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Printzell L, Reseland JE, Edin NFJ, Ellingsen JE, Tiainen H. Backscatter from therapeutic doses of ionizing irradiation does not impair cell migration on titanium implants in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5073-5082. [PMID: 37410152 PMCID: PMC10492688 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The influence of radiation backscatter from titanium on DNA damage and migration capacity of human osteoblasts (OBs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be critical for the osseointegration of dental implants placed prior to radiotherapy. In order to evaluate effects of radiation backscatter, the immediate DNA damage and migration capacity of OBs and MSCs cultured on titanium or plastic were compared after exposure to ionizing irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human OBs and MSCs were seeded on machined titanium, moderately rough fluoride-modified titanium, or tissue culture polystyrene, and irradiated with nominal doses of 2, 6, 10, or 14 Gy. Comet assay was performed immediately after irradiation, while a scratch wound healing assay was initiated 24 h post-irradiation. Fluorescent live cell imaging documented the migration. RESULTS DNA damage increased with higher dose and with backscatter from titanium, and MSCs were significantly more affected than OBs. All doses of radiation accelerated the cell migration on plastic, while only the highest dose of 10 Gy inhibited the migration of both cell types on titanium. CONCLUSIONS High doses (10 Gy) of radiation inhibited the migration capacity of both cell types on titanium, whereas lower doses (2 and 6 Gy) did not affect the migration of either OBs or MSCs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Fractionated doses of 2 Gy/day, as distributed in conventional radiotherapy, appear not to cause severe DNA damage or disturb the migration of OBs or MSCs during osseointegration of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Printzell
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO box 1109, 0317, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Janne Elin Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jan Eirik Ellingsen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO box 1109, 0317, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Tiainen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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van Hengel IAJ, Laçin M, Minneboo M, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Apachitei I, Zadpoor AA. The effects of plasma electrolytically oxidized layers containing Sr and Ca on the osteogenic behavior of selective laser melted Ti6Al4V porous implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112074. [PMID: 33947566 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surface biofunctionalization is frequently applied to enhance the functionality and longevity of orthopedic implants. Here, we investigated the osteogenic effects of additively manufactured porous Ti6Al4V implants whose surfaces were biofunctionalized using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in Ca/P-based electrolytes with or without strontium. Various levels of Sr and Ca were incorporated in the oxide layers by using different current densities and oxidation times. Increasing the current density and oxidation time resulted in thicker titanium oxide layers and enhanced the release of Ca2+ and Sr2+. Biofunctionalization with strontium resulted in enhanced pore density, a thinner TiO2 layer, four-fold reduced release of Ca2+, and mainly anatase phases as compared to implants biofunctionalized in electrolytes containing solely Ca/P species under otherwise similar conditions. Different current densities and oxidation times significantly increased the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on implants biofunctionalized with strontium, when the PEO treatment was performed with a current density of 20 A/dm2 for 5 and 10 min as well as for a current density of 40 A/dm2 for 5 min. Therefore, addition of Sr in the PEO electrolyte and control of the PEO processing parameters represent a promising way to optimize the surface morphology and osteogenic activity of future porous AM implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A J van Hengel
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands.
| | - M Laçin
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - M Minneboo
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - L E Fratila-Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - I Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - A A Zadpoor
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
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van Hengel I, Gelderman F, Athanasiadis S, Minneboo M, Weinans H, Fluit A, van der Eerden B, Fratila-Apachitei L, Apachitei I, Zadpoor A. Functionality-packed additively manufactured porous titanium implants. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100060. [PMID: 32577614 PMCID: PMC7305382 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The holy grail of orthopedic implant design is to ward off both aseptic and septic loosening for long enough that the implant outlives the patient. Questing this holy grail is feasible only if orthopedic biomaterials possess a long list of functionalities that enable them to discharge the onerous task of permanently replacing the native bone tissue. Here, we present a rationally designed and additive manufacturing (AM) topologically ordered porous metallic biomaterial that is made from Ti-6Al-4V using selective laser melting and packs most (if not all) of the required functionalities into a single implant. In addition to presenting a fully interconnected porous structure and form-freedom that enables realization of patient-specific implants, the biomaterials developed here were biofunctionalized using plasma electrolytic oxidation to locally release both osteogenic (i.e. strontium) and antibacterial (i.e. silver ions) agents. The same single-step biofunctionalization process also incorporated hydroxyapatite into the surface of the implants. Our measurements verified the continued release of both types of active agents up to 28 days. Assessment of the antibacterial activity in vitro and in an ex vivo murine model demonstrated extraordinarily high levels of bactericidal effects against a highly virulent and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain (i.e. USA300) with total eradication of both planktonic and adherent bacteria. This strong antibacterial behavior was combined with a significantly enhanced osteogenic behavior, as evidenced by significantly higher levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity compared with non-biofunctionalized implants. Finally, we discovered synergistic antibacterial behavior between strontium and silver ions, meaning that 4-32 folds lower concentrations of silver ions were required to achieve growth inhibition and total killing of bacteria. The functionality-packed biomaterial presented here demonstrates a unique combination of functionalities that make it an advanced prototype of future orthopedic biomaterials where implants will outlive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.A.J. van Hengel
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - F.S.A. Gelderman
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - S. Athanasiadis
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - M. Minneboo
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - H. Weinans
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A.C. Fluit
