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Dua R, Jones H, Noble PC. Evaluation of bone formation on orthopedic implant surfaces using an ex-vivo bone bioreactor system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22509. [PMID: 34795368 PMCID: PMC8602619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in materials and manufacturing processes have allowed the fabrication of intricate implant surfaces to facilitate bony attachment. However, refinement and evaluation of these new design strategies are hindered by the cost and complications of animal studies, particularly during early iterations in the development process. To address this problem, we have previously constructed and validated an ex-vivo bone bioreactor culture system that can maintain the viability of bone samples for an extended period ex-vivo. In this study, we investigated the mineralization of a titanium wire mesh scaffold under both static and dynamic culturing using our ex vivo bioreactor system. Thirty-six cancellous bone cores were harvested from bovine metatarsals at the time of slaughter and divided into five groups under the following conditions: Group 1) Isolated bone cores placed in static culture, Group 2) Unloaded bone cores placed in static culture in contact with a fiber-mesh metallic scaffold, Group 3) Bone cores placed in contact with a fiber-mesh metallic scaffold under the constant pressure of 150 kPa, Group 4) Bone core placed in contact with a fiber-mesh metallic scaffold and exposed to cyclic loading with continuous perfusion flow of media within the ex-vivo culture system and Group 5) Bone core evaluated on Day 0 to serve as a positive control for comparison with all other groups at weeks 4 and 7. Bone samples within Groups 1-4 were incubated for 4 and 7 weeks and then evaluated using histological examination (H&E) and the Live-Dead assay (Life Technologies). Matrix deposits on the metallic scaffolds were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the chemical composition of the matrix was measured using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). We found that the viability of bone cores was maintained after seven weeks of loading in our ex vivo system. In addition, SEM images revealed crystallite-like structures on the dynamically loaded metal coupons (Group 4), corresponding to the initial stages of mineralization. EDX results further confirmed the presence of carbon at the interface and calcium phosphates in the matrix. We conclude that a bone bioreactor can be used as an alternate tool for in-vivo bone ingrowth studies of new implant surfaces or coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Dua
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA.
| | - Hugh Jones
- Center for Orthopaedic Research, Innovation and Training, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip C Noble
- Center for Orthopaedic Research, Innovation and Training, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
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Cervino G, Meto A, Fiorillo L, Odorici A, Meto A, D’Amico C, Oteri G, Cicciù M. Surface Treatment of the Dental Implant with Hyaluronic Acid: An Overview of Recent Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094670. [PMID: 33925742 PMCID: PMC8125310 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, interest has grown by focusing on the evaluation of a molecule already produced in the human body such as hyaluronic acid (HA), as an application to the surface of the titanium implant. Its osteo-conductive characteristics and positive interaction with the progenitor cells responsible for bone formation, consequently, make it responsible for secondary stability. The aim of this work was to analyze the various surface treatments in titanium implants, demonstrating that the topography and surface chemistry of biomaterials can correlate with the host response; also focusing on the addition of HA to the implant surface and assessing the biological implications during early stages of recovery. Used as a coating, HA acts on the migration, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cell precursors on titanium implants by improving the connection between implant and bone. Furthermore, the improvement of the bioactivity of the implant surfaces through HA could therefore facilitate the positioning of the dental prosthesis precisely in the early loading phase, thus satisfying the patients’ requests. It is important to note that all the findings should be supported by further experimental studies in animals as well as humans to evaluate and confirm the use of HA in any field of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Cervino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.); (G.O.); (M.C.)
| | - Agron Meto
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1000 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.); (G.O.); (M.C.)
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandra Odorici
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, School of Doctorate in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Aida Meto
- Department of Dental Therapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Cesare D’Amico
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.); (G.O.); (M.C.)
| | - Giacomo Oteri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.); (G.O.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (C.D.); (G.O.); (M.C.)
