nitrurized titanium (NTi) plates were treated by UV irradiation and chitosan. Each plate was subjected to Vickers hardness with a pressure of 2.9 N for 10 seconds and roughness evaluation by atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis. Three groups of each type of plates were tested: control (C), ultraviolet irradiation (UV), and chitosan (Q). The UV group was exposed to UV-irradiation for 20 min at 253.7 nm (52 μW/cm2). The Q group was coated with 1% chitosan, and the C group had no treatment. The osteoblasts (2 × 106 cells/mL) were inoculated in each group for 60 min and their viability was determined by the MTT bioassay. Osteogenic differentiation was performed over 4 weeks and determined by alizarin red staining. The mean was analyzed with the Shapiro-Wilks, Kruskall-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests of normality (n = 9/gp). The NTi plates hardness (125.1 ± 4.01 HV) was higher (P = 0.026) than the Ti plates (121.3 ± 2.23 HV). The surface topography was: NTi (Ra = 0.098 μm) and Ti (Ra = 0.212 μm). The quantification of cell adhesion was: Ti + Q = 123 ± 4.9% (P < 0.05) < NTi + Q = 107 ± 3.3% < Ti = 100 ± 10.7% < NTi = 72 ± 6.8% < NTi + UV = 71 ± 4.4% < Ti + UV = 69 ± 3.5%, regardless the plates, the presence of chitosan induce a faster osteogenic differentiation. The Ti + Q plates tested the highest cell attachment and osteogenic adhesion suggesting their potential use of chitosan for cell-implant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Muñoz-Vazquez
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) León Unit, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, el Potrero, 37684 León, México
| | - Patricia Alejandra Chavez-Granados
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) León Unit, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, el Potrero, 37684 León, México
| | - Gabriela Hernandez-Gomez
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) León Unit, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, el Potrero, 37684 León, México; Periodontics and Oral implantology Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) León Unit, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, el Potrero, 37684 León, México
| | - Rogelio Jose Scougall-Vilchis
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Odontología (CIEAO), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Sakagami Hiroshi
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Saitama, Japan
| | - Rene Garcia-Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) León Unit, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, El Potrero, 37684 León, Mexico
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Parry V, Le Bourhis E, Pichon L, Drouet M. Relation between Mechanical Hardening and Nitrogen Profile of PBII Nitrided Titanium Alloy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:9028. [PMID: 36556838 PMCID: PMC9785563 DOI: 10.3390/ma15249028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface treatments of Ti-6Al-4V alloys are of utmost importance for biomedical applications since they allow for tribological gain. Here, Ti-6Al-4V disks have been PBII nitrided at either 500, 600, 700 and 800 °C. A set of techniques (XRD, SEM-EDS, EBSD and GDOES) was used to characterize the surface microstructural and chemical changes. Nanoindentation was used to assess the induced changes in terms of mechanical properties. Two types of nitrided domains are revealed. Starting from the surface, a nitride bilayer composed of δ-TiN/ϵ-Ti2N with enhanced surface resistance is supported by an α-Ti(N) solid solution formed at depth. Hardness values peak at 12-14 GPa at the surface, which is almost twice as large as the bulk value (about 7 GPa). For the moderate temperatures used here, a deep (10-15 µm) and strong hardness (14 GPa) enhancement together with a smooth gradient can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Parry
- SIMaP, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Le Bourhis
- Institut P’, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Bd Marie & Pierre Curie-TSA 41123, F-86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Luc Pichon
- Institut P’, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Bd Marie & Pierre Curie-TSA 41123, F-86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Michel Drouet
- Institut P’, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Bd Marie & Pierre Curie-TSA 41123, F-86073 Poitiers, France
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Del Castillo R, Chochlidakis K, Galindo-Moreno P, Ercoli C. Titanium Nitride Coated Implant Abutments: From Technical Aspects And Soft tissue Biocompatibility to Clinical Applications. A Literature Review. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:571-578. [PMID: 34731520 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the most up to date scientific evidence concerning the technical implications, soft tissue biocompatibility, and clinical applications derived from the use of titanium nitride hard thin film coatings on titanium alloy implant abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review was performed to answer the following focused question: "What is the clinical reliability of nitride coated titanium alloy abutments?". A MEDLINE search between 1980 and 2021 was performed for investigations pertaining to the clinical use of nitride coated titanium alloy implant abutments (TiN) in case reports, case series, and short- and long-term non/randomized controlled clinical trials. Literature analysis led to addition evaluation of research related to the technical and biological aspects, as well as the physicochemical characteristics of TiN hard thin film coatings and their