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Liu H, Chen H, Han Q, Sun B, Liu Y, Zhang A, Fan D, Xia P, Wang J. Recent advancement in vascularized tissue-engineered bone based on materials design and modification. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100858. [PMID: 38024843 PMCID: PMC10679779 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most vascular network-rich tissues in the body and the vascular system is essential for the development, homeostasis, and regeneration of bone. When segmental irreversible damage occurs to the bone, restoring its vascular system by means other than autogenous bone grafts with vascular pedicles is a therapeutic challenge. By pre-generating the vascular network of the scaffold in vivo or in vitro, the pre-vascularization technique enables an abundant blood supply in the scaffold after implantation. However, pre-vascularization techniques are time-consuming, and in vivo pre-vascularization techniques can be damaging to the body. Critical bone deficiencies may be filled quickly with immediate implantation of a supporting bone tissue engineered scaffold. However, bone tissue engineered scaffolds generally lack vascularization, which requires modification of the scaffold to aid in enhancing internal vascularization. In this review, we summarize the relationship between the vascular system and osteogenesis and use it as a basis to further discuss surgical and cytotechnology-based pre-vascularization strategies and to describe the preparation of vascularized bone tissue engineered scaffolds that can be implanted immediately. We anticipate that this study will serve as inspiration for future vascularized bone tissue engineered scaffold construction and will aid in the achievement of clinical vascularized bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Qin Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Danyang Fan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
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2
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Al‐allaq AA, Kashan JS. A review: In vivo studies of bioceramics as bone substitute materials. NANO SELECT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Al‐allaq
- Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Office Reconstruction and Projects Baghdad Iraq
| | - Jenan S. Kashan
- Biomedical Engineering Department University of Technology Baghdad Iraq
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Shi F, Fang X, Zhou T, Huang X, Duan K, Wang J, Qu S, Zhi W, Weng J. Macropore Regulation of Hydroxyapatite Osteoinduction via Microfluidic Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911459. [PMID: 36232757 PMCID: PMC9570064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroporous characteristics have been shown to play a key role in the osteoinductivity of hydroxyapatite ceramics, but the physics underlying the new bone formation and distribution in such scaffolds still remain elusive. The work here has emphasized the osteoinductive capacity of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds containing different macroporous sizes (200–400 μm, 1200–1500 μm) and geometries (star shape, spherical shape). The assumption is that both the size and shape of a macropore structure may affect the microfluidic pathways in the scaffolds, which results in the different bone formations and distribution. Herein, a mathematical model and an animal experiment were proposed to support this hypothesis. The results showed that the porous scaffolds with the spherical macropores and large pore sizes (1200–1500 μm) had higher new bone production and more uniform new bone distribution than others. A finite element analysis suggested that the macropore shape affected the distribution of the medium–high velocity flow field, while the macropore size effected microfluid speed and the value of the shear stress in the scaffolds. Additionally, the result of scaffolds implanted into the dorsal muscle having a higher new bone mass than the abdominal cavity suggested that the mechanical load of the host tissue could play a key role in the microfluidic pathway mechanism. All these findings suggested that the osteoinduction of these scaffolds depends on both the microfluid velocity and shear stress generated by the macropore size and shape. This study, therefore, provides new insights into the inherent osteoinductive mechanisms of bioceramics, and may offer clues toward a rational design of bioceramic scaffolds with improved osteoinductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Collaboration and Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Teng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Ke Duan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuxin Qu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wei Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (J.W.)
