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Fanfoni L, Marsich E, Turco G, Breschi L, Cadenaro M. Development of di-methacrylate quaternary ammonium monomers with antibacterial activity. Acta Biomater 2021; 129:138-147. [PMID: 34023457 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nine antibacterial di-methacrylate monomers based on bis-quaternary ammonium salts (bis-QAMs) were synthesized and structurally characterized. The biological activity of the bis-QAMs was tested in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on different bacterial strains achieving promising results and, in most cases, a complete bactericidal effect using a bis-QAM concentration lower than 1 mg/mL. Two of the structures showed comparable and superior activity against S. mutans than the commercial monomer 12-methacryloyloxydodecyl pyridinium bromide (MDBP). All the bis-QAMs here described were able to inhibit S. mutans biofilm formation at a concentration equal to the MIC value. From the analysis of the obtained data, some correlation regarding the structure and the antibacterial activity of the bis-QAMs could be drawn: a flexible alkyl C12 spacer between the two quaternary ammonium moieties increased the monomer antibacterial effect in comparison to the aromatic ones; the equilibrium between hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties was directly correlated to the bactericidal range of action; the increase of the steric hindrance of the ammonium side groups might be both advantageous or disadvantageous to the antibacterial efficacy depending on the whole monomer chemical structure. Even though the possible correlation between the monomer structures and their bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect is under investigation, the monomers exhibited low cytotoxicity on human dental pulp stem cells, confirming their promising potential in the dental materials' field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The use of dental resins with antibacterial monomers might prevent the formation of secondary caries at the restoration margins. For this purpose, a series of di-methacrylate bis-quaternary ammonium monomers (QAMs) was developed. Unlike antibacterial mono-methacrylate monomers already described in the literature, the synthesized di-methacrylate monomers have the potential of acting as cross-linkers stabilizing the polymeric network and bear two quaternary ammonium groups that increase their antibacterial ability. The QAMs exert bactericidal activity on both Gram(+) and Gram(-) bacterial strains maintaining at the same time good biocompatibility with the oral environment. Some structural elements of the monomers were clearly related to high antibacterial properties, and this can help design new active structures and better understand their mechanism of action.
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2
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Orlando I, Basnett P, Nigmatullin R, Wang W, Knowles JC, Roy I. Chemical Modification of Bacterial Cellulose for the Development of an Antibacterial Wound Dressing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:557885. [PMID: 33072722 PMCID: PMC7543992 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.557885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose is a bacterially derived polymer with great potential for application in wound healing due to its innate properties such as high biocompatibility and biodegradability. In addition to this, it is naturally biosynthesized by bacteria as a hydrogel, which makes it an optimal substrate for the treatment of dry wounds, where additional moisture is required to facilitate the healing process. However, this polymer lacks antibacterial properties. As bacterial infections are becoming increasingly common and difficult to treat due to antimicrobial resistance, it is of crucial importance to develop strategies for the modification of cellulose to ensure protection against bacterial contamination. In this study, a green-chemistry approach was proposed for the functionalization of cellulose to introduce antibacterial functional groups. Two different active agents, namely glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride and glycidyl hexadecyl ether, were used for the covalent derivatization of the hydroxyl groups of glucose through a heterogeneous reaction in basic aqueous conditions. The modified material was chemically and mechanically characterized by solid-state techniques and rheological measurements. A biological assessment was then carried out both using bacterial cells and human keratinocytes. It was observed that the functionalization performed induced a reduction of approximately half of the bacterial population within 24 h of direct contact with Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Rosenbach 6538PTM and Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers ATCC® 8739TM (respectively, a reduction of 53% and 43% in the cell number was registered for the two strains). In parallel, cytotoxicity studies performed on keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line) showed cell viability in the range of 90 to 100% for up to 6 days of direct contact with both unmodified and modified samples. The morphology of the cells was also visually evaluated, and no significant difference was noted as compared to the control. Finally, the in vitro scratch assay evidenced good wound closure rates in the presence of the samples, with complete coverage of the scratched area after 5 days for both the modified cellulose and the positive control (i.e., keratinocytes growth medium). Overall, the modified hydrogel showed promising features, confirming its potential as an alternative substrate to develop a sustainable, antibacterial and biocompatible wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Orlando
- School of Biosciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Clermont–Ferrand, France
| | - Pooja Basnett
- School of Biosciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rinat Nigmatullin
- Advanced Composites Collaboration for Science and Innovation, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, University College London (UCL) Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 Plus NBM, Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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3
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Aminoroaya A, Esmaeely Neisiany R, Nouri Khorasani S, Panahi P, Das O, Ramakrishna S. A Review of Dental Composites: Methods of Characterizations. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3713-3744. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Aminoroaya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany
- Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
| | - Saied Nouri Khorasani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Parisa Panahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Oisik Das
- Material Science Division, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
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Application of Antibiotics/Antimicrobial Agents on Dental Caries. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5658212. [PMID: 32076608 PMCID: PMC7013294 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5658212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries is the most common oral disease. The bacteriological aetiology of dental caries promotes the use of antibiotics or antimicrobial agents to prevent this type of oral infectious disease. Antibiotics have been developed for more than 80 years since Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, and systemic antibiotics have been used to treat dental caries for a long time. However, new types of antimicrobial agents have been developed to fight against dental caries. The purpose of this review is to focus on the application of systemic antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents with respect to their clinical use to date, including the history of their development, and their side effects, uses, structure types, and molecular mechanisms to promote a better understanding of the importance of microbial interactions in dental plaque and combinational treatments.
