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Evaluation of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/tetraphenylethylene/amphotericin B-based visualized antimicrobial nanofiber wound dressing for whole skin wound healing in rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12063. [PMID: 36561676 PMCID: PMC9764202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to develop a novel nanofiber wound dressing with multiple functional properties that combines suitable mechanical properties, slow and controlled drug release, antifungal activity, and visual drug monitoring to accelerate wound healing while reducing systemic circulation of the drug, achieving reduced dose and side effects, and achieving patient satisfaction and compliance. In this paper, visualized nanofiber films were prepared using electrostatic spinning technology. This nanofiber wound dressing has soft tissue-like mechanical and antifungal properties and is biocompatible. In particular, the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)/tetraphenylethylene (TPE)/amphotericin B (AMB) nanofiber films showed good performance in terms of antifungal activity and cytocompatibility compared with medical gauze, and significantly accelerated the wound healing process in a mouse total wound defect model with PCL+PVP+TPE+AMB+PNIPAAm. The wound healing rate of nanofibrous membrane group was 100% at 14 days. In addition, histological analysis, collagen deposition and immunohistochemistry showed, for example, fewer inflammatory cells, more fibroblasts around the damaged area, increased wound epithelial atrophy, reduced granulation tissue, connective tissue reconstruction, epithelial tissue formation, and abundant small angiogenesis in the dermis near the epidermis; a higher level of collagen deposition fraction of 49.97%; and a simultaneous reduction in HIF-1α production and upregulated the expression of CD31. In conclusion, this antifungal nanofiber film showed promising applications throughout the skin wound healing process.
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Pitsalidis C, Pappa AM, Boys AJ, Fu Y, Moysidou CM, van Niekerk D, Saez J, Savva A, Iandolo D, Owens RM. Organic Bioelectronics for In Vitro Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4700-4790. [PMID: 34910876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics have made strides in improving clinical diagnostics and precision medicine. The potential of bioelectronics for bidirectional interfacing with biology through continuous, label-free monitoring on one side and precise control of biological activity on the other has extended their application scope to in vitro systems. The advent of microfluidics and the considerable advances in reliability and complexity of in vitro models promise to eventually significantly reduce or replace animal studies, currently the gold standard in drug discovery and toxicology testing. Bioelectronics are anticipated to play a major role in this transition offering a much needed technology to push forward the drug discovery paradigm. Organic electronic materials, notably conjugated polymers, having demonstrated technological maturity in fields such as solar cells and light emitting diodes given their outstanding characteristics and versatility in processing, are the obvious route forward for bioelectronics due to their biomimetic nature, among other merits. This review highlights the advances in conjugated polymers for interfacing with biological tissue in vitro, aiming ultimately to develop next generation in vitro systems. We showcase in vitro interfacing across multiple length scales, involving biological models of varying complexity, from cell components to complex 3D cell cultures. The state of the art, the possibilities, and the challenges of conjugated polymers toward clinical translation of in vitro systems are also discussed throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE
| | - Alexander J Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Douglas van Niekerk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Donata Iandolo
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
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Munawar MA, Schubert DW. Revealing Electrical and Mechanical Performances of Highly Oriented Electrospun Conductive Nanofibers of Biopolymers with Tunable Diameter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910295. [PMID: 34638631 PMCID: PMC8509057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study outlines a reliable approach to determining the electrical conductivity and elasticity of highly oriented electrospun conductive nanofibers of biopolymers. The highly oriented conductive fibers are fabricated by blending a high molar mass polyethylene oxide (PEO), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polylactic acid (PLA) with polyaniline (PANi) filler. The filler-matrix interaction and molar mass (M) of host polymer are among governing factors for variable fiber diameter. The conductivity as a function of filler fraction (φ) is shown and described using a McLachlan equation to reveal the electrical percolation thresholds (φc) of the nanofibers. The molar mass of biopolymer, storage time, and annealing temperature are significant factors for φc. The Young’s modulus (E) of conductive fibers is dependent on filler fraction, molar mass, and post-annealing process. The combination of high orientation, tunable diameter, tunable conductivity, tunable elasticity, and biodegradability makes the presented nanofibers superior to the fibers described in previous literature and highly desirable for various biomedical and technical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. Munawar
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Department of Material Science, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- KeyLab Advanced Fiber Technology, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Dr.-Mack-Strasse 77, 90762 Fürth, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Dirk W. Schubert
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Department of Material Science, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- KeyLab Advanced Fiber Technology, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Dr.-Mack-Strasse 77, 90762 Fürth, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (D.W.S.)
