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Sengar P, Chauhan K, Hirata GA. Progress on carbon dots and hydroxyapatite based biocompatible luminescent nanomaterials for cancer theranostics. Transl Oncol 2022; 24:101482. [PMID: 35841822 PMCID: PMC9293661 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible carbon dots (CDs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) have attracted much attention for the development of optical imaging probes. This review discusses the development of CD and nHA based nanomaterials as multifunctional agents for cancer theranostics. The effect of synthesis strategies and doping on photoluminescent properties along with tuning of emission in biological window has been briefly reviewed. The cancer targeting strategies, biocompatibility and biodistribution of CDs and nHA based luminescent probes is discussed. A summary of current challenges and future perspectives is provided.
Despite the significant advancement in cancer diagnosis and therapy, a huge burden remains. Consequently, much research has been diverted on the development of multifunctional nanomaterials for improvement in conventional diagnosis and therapy. Luminescent nanomaterials offer a versatile platform for the development of such materials as their intrinsic photoluminescence (PL) property offers convergence of diagnosis as well as therapy at the same time. However, the clinical translation of nanomaterials faces various challenges, including biocompatibility and cost-effective scale up production. Thus, luminescent materials with facile synthesis approach along with intrinsic biocompatibility and anticancerous activity hold significant importance. As a result, carbon dots (CDs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) have attracted much attention for the development of optical imaging probes. CDs are the newest members of the carbonaceous nanomaterials family that possess intrinsic luminescent and therapeutic properties, making them a promising candidate for cancer theranostic. Additionally, nHA is an excellent bioactive material due to its compositional similarity to the human bone matrix. The nHA crystal can efficiently host rare-earth elements to attain luminescent property, which can further be implemented for cancer theranostic applications. Herein, the development of CDs and nHA based nanomaterials as multifunctional agents for cancer has been briefly discussed. The emphasis has been given to different synthesis strategies leading to different morphologies and tunable PL spectra, followed by their diverse applications as biocompatible theranostic agents. Finally, the review has been summarized with the current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakhar Sengar
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México
| | - Kanchan Chauhan
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México
| | - Gustavo A Hirata
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México.
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Gu M, Li W, Jiang L, Li X. Recent Progress of Rare Earth Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles: Luminescence Properties, Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. Acta Biomater 2022; 148:22-43. [PMID: 35675891 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP NPs) are host materials and can be modified with various substrates and dopants. Among them, rare earth (RE) ions doped HAP NPs have gathered attention due to their unique physicochemical and imaging properties. Compared to other fluorescence probes, RE-doped HAP NPs display advantages in high brightness, high contrast, photostability, nonblinking, and narrow emission bands. Meanwhile, their intrinsic features (composition, morphology, size, crystallinity, and luminescence intensity) can be adjusted by changing the dopant ratio, synthesizing temperature, reaction time, and techniques. And they have been used in various biomedical applications, including imaging probe, drug delivery, bone tissue engineering, and antibacterial studies. This review surveys the luminescent properties, fluorescence enhancement, synthetic methods, and biocompatibility of various RE-doped HAP NPs consolidated from different research works, for their employments in biomedical applications. For this literature review, an electronic search was conducted in the Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and SciFinder databases, using the keywords: hydroxyapatite, rare earth, lanthanide, fluorescence, and imaging. Literature searches of English-language publications from 1979 with updates through April, 2022, and a total of 472 potential papers were identified. In addition, a few references were located by noting their citation in other studies reviewed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP NPs) have a broad range of promising biological applications. Although prospective biomedical applications are not limited to rare earth-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (RE-doped HAP NPs), some cases do make use of the distinctive features of RE-elements to achieve the expected functions for HAP families. This review surveys the luminescent properties, synthetic methods, and biocompatibility of various RE-doped HAP NPs consolidated from different research works, for their employments in biomedical applications, including imaging probe, drug delivery, bone tissue repair and tracking, and anti-bacteria. Overall, we expect to shed some light on broadening the research and application of RE-doped HAP NPs in biomedical field.