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5
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Jiao Y, Tay FR, Niu LN, Chen JH. Advancing antimicrobial strategies for managing oral biofilm infections. Int J Oral Sci 2019; 11:28. [PMID: 31570700 PMCID: PMC6802668 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective control of oral biofilm infectious diseases represents a major global challenge. Microorganisms in biofilms exhibit increased drug tolerance compared with planktonic cells. The present review covers innovative antimicrobial strategies for controlling oral biofilm-related infections published predominantly over the past 5 years. Antimicrobial dental materials based on antimicrobial agent release, contact-killing and multi-functional strategies have been designed and synthesized for the prevention of initial bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation on the tooth and material surface. Among the therapeutic approaches for managing biofilms in clinical practice, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy has emerged as an alternative to antimicrobial regimes and mechanical removal of biofilms, and cold atmospheric plasma shows significant advantages over conventional antimicrobial approaches. Nevertheless, more preclinical studies and appropriately designed and well-structured multi-center clinical trials are critically needed to obtain reliable comparative data. The acquired information will be helpful in identifying the most effective antibacterial solutions and the most optimal circumstances to utilize these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Stomatology, the 7th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, the Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
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6
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Zhang M, Zeng G, Liao X, Wang Y. An antibacterial and biocompatible piperazine polymer. RSC Adv 2019; 9:10135-10147. [PMID: 35520902 PMCID: PMC9062374 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial repellence by biomedical materials is a desirable property that can potentially improve the healing process. In this study, we described a simple and green method to prepare a novel piperazine polymer (PE), which was based on the raw materials piperazine (PA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride (EDTAD). The structure and thermal stability of the obtained material were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), elementary analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). To evaluate the antibacterial properties of PE, a strain of Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria and a strain of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria were used. The results indicated that PE exhibited good antibacterial activity against both strains of bacteria in a short time frame. The initial cytotoxicity test of the obtained material was based on the changes in the morphology and proliferation of osteoblasts, and the results demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of PE was concentration-dependent. Combining the experimental results of these two parts, it was shown that bacteria could be inhibited by a certain concentration of PE, while its toxicity toward osteoblasts was very low. In summary, these results revealed the potential usefulness of PE in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolan Zhang
- Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China +86 17830862118 +86 17830862118
| | - Guoming Zeng
- Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China +86 17830862118 +86 17830862118
| | - Xiaoling Liao
- Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China +86 17830862118 +86 17830862118
| | - Yuanliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education Chongqing 400044 China
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7
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Balhaddad AA, Kansara AA, Hidan D, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Toward dental caries: Exploring nanoparticle-based platforms and calcium phosphate compounds for dental restorative materials. Bioact Mater 2018; 4:43-55. [PMID: 30582079 PMCID: PMC6299130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide suffer from a toothache due to tooth cavity, and often permanent tooth loss. Dental caries, also known as tooth decay, is a biofilm-dependent infectious disease that damages teeth by minerals loss and presents a high incidence of clinical restorative polymeric fillings (tooth colored fillings). Until now, restorative polymeric fillings present no bioactivity. The complexity of oral biofilms contributes to the difficulty in developing effective novel dental materials. Nanotechnology has been explored in the development of bioactive dental materials to reduce or modulate the activities of caries-related bacteria. Nano-structured platforms based on calcium phosphate and metallic particles have advanced to impart an anti-caries potential to restorative materials. The bioactivity of these platforms induces prevention of mineral loss of the hard tooth structure and antibacterial activities against caries-related pathogens. It