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Kuperkar K, Atanase LI, Bahadur A, Crivei IC, Bahadur P. Degradable Polymeric Bio(nano)materials and Their Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Overview and Recent Updates. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:206. [PMID: 38257005 PMCID: PMC10818796 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Degradable polymers (both biomacromolecules and several synthetic polymers) for biomedical applications have been promising very much in the recent past due to their low cost, biocompatibility, flexibility, and minimal side effects. Here, we present an overview with updated information on natural and synthetic degradable polymers where a brief account on different polysaccharides, proteins, and synthetic polymers viz. polyesters/polyamino acids/polyanhydrides/polyphosphazenes/polyurethanes relevant to biomedical applications has been provided. The various approaches for the transformation of these polymers by physical/chemical means viz. cross-linking, as polyblends, nanocomposites/hybrid composites, interpenetrating complexes, interpolymer/polyion complexes, functionalization, polymer conjugates, and block and graft copolymers, are described. The degradation mechanism, drug loading profiles, and toxicological aspects of polymeric nanoparticles formed are also defined. Biomedical applications of these degradable polymer-based biomaterials in and as wound dressing/healing, biosensors, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, etc., are highlighted. In addition, the use of such nano systems to solve current drug delivery problems is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Kuperkar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Piplod, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India;
| | - Leonard Ionut Atanase
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anita Bahadur
- Department of Zoology, Sir PT Sarvajanik College of Science, Surat 395001, Gujarat, India;
| | - Ioana Cristina Crivei
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, 700449 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Udhana-Magdalla Road, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India;
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2
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Xiao Y, Pandey K, Nicolás-Boluda A, Onidas D, Nizard P, Carn F, Lucas T, Gateau J, Martin-Molina A, Quesada-Pérez M, Del Mar Ramos-Tejada M, Gazeau F, Luo Y, Mangeney C. Synergic Thermo- and pH-Sensitive Hybrid Microgels Loaded with Fluorescent Dyes and Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles for Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54439-54457. [PMID: 36468426 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Smart microgels (μGels) made of polymeric particles doped with inorganic nanoparticles have emerged recently as promising multifunctional materials for nanomedicine applications. However, the synthesis of these hybrid materials is still a challenging task with the necessity to control several features, such as particle sizes and doping levels, in order to tailor their final properties in relation to the targeted application. We report herein an innovative modular strategy to achieve the rational design of well-defined and densely filled hybrid particles. It is based on the assembly of the different building blocks, i.e., μGels, dyes, and small gold nanoparticles (<4 nm), and the tuning of nanoparticle loading within the polymer matrix through successive incubation steps. The characterization of the final hybrid networks using UV-vis absorption, fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and small-angle X-ray scattering revealed that they uniquely combine the properties of hydrogel particles, including high loading capacity and stimuli-responsive behavior, the photoluminescent properties of dyes (rhodamine 6G, methylene blue and cyanine 7.5), and the features of gold nanoparticle assembly. Interestingly, in response to pH and temperature stimuli, the smart hybrid μGels can shrink, leading to the aggregation of the gold nanoparticles trapped inside the polymer matrix. This stimuli-responsive behavior results in plasmon band broadening and red shift toward the near-infrared region (NIR), opening promising prospects in biomedical science. Particularly, the potential of these smart hybrid nanoplatforms for photoactivated hyperthermia, photoacoustic imaging, cellular internalization, intracellular imaging, and photothermal therapy was assessed, demonstrating well controlled multimodal opportunities for theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Kartikey Pandey
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Alba Nicolás-Boluda
- CNRS Matière et Systèmes Complexes MSC, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Delphine Onidas
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Philippe Nizard
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Florent Carn
- CNRS Matière et Systèmes Complexes MSC, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Théotim Lucas
- CNRS Matière et Systèmes Complexes MSC, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
- CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, LIB, Sorbonne Université, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Jérôme Gateau
- CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, LIB, Sorbonne Université, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Alberto Martin-Molina
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, Granada18071, Spain
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, Granada18071, Spain
| | - Manuel Quesada-Pérez
- Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Linares, Universidad de Jaén, Linares, Jaén23700, Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Ramos-Tejada
- Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Linares, Universidad de Jaén, Linares, Jaén23700, Spain
| | - Florence Gazeau
- CNRS Matière et Systèmes Complexes MSC, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Yun Luo
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
| | - Claire Mangeney