impact on titanium abutment biocompatibility, mechanical properties, macroscopic surface topography, and optical properties. Therefore, preclinical data from biomechanical and in vitro investigations were also considered as inclusion criteria. RESULTS The limited number of clinical investigations published made a systematic review and meta-analysis not possible, therefore a narrative review was conducted. TiN coatings have been applied to dental materials and instruments to improve their clinical longevity. Implant abutments are coated with titanium nitride to mask the titanium oxide surface and enhance its surface characteristics providing the TiN abutment surface with a low friction coefficient and a very high chemical inertness. TiN coating is suggested to reduce early bacterial colonization and biofilm formation and enhance fibroblast cell proliferation, attachment and adhesion when compared to Ti controls. Additionally, studies indicate that hard thin film coatings enhance the mechanical properties (hardness and wear resistance) of titanium alloy and appears as a yellow color when deposited on the titanium alloy substrate. To date, clinical investigations show that nitride coated titanium abutments provide promising short-term clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Published research on nitride-coated abutments is still limited, however, the available biomedical research, mechanical engineering tests, in vitro investigations, and short-term clinical trials have, to date, reported promising mechanical, biological, and esthetic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Del Castillo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Konstantinos Chochlidakis
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlo Ercoli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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Padilha Fontoura C, Ló Bertele P, Machado Rodrigues M, Elisa Dotta Maddalozzo A, Frassini R, Silvestrin Celi Garcia C, Tomaz Martins S, Crespo JDS, Figueroa CA, Roesch-Ely M, Aguzzoli C. Comparative Study of Physicochemical Properties and Biocompatibility (L929 and MG63 Cells) of TiN Coatings Obtained by Plasma Nitriding and Thin Film Deposition. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3683-3695. [PMID: 34291900 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ti6Al4V is one of the most lightweight, mechanically resistant, and appropriate for biologically induced corrosion alloys. However, surface properties often must be tuned for fitting into biomedical applications, and therefore, surface modification is of paramount importance to carry on its use. This work compares the interaction between two different cell lines (L929 fibroblasts and osteoblast-like MG63) and medical grade Ti6Al4V after surface modification by plasma nitriding or thin film deposition. We studied the adhesion of these two cell lines, exploring which trends are consistent for cell behavior, correlating with osseointegration and in vivo conditions. Modified surfaces were analyzed through several physicochemical characterization techniques. Plasma nitriding led to a more pronounced increase in surface roughness, a thicker aluminum-free layer, made up of diverse titanium nitride phases, whereas thin film deposition resulted in a single-phase pure titanium nitride layer that leveled the ridged topography. The selective adhesion of osteoblast-like cells over fibroblasts was observed in nitrided samples but not in thin film deposited films, indicating that the competitive cellular behavior is more pronounced in plasma nitrided surfaces. The obtained coatings presented an appropriate performance for its use in biomedical-aimed applications, including the possibility of a higher success rate in osseointegration of implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Padilha Fontoura
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560 Brazil
| | - Patrícia Ló Bertele
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560 Brazil
| | - Melissa Machado Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560 Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Dotta Maddalozzo
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560 Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Rafaele Frassini
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Charlene Silvestrin Celi Garcia
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Sandro Tomaz Martins
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Janaina da Silva Crespo
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560 Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Figueroa
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560 Brazil
| | - Mariana Roesch-Ely
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Cesar Aguzzoli
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560 Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 95070-560, Brazil