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Ahmed A, Al-Rasheed A, Badwelan M, Alghamdi HS. Peri-Implant bone response around porous-surface dental implants: A preclinical meta-analysis. Saudi Dent J 2020; 33:239-247. [PMID: 34194186 PMCID: PMC8236543 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This meta-analysis of relevant animal studies was conducted to assess whether the use of porous-surface implants improves osseointegration compared to the use of non-porous-surface implants. Material and methods An electronic search of PubMed (MEDLINE) resulted in the selection of ten animal studies (out of 865 publications) for characterization and quality assessment. Risk of bias assessment indicated poor reporting for the majority of studies. The results for bone-implant contact (BIC%) and peri-implant bone formation (BF%) were extracted from the eligible studies and used for the meta-analysis. Data for porous-surface implants were compared to those for non-porous-surface implants, which were considered as the controls. Results The random-effects meta-analysis showed that the use of porous-surface implants did not significantly increase overall BIC% (mean difference or MD: 3.63%; 95% confidence interval or 95% CI: −1.66 to 8.91; p = 0.18), whereas it significantly increased overall BF% (MD: 5.43%; CI: 2.20 to 8.67; p = 0.001), as compared to the controls. Conclusion Porous-surface implants promote osseointegration with increase in BF%. However, their use shows no significant effect on BIC%. Further preclinical and clinical investigations are required to find conclusive evidence on the effect of porous-surface implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Ahmed
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Rasheed
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Badwelan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Aden University, Aden, Yemen
| | - Hamdan S Alghamdi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Bioactive Titanium Surfaces: Interactions of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells of Nano Devices Applied to Dental Practice. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7010012. [PMID: 30759865 PMCID: PMC6466189 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, many advances have been made in the fields of bioengineering and biotechnology. Many methods have been proposed for the in vitro study of anatomical structures and alloplastic structures. Many steps forward have been made in the field of prosthetics and grafts and one of the most debated problems lies in the biomimetics and biocompatibility of the materials used. The contact surfaces between alloplastic material and fabric are under study, and this has meant that the surfaces were significantly improved. To ensure a good contact surface with the cells of our body and be able to respond to an attack by a biofilm or prevent the formation, this is the true gold standard. In the dental field, the study of the surfaces of contact with the bone tissue of the implants is the most debated, starting from the first concepts of osteointegration. Method: The study searched MEDLINE databases from January 2008 to November 2018. We considered all the studies that talk about nanosurface and the biological response of the latter, considering only avant-garde works in this field. Results: The ultimate aim of this study is to point out all the progress made in the field of bioengineering and biotechnologies about nanosurface. Surface studies allow you to have alloplastic materials that integrate better with our body and allow more predictable rehabilitations. Particularly in the field of dental implantology the study of surfaces has allowed us to make huge steps forward in times of rehabilitation. Overcoming this obstacle linked to the time of osseointegration, however, today the real problem seems to be linked to the “pathologies of these surfaces”, or the possible infiltration, and formation of a biofilm, difficult to eliminate, being the implant surface, inert. Conclusions: The results of the present investigation demonstrated how nanotechnologies contribute substantially to the development of new materials in the biomedical field, being able to perform a large number of tests on the surface to advance research. Thanks to 3D technology and to the reconstructions of both the anatomical structures and eventually the alloplastic structures used in rehabilitation it is possible to consider all the mechanical characteristics too. Recent published papers highlighted how the close interaction between cells and the biomaterial applied to the human body is the main objective in the final integration of the device placed to manage pathologies or for rehabilitation after a surgical tumor is removed.