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, ParisF-75006, France
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Pätzold F, Stamm N, Kamps D, Specht M, Bolduan P, Dehmelt L, Weberskirch R. Synthesis and Characterization of Cationic Hydrogels from Thiolated Copolymers for Independent Manipulation of Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Cell Substrates. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100453. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Pätzold
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Otto‐Hahn‐Str. 6 TU Dortmund University Dortmund D‐44227 Germany
| | - Nils Stamm
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Otto‐Hahn‐Str. 6 TU Dortmund University Dortmund D‐44227 Germany
| | - Dominic Kamps
- Max‐Planck‐Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto‐Hahn‐Str. 11 Dortmund D‐44227 Germany
| | - Maria Specht
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Otto‐Hahn‐Str. 6 TU Dortmund University Dortmund D‐44227 Germany
| | - Patrick Bolduan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Otto‐Hahn‐Str. 6 TU Dortmund University Dortmund D‐44227 Germany
| | - Leif Dehmelt
- Max‐Planck‐Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto‐Hahn‐Str. 11 Dortmund D‐44227 Germany
| | - Ralf Weberskirch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Otto‐Hahn‐Str. 6 TU Dortmund University Dortmund D‐44227 Germany
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Zaborniak I, Macior A, Chmielarz P, Caceres Najarro M, Iruthayaraj J. Lignin-based thermoresponsive macromolecules via vitamin-induced metal-free ATRP. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Microgels self-assembly at liquid/liquid interface as stabilizers of emulsion: Past, present & future. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 287:102333. [PMID: 33360120 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The most recent developments on Pickering emulsions deal with the design of responsive emulsions able to undergo fast destabilization under the effect of an external stimulus. In this scenario, soft colloidal particles like microgels are considered novel class suitable emulsifiers. Microgels particles self-assemblies are highly deformable at interfaces covering higher surfaces than hard particles and their interfacial behavior strongly depends on external-stimuli. Microgels are very diverse owing to the large variety of them from the point of view of possible combinations of stimuli-responsiveness and different microstructures (crosslinking density and distribution). Herein, we illustrate the use of different types of responsive microgels not only from a structural point of view but also even from physical one. For that, the effect of different microgels parameters such as internal structure and charge density on mechanical properties of the interface will be discussed.
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Ruiter FAA, Sidney LE, Kiick KL, Segal JI, Alexander C, Rose FRAJ. The electrospinning of a thermo-responsive polymer with peptide conjugates for phenotype support and extracellular matrix production of therapeutically relevant mammalian cells. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:2611-2626. [PMID: 32239020 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01965k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Current cell expansion methods for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications rely on the use of enzymatic digestion passaging and 2D platforms. However, this enzymatic treatment significantly reduces cell quality, due to the destruction of important cell-surface proteins. In addition, culture in 2D results in undesired de-differentiation of the cells caused by the lack of 3D similarity to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Research has led to the development of thermo-responsive surfaces for the continuous culture of cells. These thermo-responsive materials properties can be used to passage cells from the surface when the cell culture temperature is reduced. Here we report the development of a PLA/thermo-responsive (PDEGMA) blend 3D electrospun fibre-based scaffold to create an enzymatic-free 3D cell culture platform for the expansion of mammalian cells with the desired phenotype for clinical use. Human corneal stromal cells (hCSCs) were used as an exemplar as they have been observed to de-differentiate to an undesirable myo-fibroblastic phenotype when cultured by conventional 2D cell culture methods. Scaffolds were functionalised with a cell adherence peptide sequence GGG-YIGSR by thiol-ene chemistry to improve cell adherence and phenotype support. This was obtained by functionalising the thermo-responsive polymer with a thiol (PDEGMA/PDEGSH) by co-polymerisation. These incorporated thiols react with the norbornene acid functionalised peptide (Nor-GGG-YIGSR) under UV exposure. Presence of the thiol in the scaffold and subsequent peptide attachment on the scaffolds were confirmed by fluorescence labelling, ToF-SIMS and XPS analysis. The biocompatibility of the peptide containing scaffolds was assessed by the adhesion, proliferation and immuno-staining of hCSCs. Significant increase in hCSC adherence and proliferation was observed on the peptide containing scaffolds. Immuno-staining showed maintained expression of the desired phenotypic markers ALDH, CD34 and CD105, while showing no or low expression of the undesired phenotype marker α-SMA. This desired expression was observed to be maintained after thermo-responsive passaging and higher when cells were cultured on PLA scaffolds with 10 wt% PDEGMA/4 mol% PDEGS-Nor-GGG-YIGSR. This paper describes the fabrication and application of a first generation, biocompatible peptide conjugated thermo-responsive fibrous scaffold. The ease of fabrication, successful adherence and expansion of a therapeutically relevant cell type makes these scaffolds a promising new class of materials for the application of cell culture expansion platforms in the biomaterials and tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A A Ruiter
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK.