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Abdallah B, Kakhia M, Alssadat W, Rihawy MS. Deposition of Ti6Al4V Thin Films by DC Magnetron Sputtering: Effect of the Current on Structural, Corrosion and Mechanical Properties. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-018-0643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Radtke A, Topolski A, Jędrzejewski T, Kozak W, Sadowska B, Więckowska-Szakiel M, Szubka M, Talik E, Pleth Nielsen L, Piszczek P. The Bioactivity and Photocatalytic Properties of Titania Nanotube Coatings Produced with the Use of the Low-Potential Anodization of Ti6Al4V Alloy Surface. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E197. [PMID: 28933732 PMCID: PMC5575679 DOI: 10.3390/nano7080197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Titania nanotube (TNT) coatings were produced using low-potential anodic oxidation of Ti6Al4V substrates in the potential range 3-20 V. They were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The wettability was estimated by measuring the contact angle when applying water droplets. The bioactivity of the TNT coatings was established on the basis of the biointegration assay (L929 murine fibroblasts adhesion and proliferation) and antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213). The photocatalytic efficiency of the TNT films was studied by the degradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation. Among the studied coatings, the TiO₂ nanotubes obtained with the use of 5 V potential (TNT5) were found to be the most appropriate for medical applications. The TNT5 sample possessed antibiofilm properties without enriching it by additional antimicrobial agent. Furthermore, it was characterized by optimal biocompatibility, performing better than pure Ti6Al4V alloy. Moreover, the same sample was the most photocatalytically active and exhibited the potential for the sterilization of implants with the use of UV light and for other environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Adrian Topolski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Wiesław Kozak
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Beata Sadowska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Szubka
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Ewa Talik
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Lars Pleth Nielsen
- Tribology Centre, Danish Technological Institute, Kongsvang Allé 29, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Alshemary AZ, Engin Pazarceviren A, Tezcaner A, Evis Z. Fe3+
/SeO42−
dual doped nano hydroxyapatite: A novel material for biomedical applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:340-352. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Z. Alshemary
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering, Karabuk University; 78050 Karabuk Turkey
| | | | - Aysen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences; Middle East Technical University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Zafer Evis
- Department of Engineering Sciences; Middle East Technical University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
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Ion R, Luculescu C, Cimpean A, Marx P, Gordin DM, Gloriant T. Nitride coating enhances endothelialization on biomedical NiTi shape memory alloy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 62:686-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abdelrahim RA, Badr NA, Baroudi K. The effect of plasma surface treatment on the bioactivity of titanium implant materials (in vitro). J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:15-21. [PMID: 27011927 PMCID: PMC4784058 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.171592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surface of an implantable biomaterial plays a very important role in determining the biocompatibility, osteoinduction, and osteointegration of implants because it is in intimate contact with the host bone and soft tissues. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to assess the effect of plasma surface treatment on the bioactivity of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen titanium alloy samples were used in this study. The samples were divided into three groups (with five samples in each group). Five samples were kept untreated and served as control (group A). Another five plasma samples were sprayed for nitrogen ion implantation on their surfaces (group B) and the last five samples were pre-etched with acid before plasma treatment (group C). All the investigated samples were immersed for 7 days in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) which was used as a simulating body fluid (SBF) at pH 7.4 and 37°C. HBSS was renewed every 3 days. The different surfaces were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA), and Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). RESULTS Nitriding of Ti-alloy samples via plasma nitrogen ion implantation increased the bioactivity of titanium. Moreover, the surface topography affected the chemical structure of the formed apatite. Increasing the surface roughness enhanced the bioactivity of the implant material. CONCLUSIONS Nitridation can be exploited as an effective way to promote the formation of bone-like material on the implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy A Abdelrahim
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia A Badr
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kusai Baroudi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ritz U, Nusselt T, Sewing A, Ziebart T, Kaufmann K, Baranowski A, Rommens PM, Hofmann A. The effect of different collagen modifications for titanium and titanium nitrite surfaces on functions of gingival fibroblasts. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:255-265. [PMID: 26969500 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Targeted modifications of the bulk implant surfaces using bioactive agents provide a promising tool for improvement of the long-term bony and soft tissue integration of dental implants. In this study, we assessed the cellular responses of primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) to different surface modifications of titanium (Ti) and titanium nitride (TiN) alloys with type I collagen or cyclic-RGDfK-peptide in order to define a modification improving long-term implants in dental medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Employing Ti and TiN implants, we compared the performance of simple dip coating and anodic immobilization of type I collagen that provided collagen layers of two different thicknesses. HGF were seeded on the different coated implants, and adhesion, proliferation, and gene expression were analyzed. RESULTS Although there were no strong differences in initial cell adhesion between the groups at 2 and 4 hours, we found that all surface modifications induced higher proliferation rates as compared to the unmodified controls. Consistently, gene expression levels of cell adhesion markers (focal adhesion kinase (FAK), integrin beta1, and vinculin), cell differentiation markers (FGFR1, TGFb-R1), extracellular protein markers (type I collagen, vimentin), and cytoskeletal protein marker aktinin-1 were consistently higher in all surface modification groups at two different time points of investigation as compared to the unmodified controls. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that simple dip coating of Ti and TiN with collagen is sufficient to induce in vitro cellular responses that are comparable to those of more reliable coating methods like anodic adsorption, chemical cross-linking, or RGD coating. TiN alloys do not possess any positive or adverse effects on HGF. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our results demonstrate a simple, yet effective, method for collagen coating on titanium implants to improve the long term integration and stability of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Ritz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Nusselt
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - A Sewing
- Biomet Deutschland GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Ziebart
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - A Baranowski
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - P M Rommens
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Moussa M, Fontana P, Hamdan F, Cattani-Lorente M, Scherrer SS, Banakh O, Wiskott AHW, Durual S. Modulation of osteoblast behavior on TiNxOy coatings by altering the N/O stoichiometry while maintaining a high thrombogenic potential. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:1219-29. [PMID: 26637444 DOI: 10.1177/0885328215619084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Titanium nitride oxide (TiNxOy) coatings are known to stimulate osteoblast proliferation and osseointegration when compared to microrough titanium implants. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether the beneficial effects of TiNxOy coatings observed with implant osseointegration are dependent on N/O stoichiometry, with the final goal of optimizing these benefits. MMS: TiNxOy coatings with various N/O compositions were deposited on microrough titanium plates (Ti-SLA, 11 × 11 mm). Human primary osteoblast (hOBs) proliferation and gene expression were analyzed for a time course of three weeks, with or without additional stimulation by 1.25 (OH)2 vitamin D3 100 nM. Platelet adhesion/activation and thrombin generation were also assessed. RESULTS hOBs proliferation gradually increased with the amount of oxygen contained in the coatings. The effect was observed from day 7 to reach a maximum at day 10, with a 1.8 fold increase for the best coating as compared to Ti-SLA. SEM views indicated that cells adhered, spread and elongated faster on oxygen-rich TiNxOy films, while the differentiation process as well as the thombogenic potential was not affected. CONCLUSIONS The effect of TiNxOy coatings on osteoblast is dependent on their chemical composition; it increases with the amount of oxygen. TiNxOy coatings may act as a catalyst for cell-adhesion and proliferation early after seeding. In contrast, thrombogenicity of Ti-SLA surface is not affected by TiNxOy application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Moussa
- Division of fixed prosthodontics and biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Fontana
- Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, University of Geneva, HUG and Geneva Platelet Group, Switzerland
| | - Farah Hamdan
- Division of fixed prosthodontics and biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Cattani-Lorente
- Division of fixed prosthodontics and biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susanne S Scherrer
- Division of fixed prosthodontics and biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Anselm H W Wiskott
- Division of fixed prosthodontics and biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Durual
- Division of fixed prosthodontics and biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Titanium-Nitride Coating of Orthopaedic Implants: A Review of the Literature. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:485975. [PMID: 26583113 PMCID: PMC4637053 DOI: 10.1155/2015/485975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surfaces of medical implants can be enhanced with the favorable properties of titanium-nitride (TiN). In a review of English medical literature, the effects of TiN-coating on orthopaedic implant material in preclinical studies were identified and the influence of these effects on the clinical outcome of TiN-coated orthopaedic implants was explored. The TiN-coating has a positive effect on the biocompatibility and tribological properties of implant surfaces; however, there are several reports of third body wear due to delamination, increased ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene wear, and cohesive failure of the TiN-coating. This might be due to the coating process. The TiN-coating process should be optimized and standardized for titanium alloy articulating surfaces. The clinical benefit of TiN-coating of CoCrMo knee implant surfaces should be further investigated.