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Velusamy N, Sundarabharathi L, Saminathan RK. Microwave synthesis, characterization and antibacterial performance of dual mineralized nanohydroxyapatite for biomedical applications. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Singh G, Singh RP. Multifunctional strontium-sulphate co-substituted hydroxyapatite nanopowders. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang Y, Yao Y, Thirumurugan M, Prabakaran S, Rajan M, Wang K. Natural Drug-Loaded Bimetal-Substituted Hydroxyapatite-Polymeric Composite for Osteosarcoma-Affected Bone Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:731887. [PMID: 34616738 PMCID: PMC8488211 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.731887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repairing segmental bone deformities after resection of dangerous bone tumors is a long-standing clinical issue. The study's main objective is to synthesize a natural bioactive compound-loaded bimetal-substituted hydroxyapatite (BM-HA)-based composite for bone regeneration. The bimetal (copper and cadmium)-substituted HAs were prepared by the sol-gel method and reinforced with biocompatible polyacrylamide (BM-HA/PAA). Umbelliferone (UMB) drug was added to the BM-HA/PAA composite to enhance anticancer activity further. The composite's formation was confirmed by various physicochemical investigations, such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDAX, and HR-TEM techniques. The bioactivity was assessed by immersing the sample in simulated body fluid for 1, 3, and 7 days. The zeta potential values of BM-HA/PAA and BM-HA/PAA/UMB are -36.4 mV and -49.4 mV, respectively. The in vitro viability of the prepared composites was examined in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It shows the ability of the composite to produce osteogenic bone regeneration without any adverse effects. From the gene expression and PCR results, the final UMB-loaded composite induced osteogenic markers, such as Runx, OCN, and VEFG. The prepared bimetal substituted polyacrylamide reinforced HA composite loaded with UMB drug has the ability for bone repair/regenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Daxing Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongfeng Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Daxing Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Muthupandi Thirumurugan
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Selvakani Prabakaran
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Mariappan Rajan
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Sundarabharathi L, Ponnamma D, Parangusan H, Chinnaswamy M, Al-Maadeed MAA. Effect of anions on the structural,
morphological and dielectric properties of hydrothermally synthesized hydroxyapatite
nanoparticles. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1807-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Synthetic nano hydroxyapatites (HA) have been considered as
potential biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications because of its
excellent biological properties. The present work deals with the synthesis of HA
nanoparticles from different anion source materials via autoclave assisted
hydrothermal method. All the prepared HA nanoparticles were characterized by
X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectra, field emission
scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectra and high resolution
transmission electron microscopy. The XRD patterns reveal the pure and hexagonal
phase structure with smaller crystallite size for HA obtained from various
calcium salt precursors. HA particles prepared from nitrate precursors show
spherical morphology with 32 nm grain size whereas those derived from the
acetate, chloride and egg shell precursors respectively show needle-like,
irregular and oval morphology. The effect of different anions on the dielectric
properties and alternating conductivity of HA is investigated, as a polarized
surface can trigger biological reactions. For the particles obtained from
nitrate, acetate, chloride and egg shell precursors respectively give dielectric
constant (εʹ) values of 9.96, 13.22, 9.92 and 10.86 at 5 MHz. The εʹ and
dielectric loss (εʹʹ) values for the HA nanoparticles decrease with increase in
the applied frequency as well. The alternating current conductivity values
confirm that the as-synthesized HA samples exhibit insulating behavior. In short
this article provides the various applicability of HA particles in
optoelectronics and drug delivery.