| | - L E Sidney
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, UK.
| | - K L Kiick
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, USA.
| | - J I Segal
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK.
| | - C Alexander
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK.
| | - F R A J Rose
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK.
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7
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Sarkar J, Chan KBJ, Goto A. Reduction-responsive double hydrophilic block copolymer nano-capsule synthesized via RCMP-PISA. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01764g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Double hydrophilic block copolymer vesicles synthesized via RCMP-PISA are degradable under a reductive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Sarkar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Kai Bin Jonathan Chan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
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8
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Lu D, Zhu M, Jin J, Saunders BR. Triply-responsive OEG-based microgels and hydrogels: regulation of swelling ratio, volume phase transition temperatures and mechanical properties. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00695a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Facile methods to coordinate swelling ratio, volume-phase transition temperatures and mechanical properties for pH-, thermal-, and cationic-responsive microgels and hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Lu
- Department of Materials
- University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Mingning Zhu
- Department of Materials
- University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Materials
- University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
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9
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Du Z, Cao G, Li K, Zhang R, Li X. Nanocomposites for the delivery of bioactive molecules in tissue repair: vital structural features, application mechanisms, updated progress and future perspectives. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10271-10289. [PMID: 33084730 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01670e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nanocomposites have attracted great attention in tissue repair as carriers for bioactive molecule delivery due to their biochemical and nanostructural similarity to that of physiological tissues, and controlled delivery of bioactive molecules. In this review, we aim to comprehensively clarify how the applications of nanocomposites for bioactive molecule delivery in tissue repair are achieved by focusing on the following aspects: (1) vital structural features (size, shape, pore, etc.) of nanocomposites that have crucial effects on the biological properties and function of bioactive molecule-delivery systems, (2) delivery performance of bioactive molecules possessing high entrapment efficiency of bioactive molecules and good controlled- and sustained-release of bioactive molecules, (3) application mechanisms of nanocomposites to deliver and release bioactive molecules in tissue repair, (4) updated research progress of nanocomposites for bioactive molecule delivery in hard and soft tissue repair, and (5) future perspectives in the development of bioactive molecule-delivery systems based on nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipo Du
- Department of Orthopedics, the Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding 072350, China
| | - Guangxiu Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Department of Research and Teaching, the Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding 072350, China.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
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10
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Ghaeini-Hesaroeiye S, Razmi Bagtash H, Boddohi S, Vasheghani-Farahani E, Jabbari E. Thermoresponsive Nanogels Based on Different Polymeric Moieties for Biomedical Applications. Gels 2020; 6:E20. [PMID: 32635573 PMCID: PMC7559285 DOI: 10.3390/gels6030020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanogels, or nanostructured hydrogels, are one of the most interesting materials in biomedical engineering. Nanogels are widely used in medical applications, such as in cancer therapy, targeted delivery of proteins, genes and DNAs, and scaffolds in tissue regeneration. One salient feature of nanogels is their tunable responsiveness to external stimuli. In this review, thermosensitive nanogels are discussed, with a focus on moieties in their chemical structure which are responsible for thermosensitivity. These thermosensitive moieties can be classified into four groups, namely, polymers bearing amide groups, ether groups, vinyl ether groups and hydrophilic polymers bearing hydrophobic groups. These novel thermoresponsive nanogels provide effective drug delivery systems and tissue regeneration constructs for treating patients in many clinical applications, such as targeted, sustained and controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan Ghaeini-Hesaroeiye
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115, Iran; (S.G.-H.); (H.R.B.)