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Huang H, Yang A, Li J, Sun T, Yu S, Lu X, Guo T, Duan K, Zheng P, Weng J. Preparation of multigradient hydroxyapatite scaffolds and evaluation of their osteoinduction properties. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac001. [PMID: 35529045 PMCID: PMC9071058 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds are often used as bone repair materials, owing to their good biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and low cost. Vascularization and osteoinductivity of porous HA scaffolds were limited in clinical application, and these disadvantages were need to be improved urgently. We used water-in-oil gelation and pore former methods to prepare HA spheres and a porous cylindrical HA container, respectively. The prepared HA spheres were filled in container to assemble into composite scaffold. By adjusting the solid content of the slurry (solid mixture of chitin sol and HA powder) and the sintering temperature, the porosity and crystallinity of the HA spheres could be significantly improved; and mineralization of the HA spheres significantly improved the biological activity of the composite scaffold. The multigradient (porosity, crystallinity and mineralization) scaffold (HA-700) filled with the mineralized HA spheres exhibited a lower compressive strength; however, in vivo results showed that their vascularization ability were higher than those of other groups, and their osteogenic Gini index (Go: an index of bone mass, and inversely proportional to bone mass) showed a continuous decrease with the implantation time. This study provides a new method to improve porous HA scaffolds and meet the demands of bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
| | - Anchun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
| | - Jinsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
| | - Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
| | - Shangke Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
| | - Xiong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
| | - Tailin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
| | - Ke Duan
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008 P.R. China
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 P.R. China
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Sakemi Y, Hayashi K, Tsuchiya A, Nakashima Y, Ishikawa K. Reconstruction of critical-size segmental defects in rat femurs using carbonate apatite honeycomb scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:1613-1622. [PMID: 33644971 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Critical-size segmental defects are formidable challenges in orthopedic surgery. Various scaffolds have been developed to facilitate bone reconstruction within such defects. Many previously studied scaffolds achieved effective outcomes with a combination of high cost, high-risk growth factors or stem cells. Herein, we developed honeycomb scaffolds (HCSs) comprising carbonate apatite (CO3 Ap) containing 8% carbonate, identical to human bone composition. The CO3 Ap HCSs were white-columned blocks harboring regularly arranged macropore channels of a size and wall thickness of 156 ± 5 μm and 102 ± 10 μm, respectively. The compressive strengths of the HCSs parallel and perpendicular to the macropore channel direction were 51.0 ± 11.8 and 15.6 ± 2.2 MPa, respectively. The HCSs were grafted into critical-sized segmental defects in rat femurs. The HCSs bore high-load stresses without any observed breakage. Two-weeks post-implantation, calluses formed around the HCSs and immature bone formed in the HCS interior. The calluses and immature bone matured until 8 weeks via endochondral ossification. At 12 weeks post-implantation, large parts of the HCSs were gradually replaced by newly formed bone. The bone reconstruction efficacy of the CO3 Ap HCSs alone was comparable to that of protein and cell scaffolds, while achieving a lower cost and increased safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Sakemi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuchiya
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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6
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Li J, Xu T, Hou W, Liu F, Qing W, Huang L, Ma G, Mu Y, Weng J. The response of host blood vessels to graded distribution of macro-pores size in the process of ectopic osteogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110641. [PMID: 32228974 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is of great importance to bone regeneration, but it remains a significant challenge to induce sufficient angiogenesis and osteogenesis within bone grafts for large bone defect healing. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold via a novel graded pore distribution approach on vascularization and osteoinduction. Two types of graded porous scaffolds were fabricated by sugar templates-leaching techniques: (1) one with large pores of 1100-1250 μm in the center and small pores of 500-650 μm at the periphery (HALS); (2) the other with small pores of 500-650 μm in the center and large pores of 1100-1250 μm at the periphery (HASL). In vivo data showed different pore size distribution had a remarkable impact on blood vessel formation during bone formation, which led to distinct localization of new bone within the defects. After one month of implantation, the diameters of the blood vessels infiltrated on the periphery of HASL were substantially larger than those in the center though the host blood vessels were successful in infiltrating throughout the whole scaffold. In contrast, vascularization within HALS appeared to be poor with very few blood vessels formed in the center, indicating heterogeneous vascularization in the scaffolds. After 3 months of implantation, we found that HASL induced more homogeneous bone formation in the whole bone graft but new bone was only found at the periphery of HALS. This study suggests that the pores size distribution in graded scaffolds cannot only affected early stage vascularization, but also influence late stage bone formation and remodeling. The architecture of larger pores at the periphery of graded scaffold may be capable of enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis during large size bone defect healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China; WuXi AppTec (Chengdu) Co. Ltd., Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Taotao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Wenqing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Guangyuan First People's Hospital, Guangyuan 628000, PR China
| | - Wei Qing
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Gang Ma
- Guangyuan First People's Hospital, Guangyuan 628000, PR China
| | - Yandong Mu
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China.
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China.
