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Xin W, Baokun Z, Zhiheng C, Qiang S, Erzhu Y, Jianguang X, Xiaofeng L. Biodegradable bilayer hydrogel membranes loaded with bazedoxifene attenuate blood-spinal cord barrier disruption via the NF-κB pathway after acute spinal cord injury. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:140-155. [PMID: 36736849 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption and hemorrhage lead to blood cell infiltration and progressive secondary injuries. Therefore, early restoration of the BSCB represents a key step in the treatment of SCI. Bazedoxifene (BZA), a third-generation estrogen receptor modulator, has recently been reported to inhibit inflammation and alleviate blood-brain barrier disruption caused by traumatic brain injury, attracting great interest in the field of central nervous system injury and repair. However, whether BZA can attenuate BSCB disruption and contribute to SCI repair remains unknown. Here, we developed a new type of biomaterial carrier and constructed a BZA-loaded HSPT (hyaluronic acid (HA), sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), tetramethylpropane (TPA) material construction) (HSPT@Be) system to effectively deliver BZA to the site of SCI. We found that HSPT@Be could significantly reduce inflammation in the spinal cord in SCI rats and attenuate BSCB disruption by providing covering scaffold, inhibiting oxidative stress, and upregulating tight junction proteins, which was mediated by regulation of the NF-κB/MMP signaling pathway. Importantly, functional assessment showed the evident improvement of behavioral functions in the HSPT@Be-treated SCI rats. These results indicated that HSPT@Be can attenuate BSCB disruption via the NF-κB pathway after SCI, shedding light on its potential therapeutic benefit for SCI. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: After spinal cord injury, blood-spinal cord barrier disruption and hemorrhage lead to blood cell infiltration and progressive secondary injuries. Bazedoxifene has recently been reported to inhibit inflammation and alleviate blood-brain barrier disruption caused by traumatic brain injury. However, whether BZA can attenuate BSCB disruption and contribute to SCI repair remains unknown. In this study, we developed a new type of biomaterial carrier and constructed a bazedoxifene-loaded HSPT (HSPT@Be) system to efficiently treat SCI. HSPT@Be could provide protective coverage, inhibit oxidative stress, and upregulate tight junction proteins through NF-κB/MMP pathway both in vivo and in vitro, therefore attenuating BSCB disruption. Our study fills the application gap of biomaterials in BSCB restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhang Baokun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chen Zhiheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shi Qiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yang Erzhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xu Jianguang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Lian Xiaofeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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Feng C, Deng L, Yong YY, Wu JM, Qin DL, Yu L, Zhou XG, Wu AG. The Application of Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:816. [PMID: 36614259 PMCID: PMC9821025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The spinal cord and the brain form the central nervous system (CNS), which is the most important part of the body. However, spinal cord injury (SCI) caused by external forces is one of the most difficult types of neurological injury to treat, resulting in reduced or even absent motor, sensory and autonomic functions. It leads to the reduction or even disappearance of motor, sensory and self-organizing nerve functions. Currently, its incidence is increasing each year worldwide. Therefore, the development of treatments for SCI is urgently needed in the clinic. To date, surgery, drug therapy, stem cell transplantation, regenerative medicine, and rehabilitation therapy have been developed for the treatment of SCI. Among them, regenerative biomaterials that use tissue engineering and bioscaffolds to transport cells or drugs to the injured site are considered the most promising option. In this review, we briefly introduce SCI and its molecular mechanism and summarize the application of biomaterials in the repair and regeneration of tissue in various models of SCI. However, there is still limited evidence about the treatment of SCI with biomaterials in the clinic. Finally, this review will provide inspiration and direction for the future study and application of biomaterials in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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3
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Chen L, Wang W, Lin Z, Lu Y, Chen H, Li B, Li Z, Xia H, Li L, Zhang T. Conducting molybdenum sulfide/graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite hydrogel for repairing spinal cord injury. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:210. [PMID: 35524268 PMCID: PMC9074236 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A sort of composite hydrogel with good biocompatibility, suppleness, high conductivity, and anti-inflammatory activity based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and molybdenum sulfide/graphene oxide (MoS2/GO) nanomaterial has been developed for spinal cord injury (SCI) restoration. The developed (MoS2/GO/PVA) hydrogel exhibits excellent mechanical properties, outstanding electronic conductivity, and inflammation attenuation activity. It can promote neural stem cells into neurons differentiation as well as inhibit the astrocytes development in vitro. In addition, the composite hydrogel shows a high anti-inflammatory effect. After implantation of the composite hydrogel in mice, it could activate the endogenous regeneration of the spinal cord and inhibit the activation of glial cells in the injured area, thus resulting in the recovery of locomotor function. Overall, our work provides a new sort of hydrogels for SCI reparation, which shows great promise for improving the dilemma in SCI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Chen
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanshun Wang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Zefeng Lin
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Southern Medical University, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Road, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China.,Southern Medical University, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Binglin Li
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhan Li
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China. .,Southern Medical University, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Orthopedic Center, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China. .,Southern Medical University, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang Q, Shi B, Ding J, Yan L, Thawani JP, Fu C, Chen X. Polymer scaffolds facilitate spinal cord injury repair. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:57-77. [PMID: 30710714 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, improving patient neurological recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) has remained a challenge. An effective treatment for SCI would not only reduce fractured elements and isolate developing local glial scars to promote axonal regeneration but also ameliorate secondary effects, including inflammation, apoptosis, and necrosis. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds provide a platform in which these mechanisms can be addressed in a controlled manner. Polymer scaffolds with favorable biocompatibility and appropriate mechanical properties have been engineered to minimize cicatrization, customize drug release, and ensure an unobstructed space to promote cell growth and differentiation. These properties make polymer scaffolds an important potential therapeutic platform. This review highlights the recent developments in polymer scaffolds for SCI engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: How to improve the efficacy of neurological recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) is always a challenge. Tissue engineering provides a promising strategy for SCI repair, and scaffolds are one of the most important elements in addition to cells and inducing factors. The review highlights recent development and future prospects in polymer scaffolds for SCI therapy. The review will guide future studies by outlining the requirements and characteristics of polymer scaffold technologies employed against SCI. Additionally, the peculiar properties of polymer materials used in the therapeutic process of SCI also have guiding significance to other tissue engineering approaches.
