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Synergistic Integration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hydrostatic Pressure in the Expansion and Maintenance of Human Hematopoietic/Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4527929. [PMID: 29681947 PMCID: PMC5848107 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4527929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) has been investigated to improve the clinical outcome of HSPC transplantation. However, ex vivo expansion of HSPCs still faces a major obstacle in that HPSCs tend to differentiate when proliferating. Here, we cocultured HSPCs with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and divided the HSPCs into two fractions according to whether they came into adherent to MSCs or not. Additionally, we used hydrostatic pressure (HP) to mimic the physical conditions in vivo. Even nonadherent cells expanded to yield a significantly larger number of total nucleated cells (TNCs), adherent cells maintained the HSPC phenotype (CD34+, CD34+CD38−, and CD133+CD38−) to a greater extent than nonadherent cells and had superior clonogenic potential. Moreover, applying HP significantly increased the number of TNCs, the frequency of the immature HSPC phenotype, and the clonogenic potential. Furthermore, the genetic markers for the HSPC niche were significantly increased under HP. Our data suggest that the nonadherent fraction is the predominant site of HSPC expansion, whereas the adherent fraction seems to mimic the HSPC niche for immature cells. Moreover, HP has a synergistic effect on expansion and functional maintenance. This first study utilizing HP has a potential of designing clinically applicable expansion systems.
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Park SH, Park SA, Kang YG, Shin JW, Park YS, Gu SR, Wu YR, Wei J, Shin JW. PCL/β-TCP Composite Scaffolds Exhibit Positive Osteogenic Differentiation with Mechanical Stimulation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:349-358. [PMID: 30603491 PMCID: PMC6171607 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the use of Polycaprolactone (PCL)/ β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) composites with applied mechanical stimulation as scaffold for bone tissue engineering. PCL-based three-dimensional (3D) structures were fabricated in a solvent-free process using a 3D-printing technique. The mass fraction of β-TCP was varied in the range 0-30%, and the structure and compressive modulus of the specimens was characterized. The shape and interconnectivity of the pores was found to be satisfactory, and the compressive modulus of the specimens was comparable with that of human trabecular bone. Human mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on the composites, and various biological evaluations were performed over 9 days. With a mass fraction of β-TCP of 30%, differentiation began earlier; however, the cell proliferation rate was lower. Through the use of mechanical stimulation, however, the proliferation rate recovered, and was comparable with that of the other groups. This stimulation effect was also observed in ECM generation and other biological assays. With mechanical stimulation, expression of osteogenic markers was lower on samples with a β-TCP content of 10 wt% than without β-TCP; however, with mechanical stimulation, the sample with a β-TCP content of 30 wt% exhibited significantly greater expression of those markers than the other samples. We found that mechanical stimulation and the addition of β-TCP interacted closely, and that a mass fraction of β-TCP of 30% was particularly useful as a bone tissue scaffold when accompanied by mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
| | - Su A. Park
- Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 156, Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34103 Korea
| | - Yun Gyeong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
| | - Ji Won Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
| | - Young Shik Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
| | - Seo Rin Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
| | - Yan Ru Wu
- Department of Health science and technology, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
| | - Jie Wei
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Jung-Woog Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
- Inst. of Aged Life Redesign/ UHARC/Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, 50834 Korea
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Comparing effects of perfusion and hydrostatic pressure on gene profiles of human chondrocyte. J Biotechnol 2015; 210:59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.06.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tatsumura M, Sakane M, Ochiai N, Mizuno S. Off-loading of cyclic hydrostatic pressure promotes production of extracellular matrix by chondrocytes. Cells Tissues Organs 2014; 198:405-13. [PMID: 24777062 DOI: 10.1159/000360156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of cyclic hydrostatic pressure (cHP) to cell culture medium has been used to promote extracellular matrix (ECM) production by articular chondrocytes. Though a combination of cHP followed by atmospheric pressure (AP) has been examined previously, the rationale of such a combination was unclear. We compared the effects of loading once versus twice (combinations of cHP followed by AP) regarding both gene expression and biochemical and histological phenotypes of chondrocytes. Isolated bovine articular chondrocytes were embedded in a collagen gel and incubated for 14 days under conditions combining cHP and AP. The gene expression of aggrecan core protein and collagen type II were upregulated in response to cHP, and those levels were maintained for at least 4 days after cHP treatment. Accumulation of cartilage-specific sulfated glycosaminoglycans following cHP for 7 days and subsequent AP for 7 days was significantly greater than that of the AP control (p < 0.05). Therefore, incubation at AP after loading with cHP was found to beneficially affect ECM accumulation. Manipulating algorithms of cHP combined with AP will be useful in producing autologous chondrocyte-based cell constructs for implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Tatsumura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Kim SY, Park SH, Shin JW, Kang YG, Jeon KJ, Hyun JS, Oh MJ, Shin JW. Mechanical stimulation and the presence of neighboring cells greatly affect migration of human mesenchymal stem cells. Biotechnol Lett 2013; 35:1817-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Jeong JY, Park SH, Shin JW, Kang YG, Han KH, Shin JW. Effects of intermittent hydrostatic pressure magnitude on the chondrogenesis of MSCs without biochemical agents under 3D co-culture. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:2773-2781. [PMID: 22802107 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Without using biochemical agents, in this study, we sought to investigate the potential of controlling the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into a specific cell type through the use of 3D co-culturing and mechanical stimuli. MSCs and primary cultured chondrocytes were separately encapsulated into alginate beads, and the two types of beads were separated by a membrane. For the investigation a computer-controllable bioreactor was designed and used to engage intermittent hydrostatic pressure (IHP). Five different magnitudes (0.20, 0.10, 0.05, 0.02 MPa and no stimulation) of IHP were applied. The stimulation pattern was the same for all groups: 2 h/day for 7 days starting at 24 h after seeding; 2 and 15 min cycles of stimulating and resting, respectively. Biochemical (DNA and GAG contents), histological (Alcian blue), and RT-PCR (Col II, SOX9, AGC) analyses were performed on days 1, 5, 10, and 20. The results from these analyses showed that stimulation with higher magnitudes of IHP (≥0.10 MPa) were more effective on the proliferation and differentiation of co-cultured MSCs. Together, these data demonstrate the potential of using mechanical stimulation and co-culturing for the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs, even without biochemical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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Potential of engineering methodologies for the application to pharmaceutical research. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:299-309. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Kim DH, Kim SH, Heo SJ, Shin JW, Lee SW, Park SA, Shin JW. Enhanced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into NP-like cells via 3D co-culturing with mechanical stimulation. J Biosci Bioeng 2009; 108:63-7. [PMID: 19577195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a three-dimensional co-culturing system of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and nucleus pulposus (NP) cells from New Zealand white male rabbits to differentiate MSCs into NP-like cells. The preferable ratio of MSCs to NP cells and the effects of mechanical stimulation were investigated without biochemical reagents. The preferable ratio was investigated without mechanical stimulation using five groups: Group I (MSC control); Group II (NP cell control); and Groups III, IV, and V, for which the ratios of NP cells to MSCs were 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1, respectively. During culture for 10 days without stimulation, the proliferation of MSCs did not increase after day 4. NP cells proliferated more when co-cultured as in Group V. However, the degree of differentiation of MSCs increased significantly in Group V. The differentiation of NP cells decreased gradually over time. When mechanical stimulation was applied to Groups I, II, and V, it contributed to the differentiation of MSCs into NP-like cells, as well as to that of NP cells, but did not contribute to the proliferation of either cell type. The contribution of mechanical stimulation to differentiation was also confirmed by RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hwa Kim
- National Research Laboratory of Cellular and Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 621-749, Republic of Korea
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Cai N, Wong CC, Tan SCW, Chan V, Liao K. Temporal effect of functional blocking of beta1 integrin on cell adhesion strength under serum depletion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:10939-10947. [PMID: 19735145 DOI: 10.1021/la901527x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion is generally concomitant to the formation of focal adhesion. Although it is well-known that focal adhesion plays an important role in the functional regulations of anchorage dependent cells, previous experimental studies have not provided quantitative description of the relation between focal adhesion and biophysical responses of cells. Furthermore, there is lack of knowledge on the importance of the beta1 integrin subunit to the dynamic responses of cells during initial cell seeding. In this study, we attempt to bridge the quantitative connection between focal adhesion density and cell-substrate interactions and evaluate the influence on functional blocking of beta1 integrin on adhesion strength. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), fluorescence microscopy, and phase contrast microscopy was employed to study the time-dependent evolvement of vinculin pattern, distribution of actin filament, and morphological change, respectively, during 4 h of culture for porcine esophageal fibroblasts (non-blocked and beta1-blocked) on a fibronectin-coated surface. Micropipet aspiration technique was used to study the change of mechanotransduction through the determination of adhesion force and strength. It is shown in our experimental results that spread area, adhesion force, and adhesion strength increases over time on the two types of cells. Throughout the culture period, the two key mechanotransduction parameters of non-blocked cells is higher than those of beta1-blocked cells. Interestingly, adhesion strength initially ascends, then begins to diminish at a critical time point, and finally resumes increasing linearly against the increase of focal adhesion density. This variation as mentioned above can be explained by peeling and fracture models based on the dissimilar vinculin pattern of cells after being cultured for different time periods. Moreover, the averaged focal adhesion strength and non-focal adhesion strength of beta1-blocked cells are significantly less than those of non-blocked of cells. The weaker adhesion strength on beta(1)-blocked cells is directly caused by lower focal and non-focal adhesion strength, as well as by smaller focal adhesion density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Cai
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
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