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Neves LB, Afonso IS, Nobrega G, Barbosa LG, Lima RA, Ribeiro JE. A Review of Methods to Modify the PDMS Surface Wettability and Their Applications. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:670. [PMID: 38930640 PMCID: PMC11205751 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has attracted great attention in various fields due to its excellent properties, but its inherent hydrophobicity presents challenges in many applications that require controlled wettability. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of some key strategies for modifying the wettability of PDMS surfaces by providing the main traditional methods for this modification and the results of altering the contact angle and other characteristics associated with this property. Four main technologies are discussed, namely, oxygen plasma treatment, surfactant addition, UV-ozone treatment, and the incorporation of nanomaterials, as these traditional methods are commonly selected due to the greater availability of information, their lower complexity compared to the new techniques, and the lower cost associated with them. Oxygen plasma treatment is a widely used method for improving the hydrophilicity of PDMS surfaces by introducing polar functional groups through oxidation reactions. The addition of surfactants provides a versatile method for altering the wettability of PDMS, where the selection and concentration of the surfactant play an important role in achieving the desired surface properties. UV-ozone treatment is an effective method for increasing the surface energy of PDMS, inducing oxidation, and generating hydrophilic functional groups. Furthermore, the incorporation of nanomaterials into PDMS matrices represents a promising route for modifying wettability, providing adjustable surface properties through controlled dispersion and interfacial interactions. The synergistic effect of nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles and nanotubes, helps to improve wetting behaviour and surface energy. The present review discusses recent advances of each technique and highlights their underlying mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. Additionally, promising trends and future prospects for surface modification of PDMS are discussed, and the importance of tailoring wettability for applications ranging from microfluidics to biomedical devices is highlighted. Traditional methods are often chosen to modify the wettability of the PDMS surface because they have more information available in the literature, are less complex than new techniques, and are also less expensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B. Neves
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Campus Erechim, Erechim 99713-028, RS, Brazil;
| | - Inês S. Afonso
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (I.S.A.); (G.N.); (R.A.L.)
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus S. Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Glauco Nobrega
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (I.S.A.); (G.N.); (R.A.L.)
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus S. Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Luiz G. Barbosa
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Campus Erechim, Erechim 99713-028, RS, Brazil;
| | - Rui A. Lima
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (I.S.A.); (G.N.); (R.A.L.)
- CEFT—Transport Phenomena Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - João E. Ribeiro
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus S. Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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2
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Guimaraes APP, Calori IR, Stilhano RS, Tedesco AC. Renal proximal tubule-on-a-chip in PDMS: fabrication, functionalization, and RPTEC:HUVEC co-culture evaluation. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025024. [PMID: 38408383 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad2d2f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
'On-a-chip' technology advances the development of physiologically relevant organ-mimicking architecture by integrating human cells into three-dimensional microfluidic devices. This method also establishes discrete functional units, faciliting focused research on specific organ components. In this study, we detail the development and assessment of a convoluted renal proximal tubule-on-a-chip (PT-on-a-chip). This platform involves co-culturing Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells (RPTEC) and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) within a polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic device, crafted through a combination of 3D printing and molding techniques. Our PT-on-a-chip significantly reduced high glucose level, exhibited albumin uptake, and simulated tubulopathy induced by amphotericin B. Remarkably, the RPTEC:HUVEC co-culture exhibited efficient cell adhesion within 30 min on microchannels functionalized with plasma, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and type-I collagen. This approach significantly reduced the required incubation time for medium perfusion. In comparison, alternative methods such as plasma and plasma plus polyvinyl alcohol were only effective in promoting cell attachment to flat surfaces. The PT-on-a-chip holds great promise as a valuable tool for assessing the nephrotoxic potential of new drug candidates, enhancing our understanding of drug interactions with co-cultured renal cells, and reducing the need for animal experimentation, promoting the safe and ethical development of new pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Pereira Guimaraes
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering- Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Italo Rodrigo Calori
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering- Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Labs, Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - Roberta Sessa Stilhano
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering- Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
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3
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Villata S, Canta M, Baruffaldi D, Pavan A, Chiappone A, Pirri CF, Frascella F, Roppolo I. 3D printable acrylate polydimethylsiloxane resins for cell culture and drug testing. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2950-2959. [PMID: 36912680 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00152k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, most of the microfluidic devices for biological applications are fabricated with only few well-established materials. Among these, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most used and known. However, it has many limitations, like the operator dependent and time-consuming manufacturing technique and the high molecule retention. TEGORad or Acrylate PDMS is an acrylate polydimethylsiloxane copolymer that can be 3D printed through Digital Light Processing (DLP), a technology that can boast reduction of waste products and the possibility of low cost and rapid manufacturing of complex components. Here, we developed 3D printed Acrylate PDMS-based devices for cell culture and drug testing. Our in vitro study shows that Acrylate PDMS can sustain cell growth of lung and skin epithelium, both of great interest for in vitro drug testing, without causing any genotoxic effect. Moreover, flow experiments with a drug-like solution (Rhodamine 6G) show that Acrylate PDMS drug retention is negligible unlike the high signal shown by PDMS. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that this acrylate resin can be an excellent alternative to PDMS to design stretchable platforms for cell culture and drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Villata
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy.