| | - Hossein Razmi Bagtash
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115, Iran; (S.G.-H.); (H.R.B.)
| | - Soheil Boddohi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115, Iran; (S.G.-H.); (H.R.B.)
| | - Ebrahim Vasheghani-Farahani
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115, Iran; (S.G.-H.); (H.R.B.)
| | - Esmaiel Jabbari
- Biomimetic Materials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
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Gietman SW, Silva SM, Del Rosal B, Kapsa RMI, Stoddart PR, Moulton SE. Tuning drug dosing through matching optically active polymer composition and NIR stimulation parameters. Int J Pharm 2020; 575:118976. [PMID: 31857186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Controlled release is at the forefront of modern bioscience as it aims to address challenges associated with the dosing of drugs within required levels for therapeutic effect. Many materials and approaches can be used to control the release from different reservoirs including nanoparticles, liposomes and hydrogels. Using thermoresponsive hydrogels, near infrared illumination of plasmonic nanoparticles can be used to control the hydrogel through localised surface plasmon resonance heating. This work extends beyond a material level and pursues detailed examination of the drug release characteristics of a variable acrylic acid poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) coated gold nanorod system using dexamethasone as a model drug. Release was examined under different irradiation power densities and exposure times. Bulk heating effects in all stimulation protocols did not exceed the lower critical solution temperature of the system, but a marked increase in release was seen following stimulation. This was likely due to more intense heating occurring around the nanorods. A release model was established to describe the amount of drug eluted relative to input energy, suggesting that shorter irradiation periods release the drug more efficiently. The data reported establishes plasmonically modulated thermosensitive hydrogels as a candidate material that can be tailored to specific clinical applications of stimulated release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun W Gietman
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; BioFab3D@ACMD, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Blanca Del Rosal
- Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; BioFab3D@ACMD, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Paul R Stoddart
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; ARC Training Centre in Biodevices, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
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12
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Shah TV, Vasava DV. A glimpse of biodegradable polymers and their biomedical applications. E-POLYMERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2019-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOver the past two decades, biodegradable polymers (BPs) have been widely used in biomedical applications such as drug carrier, gene delivery, tissue engineering, diagnosis, medical devices, and antibacterial/antifouling biomaterials. This can be attributed to numerous factors such as chemical, mechanical and physiochemical properties of BPs, their improved processibility, functionality and sensitivity towards stimuli. The present review intended to highlight main results of research on advances and improvements in terms of synthesis, physical properties, stimuli response, and/or applicability of biodegradable plastics (BPs) during last two decades, and its biomedical applications. Recent literature relevant to this study has been cited and their developing trends and challenges of BPs have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas V. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat- 380009, India
| | - Dilip V. Vasava
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat- 380009, India
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13
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Zhu H, Yang X, Genin GM, Lu TJ, Xu F, Lin M. The relationship between thiol-acrylate photopolymerization kinetics and hydrogel mechanics: An improved model incorporating photobleaching and thiol-Michael addition. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 88:160-169. [PMID: 30173068 PMCID: PMC6392438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible hydrogels with defined mechanical properties are critical to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Thiol-acrylate photopolymerized hydrogels have attracted special interest for their degradability and cytocompatibility, and for their tunable mechanical properties through controlling factors that affect reaction kinetics (e.g., photopolymerization, stoichiometry, temperature, and solvent choice). In this study, we hypothesized that the mechanical property of these hydrogels can be tuned by photoinitiators via photobleaching and by thiol-Michael addition reactions. To test this hypothesis, a multiscale mathematical model incorporating both photobleaching and thiol-Michael addition reactions was developed and validated. After validating the model, the effects of thiol concentration, light intensity, and pH values on hydrogel mechanics were investigated. Results revealed that hydrogel stiffness (i) was maximized at a light intensity-specific optimal concentration of thiol groups; (ii) increased with decreasing pH when synthesis occurred at low light intensity; and (iii) increased with decreasing light intensity when synthesis occurred at fixed precursor composition. The multiscale model revealed that the latter was due to higher initiation efficiency at lower light intensity. More broadly, the model provides a framework for predicting mechanical properties of hydrogels based upon the controllable kinetics of thiol-acrylate photopolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Guy M Genin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, MO, USA; NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, MO, USA
