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Liu F, Zhao Y, Pei Y, Lian F, Lin H. Role of the NF-kB signalling pathway in heterotopic ossification: biological and therapeutic significance. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:159. [PMID: 38439078 PMCID: PMC10910758 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01533-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a pathological process in which ectopic bone develops in soft tissues within the skeletal system. Endochondral ossification can be divided into the following types of acquired and inherited ossification: traumatic HO (tHO) and fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP). Nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling is essential during HO. NF-κB signalling can drive initial inflammation through interactions with the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In the chondrogenesis stage, NF-κB signalling can promote chondrogenesis through interactions with mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B, PKB) and other molecules, including R-spondin 2 (Rspo2) and SRY-box 9 (Sox9). NF-κB expression can modulate osteoblast differentiation by upregulating secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and interacting with mTOR signalling, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling or integrin-mediated signalling under stretch stimulation in the final osteogenic stage. In FOP, mutated ACVR1-induced NF-κB signalling exacerbates inflammation in macrophages and can promote chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through interactions with smad signalling and mTOR signalling. This review summarizes the molecular mechanism of NF-κB signalling during HO and highlights potential therapeutics for treating HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Yike Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Yiran Pei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Fengyu Lian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Boyce BF, Li J, Yao Z, Xing L. Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Regulation of Osteoclastogenesis and Osteoblastogenesis. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:504-521. [PMID: 37749800 PMCID: PMC10613774 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of skeletal integrity requires the coordinated activity of multinucleated bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. Osteoclasts form resorption lacunae on bone surfaces in response to cytokines by fusion of precursor cells. Osteoblasts are derived from mesenchymal precursors and lay down new bone in resorption lacunae during bone remodeling. Nuclear factorkappa B (NF-κB) signaling regulates osteoclast and osteoblast formation and is activated in osteoclast precursors in response to the essential osteoclastogenic cytokine, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), which can also control osteoblast formation through RANK-RANKL reverse signaling in osteoblast precursors. RANKL and some pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), activate NF-κB signaling to positively regulate osteoclast formation and functions. However, these cytokines also limit osteoclast and osteoblast formation through NF-κB signaling molecules, including TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAFs). TRAF6 mediates RANKL-induced osteoclast formation through canonical NF-κB signaling. In contrast, TRAF3 limits RANKL- and TNF-induced osteoclast formation, and it restricts transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced inhibition of osteoblast formation in young and adult mice. During aging, neutrophils expressing TGFβ and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) increase in bone marrow of mice in response to increased NF-κB-induced CC motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) expression by mesenchymal progenitor cells and injection of these neutrophils into young mice decreased bone mass. TGFβ causes degradation of TRAF3, resulting in decreased glycogen synthase kinase-3β/β-catenin-mediated osteoblast formation and age-related osteoporosis in mice. The CCR5 inhibitor, maraviroc, prevented accumulation of TGFβ+/CCR5+ neutrophils in bone marrow and increased bone mass by inhibiting bone resorption and increasing bone formation in aged mice. This paper updates current understanding of how NF-κB signaling is involved in the positive and negative regulation of cytokine-mediated osteoclast and osteoblast formation and activation with a focus on the role of TRAF3 signaling, which can be targeted therapeutically to enhance bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan F. Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jinbo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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3
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The Roles of TRAF3 in Immune Responses. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:7787803. [PMID: 36845015 PMCID: PMC9949957 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7787803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Seven tumor necrosis factor receptor- (TNFR-) associated factors (TRAFs) have been found in mammals, which are primarily involved in the signal translation of the TNFR superfamily, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, and the retinoic acid-inducible gene I- (RIG-I-) like receptor (RLR) family. TRAF3 is one of the most diverse members of the TRAF family. It can positively regulate type I interferon production while negatively regulating signaling pathways of classical nuclear factor-κB, nonclassical nuclear factor-κB, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). This review summarizes the roles of TRAF3 signaling and the related immune receptors (e.g., TLRs) in several preclinical and clinical diseases and focuses on the roles of TRAF3 in immune responses, the regulatory mechanisms, and its role in disease.