| | - Marta Canta
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy.
| | - Désirée Baruffaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy.
| | - Alice Pavan
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Chiappone
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy.
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy. .,Center for Sustainable Futures @PolitoIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Livorno 60, Turin 10144, Italy
| | - Francesca Frascella
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy.
| | - Ignazio Roppolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Turin 10129, Italy.
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Low energy irradiation induced effects on the surface characteristics of polydimethylsiloxane polymeric films. Macromol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-023-00118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Gilman AB, Zinoviev AV, Kuznetsov AA. Organosilicon-Based Hybrid Materials Produced Using Low Temperature Plasma. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143922060078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Patient-specific brain arteries molded as a flexible phantom model using 3D printed water-soluble resin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10172. [PMID: 35715506 PMCID: PMC9205921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Visualizing medical images from patients as physical 3D models (phantom models) have many roles in the medical field, from education to preclinical preparation and clinical research. However, current phantom models are generally generic, expensive, and time-consuming to fabricate. Thus, there is a need for a cost- and time-efficient pipeline from medical imaging to patient-specific phantom models. In this work, we present a method for creating complex 3D sacrificial molds using an off-the-shelf water-soluble resin and a low-cost desktop 3D printer. This enables us to recreate parts of the cerebral arterial tree as a full-scale phantom model ([Formula: see text] cm) in transparent silicone rubber (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) from computed tomography angiography images (CTA). We analyzed the model with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compared it with the patient data. The results show good agreement and smooth surfaces for the arteries. We also evaluate our method by looking at its capability to reproduce 1 mm channels and sharp corners. We found that round shapes are well reproduced, whereas sharp features show some divergence. Our method can fabricate a patient-specific phantom model with less than 2 h of total labor time and at a low fabrication cost.
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Ishihara K, Fukazawa K. Cell-membrane-inspired polymers for constructing biointerfaces with efficient molecular recognition. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:3397-3419. [PMID: 35389394 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00242f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of devices that accurately recognize, detect, and separate target molecules from mixtures is a crucial aspect of biotechnology for applications in medical, pharmaceutical, and food sciences. This technology has also been recently applied in solving environmental and energy-related problems. In molecular recognition, biomolecules are typically complexed with a substrate, and specific molecules from a mixture are recognized, captured, and reacted. To increase sensitivity and efficiency, the activity of the biomolecules used for capture should be maintained, and non-specific reactions on the surface should be prevented. This review summarizes polymeric materials that are used for constructing biointerfaces. Precise molecular recognition occurring at the surface of cell membranes is fundamental to sustaining life; therefore, materials that mimic the structure and properties of this particular surface are emphasized in this article. The requirements for biointerfaces to eliminate nonspecific interactions of biomolecules are described. In particular, the major issue of protein adsorption on biointerfaces is discussed by focusing on the structure of water near the interface from a thermodynamic viewpoint; moreover, the structure of polymer molecules that control the water structure is considered. Methodologies enabling stable formation of these interfaces on material surfaces are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Fukazawa