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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14
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Do AV, Worthington K, Tucker B, Salem AK. Controlled drug delivery from 3D printed two-photon polymerized poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate devices. Int J Pharm 2018; 552:217-224. [PMID: 30268853 PMCID: PMC6204107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery systems have been utilized to enhance the therapeutic effects of many drugs by delivering drugs in a time-dependent and sustained manner. Here, with the aid of 3D printing technology, drug delivery devices were fabricated and tested using a model drug (fluorophore: rhodamine B). Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) devices were fabricated using a two-photon polymerization (TPP) system and rhodamine B was homogenously entrapped inside the polymer matrix during photopolymerization. These devices were printed with varying porosity and morphology using varying printing parameters such as slicing and hatching distance. The effects of these variables on drug release kinetics were determined by evaluating device fluorescence over the course of one week. These PEGDMA-based structures were then investigated for toxicity and biocompatibility in vitro, where MTS assays were performed using a range of cell types including induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Overall, tuning the hatching distance, slicing distance, and pore size of the fabricated devices modulated the rhodamine B release profile, in each case presumably due to resulting changes in the motility of the small molecule and its access to structure edges. In general, increased spacing provided higher drug release while smaller spacing resulted in some occlusion, preventing media infiltration and thus resulting in reduced fluorophore release. The devices had no cytotoxic effects on human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) or iPSCs. Thus, we have demonstrated the utility of two-photon polymerization to create biocompatible, complex miniature devices with fine details and tunable release of a model drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Vu Do
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa
| | - Kristan Worthington
- Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa
| | - Budd Tucker
- Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa,
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16
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Smolne S, Weber S, Buback M. Propagation and Termination Kinetics of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylate in Aqueous Solution. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Smolne
- Institute for Physical Chemistry; University of Göttingen; Tammannstr. 6 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Stella Weber
- Institute for Physical Chemistry; University of Göttingen; Tammannstr. 6 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Michael Buback
- Institute for Physical Chemistry; University of Göttingen; Tammannstr. 6 37077 Göttingen Germany
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17
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Karimi M, Zangabad PS, Ghasemi A, Amiri M, Bahrami M, Malekzad H, Asl HG, Mahdieh Z, Bozorgomid M, Ghasemi A, Boyuk MRRT, Hamblin MR. Temperature-Responsive Smart Nanocarriers for Delivery Of Therapeutic Agents: Applications and Recent Advances. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:21107-33. [PMID: 27349465 PMCID: PMC5003094 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Smart drug delivery systems (DDSs) have attracted the attention of many scientists, as carriers that can be stimulated by changes in environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, light, electromagnetic fields, mechanical forces, etc. These smart nanocarriers can release their cargo on demand when their target is reached and the stimulus is applied. Using the techniques of nanotechnology, these nanocarriers can be tailored to be target-specific, and exhibit delayed or controlled release of drugs. Temperature-responsive nanocarriers are one of most important groups of smart nanoparticles (NPs) that have been investigated during the past decades. Temperature can either act as an external stimulus when heat is applied from the outside, or can be internal when pathological lesions have a naturally elevated termperature. A low critical solution temperature (LCST) is a special feature of some polymeric materials, and most of the temperature-responsive nanocarriers have been designed based on this feature. In this review, we attempt to summarize recent efforts to prepare innovative temperature-responsive nanocarriers and discuss their novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Karimi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Parham Sahandi Zangabad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Science (TUOMS), Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, 14588 Tehran, Iran
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghasemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, 14588 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amiri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, 14588 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Bahrami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, 14588 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedieh Malekzad