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Zha F, Chen W, Hao L, Wu C, Lu M, Zhang L, Yu D. Electrospun cellulose-based conductive polymer nanofibrous mats: composite scaffolds and their influence on cell behavior with electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6591-6598. [PMID: 32597437 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00593b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of scaffolds with suitable chemical, physical, and electrical properties is critical for nerve cell adhesion and proliferation. Recently, electrical stimulation on conductive polymers has been applied to construct functional nerve cell scaffolds. Herein, we prepared natural polymer (cellulose)/conductive polymer nanofibrous mats, i.e., electrospun cellulose (EC)/poly N-vinylpyrrole (PNVPY) and EC/poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) through an efficient in situ polymerization method. The surface immobilization was characterized by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, hydrophilicity, porosity, and cyclic voltammetry. The OM and SEM images showed that PNVPY formed polymer coatings and aggregated nanoparticles on the EC nanofibers, while P3HT only produced polymer coatings. Compared with pure EC mats, both the composite mats had increased thickness, higher porosity, and higher conductivity. Also, an increase in hydrophilicity was found for EC/P3HT. In vivo cytocompatibility of the undifferentiated PC12 cells showed that the EC/PNVPY and EC/P3HT scaffolds exhibited favorable cell activity, adhesion, and proliferation. Furthermore, the results of electrical stimulation experiments indicated that the EC/P3HT mats could effectively promote the proliferation of the PC12 cells more than the EC and EC/PNVPY mats. The findings suggest a positive outcome regarding the conductive polymer-modified EC/PNVPY and EC/P3HT nanofibrous mats in neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwen Zha
- School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipments, MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lu Hao
- School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipments, MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Chunsheng Wu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Meng Lu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Department of Nanoengineering, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, NC A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Demei Yu
- School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipments, MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
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Carbon Biomaterials. Biomater Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816137-1.00025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jenkins TL, Little D. Synthetic scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering: cellular responses to fiber parameters. NPJ Regen Med 2019; 4:15. [PMID: 31263573 PMCID: PMC6597555 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-019-0076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering often uses synthetic scaffolds to direct cell responses during engineered tissue development. Since cells reside within specific niches of the extracellular matrix, it is important to understand how the matrix guides cell response and then incorporate this knowledge into scaffold design. The goal of this review is to review elements of cell-matrix interactions that are critical to informing and evaluating cellular response on synthetic scaffolds. Therefore, this review examines fibrous proteins of the extracellular matrix and their effects on cell behavior, followed by a discussion of the cellular responses elicited by fiber diameter, alignment, and scaffold porosity of two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) synthetic scaffolds. Variations in fiber diameter, alignment, and scaffold porosity guide stem cells toward different lineages. Cells generally exhibit rounded morphology on nanofibers, randomly oriented fibers, and low-porosity scaffolds. Conversely, cells exhibit elongated, spindle-shaped morphology on microfibers, aligned fibers, and high-porosity scaffolds. Cells migrate with higher velocities on nanofibers, aligned fibers, and high-porosity scaffolds but migrate greater distances on microfibers, aligned fibers, and highly porous scaffolds. Incorporating relevant biomimetic factors into synthetic scaffolds destined for specific tissue application could take advantage of and further enhance these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lee Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Dianne Little
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
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Hosoyama K, Ahumada M, Goel K, Ruel M, Suuronen EJ, Alarcon EI. Electroconductive materials as biomimetic platforms for tissue regeneration. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:444-458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zadeh MHR, Seifi M, Abdolrahimi M, Hadavi M. A comprehensive
in vitro