Graphic abstract
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Ullah I, Gloria A, Zhang W, Ullah MW, Wu B, Li W, Domingos M, Zhang X. Synthesis and Characterization of Sintered Sr/Fe-Modified Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:375-388. [PMID: 33463228 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, Sr/Fe co-substituted hydroxyapatite (HAp) bioceramics were prepared by the sonication-assisted aqueous chemical precipitation method followed by sintering at 1100 °C for bone tissue regeneration applications. The sintered bioceramics were analyzed for various structural and chemical properties through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which confirmed the phase purity of HAp and Sr/Fe co-substitution into its lattice. The Vickers hardness measurement, high blood compatibility (less than 5% hemolysis), and ability to support the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells suggest the suitability of Sr/Fe:HAp bioceramics for bone implant applications. The physicochemical analysis revealed that the developed Sr/Fe:HAp bioceramics exhibited a polyphasic nature (HAp and βTCP) with almost identical structural morphology having a particle size less than 0.8 μm. The dielectric constant (ε') and dielectric loss (ε″) were potentially affected by the incorporated foreign ions together with the polyphasic nature of the material. The Sr/Fe co-substituted samples demonstrated extended drug (5-fluorouracil and amoxicillin) release profiles at the pH of physiological medium. The multifunctional properties of the developed HAp bioceramics enabled them to be an auspicious candidate for potential biomedical applications, including targeted drug-delivery applications, heating mediator in hyperthermia, and bone tissue repair implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Gloria
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-National Research Council of Italy, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54-Mostra d'Oltremare Pad. 20, Naples 80125, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Wenchao Li
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P. R. China
| | - Marco Domingos
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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Rare-earth (Gd 3+,Yb 3+/Tm 3+, Eu 3+) co-doped hydroxyapatite as magnetic, up-conversion and down-conversion materials for multimodal imaging. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16305. [PMID: 31705047 PMCID: PMC6841688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Taking advantage of the flexibility of the apatite structure, nano- and micro-particles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) were doped with different combinations of rare earth ions (RE3+ = Gd, Eu, Yb, Tm) to achieve a synergy among their magnetic and optical properties and to enable their application in preventive medicine, particularly diagnostics based on multimodal imaging. All powders were synthesized through hydrothermal processing at T ≤ 200 °C. An X-ray powder diffraction analysis showed that all powders crystallized in P63/m space group of the hexagonal crystal structure. The refined unit-cell parameters reflected a decrease in the unit cell volume as a result of the partial substitution of Ca2+ with smaller RE3+ ions at both cation positions. The FTIR analysis additionally suggested that a synergy may exist solely in the triply doped system, where the lattice symmetry and vibration modes become more coherent than in the singly or doubly doped systems. HAp:RE3+ optical characterization revealed a change in the energy band gap and the appearance of a weak blue luminescence (λex = 370 nm) due to an increased concentration of defects. The "up"- and the "down"-conversion spectra of HAp:Gd/Yb/Tm and HAp:Gd/Eu powders showed characteristic transitions of Tm3+ and Eu3+, respectively. Furthermore, in contrast to diamagnetic HAp, all HAp:RE3+ powders exhibited paramagnetic behavior. Cell viability tests of HAp:Gd/Yb/Tm and HAp:Gd/Eu powders in human dental pulp stem cell cultures indicated their good biocompatibility.
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Structural modification of nanohydroxyapatite Ca 10(PO 4) 6(OH) 2 related to Eu 3+ and Sr 2+ ions doping and its spectroscopic and antimicrobial properties. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 203:110884. [PMID: 31683129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Eu3+ and Sr2+ ions co-doped hydroxyapatite nanopowders (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) were synthesized via a precipitation method and post heat-treated at 500 °C. The concentration of Eu3+ ions was established in the range of 0.5-5 mol% to investigate the site occupancy preference. The concentration of Sr2+ ions was set at 5 mol%. The structural and morphological properties of the obtained materials were studied by an X-ray powder diffraction, a transmission electron microscopy techniques and infrared spectroscopy. As synthesized nanoparticles were in the range of 11-17 nm and annealed particles were in the range of 20-26 nm. The luminescence properties in dependence of the dopant concentration and applied temperature were investigated. The 5D0 → 7F0 transition shown the abnormally strong intensity for annealed materials connected with the increase of covalency character of Eu3+-O2- bond, which arise as an effect of charge compensation mechanism. The Eu3+ ions occupied three possible crystallographic sites in these materials revealed in emission spectra: one Ca(1) site with C3 symmetry and two Ca(2) sites with Cs symmetry arranged as cis and trans symmetry. The antibacterial properties of Eu3+ and Sr2+ ions doped and co-doped hydroxyapatite nanopowders were also determined against Gram-negative pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Obtained results suggest that both europium and strontium ions may implement antibacterial properties for hydroxyapatites. In the most cases, better antibacterial effect we noticed for dopants at 5 mol% ratio. However, the effect is strongly species- and strain-dependent feature.
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Luo H, Xie J, Xiong L, Yang Z, Zuo G, Wang H, Zhu Y, Wan Y. Engineering photoluminescent and magnetic lamellar hydroxyapatite by facile one-step Se/Gd dual-doping. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3515-3521. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00658j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel selenium (Se) and gadolinium (Gd) dual-doped lamellar hydroxyapatite has been produced by facile one-step template-assisted synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiaotong University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Jing Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiaotong University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Lingling Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiaotong University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiaotong University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Guifu Zuo
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- North China University of Science and Technology
- Hebei
- China
| | - Hongying Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiaotong University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yizao Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiaotong University
- Nanchang 330013
- China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
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