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El-Hossary F, Negm N, Abd El-Rahman A, Raaif M, Seleem A, Abd El-Moula A. Tribo-mechanical and electrochemical properties of plasma nitriding titanium. SURFACE AND COATINGS TECHNOLOGY 2015; 276:658-667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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14
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Ferraz EP, Sverzut AT, Freitas GP, Sá JC, Alves C, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Bone tissue response to plasma-nitrided titanium implant surfaces. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 23:9-13. [PMID: 25760262 PMCID: PMC4349113 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720140376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A current goal of dental implant research is the development of titanium (Ti) surfaces to improve osseointegration. Plasma nitriding treatments generate surfaces that favor osteoblast differentiation, a key event to the process of osteogenesis. Based on this, it is possible to hypothesize that plasma-nitrided Ti implants may positively impact osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Prado Ferraz
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexander Tadeu Sverzut
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division;Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Carvalho Sá
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Clodomiro Alves
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Patel S, Butt A, Tao Q, Rossero A. JI, Royhman D, Sukotjo C, Takoudis CG. Novel functionalization of Ti-V alloy and Ti-II using atomic layer deposition for improved surface wettability. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 115:280-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ferraz EP, Sa JC, de Oliveira PT, Alves C, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. The effect of plasma-nitrided titanium surfaces on osteoblastic cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:991-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela P. Ferraz
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana C. Sa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Rio Grande do Norte; Campus Universitário s/n, 59072-970 Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
| | - Paulo T. de Oliveira
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Clodomiro Alves
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Rio Grande do Norte; Campus Universitário s/n, 59072-970 Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
| | - Marcio M. Beloti
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adalberto L. Rosa
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Av do Café s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
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Cha KJ, Hong JM, Cho DW, Kim DS. Enhanced osteogenic fate and function of MC3T3-E1 cells on nanoengineered polystyrene surfaces with nanopillar and nanopore arrays. Biofabrication 2013; 5:025007. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/5/2/025007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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The effects of titanium nitride-coating on the topographic and biological features of TPS implant surfaces. J Dent 2011; 39:720-8. [PMID: 21856369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Titanium nitride (TiN) coating has been proposed as an adjunctive surface treatment aimed to increase the physico-mechanical and aesthetic properties of dental implants. In this study we investigated the surface characteristics of TiN-coated titanium plasma sprayed (TiN-TPS) and uncoated titanium plasma sprayed (TPS) surfaces and their biological features towards both primary human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) and bacterial cultures. METHODS 15 mm×1 mm TPS and TiN-TPS disks (P.H.I. s.r.l., San Vittore Olona, Milano, Italy) were topographically analysed by confocal optical profilometry. Primary human BM-MSC were obtained from healthy donors, isolated and expanded. Cells were seeded on the titanium disks and cell adhesion, proliferation, protein synthesis and osteoblastic differentiation in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin synthesis and extracellular mineralization, were evaluated. Furthermore, adhesion and proliferation of Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus sanguinis on both surfaces were also analysed. RESULTS TiN-TPS disks showed a decreased roughness (about 50%, p < 0.05) and a decreased bacterial adhesion and proliferation compared to TPS ones. No difference (p > 0.05) in terms of BM-MSC adhesion, proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation between TPS and TiN-TPS surfaces was found. CONCLUSIONS TiN coating showed to modify the topographical characteristics of TPS titanium surfaces and to significantly reduce bacterial adhesion and proliferation, although maintaining their biological affinity towards bone cell precursors.
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Shin DH, Shokuhfar T, Choi CK, Lee SH, Friedrich C. Wettability changes of TiO2 nanotube surfaces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:315704. [PMID: 21727317 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/31/315704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the effect of environmental and experimental conditions, such as temperature and time, on the wettability properties of titania nanotube (TNT) surfaces fabricated by anodization. The fabricated TNTs are 60-130 nm inner diameter and 7-10 µm height. One-microliter water droplets were used to define the wettability of the TNT surfaces by measuring the contact angles. A digital image analysis algorithm was developed to obtain contact angles, contact radii and center heights of the droplets on the TNT surfaces. Bare titanium foil is inherently less hydrophilic with approximately 60°-80° contact angle. The as-anodized TNT surfaces are more hydrophilic and annealing further increases this hydrophilic property. Furthermore, it was found that the TNT surface became more hydrophobic when aged in air over a period of three months. It is believed that the surface wettability can be changed due to alkane contamination and organic contaminants in an ambient atmosphere. This work can provide guidelines to better specify the environmental conditions that changes surface properties of TNT surfaces and therefore affect their desirable function in specific applications such as orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hwan Shin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Functional Coatings or Films for Hard-Tissue Applications. MATERIALS 2010; 3:3994-4050. [PMID: 28883319 PMCID: PMC5445792 DOI: 10.3390/ma3073994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metallic biomaterials like stainless steel, Co-based alloy, Ti and its alloys are widely used as artificial hip joints, bone plates and dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties and endurance. However, there are some surface-originated problems associated with the metallic implants: corrosion and wear in biological environments resulting in ions release and formation of wear debris; poor implant fixation resulting from lack of osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity; implant-associated infections due to the bacterial adhesion and colonization at the implantation site. For overcoming these surface-originated problems, a variety of surface modification techniques have been used on metallic implants, including chemical treatments, physical methods and biological methods. This review surveys coatings that serve to provide properties of anti-corrosion and anti-wear, biocompatibility and bioactivity, and antibacterial activity.