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Wu W, Liu H, Lou J, Yang Y, Rong X, Xu J. [Domestic artificial cervical disc interface pressure distribution and effect of bone-implant interface pressure on osseointegration]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2017; 31:443-450. [PMID: 29798610 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201610121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the distribution of stress in the upper and lower plates of the prosthesis-bone interface, and the effect of interface pressure on osseointegration. Methods CT scanning was performed on goats at 1 week after artificial cervical disc replacement to establish the finite element model of C 3, 4. The stress distribution of the upper and lower plates of the interface was observed. At 6 and 12 months after replacement, Micro-CT scan and three dimensional reconstruction were performed to measure the bone volume fraction (BVF), trabecular number (Tb. N), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), trabecular separation (Tb. Sp), bone mineral density (BMD), bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV), and trabecular pattern factor (Tb. Pf). The C 3 lower plate and C 4 upper plate of 4 normal goat were chosen to made the cylinder of the diameter of 2 mm. The gene expressions of receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were detected by real time fluorescent quantitative PCR at immediate after cutting and at 24 and 48 hours after culture. The samples of appropriate culture time were selected to made mechanical loading, and the gene expressions of RANKL, OPG, M-CSF, and TGF-β were detected by real time fluorescent quantitative PCR; no mechanical loading samples were used as normal controls. Results Under 25 N axial loading, the stress of the upper plate of C 3, 4 was concentrated to post median region, and the stress of the lower plate to middle-front region and two orbits. According to stress, the plate was divided into 5 regions. The Micro-CT scan showed that BMD, Tb.Th, BVF, and Tb.N significantly increased, and BS/BV, Tb.Sp, and Tb.Pf significantly decreased at 12 months after replacement when compared with ones at 6 months ( P<0.05). At 24 and 48 hours after culture, the gene expressions of RANKL, OPG, and TGF-β were signifi-cantly higher than those at immediate ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between at 24 and 48 hours after culture ( P>0.05). The mechanical loading test results at 24 hours after culture showed that the RANKL and OPG gene expressions and OPG/RANKL ratio in C 3 lower plate and C 4 upper plate were significantly up-regulated when compared with controls ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was shown in TGF-β and M-CSF gene expressions ( P>0.05). Conclusion Domestic artificial cervical disc endplate has different pressure distribution, the stress of lower plate is higher than that of upper plate. Pressure has important effect on local osseointegration; the higher pressure area is, the osseointegration is better. Under the maximum pressure in interface, the osteoblast proliferation will increase, which is advantageous to the local osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China;Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P.R.China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041,
| | - Jigang Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Yunbei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Xin Rong
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P.R.China
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de Vasconcellos LMR, Barbara MAM, Rovai EDS, de Oliveira França M, Ebrahim ZF, de Vasconcellos LGO, Porto CD, Cairo CAA. Titanium scaffold osteogenesis in healthy and osteoporotic rats is improved by the use of low-level laser therapy (GaAlAs). Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:899-905. [PMID: 27056701 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effects of low-level laser therapy (GaAlAs) on the bone repair process within titanium scaffolds in the femurs of healthy and osteoporotic rats. Fifty-six rats were divided into four groups: group Sh: SHAM animals that received scaffolds; group LSh: SHAM animals that received scaffolds and were subjected to laser therapy; group OV: ovarietomized (OVX) animals that received scaffolds; and group LOV: OVX animals that received scaffolds and were subjected to laser therapy. Thirty days following ovariectomy or sham surgery, scaffolds were implanted in the left femurs of all animals in the study. Immediately after opening the surgical site, the inner part of the surgical cavity was stimulated with low-level laser (GaAlAs). In addition to this procedure, the laser group was also subjected to sessions of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) at 48-h intervals, with the first session performed immediately after surgery. The rats were sacrificed at 2 and 6 weeks, time in which femur fragments were submitted for histological and histomorphometric examination, and skin tissue above the scaffold was submitted to histological analysis. At the end of the study, greater bone formation was observed in the animals submitted to LLLT. At 2 and 6 weeks, statistically significant differences were observed between LSh and Sh groups (p = 0.009 and 0.0001) and LOV and OV (p = 0.0001 and 0.0001), respectively. No statistical difference was observed when assessing the estrogen variable. On the basis of our methodology and results, we conclude that LLLT improves and accelerates bone repair within titanium scaffolds in both ovariectomized and healthy rats, when compared to animals not subjected to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000.
| | - Mary Anne Moreira Barbara
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Emanuel da Silva Rovai
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, CEP 05508-000
| | - Mariana de Oliveira França
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Zahra Fernandes Ebrahim
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Luis Gustavo Oliveira de Vasconcellos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Camila Deco Porto
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, CEP 12245-000
| | - Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo
- Division of Materials, Air and Space Institute, CTA, Praça Mal. do Ar Eduardo Gomes 14, São José dos Campos, 12904-000, SP, Brazil
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García-Moreno F. Commercial Applications of Metal Foams: Their Properties and Production. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E85. [PMID: 28787887 PMCID: PMC5456484 DOI: 10.3390/ma9020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work gives an overview of the production, properties and industrial applications of metal foams. First, it classifies the most relevant manufacturing routes and methods. Then, it reviews the most important properties, with special interest in the mechanical and functional aspects, but also taking into account costs and feasibility considerations. These properties are the motivation and basis of related applications. Finally, a summary of the most relevant applications showing a large number of actual examples is presented. Concluding, we can forecast a slow, but continuous growth of this industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco García-Moreno
- Institute of Applied Materials, Helmholtz Centre Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin 14109, Germany.