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7
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Lan W, Zhang X, Xu M, Zhao L, Huang D, Wei X, Chen W. Carbon nanotube reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/biphasic calcium phosphate scaffold for bone tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2019; 9:38998-39010. [PMID: 35540653 PMCID: PMC9075967 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08569f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a well-developed porous carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/biphasic calcium phosphate (PVA/BCP) scaffold was fabricated by a freeze-thawing and freeze-drying method. The microstructure, mechanical properties and the composition of the scaffolds were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results illustrate that after the incorporation of CNTs, the compressive strength of the hydrogels (moisture state) reached 81 ± 6 kPa, presenting a significantly higher value than that of pure PVA/BCP hydrogels (48 ± 2 kPa). Meanwhile, CNT reinforced PVA/BCP scaffolds exhibited a porous structure and high interconnectivity (80 ± 0.6%). The degradation analysis indicated that the degradation ratio of scaffolds can be varied by changing the concentrations of BCP powders and CNTs. Cell culture results show that PVA/BCP/CNT porous scaffolds have no negative effects on the survival and proliferation of cells. These results strongly show that the composite scaffolds may possess a potential application in the field of bone tissue engineering and regeneration. In this paper, a well-developed porous carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/biphasic calcium phosphate (PVA/BCP) scaffold was fabricated by a freeze-thawing and freeze-drying method.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Lan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine
- College of Biomedical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine
- College of Biomedical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
| | - Mengjie Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine
- College of Biomedical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
| | - Liqin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine
- College of Biomedical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine
- College of Biomedical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine
- College of Biomedical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
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Zhang B, Li H, He L, Han Z, Zhou T, Zhi W, Lu X, Lu X, Weng J. Surface-decorated hydroxyapatite scaffold with on-demand delivery of dexamethasone and stromal cell derived factor-1 for enhanced osteogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 89:355-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Chen Y, Wang J, Zhu X, Chen X, Yang X, Zhang K, Fan Y, Zhang X. The directional migration and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells toward vascular endothelial cells stimulated by biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic. Regen Biomater 2018; 5:129-139. [PMID: 29977596 PMCID: PMC6007427 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbx028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoinductivity of porous calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics has been widely investigated and confirmed, and it might be attributed to the rapid formation of the vascular networks after in vivo implantation of the ceramics. In this study, to explore the vascularization mechanism within the CaP ceramics, the migration and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under the stimulation of porous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic with excellent osteoinductivity were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the directional migration of BMSCs toward BCP ceramic occurred when evaluated by using a transwell model, and the BMSCs migration was enhanced by the seeded macrophages on the ceramic in advance. Besides, by directly culturing BMSCs on BCP ceramic discs under both in vitro and in vivo physiological environment, it was found that the differentiation of BMSCs toward vascular endothelial cells (VECs) happened under the stimulation of BCP ceramic, as was confirmed by the up-regulated gene expressions and protein secretions of VECs-related characteristic factors, including kinase insert domain receptor, von willebrand factor, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and cadherin 5 in the BMSCs. This study offered a possibility for explaining the origin of VECs during the rapid vascularization process after in vivo implantation of porous CaP ceramics and could give some useful guidance to reveal the vascularization mechanism of the ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xuening Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Xu A, Zhuang C, Xu S, He F, Xie L, Yang X, Gou Z. Optimized Bone Regeneration in Calvarial Bone Defect Based on Biodegradation-Tailoring Dual-shell Biphasic Bioactive Ceramic Microspheres. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3385. [PMID: 29467439 PMCID: PMC5821854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21778-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioceramic particulates capable of filling bone defects have gained considerable interest over the last decade. Herein, dual-shell bioceramic microspheres (CaP@CaSi@CaP, CaSi@CaP@CaSi) with adjustable beta-tricalcium phosphate (CaP) and beta-calcium silicate (CaSi) distribution were fabricated using a co-concentric capillary system enabling bone repair via a tailorable biodegradation process. The in vitro results showed the optimal concentration (1/16 of 200 mg/ml) of extracts of dual-shell microspheres could promote bone marrow mesenchymal cell (BMSC) proliferation and enhance the level of ALP activity and Alizarin Red staining. The in vivo bone repair and microsphere biodegradation in calvarial bone defects were compared using micro-computed tomography and histological evaluations. The results indicated the pure CaP microspheres were minimally resorbed at 18 weeks post-operatively and new bone tissue was limited; however, the dual-shell microspheres were appreciably biodegraded with time in accordance with the priority from CaSi to CaP in specific layers. The CaSi@CaP@CaSi group showed a significantly higher ability to promote bone regeneration than the CaP@CaSi@CaP group. This study indicates that the biphasic microspheres with adjustable composition distribution are promising for tailoring material degradation and bone regeneration rate, and such versatile design strategy is thought to fabricate various advanced biomaterials with tailorable biological performances for bone reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antian Xu
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Chen Zhuang
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shuxin Xu
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Fuming He