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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Banik S, Uchil A, Kalsang T, Chakrabarty S, Ali MA, Srisungsitthisunti P, Mahato KK, Surdo S, Mazumder N. The revolution of PDMS microfluidics in cellular biology. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022; 43:465-483. [PMID: 35410564 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2034733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidics is revolutionizing the way research on cellular biology has been traditionally conducted. The ability to control the cell physicochemical environment by adjusting flow conditions, while performing cellular analysis at single-cell resolution and high-throughput, has made microfluidics the ideal choice to replace traditional in vitro models. However, such a revolution only truly started with the advent of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a microfluidic structural material and soft-lithography as a rapid manufacturing technology. Indeed, before the "PDMS age," microfluidic technologies were: costly, time-consuming and, more importantly, accessible only to specialized laboratories and users. The simplicity of molding PDMS in various shapes along with its inherent properties (transparency, biocompatibility, and gas permeability) has spread the applications of innovative microfluidic devices to diverse and important biological fields and clinical studies. This review highlights how PDMS-based microfluidic systems are innovating pre-clinical biological research on cells and organs. These devices were able to cultivate different cell lines, enhance the sensitivity and diagnostic effectiveness of numerous cell-based assays by maintaining consistent chemical gradients, utilizing and detecting the smallest number of analytes while being high-throughput. This review will also assist in identifying the pitfalls in current PDMS-based microfluidic systems to facilitate breakthroughs and advancements in healthcare research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyabrata Banik
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ashwini Uchil
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Tenzin Kalsang
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Md Azahar Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pornsak Srisungsitthisunti
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Salvatore Surdo
- Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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9
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Park H, Choi W, Oh S, Kim YJ, Seok S, Kim J. A Study on Biocompatible Polymer-Based Packaging of Neural Interface for Chronic Implantation. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040516. [PMID: 35457821 PMCID: PMC9027597 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposed and verified the use of polymer-based packaging to implement the chronic implantation of neural interfaces using a combination of a commercial thermal epoxy and a thin parylene film. The packaging’s characteristics and the performance of the vulnerable interface between the thermal epoxy layer and polyimide layer, which is mainly used for neural electrodes and an FPCB, were evaluated through in vitro, in vivo, and acceleration experiments. The performance of neural interfaces—composed of the combination of the thermal epoxy and thin parylene film deposition as encapsulation packaging—was evaluated by using signal acquisition experiments based on artificial stimulation signal transmissions through in vitro and in vivo experiments. It has been found that, when commercial thermal epoxy normally cured at room temperature was cured at higher temperatures of 45 °C and 65 °C, not only is its lifetime increased with about twice the room-temperature-based curing conditions but also an interfacial adhesion is higher with more than twice the room-temperature-based curing conditions. In addition, through in vivo experiments using rats, it was confirmed that bodily fluids did not flow into the interface between the thermal epoxy and FPCB for up to 18 months, and it was verified that the rats maintained healthy conditions without occurring an immune response in the body to the thin parylene film deposition on the packaging’s surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyungDal Park
- Center for Bionics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.P.); (W.C.); (S.O.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Wonsuk Choi
- Center for Bionics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.P.); (W.C.); (S.O.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seonghwan Oh
- Center for Bionics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.P.); (W.C.); (S.O.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Seonho Seok
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (C2N), University-Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Center for Bionics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.P.); (W.C.); (S.O.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.)