- Institute of Materials Science and Technologies, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 60, Berlin 10623, Germany.
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Prkić A, van Bergen CJA, The B, Eygendaal D. Total elbow arthroplasty is moving forward: Review on past, present and future. World J Orthop 2016; 7:44-49. [PMID: 26807355 PMCID: PMC4716570 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v7.i1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The elbow joint is a complex joint, which, when impaired in function, leads to severe disability. In some cases however, an arthroplasty might be an appropriate treatment. In the past four decades, large steps have been taken to optimize this treatment in order to achieve better post-operative outcomes. To understand these progresses and to discover aspects for upcoming improvements, we present a review on the past developments, the present state of affairs and future developments which may improve patient care further.
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Bsat S, Yavari SA, Munsch M, Valstar ER, Zadpoor AA. Effect of Alkali-Acid-Heat Chemical Surface Treatment on Electron Beam Melted Porous Titanium and Its Apatite Forming Ability. MATERIALS 2015; 8:1612-1625. [PMID: 28788021 PMCID: PMC5507016 DOI: 10.3390/ma8041612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advanced additive manufacturing techniques such as electron beam melting (EBM), can produce highly porous structures that resemble the mechanical properties and structure of native bone. However, for orthopaedic applications, such as joint prostheses or bone substitution, the surface must also be bio-functionalized to promote bone growth. In the current work, EBM porous Ti6Al4V alloy was exposed to an alkali acid heat (AlAcH) treatment to bio-functionalize the surface of the porous structure. Various molar concentrations (3, 5, 10M) and immersion times (6, 24 h) of the alkali treatment were used to determine optimal parameters. The apatite forming ability of the samples was evaluated using simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion testing. The micro-topography and surface chemistry of AlAcH treated samples were evaluated before and after SBF testing using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The AlAcH treatment successfully modified the topographical and chemical characteristics of EBM porous titanium surface creating nano-topographical features ranging from 200–300 nm in size with a titania layer ideal for apatite formation. After 1 and 3 week immersion in SBF, there was no Ca or P present on the surface of as manufactured porous titanium while both elements were present on all AlAcH treated samples except those exposed to 3M, 6 h alkali treatment. An increase in molar concentration and/or immersion time of alkali treatment resulted in an increase in the number of nano-topographical features per unit area as well as the amount of titania on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Bsat
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Saber Amin Yavari
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Maximilian Munsch
- Implantcast GmbH, Lueneburger Schanze 26, D-21614 Buxtehude, Germany.
| | - Edward R Valstar
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Amir A Zadpoor
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.
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Influence of simvastatin-loaded implants on osseointegration in an ovariectomized animal model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:831504. [PMID: 25893198 PMCID: PMC4393925 DOI: 10.1155/2015/831504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The success of bone implants in the presence of osteoporosis is limited by lack of osseointegration between the implant and the natural bone. This study applied an electrochemical process to deposit simvastatin-nanohydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on porous implant surfaces and investigated the effects of these simvastatin-HA coatings on implant surfaces in an animal model of osteoporosis. In this study, simvastatin-HA coated implants were inserted into the tibia of osteoporotic rats. After 2, 4, and 12 weeks, tissue was retrieved for histomorphometric evaluation. The results indicated that the simvastatin-HA coatings increased bone-implant contact and new bone formation around implant surfaces. In conclusion, implants loaded with simvastatin by an electrochemical process improved implant osseointegration in osteoporotic rats. Furthermore, the increased concentration of simvastatin could affect the osseointegration, but the dose-effects also need further investigation.