has been suggested that this bioactivity could minimize the incidence of caries around restorations (CARS) and increase the longevity of such filling materials. The last few years witnessed growing numbers of studies on the preparation evaluations of these novel materials. Herein, the caries disease process and the role of pathogenic caries-related biofilm, the increasing incidence of CARS, and the recent efforts employed for incorporation of bioactive nanoparticles in restorative polymer materials as useful strategies for prevention and management of caries-related-bacteria are discussed. We highlight the status of the most advanced and widely explored interaction of nanoparticle-based platforms and calcium phosphate compounds with an eye toward translating the potential of these approaches to the dental clinical reality. Current progress and future applications of functional nanoparticles and remineralizing compounds incorporated in dental direct restorative materials. Overview of the antibacterial and remineralizing mechanisms presenting direct and indirect implications on the tooth mineral loss. These investigations, although in the initial phase of evidence are necessary and their results are encouraging and open the doors to future clinical studies that will allow the therapeutic value of nanotechnology-based restorative materials to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anmar A Kansara
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, College of Dentistry, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denise Hidan
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Dept. of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Division of Operative Dentistry, Dept. of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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8
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Guterman R, Smith CA. Photopolymerization of Ionic Liquids – A Mutually Beneficial Approach for Materials Fabrication. Isr J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Guterman
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Christene A. Smith
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
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9
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Abstract
Currently, much has been published related to conventional resin-based composites and adhesives; however, little information is available about bioceramics-based restorative materials. The aim was to structure this topic into its component parts and to highlight the translational research that has been conducted up to the present time. A literature search was done from indexed journals up to September 2017. The main search terms used were based on dental resin-based composites, dental adhesives along with bioactive glass and the calcium phosphate family. The results showed that in 123 articles, amorphous calcium phosphate (39.83%), hydroxyapatite (23.5%), bioactive glass (16.2%), dicalcium phosphate (5.69%), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (3.25%), and tricalcium phosphate (2.43%) have been used in restorative materials. Moreover, seven studies were found related to a newly developed commercial bioactive composite. The utilization of bioactive materials for tooth restorations can promote remineralization and a durable seal of the tooth-material interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Samad Khan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
| | - Mariam Raza Syed
- Department of Dental Materials, University of Health Sciences.,Department of Dental Materials, Lahore Medical and Dental College
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10
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Arjmand N, Boruziniat A, Zakeri M, Mohammadipour HS. Microtensile bond strength of resin cement primer containing nanoparticles of silver (NAg) and amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) to human dentin. J Adv Prosthodont 2018; 10:177-183. [PMID: 29930786 PMCID: PMC6004357 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2018.10.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating nanoparticles of silver (NAg) and amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) into a self-etching primer of a resin cement on the microtensile bond strength of dentin, regarding the proven antibacterial feature of NAg and remineralizing effect of NACP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Flat, mid-coronal dentin from 20 intact extracted human third molars were prepared for cementation using Panavia F2.0 cement. The teeth were randomly divided into the four test groups (n=5) according to the experimental cement primer composition: cement primer without change (control group), primer with 1% (wt) of NACP, primer with 1% (wt) of physical mixture of NACP+Nag, and primer with 1% (wt) of chemical mixture of NACP+Nag. The resin cement was used according to the manufacturer's instructions. After storage in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 h, the bonded samples were sectioned longitudinally to produce 1.0 × 1.0 mm beams for micro-tensile bond strength testing in a universal testing machine. Failure modes at the dentin-resin interface were observed using a stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests and the level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS The lowest mean microtensile bond strength was obtained for the NACP group. Tukey's test showed that the bond strength of the control group was significantly higher than those of the other experimental groups, except for group 4 (chemical mixture of NACP and NAg; P=.67). CONCLUSION Novel chemical incorporation of NAg-NACP into the self-etching primer of resin cement does not compromise the dentin bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nushin Arjmand
- Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Bojnord University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Alireza Boruziniat
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Zakeri
- Postgraduate Student of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Wang S, Wang H, Ren B, Li X, Wang L, Zhou H, Weir MD, Zhou X, Masri RM, Oates TW, Cheng L, Xu HHK. Drug resistance of oral bacteria to new antibacterial dental monomer dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5509. [PMID: 29615732 PMCID: PMC5882658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Only two reports exist on drug-resistance of quaternary ammonium monomers against oral bacteria; both studies tested planktonic bacteria for 10 passages, and neither study tested biofilms or resins. The objectives of this study were to investigate the drug-resistance of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus gordonii against dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), and to evaluate biofilms on resins with repeated exposures for 20 passages for the first time. DMAHDM, dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) and chlorhexidine (CHX) were tested with planktonic bacteria. Biofilms were grown on a resin containing 3% DMAHDM. Minimum-inhibitory concentrations were measured. To detect drug-resistance, the survived bacteria from the previous passage were used as inoculum for the next passage for repeated exposures. S. gordonii developed drug-resistance against DMADDM and CHX, but not against DMAHDM. Biofilm colony-forming units (CFU) on DMAHDM-resin was reduced by 3–4 log; there was no difference from passages 1 to 20 (p > 0.1). No drug-resistance to DMAHDM was detected for all three bacterial species. In conclusion, this study showed that DMAHDM induced no drug-resistance, and DMAHDM-resin reduced biofilm CFU by 3–4 log, with no significant change from 1 to 20 passages. DMAHDM with potent antibacterial activities and no drug-resistance is promising for dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Deptartment of Cariology and Endodonics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Deptartment of Cariology and Endodonics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Deptartment of Cariology and Endodonics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Wang
- VIP Integrated Department, Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Deptartment of Cariology and Endodonics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Radi M Masri
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Deptartment of Cariology and Endodonics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore County, MD, 21250, USA. .,Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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12
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Chen H, Han Q, Zhou X, Zhang K, Wang S, Xu HHK, Weir MD, Feng M, Li M, Peng X, Ren B, Cheng L. Heat-Polymerized Resin Containing Dimethylaminododecyl Methacrylate Inhibits Candida albicans Biofilm. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10040431. [PMID: 28772791 PMCID: PMC5507000 DOI: 10.3390/ma10040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of stomatitis, especially caused by Candida albicans, has highlighted the need of new antifungal denture materials. This study aimed to develop an antifungal heat-curing resin containing quaternary ammonium monomer (dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate, DMADDM), and evaluate its physical performance and antifungal properties. The discs were prepared by incorporating DMADDM into the polymer liquid of a methyl methacrylate-based, heat-polymerizing resin at 0% (control), 5%, 10%, and 20% (w/w). Flexure strength, bond quality, surface charge density, and surface roughness were measured to evaluate the physical properties of resin. The specimens were incubated with C. albicans solution in medium to form biofilms. Then Colony-Forming Units, XTT assay, and scanning electron microscope were used to evaluate antifungal effect of DMADDM-modified resin. DMADDM modified acrylic resin had no effect on the flexural strength, bond quality, and surface roughness, but it increased the surface charge density significantly. Meanwhile, this new resin inhibited the C. albicans biofilm significantly according to the XTT assay and CFU counting. The hyphae in C. albicans biofilm also reduced in DMADDM-containing groups observed by SEM. DMADDM modified acrylic resin was effective in the inhibition of C. albicans biofilm with good physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China.