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Lijun Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated hospital, School of Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xianyan Yang
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhongru Gou
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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11
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Pan Z, Jiang P, Xue S, Wang T, Li H, Wang J. Repair of a critical-size segmental rabbit femur defect using bioglass-β-TCP monoblock, a vascularized periosteal flap and BMP-2. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:2148-2156. [PMID: 29024418 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Various synthetic bone substitutes are not suitable for reconstructing critical-size bone defects. This study tested whether a bioglass-β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) monoblock is effective for repairing critical-size segmental bone defects if combined with a vascularized periosteal flap and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2. A femoral osteotomy with a gap size of 20 mm was created and stabilized using a plate in 40 rabbits.The defect was left untreated (group A) or repaired using a monoblock (group B), a monoblock with a vascularized periosteal flap (group C), or a monoblock with a vascularized periosteal flap and BMP-2 (group D). Bone regeneration, vascularization and monoblock degradation were analyzed after four and eight weeks using x-ray, hematoxylin-eosin, CD34 immunohistochemical and Masson's trichrome staining observation and histometric evaluation. The radiographic grading score showed a time-dependent increase from weeks 4 to 8. At 8-week postoperative, the total new regenerated bone in groups C and D was 20.0 ± 0.3 and 55.5 ± 8.0 mm2 , respectively, which was significantly greater than in group B. Conversely, group D showed less residual monoblock than did group C. An increase in microvessel density was also observed in groups C and D compared with group B at 4 and 8 weeks postoperative, respectively. This study suggests that bioglass-β-TCP monoblock alone exhibits poor potential to repair a 20-mm femoral defect. However, supplementation with a vascularized periosteal flap and BMP-2 led to effective vascularization and reliable bone regeneration throughout the monoblock, with concordant material degradation in a timely manner. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2148-2156, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Pan
- Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA, 89th Hospital, 256 Beigongxijie, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA, 89th Hospital, 256 Beigongxijie, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Xue
- Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA, 89th Hospital, 256 Beigongxijie, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA, 89th Hospital, 256 Beigongxijie, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA, 89th Hospital, 256 Beigongxijie, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Orthopedics Institute of Chinese PLA, 89th Hospital, 256 Beigongxijie, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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12
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Bioreactor as a New Resource of Autologous Bone Graft to Overcome Bone Defect In Vivo. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-017-9237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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The Role of Three-Dimensional Scaffolds in Treating Long Bone Defects: Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Literature-A Systematic Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8074178. [PMID: 28852649 PMCID: PMC5567443 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8074178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long bone defects represent a clinical challenge. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been developed to overcome problems associated with conventional methods. The aim of this study was to assess the BTE strategies available in preclinical and clinical settings and the current evidence supporting this approach. A systematic literature screening was performed on PubMed database, searching for both preclinical (only on large animals) and clinical studies. The following string was used: "(Scaffold OR Implant) AND (Long bone defect OR segmental bone defect OR large bone defect OR bone loss defect)." The search retrieved a total of 1573 articles: 51 preclinical and 4 clinical studies were included. The great amount of preclinical papers published over the past few years showed promising findings in terms of radiological and histological evidence. Unfortunately, this in vivo situation is not reflected by a corresponding clinical impact, with few published papers, highly heterogeneous and with small patient populations. Several aspects should be further investigated to translate positive preclinical findings into clinical protocols: the identification of the best biomaterial, with both biological and biomechanical suitable properties, and the selection of the best choice between cells, GFs, or their combination through standardized models to be validated by randomized trials.
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Bioactive glass ceramic nanoparticles-coated poly(l-lactic acid) scaffold improved osteogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells in equine. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:565-572. [PMID: 28851519 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Horses with big bone fractures have low chance to live mainly due to the lake of a proper treatment strategy. We believe that further attempts in equine bone tissue engineering will probably be required to meet all the needs for the lesion therapies. Therefore in this study we aimed to investigate the osteogenic differentiation capacity of equine adipose-derived stem cells (e-ASCs) on nano-bioactive glass (nBGs) coated poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers scaffold (nBG-PLLA). Using electrospinning technique, PLLA scaffold was prepared successfully and coated with nBGs. Fabricated nanofibers were characterized by MTT, SEM, and FTIR analyses, and then osteogenic differentiation potential of isolated e-ASCs was investigated by the most key osteogenic markers, namely Alizarin red-S, ALP, calcium content and bone related (RUNX2, Collagen I, Osteonectin, and ALP) gene markers. Our results indicated that nBGs was successfully coated on PLLA scaffold and this scaffold had no negative (p>0.05) effect on cell growth rate as indicated by MTT assay. Moreover, e-ASCs that differentiated on nBGs-PLLA scaffold showed a higher (p<0.05) ALP activity, more (p<0.05) calcium content, and higher (p<0.05) expression of bone-related genes than that on uncoated PLLA scaffold and TCPS. According to the results, a combination of bioceramics and biopolymeric nanofibers hold valuable promising potentials to use for bone tissue engineering application and regenerative medicine.