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Abstract
Among various dental materials and their successful applications, a dental implant is a good example of the integrated system of science and technology involved in multiple disciplines including surface chemistry and physics, biomechanics, from macro-scale to nano-scale manufacturing technologies and surface engineering. As many other dental materials and devices, there are crucial requirements taken upon on dental implants systems, since surface of dental implants is directly in contact with vital hard/soft tissue and is subjected to chemical as well as mechanical bio-environments. Such requirements should, at least, include biological compatibility, mechanical compatibility, and morphological compatibility to surrounding vital tissues. In this review, based on carefully selected about 500 published articles, these requirements plus MRI compatibility are firstly reviewed, followed by surface texturing methods in details. Normally dental implants are placed to lost tooth/teeth location(s) in adult patients whose skeleton and bony growth have already completed. However, there are some controversial issues for placing dental implants in growing patients. This point has been, in most of dental articles, overlooked. This review, therefore, throws a deliberate sight on this point. Concluding this review, we are proposing a novel implant system that integrates materials science and up-dated surface technology to improve dental implant systems exhibiting bio- and mechano-functionalities.
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Yi KJ, Kim SG, Moon SY, Lim SC, Son JS, Kim CG, Chung K. Vertical distraction osteogenesis using a titanium nitride-coated distractor. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2009; 107:e5-9. [PMID: 19426907 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Revised: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of using a titanium nitride (TiN)-coated vertical distractor on osseointegration after implantation. STUDY DESIGN Four adult mongrel dogs, weighing 9-10 kg, were used in this study. The lower premolars were extracted, and vertical distraction was performed after 10 weeks using 8 distraction devices (left, 4 titanium; right, 4 nitrified). A 7-day latency period was allowed before distraction began. The distraction device was activated at a rate of 0.5 mm twice a day for 5 days. After completing distraction, the device was removed after a consolidation period of 6 weeks and 24 implants were installed. The dogs were killed after 4 or 8 weeks. Histologic examinations were performed. RESULTS The implant success rate was 100% in all of the study groups. Direct bone contact was achieved, and there were no significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the implantation area. CONCLUSION The results suggested that the nitrified distraction device does not negatively affect osseointegration in the vertical distraction osteogenesis; therefore, it has the advantageous potential to substitute for the conventional distractor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye-Joon Yi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, GwangJu City, South Korea
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Hyde GK, McCullen SD, Jeon S, Stewart SM, Jeon H, Loboa EG, Parsons GN. Atomic layer deposition and biocompatibility of titanium nitride nano-coatings on cellulose fiber substrates. Biomed Mater 2009; 4:025001. [PMID: 19208941 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/4/2/025001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is investigated as a process to produce inorganic metallic bio-adhesive coatings on cellulosic fiber substrates. The atomic layer deposition technique is known to be capable of forming highly conformal and uniform inorganic thin film coatings on a variety of complex surfaces, and this work presents an initial investigation of ALD on porous substrate materials to produce high-precision biocompatible titanium oxynitride coatings. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed TiNOx composition, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed the coatings to be uniform and conformal on the fiber surfaces. Biocompatibility of the modified structures was determined as a function of coating layer thickness by fluorescent live/dead staining of human adipose-derived adult stem cells (hADSC) at 6, 12 and 24 h. Cell adhesion showed that thin TiNOx coatings yielded the highest number of cells after 24 h with a sample coated with a 20 A coating having approximately 28.4 +/- 3.50 ng DNA. By altering the thickness of the deposited film, it was possible to control the amount of cells adhered to the samples. This work demonstrates the potential of low temperature ALD as a surface modification technique to produce biocompatible cellulose and other implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Hyde
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Annunziata M, Guida L, Perillo L, Aversa R, Passaro I, Oliva A. Biological response of human bone marrow stromal cells to sandblasted titanium nitride-coated implant surfaces. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:3585-3591. [PMID: 18629617 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Titanium nitride (TiN) coating has been proposed as an adjunctive surface treatment aimed to increase the physico-mechanical and aesthetic properties of dental implants. In this study we investigated the biological response of primary human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) to TiN-coated sandblasted (TiN-SB) compared to uncoated sandblasted (SB) surfaces. SB and TiN-SB disks were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by atomic force microscopy. BMSC were obtained from healthy donors and their adhesion and proliferation on the titanium disks were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and viability assay. The osteoblastic differentiation, in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin synthesis, and extracellular mineralization, was assessed by specific immunoenzymatic or spectrophotometric assays. No difference (P > 0.05) between TiN-SB and SB disks was found in terms of any of the investigated parameters. TiN-coating showed to maintain the topographical characteristics of sandblasted titanium surfaces and their biological affinity toward bone precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Annunziata
- Department of Odontostomatological, Orthodontic and Surgical Disciplines, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio, 6, 80138, Naples, Italy
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