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Ghahramanzadeh Asl
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, 14588 Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mahdieh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Material Science and Engineering, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Mahnaz Bozorgomid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Central Branch of Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, 14588 Tehran, Iran
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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18
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Boularas M, Deniau-Lejeune E, Alard V, Tranchant JF, Billon L, Save M. Dual stimuli-responsive oligo(ethylene glycol)-based microgels: insight into the role of internal structure in volume phase transitions and loading of magnetic nanoparticles to design stable thermoresponsive hybrid microgels. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01078k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Design of multi-responsive biocompatible P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA-co-MAA) microgels and their hybrid magnetic couterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Boularas
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- CNRS
- UMR 5254
- IPREM
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
| | - Elise Deniau-Lejeune
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- CNRS
- UMR 5254
- IPREM
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
| | - Valérie Alard
- LVMH Recherche Parfums et Cosmétiques
- St Jean de Braye
- France
| | | | - Laurent Billon
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- CNRS
- UMR 5254
- IPREM
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
| | - Maud Save
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- CNRS
- UMR 5254
- IPREM
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
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Li L, Lu B, Wu J, Fan Q, Guo X, Liu Z. Synthesis and self-assembly behavior of thermo-responsive star-shaped POSS–(PCL–P(MEO2MA-co-PEGMA))16 inorganic/organic hybrid block copolymers with tunable lower critical solution temperature. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00279j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Star-shaped copolymers have been synthesized and the LCSTs of thermo-responsive micelles were well controlled by adjusting the content of PEGMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi 832003
- P. R. China
| | - Beibei Lu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi 832003
- P. R. China
| | - Jianning Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi 832003
- P. R. China
| | - Qikui Fan
- Center for Materials Chemistry Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an
- Shaanxi 710054
- P. R. China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi 832003
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi 832003
- P. R. China
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20
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Ulasan M, Yavuz E, Cengeloglu Y, Yavuz MS. Facile synthesis of boronic acid-functionalized nanocarriers for glucose-triggered caffeic acid release. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-graft-chitosan nanoparticles as a biobased nanofiller for a poly(lactic acid) blend: Radiation-induced grafting and performance studies. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Sivakumaran D, Mueller E, Hoare T. Temperature-Induced Assembly of Monodisperse, Covalently Cross-Linked, and Degradable Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels Based on Oligomeric Precursors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5767-5778. [PMID: 25977976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, solvent-free, and scalable thermally driven self-assembly approach is described to produce monodisperse, covalently cross-linked, and degradable poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels based on mixing hydrazide (PNIPAM-Hzd) and aldehyde (PNIPAM-Ald) functionalized PNIPAM precursors. Preheating of a seed PNIPAM-Hzd solution above its phase transition temperature produces nanoaggregates that are subsequently stabilized and cross-linked by the addition of PNIPAM-Ald. The ratio of PNIPAM-Hzd:PNIPAM-Ald used to prepare the microgels, the time between PNIPAM-Ald addition and cooling, the temperature to which the PNIPAM-Hzd polymer solution is preheated, and the concentration of PNIPAM-Hzd in the initial seed solution can all be used to control the size of the resulting microgels. The microgels exhibit similar thermal phase transition behavior to conventional precipitation-based microgels but are fully degradable into oligomeric precursor polymers. The microgels can also be lyophilized and redispersed without any change in colloidal stability or particle size and exhibit no significant cytotoxicity in vitro. We anticipate that microgels fabricated using this approach may facilitate translation of the attractive properties of such microgels in vivo without the concerns regarding microgel clearance that exist with other PNIPAM-based microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl Sivakumaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7
| | - Eva Mueller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7
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24