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Wang G, Roohani-Esfahani SI, Zhang W, Lv K, Yang G, Ding X, Zou D, Cui D, Zreiqat H, Jiang X. Effects of Sr-HT-Gahnite on osteogenesis and angiogenesis by adipose derived stem cells for critical-sized calvarial defect repair. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41135. [PMID: 28106165 PMCID: PMC5247715 DOI: 10.1038/srep41135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering strategies to construct vascularized bone grafts are now attracting much attention. Strontium-hardystonite-Gahnite (Sr-HT-Gahnite) is a strong, highly porous, and biocompatible calcium silicate based bio-ceramic that contains strontium and zinc ions. Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) have been demonstrated to have the ability in promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In this study, the effects of Sr-HT-Gahnite on cell morphology, cell proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of ASCs were systematically investigated. The cell proliferation, migration and angiogenic differentiation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVECs) were studied. Beta-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (TCP/HA) bioceramic scaffolds were set as the control biomaterial. Both bio-ceramics exhibited no adverse influence on cell viability. The Sr-HT-Gahnite scaffolds promoted cell attachment and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of ASCs. The Sr-HT-Gahnite dissolution products enhanced ALP activity, matrix mineralization, and angiogenic differentiation of ASCs. They could also improve cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenic differentiation of HUVECs. Levels of in vivo bone formation with Sr-HT Gahnite were significantly higher than that for TCP/HA. The combination of Sr-HT-Gahnite and ASCs promoted both osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vivo study, compared to Sr-HT-Gahnite and TCP/HA bio-ceramics when administered alone, suggesting Sr-HT-Gahnite can act as a carrier for ASCs for construction of vascularized tissue-engineered bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Seyed-Iman Roohani-Esfahani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kaige Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Guangzheng Yang
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xun Ding
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Derong Zou
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, National Center for Translational Medicine, Collaborative Innovational Center for System Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
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Li J, Wang Q, Zhi W, Wang J, Feng B, Qu S, Mu Y, Weng J. Immobilization of salvianolic acid B-loaded chitosan microspheres distributed three-dimensionally and homogeneously on the porous surface of hydroxyapatite scaffolds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:055014. [PMID: 27716647 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/5/055014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds combined with a drug delivery system have attracted much attention for bone tissue engineering. In this study, an easy and highly efficient method was developed to immobilize salvianolic acid B (Sal B)-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres three dimensionally and homogeneously on the surface of HA scaffolds pre-coated with alginate. Porous HA scaffolds were prepared via a template-leaching process and CS microspheres (used as drug carriers) were fabricated by an emulsion method. To improve adhesion between the microspheres and HA scaffolds, alginate was used to pre-coat the porous surface of the HA scaffolds. Various concentrations of alginate were used to optimize the adhesion of Sal B-loaded CS microspheres to the scaffold surface. During the adherence process, coated HA scaffolds were immersed in an aqueous solution containing Sal B-loaded CS microspheres, followed by standing or shaking at 37 °C for a certain time. The results showed that the microspheres were solidly and homogeneously distributed on the porous surface of the alginate pre-coated HA scaffolds via electrostatic interactions. Few microspheres detached from the porous surface, even after the HA scaffolds with microspheres were treated by shaking in distilled water for as long as 7 d. Compared with the static condition, the distribution of Sal B-loaded CS microspheres on the porous surface of pre-coated HA scaffolds in the shaken condition was more homogeneous and almost unaggregated. Additionally, the compressive strength of the scaffolds coated with alginate was obviously improved. The optimal alginate coating concentration was 1% (i.e. the microstructure of the porous surfaces of the HA scaffolds was almost unchanged). The release profile of Sal B over a 30 d immersion found an initial burst release followed by a sustained release. The result of cell culture in vitro was that 1% alginate-coated scaffolds with Sal B-loaded CS microspheres obviously promoted cell proliferation after cell culture for 3 and 7 d, and cells were attached and uniformly distributed on the porous surface of the scaffolds. The strategy of incorporating drug-loaded microspheres with porous HA scaffolds could provide an excellent bone substitute for repair of bone tissue defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China