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Keke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Suping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Mingye Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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De Sá KD, Figueira DR, Miguel SP, Correia TR, Silva AP, Correia IJ. 3D scaffolds coated with nanofibers displaying bactericidal activity for bone tissue applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2016.1236338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D. De Sá
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniela R. Figueira
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sónia P. Miguel
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago R. Correia
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Abílio P. Silva
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Aeroespaciais, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ilídio J. Correia
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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Abou Neel EA, Aljabo A, Strange A, Ibrahim S, Coathup M, Young AM, Bozec L, Mudera V. Demineralization-remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4743-4763. [PMID: 27695330 PMCID: PMC5034904 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s107624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization is a dynamic, complex, lifelong process by which living organisms control precipitations of inorganic nanocrystals within organic matrices to form unique hybrid biological tissues, for example, enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone. Understanding the process of mineral deposition is important for the development of treatments for mineralization-related diseases and also for the innovation and development of scaffolds. This review provides a thorough overview of the up-to-date information on the theories describing the possible mechanisms and the factors implicated as agonists and antagonists of mineralization. Then, the role of calcium and phosphate ions in the maintenance of teeth and bone health is described. Throughout the life, teeth and bone are at risk of demineralization, with particular emphasis on teeth, due to their anatomical arrangement and location. Teeth are exposed to food, drink, and the microbiota of the mouth; therefore, they have developed a high resistance to localized demineralization that is unmatched by bone. The mechanisms by which demineralization-remineralization process occurs in both teeth and bone and the new therapies/technologies that reverse demineralization or boost remineralization are also scrupulously discussed. Technologies discussed include composites with nano- and micron-sized inorganic minerals that can mimic mechanical properties of the tooth and bone in addition to promoting more natural repair of surrounding tissues. Turning these new technologies to products and practices would improve health care worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensanya Ali Abou Neel
- Division of Biomaterials, Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Anas Aljabo
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Adam Strange
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Salwa Ibrahim
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Melanie Coathup
- UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, London, UK
| | - Anne M Young
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Laurent Bozec
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Vivek Mudera
- UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, London, UK
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Cheng L, Zhang K, Weir MD, Melo MAS, Zhou X, Xu HHK. Nanotechnology strategies for antibacterial and remineralizing composites and adhesives to tackle dental caries. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:627-41. [PMID: 25723095 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is the most widespread disease and an economic burden. Nanotechnology is promising to inhibit caries by controlling biofilm acids and enhancing remineralization. Nanoparticles of silver were incorporated into composites/adhesives, along with quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs), to combat biofilms. Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) released calcium/phosphate ions, remineralized tooth-lesions and neutralized acids. By combining nanoparticles of silver/QAM/NACP, a new class of composites and adhesives with antibacterial and remineralization double benefits was developed. Various other nanoparticles including metal and oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO and TiO2, as well as polyethylenimine nanoparticles and their antibacterial capabilities in dental resins were also reviewed. These nanoparticles are promising for incorporation into dental composites/cements/sealants/bases/liners/adhesives. Therefore, nanotechnology has potential to significantly improve restorative and preventive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Nedeljkovic I, Teughels W, De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt KL. Is secondary caries with composites a material-based problem? Dent Mater 2015; 31:e247-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ge Y, Wang S, Zhou X, Wang H, Xu HHK, Cheng L. The Use of Quaternary Ammonium to Combat Dental Caries. MATERIALS 2015; 8:3532-3549. [PMID: 26635932 PMCID: PMC4665981 DOI: 10.3390/ma8063532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Resin composites and adhesives are increasingly popular in dental restorations, but secondary caries is one of the main reasons for restoration failure. Quaternary ammonium monomers (QAMs) have an anti-microbial effect and are widely used in many fields. Since the concept of the immobilized antibacterial effect was put forward, dental restorations containing QAMs have been studied to reduce secondary caries. Previous studies have been struggling to develop novel anti-caries materials which might have triple benefits: good mechanical properties, antibacterial effects and remineralization potentials. Different kinds of QAMs have been proven to be effective in inhibiting the growth and metabolism of biofilms. Combination of QAMs and other nanoparticles in resin composites and adhesives could enhance their anti-caries capability. Therefore, QAMs are promising to show significant impact on the future of restorative and preventive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; E-Mails: (Y.G.); (S.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Suping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; E-Mails: (Y.G.); (S.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; E-Mails: (Y.G.); (S.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; E-Mails: (Y.G.); (S.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China; E-Mails: (Y.G.); (S.W.); (X.Z.); (H.W.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-28-8550-1439; Fax: +86-28-8558-2167
