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Kumar R, Santa Chalarca CF, Bockman MR, Bruggen CV, Grimme CJ, Dalal RJ, Hanson MG, Hexum JK, Reineke TM. Polymeric Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11527-11652. [PMID: 33939409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The advent of genome editing has transformed the therapeutic landscape for several debilitating diseases, and the clinical outlook for gene therapeutics has never been more promising. The therapeutic potential of nucleic acids has been limited by a reliance on engineered viral vectors for delivery. Chemically defined polymers can remediate technological, regulatory, and clinical challenges associated with viral modes of gene delivery. Because of their scalability, versatility, and exquisite tunability, polymers are ideal biomaterial platforms for delivering nucleic acid payloads efficiently while minimizing immune response and cellular toxicity. While polymeric gene delivery has progressed significantly in the past four decades, clinical translation of polymeric vehicles faces several formidable challenges. The aim of our Account is to illustrate diverse concepts in designing polymeric vectors towards meeting therapeutic goals of in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy. Here, we highlight several classes of polymers employed in gene delivery and summarize the recent work on understanding the contributions of chemical and architectural design parameters. We touch upon characterization methods used to visualize and understand events transpiring at the interfaces between polymer, nucleic acids, and the physiological environment. We conclude that interdisciplinary approaches and methodologies motivated by fundamental questions are key to designing high-performing polymeric vehicles for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | - Matthew R Bockman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Craig Van Bruggen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian J Grimme
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rishad J Dalal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mckenna G Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Joseph K Hexum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Tsuchiya A, Kang JH, Mori T, Naritomi Y, Kushio S, Niidome T, Tachibana K, Takahashi Y, Negishi Y, Oda Y, Suzuki R, Maruyama K, Katayama Y. Efficient delivery of signal-responsive gene carriers for disease-specific gene expression via bubble liposomes and sonoporation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 160:60-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Toita R, Kang JH, Kim CW, Shiosaki S, Mori T, Niidome T, Katayama Y. Effect of peptide content on the regulation of transgene expression by protein kinase Cα-responsive linear polyethylenimine-peptide conjugates. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:123-9. [PMID: 25270730 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined a series of linear polyethylenimine (LPEI)-based nanocarriers that activate transgene expression in response to cancer-specific protein kinase Cα (PKCα). Eight types of LPEI-peptide conjugate differing in peptide content and number were synthesized using click chemistry. The conjugates could form polyplexes with pDNA through electrostatic interaction, but the degree of pDNA condensation, sizes, and surface charges of the resulting polyplexes depended on the pendant-peptide content and number. None of the polyplexes showed significant cytotoxicity toward human hepatoma cells (HepG2). Furthermore, pendant peptide content and number markedly affected transgene activation in response to PKCα. To achieve an all-or-none response to PKCα, we determined the optimum peptide content and number in LPEI-peptide conjugates as ≈6 mol% and ≈40 peptides/conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riki Toita
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jeong-Hun Kang
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Chan Woo Kim
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shujiro Shiosaki
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; International Research Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Zhao GX, Tanaka H, Kim CW, Li K, Funamoto D, Nobori T, Nakamura Y, Niidome T, Kishimura A, Mori T, Katayama Y. Histidinylated poly-L-lysine-based vectors for cancer-specific gene expression via enhancing the endosomal escape. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2014; 25:519-34. [PMID: 24460548 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.879562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized a series of poly-L-lysine (PLL)-based polymers for gene delivery, by modifying the PLL with both cationic peptide and histidine. The peptide moieties serve as cationic centers for polyplex formation, and also as substrates for protein kinase Cα (PKCα), which is specifically activated in many types of cancer cells, to achieve cancer-specific gene expression. The histidine groups serve as buffering moieties to increase the ability of the plasmid DNA (pDNA)-polymer complex (polyplex) to escape the endosome and thus to promote expression of the pDNA in the transfected cells. The facile synthesis of the polymers proceeded by modifying the PLL with side-group-protected peptide and protected histidine, followed by deprotection of the functional groups. The synthesized polymers showed significant buffering capacity over the neutral to acidic pH range and showed less cytotoxicity in vitro compared with histidine-unmodified polymers. The polyplexes successfully showed PKCα-responsive gene expression immediately after their introduction into cancer cells and the gene expression continued for at least 24 h. These PLL-based carriers thus show promise for cancer-targeted gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Xi Zhao
- a Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
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Murata M, Narahara S, Umezaki K, Toita R, Tabata S, Piao JS, Abe K, Kang JH, Ohuchida K, Cui L, Hashizume M. Liver cell specific targeting by the preS1 domain of hepatitis B virus surface antigen displayed on protein nanocages. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4353-62. [PMID: 22927755 PMCID: PMC3420599 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s31365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein nanocages are self-organized complexes of oligomers whose three-dimensional architecture can been determined in detail. These structures possess nanoscale inner cavities into which a variety of molecules, including therapeutic or diagnostic agents, can be encapsulated. These properties yield these particles suitable for a new class of drug delivery carrier, or as a bioimaging reagent that might respond to biochemical signals in many different cellular processes. We report here the design, synthesis, and biological characterization of a hepatocyte-specific nanocage carrying small heat-shock protein. These nanoscale protein cages, with a targeting peptide composed of a preS1 derivative from the hepatitis B virus on their surfaces, were prepared by genetic engineering techniques. PreS1-carrying nanocages showed lower cytotoxicity and significantly higher specificity for human hepatocyte cell lines than other cell lines in vitro. These results suggested that small heat-shock protein-based nanocages present great potential for the development of effective targeted delivery of various agents to specific cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Murata
- Department of Advanced Medical Initiatives, Faculty of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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