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Li J, Zhi W, Xu T, Shi F, Duan K, Wang J, Mu Y, Weng J. Ectopic osteogenesis and angiogenesis regulated by porous architecture of hydroxyapatite scaffolds with similar interconnecting structure in vivo. Regen Biomater 2016; 3:285-297. [PMID: 27699059 PMCID: PMC5043155 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The macro-pore sizes of porous scaffold play a key role for regulating ectopic osteogenesis and angiogenesis but many researches ignored the influence of interconnection between macro-pores with different sizes. In order to accurately reveal the relationship between ectopic osteogenesis and macro-pore sizes in dorsal muscle and abdominal cavities of dogs, hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds with three different macro-pore sizes of 500–650, 750–900 and 1100–1250 µm were prepared via sugar spheres-leaching process, which also had similar interconnecting structure determined by keeping the d/s ratio of interconnecting window diameter to macro-pore size constant. The permeability test showed that the seepage flow of fluid through the porous scaffolds increased with the increase of macro-pore sizes. The cell growth in three scaffolds was not affected by the macro-pore sizes. The in vivo ectopic implantation results indicated that the macro-pore sizes of HA scaffolds with the similar interconnecting structure have impact not only the speed of osteogenesis and angiogenesis but also the space distribution of newly formed bone. The scaffold with macro-pore sizes of 750–900 µm exhibited much faster angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and much more uniformly distribution of new bone than those with other macro-pore sizes. This work illustrates the importance of a suitable macro-pore sizes in HA scaffolds with the similar interconnecting structure which provides the environment for ectopic osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wei Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Taotao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Ke Duan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yandong Mu
- Dental Department, Sichuan Province People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Huang RL, Kobayashi E, Liu K, Li Q. Bone Graft Prefabrication Following the In Vivo Bioreactor Principle. EBioMedicine 2016; 12:43-54. [PMID: 27693103 PMCID: PMC5078640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Large bone defect treatment represents a great challenge due to the difficulty of functional and esthetic reconstruction. Tissue-engineered bone grafts created by in vitro manipulation of bioscaffolds, seed cells, and growth factors have been considered potential treatments for bone defect reconstruction. However, a significant gap remains between experimental successes and clinical translation. An emerging strategy for bridging this gap is using the in vivo bioreactor principle and flap prefabrication techniques. This principle focuses on using the body as a bioreactor to cultivate the traditional triad (bioscaffolds, seed cells, and growth factors) and leveraging the body's self-regenerative capacity to regenerate new tissue. Additionally, flap prefabrication techniques allow the regenerated bone grafts to be transferred as prefabricated bone flaps for bone defect reconstruction. Such a strategy has been used successfully for reconstructing critical-sized bone defects in animal models and humans. Here, we highlight this concept and provide some perspective on how to translate current knowledge into clinical practice. The in vivo bioreactor principle and flap prefabrication technique is a promising strategy for bone defect reconstruction. The in vivo bioreactor principle focuses on using the body’s self-regenerative capacity to regenerate new tissue. This strategy has been successfully used to reconstruct critical-sized bone defects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Fabrication, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
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Huang RL, Liu K, Li Q. Bone regeneration following the in vivo bioreactor principle: is in vitro manipulation of exogenous elements still needed? Regen Med 2016; 11:475-81. [PMID: 27357365 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large bone defect treatment is a key challenge due to the difficulty of functional and aesthetic reconstruction. A promising approach for bone regeneration is bone tissue engineering which is based on in vitro manipulation of seed cells, growth factors and bioscaffolds. However, many formidable conceptual and technical challenges impede clinical translation of experimental successes into clinical practices. An emerging strategy for bone regeneration is using the body as a bioreactor to cultivate the traditional triad and leveraging the body's own regenerative capacity to create new bone tissue. Based on the understanding of bone regeneration and in vivo bioreactor principle, we hypothesize that functional bone tissue may be eventually generated in vivo only using autologous costal periosteum, without participation of any exogenous elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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20
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Water dispersible hydroxyapatite nanoparticles functionalized by a family of aminoalkyl phosphates. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Yang X, Li Z. Influence of hydroxyapatite and BMP-2 on bioactivity and bone tissue formation ability of electrospun PLLA nanofibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhan Yang
- School of Optoelectronic Information, Chongqing University of Technology; Chongqing 400054 China
| | - Zhensheng Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
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