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Feng J, Cheng L, Zhou X, Xu HHK, Weir MD, Meyer M, Maurer H, Li Q, Hannig M, Rupf S. In situ antibiofilm effect of glass-ionomer cement containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate. Dent Mater 2015; 31:992-1002. [PMID: 26059241 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate antibiofilm effects of a recently developed glass ionomer cement (GIC) containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) under oral conditions. METHODS Biofilms were allowed to form in situ on GIC specimens (n=216) which contained DMADDM (1.1wt.% or 2.2wt.%). Samples without DMADDM served as control (n=108). GIC specimens were fixed on custom made splints and exposed to the oral cavity in six healthy volunteers for 24, 48 and 72h, respectively. Biofilm viability and coverage were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy (FM) and evaluated by red/green ratios and an established scoring system. Bacterial morphology and biofilm accumulation were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, material properties as surface charge density of quaternary ammonium groups, surface roughness and DMADDM release were recorded. RESULTS FM results showed a higher ratio (24h: 0%: 0.5, 1.1%: 1.2, 2.2%: 2.5) of red/green fluorescence on GIC samples containing DMADDM. Biofilm coverage and viability scores were significantly reduced (24h: q1/median/q3 for: 0%: 3/4/5, 1.1%: 2/3/3, 2.2%: 1/2/2) on DMADDM containing samples compared to controls after 24h as well as 48 and 72h in situ (p<0.05). While surface charge density of quaternary ammonium groups and DMADDM release increased with the DMADDM concentration, surface roughness was lowest on specimens containing 2.2wt.% DMADDM. SIGNIFICANCE An in situ dental biofilm model was used to evaluate the novel GIC containing DMADDM. This material strongly inhibited biofilms in situ and is promising to prevent bacterial colonization on the surface of restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Markus Meyer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Hans Maurer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Qian Li
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Stefan Rupf
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Farrugia C, Camilleri J. Antimicrobial properties of conventional restorative filling materials and advances in antimicrobial properties of composite resins and glass ionomer cements—A literature review. Dent Mater 2015; 31:e89-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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He J, Söderling E, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. Synthesis of antibacterial and radio-opaque dimethacrylate monomers and their potential application in dental resin. Dent Mater 2014; 30:968-76. [PMID: 24938926 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, three dimethacrylate quaternary ammonium compounds N,N-bis[2-(3-(methacryloyloxy)propanamido)ethyl]-N-methyldodecyl ammonium iodide (QADMAI-12), N,N-bis[2-(3-(methacryloyloxy)propanamido)ethyl]-N-methylhexadecyl-ammonium iodide (QADMAI-16), and N,N-bis[2-(3-(methacryloyloxy)propanamido)ethyl]-N-methyloctadectyl ammonium iodide (QADMAI-18) were synthesized and proposed to be used as antibacterial and radio-opaque agents in dental resin. METHODS All QADMAIs were synthesized through a 2-steps reaction route, and their structures were confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra. Antibacterial activities against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) of QADMAIs were measured by agar diffusion test. Each QADMAI was mixed with TEGDMA (50/50, w/w) and photoinitiation system (0.7 wt% of CQ and 0.7 wt% of DMAEMA) to form resin system. Degree of monomer conversion (DC) was determined by FT-IR analysis. The flexural strength (FS) and modulus (FM) of the polymer were measured using a three-point bending set up. Radiograph was taken to determine the radio-opacity of the polymer, and aluminum step-wedge (0.5-4 mm) was used as calibration standard. Surface charge density was measured using fluorescein binding. A single-species biofilm model with S. mutans as the tests organism was used to evaluate the antibacterial property of the polymer. Bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin system was used as control material in all of the tests. RESULTS FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra showed that the structures of QADMAIs were the same as designed. ANOVA analysis revealed that antibacterial activity of QADMAI decreased with the increasing of alkyl chain length (p<0.05). QADMAI containing polymers had higher DC (p<0.05) but lower FS and FM (p<0.05) than control polymer. Alkyl chain length had no influence on DC (p>0.05), but FS and FM of QADMAI-12 containing polymer were better than those of QADMAI-16 and QADMAI-18 containing polymers (p<0.05). QADMAI containing polymers had much better radio-opacity than control polymer (p<0.05), and the radio-opacity of polymer decreased with the increasing of alkyl chain length (p<0.05). All of QADMAIs containing polymers had higher surface charge density than control polymer (p<0.05), and surface charge densities of QADMAI-12 and QADMAI-16 containing polymers were nearly the same (p>0.05) which were higher than that of QADMAI-18 containing polymer (p<0.05). All of QADMAI containing polymers had good inhibitory effect on biofilm formation. SIGNIFICANCE QADMAIs had no miscibility problem with TEGDMA, and QADMAIs could endow dental resin with both antibacterial activity and radio-opacity. Formulation of QADMAI containing resin should be optimized in terms of mechanical stregth to satisfy the requirements of dental resin for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei He