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10
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Cho KW, Sunwoo SH, Hong YJ, Koo JH, Kim JH, Baik S, Hyeon T, Kim DH. Soft Bioelectronics Based on Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2021; 122:5068-5143. [PMID: 34962131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanostructured materials and unconventional device designs have transformed the bioelectronics from a rigid and bulky form into a soft and ultrathin form and brought enormous advantages to the bioelectronics. For example, mechanical deformability of the soft bioelectronics and thus its conformal contact onto soft curved organs such as brain, heart, and skin have allowed researchers to measure high-quality biosignals, deliver real-time feedback treatments, and lower long-term side-effects in vivo. Here, we review various materials, fabrication methods, and device strategies for flexible and stretchable electronics, especially focusing on soft biointegrated electronics using nanomaterials and their composites. First, we summarize top-down material processing and bottom-up synthesis methods of various nanomaterials. Next, we discuss state-of-the-art technologies for intrinsically stretchable nanocomposites composed of nanostructured materials incorporated in elastomers or hydrogels. We also briefly discuss unconventional device design strategies for soft bioelectronics. Then individual device components for soft bioelectronics, such as biosensing, data storage, display, therapeutic stimulation, and power supply devices, are introduced. Afterward, representative application examples of the soft bioelectronics are described. A brief summary with a discussion on remaining challenges concludes the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Won Cho
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Joseph Hong
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hoon Koo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Baik
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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11
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Nakano H, Kakinoki S, Iwasaki Y. Long-lasting hydrophilic surface generated on poly(dimethyl siloxane) with photoreactive zwitterionic polymers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111900. [PMID: 34102530 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is known as one of the most established polymers for making elastomers. Therefore, it is commonly used for the fabrication of biomedical devices. Many PDMS surface modification processes have been proposed recently to increase PDMS reliability in medical fields. However, the modified surface's long-term stability is still limited. Hydrophobic recovery of PDMS is widely recognized as a factor that reduces the efficacy of PDMS surface modification. The photoreactive zwitterionic polymer effectively suppresses the hydrophobic recovery of PDMS, according to the current analysis. The photoreactive zwitterionic monomer, 2-[2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyldimethylanmmonium] ethyl benzophenoxy phosphate (MBPP) was polymerized by conventional radical polymerization and coated on O2-plasma-treated PDMS specimens. The specimens were immersed in an aqueous solution of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and exposed under ultraviolet (UV) radiation for 3 h. Instead, of poly(MBPP) (PMBPP), benzophenone (BP) was also used as a conventional photoinitiator. The time-dependent change in the wettability and elemental composition of the specimen surface was monitored for nine weeks after photo-grafting of poly[2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)] (PMPC). The advancing and receding contact angles (θA/θR) of the pristine PDMS specimen were 112°/71° and significantly decreased immediately after the grafting of PMPC regardless of types of photoinitiator. However, the hydrophobicity of the surface gradually recovered, and θA was changed from 12° to 81° for nine weeks of storage under air atmosphere when BP was used as a photoinitiator for graft polymerization of MPC. However, surface hydrophilicity (θA ≅ 20°) of the surface grafted with PMPC with PMBPP as an initiator was effectively preserved for nine weeks. This surface also showed excellent lubricity and non-fouling properties regardless of the storage periods. Therefore, zwitterionic photoreactive polymer, PMBPP, is then used as a macrophotoinitiator for the surface modification of PDMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nakano
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Sachiro Kakinoki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan; Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan; Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan.
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12
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Liu W, Sun M, Han K, Hu R, Liu D, Wang J. Comprehensive Evaluation of Stable Neuronal Cell Adhesion and Culture on One-Step Modified Polydimethylsiloxane Using Functionalized Pluronic. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32753-32760. [PMID: 33376913 PMCID: PMC7758976 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a popular and property-advantageous material for developing biomedical microsystems and advancing cell microengineering. The requirement of constructing a robust cell-adhesive PDMS interface drives the exploration of simple, straightforward, and applicable surface modification methods. Here, a comprehensive evaluation of highly stable neuronal cell adhesion and culture on the PDMS surface modified in one step using functionalized Pluronic is presented. According to multiple comparative tests, this modification is sufficiently verified to enable more significant cell adhesion and spreading in both quantity and stability, higher neuronal differentiation and viability/growth, more complete formation of the neuronal network, and stabler neuronal cell culture than the common coating tools on the PDMS substrate. The comparable and even superior cellular effects of this modification on PDMS to the standard coating of polystyrene for in vitro neurological research are demonstrated. Long-term microfluidic neuron culture with stable adhesion and high differentiation on the modified PDMS interface is accomplished, too. The achievement provides a detailed experimental demonstration of this simple and effective modification for strengthening neuronal cell culture on the PDMS substrate, which is useful for potential applications in the fields of neurobiology, neuron microengineering, and brain-on-a-chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Liu
- Departments
of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meilin Sun
- Departments
of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Kai Han
- Departments
of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Departments
of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Departments
of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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