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - L.E. Fratila-Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - I. Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - A.A. Zadpoor
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
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Zhu J, Tian X, Xiao Y, Tian L, Gao B, Chen J. Biocompatibility Evaluation of Titanium Produced by Laser Rapid Forming. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.25.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juanfang Zhu
- Stomatology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Xueli Tian
- Stomatology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Yan Xiao
- Stomatology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Liping Tian
- Stomatology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Cheng Y, Zhao X, Liu X, Sun W, Ren H, Gao B, Wu J. Antibacterial activity and biological performance of a novel antibacterial coating containing a halogenated furanone compound loaded poly(L-lactic acid) nanoparticles on microarc-oxidized titanium. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:727-37. [PMID: 25632231 PMCID: PMC4304594 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s75706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium implants have been widely used for many medical applications, but bacterial infection after implant surgery remains one of the most common and intractable complications. To this end, long-term antibacterial ability of the implant surface is highly desirable to prevent implant-associated infection. In this study, a novel antibacterial coating containing a new antibacterial agent, (Z-)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone loaded poly(L-lactic acid) nanoparticles, was fabricated on microarc-oxidized titanium for this purpose. The antibacterial coating produced a unique inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus throughout a 60-day study period, which is normally long enough to prevent the infection around implants in the early and intermediate stages. The antibacterial rate for adherent S. aureus was about 100% in the first 10 days and constantly remained over 90% in the following 20 days. Fluorescence staining of adherent S. aureus also confirmed the excellent antibacterial ability of the antibacterial coating. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed an enhanced osteoblast adhesion and proliferation on the antibacterial coating, and more notable cell spread was observed at the early stage. It is therefore concluded that the fabricated antibacterial coating, which exhibits relatively long-term antibacterial ability and excellent biological performance, is a potential and promising strategy to prevent implant-associated infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China ; Department of Stomatology, Jingdu Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Jingdu Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weige Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Jingdu Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Feng YF, Wang CT, Li GC, Lei W, Zhang ZY, Wang L. Evaluation of biological properties of electron beam melted Ti6Al4V implant with biomimetic coating in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52049. [PMID: 23272208 PMCID: PMC3525565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High strength porous titanium implants are widely used for the reconstruction of craniofacial defects because of their similar mechanical properties to those of bone. The recent introduction of electron beam melting (EBM) technique allows a direct digitally enabled fabrication of patient specific porous titanium implants, whereas both their in vitro and in vivo biological performance need further investigation. Methods In the present study, we fabricated porous Ti6Al4V implants with controlled porous structure by EBM process, analyzed their mechanical properties, and conducted the surface modification with biomimetic approach. The bioactivities of EBM porous titanium in vitro and in vivo were evaluated between implants with and without biomimetic apatite coating. Results The physical property of the porous implants, containing the compressive strength being 163 - 286 MPa and the Young’s modulus being 14.5–38.5 GPa, is similar to cortical bone. The in vitro culture of osteoblasts on the porous Ti6Al4V implants has shown a favorable circumstance for cell attachment and proliferation as well as cell morphology and spreading, which were comparable with the implants coating with bone-like apatite. In vivo, histological analysis has obtained a rapid ingrowth of bone tissue from calvarial margins toward the center of bone defect in 12 weeks. We observed similar increasing rate of bone ingrowth and percentage of bone formation within coated and uncoated implants, all of which achieved a successful bridging of the defect in 12 weeks after the implantation. Conclusions This study demonstrated that the EBM porous Ti6Al4V implant not only reduced the stress-shielding but also exerted appropriate osteoconductive properties, as well as the apatite coated group. The results opened up the possibility of using purely porous titanium alloy scaffolds to reconstruct specific bone defects in the maxillofacial and orthopedic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Fei Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cheng-Tao Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Chen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (ZYZ)
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (ZYZ)
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Zheng Y, Li J, Liu X, Sun J. Antimicrobial and osteogenic effect of Ag-implanted titanium with a nanostructured surface. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:875-84. [PMID: 22393287 PMCID: PMC3289444 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s28450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ag-implanted titanium with a nanostructured surface was prepared by hydrothermal treatment with H(2)O(2) followed by Ag plasma immersion ion implantation. Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans were chosen for antimicrobial tests. Genes related to microbial structure or adhesion, namely glucan-binding proteins B (GbpB), fimbria protein A (FimA), and agglutinin-like sequence4 (Als4), were examined. The osteoblast's attachment, viability, and quantitative analysis of osteogenic gene expression (Alp, Ocn, RunX2) on titanium surfaces were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that Ag nanoparticles of approximately 10 nm were incorporated on the nanostructured surface of titanium after Ag plasma immersion ion implantation. Trials showed that 93.99% of S. mutans, 93.57% of P. g, and 89.78% of C. albicans were killed on the Ag-implanted titanium with a nanostructured surface. Gene expressions from the three microorganisms confirmed the antimicrobial activities of the Ag-implanted titanium with a nanostructured surface. Furthermore, the adhesive images and viability assays indicated that the Ag-implanted titanium with a nanostructured surface did not impair osteoblasts. The expressions of osteoblast phenotype genes in cells grown on the Ag-implanted titanium surface were significantly increased. The results of this study suggest that the Ag-implanted titanium with a nanostructured surface displays good antimicrobial properties, reducing gene expressions of microorganisms, and excellent cell adhesion and osteogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zheng
- Shanghai Biomaterials Research and Testing Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
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