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Ham TR, Leipzig ND. Biomaterial strategies for limiting the impact of secondary events following spinal cord injury. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:024105. [PMID: 29155409 PMCID: PMC5824690 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa9bbb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The nature of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) often involves limited recovery and long-term quality of life complications. The initial injury sets off a variety of secondary cascades, which result in an expanded lesion area. Ultimately, the native tissue fails to regenerate. As treatments are developed in the laboratory, the management of this secondary cascade is an important first step in achieving recovery of normal function. Current literature identifies four broad targets for intervention: inflammation, oxidative stress, disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier, and formation of an inhibitory glial scar. Because of the complex and interconnected nature of these events, strategies that combine multiple therapies together show much promise. Specifically, approaches that rely on biomaterials to perform a variety of functions are generating intense research interest. In this review, we examine each target and discuss how biomaterials are currently used to address them. Overall, we show that there are an impressive amount of biomaterials and combinatorial treatments which show good promise for slowing secondary events and improving outcomes. If more emphasis is placed on growing our understanding of how materials can manage secondary events, treatments for SCI can be designed in an increasingly rational manner, ultimately improving their potential for translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor R Ham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Auburn Science and Engineering Center 275, West Tower, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3908, United States of America
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Carvacrol/clay hybrids loaded into in situ gelling films. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:676-688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Kim DW, Kim KS, Seo YG, Lee BJ, Park YJ, Youn YS, Kim JO, Yong CS, Jin SG, Choi HG. Novel sodium fusidate-loaded film-forming hydrogel with easy application and excellent wound healing. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Development and characterization of novel polyurethane films impregnated with tolfenamic acid for therapeutic applications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:178973. [PMID: 24073394 PMCID: PMC3773997 DOI: 10.1155/2013/178973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study deals with the preparation of polyurethane (PU) films impregnated with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, tolfenamic acid (TA). Solvent evaporation technique has been employed for the preparation of TA-PU films in two different ratios of 1 : 2 and 1 : 5 in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) or THF-ethanol mixtures. The prepared films were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and release studies. The results indicate transformation of crystalline TA to its amorphous form. The degree of crystallinity changes both by increasing the polymer concentration and solvent used for the film preparations. The release profiles of TA were also found to be affected, showing a decrease from approximately 50% to 25% from 1 : 2 to 1 : 5 ratios, respectively.
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9
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Biomaterials for spinal cord repair. Neurosci Bull 2013; 29:445-59. [PMID: 23864367 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-013-1362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in permanent loss of function leading to often devastating personal, economic and social problems. A contributing factor to the permanence of SCI is that damaged axons do not regenerate, which prevents the re-establishment of axonal circuits involved in function. Many groups are working to develop treatments that address the lack of axon regeneration after SCI. The emergence of biomaterials for regeneration and increased collaboration between engineers, basic and translational scientists, and clinicians hold promise for the development of effective therapies for SCI. A plethora of biomaterials is available and has been tested in various models of SCI. Considering the clinical relevance of contusion injuries, we primarily focus on polymers that meet the specific criteria for addressing this type of injury. Biomaterials may provide structural support and/or serve as a delivery vehicle for factors to arrest growth inhibition and promote axonal growth. Designing materials to address the specific needs of the damaged central nervous system is crucial and possible with current technology. Here, we review the most prominent materials, their optimal characteristics, and their potential roles in repairing and regenerating damaged axons following SCi.
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10
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Patel NU, Purser CA, Baker RC, Janorkar AV. Effect of Processing Temperature on the Morphology and Drug-Release Characteristics of Elastin-Like Polypeptide–Collagen Composite Coatings. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2891-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bm4007425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neha U. Patel
- Department
of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry,
and ‡Department of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street,
Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
| | - Christine A. Purser
- Department
of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry,
and ‡Department of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street,
Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
| | - Rodney C. Baker
- Department
of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry,
and ‡Department of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street,
Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
| | - Amol V. Janorkar
- Department
of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry,
and ‡Department of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street,
Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
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