study of the carbon nanotube enhanced chitosan scaffolds for cancellous bone regeneration. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aab677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Cabiati M, Vozzi F, Gemma F, Montemurro F, De Maria C, Vozzi G, Domenici C, Del Ry S. Cardiac tissue regeneration: A preliminary study on carbon-based nanotubes gelatin scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:2750-2762. [PMID: 29206329 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was set-up and test of gelatin and carbon nanotubes scaffolds. Gelatin-based (5%) genipin cross-linked (0.2%) scaffolds embedding single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.3% w/w) were prepared and mechanically/electrically characterized. For biological evaluation, H9c2 cell line was cultured for 10 days. Cytotoxicity, cell growth and differentiation, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR analysis were performed. Myoblast and cardiac differentiation were obtained by serum reduction to 1% (C1% ) and stimulation with 50 nM all trans-retinoic acid (CRA ), respectively. Immunohistochemistry showed elongated myotubes in C1% while round and multinucleated cells in CRA with also a significantly increased expression of natriuretic peptides (NP) and ET-1 receptors in parallel with a decreased ET-1. On scaffolds, cell viability was similar for Gel-SWCNT0.3%/0.9% ; NP and ET systems expression decreased in both concentrations with respect to control and CX-43, mainly due to a lacking of complete differentiation in cardiac phenotype during that time. Although further analyses on novel biomaterials are necessary, these results represent a useful starting point to develop new biomaterial-based scaffolds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2750-2762, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francesca Montemurro
- Research Centre "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Research Centre "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Research Centre "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Wang C, Oh S, Lee HA, Kang J, Jeong KJ, Kang SW, Hwang DY, Lee J. In vivo feasibility test using transparent carbon nanotube-coated polydimethylsiloxane sheet at brain tissue and sciatic nerve. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1736-1745. [PMID: 28076883 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes, with their unique and outstanding properties, such as strong mechanical strength and high electrical conductivity, have become very popular for the repair of tissues, particularly for those requiring electrical stimuli. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based elastomers have been used in a wide range of biomedical applications because of their optical transparency, physiological inertness, blood compatibility, non-toxicity, and gas permeability. In present study, most of artificial nerve guidance conduits (ANGCs) are not transparent. It is hard to confirm the position of two stumps of damaged nerve during nerve surgery and the conduits must be cut open again to observe regenerative nerves after surgery. Thus, a novel preparation method was utilized to produce a transparent sheet using PDMS and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) via printing transfer method. Characterization of the PDMS/MWNT (PM) sheets revealed their unique physicochemical properties, such as superior mechanical strength, a certain degree of electrical conductivity, and high transparency. Characterization of the in vitro and in vivo usability was evaluated. PM sheets showed high biocompatibility and adhesive ability. In vivo feasibility tests of rat brain tissue and sciatic nerve revealed the high transparency of PM sheets, suggesting that it can be used in the further development of ANGCs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1736-1745, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caifeng Wang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjin Oh
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jae Jeong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Woo Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebeom Lee
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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Guarino V, D’Albore M, Altobelli R, Ambrosio L. Polymer Bioprocessing to Fabricate 3D Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. INT POLYM PROC 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Traditional methods for polymer processing involve the use of hazardous organic solvents which may compromise the biological function of scaffolds in tissue engineering. Indeed, the toxic effect of them on biological microenvironment has a tremendous impact on cell fate so altering the main activities involved in in vitro tissue formation. To date, extensive researches focus on seeking newer methods for bio-safely processing polymeric biomaterials to be implanted in the human body. Here, we aim at over viewing two approaches based on solvent free or green solvent based processes in order to identify alternative solutions to fabricate bio-inspired scaffolds to be successfully used in regenerative and degenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Guarino
- Institute for Polymers , Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples , Italy
| | - M. D’Albore
- Institute for Polymers , Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples , Italy
| | - R. Altobelli
- Institute for Polymers , Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples , Italy
| | - L. Ambrosio
- Institute for Polymers , Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples , Italy
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