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Lim L, Bobyn JD, Bobyn KM, Lefebvre LP, Tanzer M. The Otto Aufranc Award: Demineralized bone matrix around porous implants promotes rapid gap healing and bone ingrowth. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2012; 470:357-65. [PMID: 21863397 PMCID: PMC3254744 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-011-2011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncemented revision arthroplasty is often complicated by the presence of bone implant gaps that reduce initial stability and biologic fixation. Demineralized bone matrix has osteoinductive properties and therefore the potential to enhance gap healing and porous implant fixation. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We determined at what times and to what extent demineralized bone matrix promotes gap healing and bone ingrowth around a porous implant. METHODS We inserted porous titanium implants into the proximal metaphyses of canine femora and humeri, with an initial 3-mm gap between host cancellous bone and implants. We left the gaps empty (control; n = 12) or filled them with either demineralized bone matrix (n = 6) or devitalized demineralized bone matrix (negative control; n = 6) and left them in situ for 4 or 12 weeks. We quantified volume healing of the gap with new bone using three-dimensional micro-CT scanning and quantified apposition and ingrowth using backscattered scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The density of bone inside gaps filled with demineralized bone matrix reached 64% and 93% of surrounding bone density by 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. Compared with empty controls and negative controls at 4 and 12 weeks, gap healing using demineralized bone matrix was two to three times greater and bone ingrowth and apposition were up to 15 times greater. CONCLUSIONS Demineralized bone matrix promotes rapid bone ingrowth and gap healing around porous implants. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Demineralized bone matrix has potential for enhancing implant fixation in revision arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letitia Lim
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,Jo Miller Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room LS1-409, Montreal, QC H3G1A4 Canada
| | - J. Dennis Bobyn
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,Jo Miller Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room LS1-409, Montreal, QC H3G1A4 Canada
| | - Kristian M. Bobyn
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,Jo Miller Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room LS1-409, Montreal, QC H3G1A4 Canada
| | | | - Michael Tanzer
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,Jo Miller Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room LS1-409, Montreal, QC H3G1A4 Canada
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A comparison of epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts in dental implant titanium topographies. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2012; 2012:687291. [PMID: 22287942 PMCID: PMC3263600 DOI: 10.1155/2012/687291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The major challenge for dental implants is achieving optimal esthetic appearance and a concept to fulfill this criterion is evaluated. The key to an esthetically pleasing appearance lies in the properly manage the soft tissue profile around dental implants. A novel implant restoration technique on the surface was proposed as a way to augment both soft- and hard-tissue profiles at potential implant sites. Different levels of roughness can be attained by sandblasting and acid etching, and a tetracalcium phosphate was used to supply the ions. In particular, the early stage attaching and repopulating abilities of bone cell osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), fibroblasts (NIH 3T3), and epithelial cells (XB-2) were evaluated. The results showed that XB-2 cell adhesive qualities of a smooth surface were better than those of the roughened surfaces, the proliferative properties were reversed. The effects of roughness on the characteristics of 3T3 cells were opposite to the result for XB-2 cells. E1 proliferative ability did not differ with any statistical significance. These results suggest that a rougher surface which provided calcium and phosphate ions have the ability to enhance the proliferation of osteoblast and the inhibition of fibroblast growth that enhance implant success ratios.
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Blanco JF, Sánchez-Guijo FM, Carrancio S, Muntion S, García-Briñon J, del Cañizo MC. Titanium and tantalum as mesenchymal stem cell scaffolds for spinal fusion: an in vitro comparative study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2011; 20 Suppl 3:353-60. [PMID: 21779858 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-011-1901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last few years, great interest has been focused on tissue engineering as a potential therapeutic approach for musculoskeletal diseases. The role of metallic implants for spinal fusion has been tested in preclinical and clinical settings. Titanium and tantalum have excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties and are being used in this situation. On the other hand, the therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is extensively explored for their multilineage differentiation into osteoblasts. OBJECTIVES In vitro comparison of titanium and tantalum as MSCs scaffolds. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, we have compared the in vitro expansion capacity, viability, immunophenotype (both explored by flow cytometry) and multi-differentiation ability of MSC cultured in the presence of either titanium or tantalum fragments. The adherence of MSC to either metal was demonstrated by electron microscopy. RESULTS Both metals were able to carry MSC when transferred to new culture flasks. In addition, our study shows that culture of MSC with titanium or tantalum improves cell viability and maintains all their biological properties, with no significant differences regarding the metal employed. CONCLUSION This would support the use of these combinations for clinical purposes, especially in the spinal fusion and reconstruction setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Blanco
- Department of Orthopedics, Servicio de Traumatología y CO, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente 58, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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