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry and Biocity Turku Biomaterial Research Program, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland; Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland; College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Eva Söderling
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Lippo V J Lassila
- Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland; College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Pekka K Vallittu
- Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland; College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
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Li F, Weir MD, Fouad AF, Xu HHK. Time-kill behaviour against eight bacterial species and cytotoxicity of antibacterial monomers. J Dent 2013; 41:881-91. [PMID: 23876930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) the antibacterial activity of two antibacterial monomers, dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) and dimethylammoniumethyl dimethacrylate (DMAEDM), against eight different species of oral pathogens for the first time; (2) the cytotoxicity of DMAEDM and DMADDM. METHODS DMAEDM and DMADDM were synthesized by reacting a tertiary amine group with an organo-halide. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against eight species of bacteria were tested. Time-kill determinations were performed to examine the bactericidal kinetics. Cytotoxicity of monomers on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) was assessed using a methyl thiazolyltetrazolium assay and live/dead viability assay. RESULTS DMADDM showed strong bactericidal activity against all bacteria, with MIC of 1.2-9.8μg/mL. DMAEDM had MIC of 20-80mg/mL. Time-kill determinations indicated that DMADDM and DMAEDM had rapid killing effects against eight species of bacteria, and eliminated all bacteria in 30min at the concentration of 4-fold MBC. Median lethal concentration for DMADDM and DMAEDM was between 20 and 40μg/mL, which was 20-fold higher than 1-2μg/mL for BisGMA control. CONCLUSIONS DMAEDM and DMADDM were tested in time-kill assay against eight species of oral bacteria for the first time. Both were effective in bacteria-inhibition, but DMADDM had a higher potency than DMAEDM. Different killing efficacy was found against different bacteria species. DMAEDM and DMADDM had much lower cytotoxicity than BisGMA. Therefore, DMADDM and DMAEDM are promising for use in bonding agents and other restorative/preventive materials to combat a variety of oral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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He J, Söderling E, Vallittu PK, Lassila LV. Investigation of double bond conversion, mechanical properties, and antibacterial activity of dental resins with different alkyl chain length quaternary ammonium methacrylate monomers (QAM). JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 24:565-73. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2012.699709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei He
- a Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry and Biocity Turku Biomaterial Research Program , University of Turku , Turku , 20520 , Finland
- b Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC , University of Turku , Turku , 20520 , Finland
- c College of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510641 , China
| | - Eva Söderling
- d Institute of Dentistry , University of Turku , Turku , 20520 , Finland
| | - Pekka K. Vallittu
- a Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry and Biocity Turku Biomaterial Research Program , University of Turku , Turku , 20520 , Finland
- b Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC , University of Turku , Turku , 20520 , Finland
| | - Lippo V.J. Lassila
- a Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry and Biocity Turku Biomaterial Research Program , University of Turku , Turku , 20520 , Finland
- b Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC , University of Turku , Turku , 20520 , Finland
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Cheng L, Weir MD, Zhang K, Xu SM, Chen Q, Zhou X, Xu HHK. Antibacterial nanocomposite with calcium phosphate and quaternary ammonium. J Dent Res 2012; 91:460-6. [PMID: 22403412 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512440579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary caries is a frequent reason for restoration failure, resulting from acidogenic bacteria and their biofilms. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel nanocomposite containing nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) and quaternary ammonium dimethacrylate (QADM); and (2) investigate its mechanical and antibacterial durability. A spray-drying technique yielded NACP with particle size of 116 nm. The nanocomposite contained NACP and reinforcement glass fillers, with QADM in the resin. Two commercial composites were tested as controls. Composites were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans. After 180-day water-aging, NACP+QADM nanocomposite had flexural strength and elastic modulus matching those of commercial controls (p > 0.1). NACP+QADM nanocomposite reduced the biofilm colony-forming units (CFU) by 3-fold, compared with commercial composites (p < 0.05). Metabolic activity and lactic acid production of biofilms on NACP+QADM were much less than those on commercial composites (p < 0.05). The antibacterial properties of NACP+QADM were maintained after water-aging for 30, 90, and 180 d (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the novel NACP-QADM nanocomposite greatly decreased biofilm metabolic activity, CFU, and lactic acid, while matching the load-bearing capability of commercial composites without antibacterial properties. The NACP-QADM nanocomposite with strong and durable antibacterial properties, together with its previously reported Ca-PO(4) release capability, may render it useful for caries-inhibiting restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cheng
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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