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Robertson NM, Hizir MS, Balcioglu M, Rana M, Yumak H, Ecevit O, Yigit MV. Monitoring the multitask mechanism of DNase I activity using graphene nanoassemblies. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:735-45. [PMID: 25734834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Here we have demonstrated that graphene serves as a remarkable platform for monitoring the multitask activity of an enzyme with fluorescence spectroscopy. Our studies showed that four different simultaneous enzymatic tasks of DNase I can be observed and measured in a high throughput fashion using graphene oxide and oligonucleotide nanoassemblies. We have used phosphorothioate modified oligonucleotides to pinpoint the individual and highly specific functions of DNase I with single stranded DNA, RNA, and DNA/DNA and DNA/RNA duplexes. DNase I resulted in fluorescence recovery in the nanoassemblies and enhanced the intensity tremendously in the presence of sequence specific DNA or RNA molecules with different degrees of amplification. Our study enabled us to discover the sources of this remarkable signal enhancement, which has been used for biomedical applications of graphene for sensitive detection of specific oncogenes. The significant difference in the signal amplification observed for the detection of DNA and RNA molecules is a result of the positive and/or reductive signal generating events with the enzyme. In the presence of DNA there are four possible ways that the fluorescence reading is influenced, with two of them resulting in a gain in signal while the other two result in a loss. Since the observed signal is a summation of all the events together, the absence of the two fluorescence reduction events with RNA gives a greater degree of fluorescence signal enhancement when compared to target DNA molecules. Overall, our study demonstrates that graphene has powerful features for determining the enzymatic functions of a protein and reveals some of the unknowns observed in the graphene and oligonucleotide assemblies with DNase I.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hasan Yumak
- §Department of Science, BMCC, City University of New York, 199 Chambers Street, New York, New York 10007, United States
| | - Ozgur Ecevit
- §Department of Science, BMCC, City University of New York, 199 Chambers Street, New York, New York 10007, United States
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Szabó Á, Wacha A, Thomann R, Szarka G, Bóta A, Iván B. Synthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate)-polyisobutylene ABCBA Pentablock Copolymers by Combining Quasiliving Carbocationic and Atom Transfer Radical Polymerizations and Characterization Thereof. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2015.1007268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Balcioglu M, Buyukbekar BZ, Yavuz MS, Yigit MV. Smart-Polymer-Functionalized Graphene Nanodevices for Thermo-Switch-Controlled Biodetection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2014; 1:27-36. [DOI: 10.1021/ab500029h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Balcioglu
- Department
of Chemistry and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Burak Zafer Buyukbekar
- Department
of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Advanced Technology Research
and Application Center, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Selman Yavuz
- Department
of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Advanced Technology Research
and Application Center, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet V. Yigit
- Department
of Chemistry and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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Szabó Á, Szarka G, Iván B. Synthesis of poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate)-polyisobutylene ABA block copolymers by the combination of quasiliving carbocationic and atom transfer radical polymerizations. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 36:238-48. [PMID: 25353143 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systematic investigations are carried out on the synthesis of a series of new, unique ABA-type triblock copolymers consisting of the hydrophobic and chemically inert polyisobutylene (PIB) inner and the hydrophilic comb-shaped poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (PPEGMA) polymacromonomer as an outer block. Telechelic PIB macroinitiators with narrow molecular weight distributions (MWD) are synthesized by quasiliving carbocationic polymerization of isobutylene with a bifunctional initiator followed by quantitative chain end derivatizations. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of PEGMAs with various molecular weights is investigated by using these macroinitiators. It is found that CuBr is an inefficient ATRP catalyst, while CuCl leads to high, nearly complete conversions of the PEGMA macromonomers. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analyses reveal slow initiation of PEGMA at relatively high PIB/PEGMA ratios or with PEGMAs of higher molecular weights due to steric hindrance between the macroinitiator and macromonomer. The occurrence of slow initiation, and not permanent termination, is proven by highly efficient ATRP of a low-molecular-weight monomer, methyl methacrylate, with the block copolymers as macroinitiators. Successful synthesis of PPEGMA-PIB-PPEGMA ABA block copolymers is obtained by using either low-molecular-weight PEGMA or relatively low macroinitiator/macromonomer ratios. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicates phase separation and significant suppression of the crystallinity of the pendant poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains in these new block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Szabó
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1117, Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Hungary
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