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4
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Shi X, Wu Y, Ni H, Li M, Qi B, Xu Y. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) inhibitor iSO-1 promotes staphylococcal protein A-induced osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109600. [PMID: 36577150 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteomyelitis is among the most difficult to treat diseases in the field of orthopedics, and there is a lack of effective treatment modalities. Exploring the mechanisms of its development is beneficial for finding molecular targets for treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), as a proinflammatory mediator, is not only involved in various pathophysiological processes of inflammation but also plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation, while its specific regulatory mechanism in osteomyelitis remains unclear. METHODS In the present study, staphylococcal protein A (SPA)-treated rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were used to construct cell models of osteomyelitis. Rat and cell models of osteomyelitis were used to validate the expression levels of MIF, and to further explore the regulatory mechanisms of the MIF inhibitor methyl ester of (S, R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid (iSO-1) and MIF knockdown on cell model of osteomyelitis toward osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS We found that the expression level of MIF was upregulated in rat and cell models of osteomyelitis and subsequently demonstrated by the GSE30119 dataset that the expression level of MIF was also significantly upregulated in patients with osteomyelitis. Furthermore, SPA promotes MIF expression in rBMSCs while inhibiting the expression of osteogenic-related genes such as Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and collagen type-1 (COL-1) through activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway. In vivo, we further demonstrated that local injection of iSO-1 significantly increased the osteogenic activity in rat model of osteomyelitis. Importantly, we also demonstrated that MIF knockdown and the MIF inhibitor iSO-1 reversed the SPA-mediated inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs by inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB pathway, as evidenced by the upregulation of osteogenic-related gene expression and enhanced bone mineralization. CONCLUSION ISO-1 and MIF knockdown can reverse the SPA-mediated inhibition of osteogenic differentiation in the rBMSCs model of osteomyelitis by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, providing a potential target for the treatment of osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yipeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, China
| | - Haonan Ni
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | | | - Yongqing Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, China.
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Li J, Yao Z, Liu X, Duan R, Yi X, Ayoub A, Sanders JO, Mesfin A, Xing L, Boyce BF. TGFβ1 +CCR5 + neutrophil subset increases in bone marrow and causes age-related osteoporosis in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:159. [PMID: 36631487 PMCID: PMC9834218 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TGFβ1 induces age-related bone loss by promoting degradation of TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), levels of which decrease in murine and human bone during aging. We report that a subset of neutrophils (TGFβ1+CCR5+) is the major source of TGFβ1 in murine bone. Their numbers are increased in bone marrow (BM) of aged wild-type mice and adult mice with TRAF3 conditionally deleted in mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), associated with increased expression in BM of the chemokine, CCL5, suggesting that TRAF3 in MPCs limits TGFβ1+CCR5+ neutrophil numbers in BM of young mice. During aging, TGFβ1-induced TRAF3 degradation in MPCs promotes NF-κB-mediated expression of CCL5 by MPCs, associated with higher TGFβ1+CCR5+ neutrophil numbers in BM where they induce bone loss. TGFβ1+CCR5+ neutrophils decreased bone mass in male mice. The FDA-approved CCR5 antagonist, maraviroc, reduced TGFβ1+CCR5+ neutrophil numbers in BM and increased bone mass in aged mice. 15-mon-old mice with TGFβRII specifically deleted in MPCs had lower numbers of TGFβ1+CCR5+ neutrophils in BM and higher bone volume than wild-type littermates. We propose that pharmacologic reduction of TGFβ1+CCR5+ neutrophil numbers in BM could treat or prevent age-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Institute of Health and Medical Research, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Xiangjiao Yi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Akram Ayoub
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Leica Biosystems, Deer Park, IL, 60010, USA
| | - James O Sanders
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Addisu Mesfin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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6
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Liu P, Li Y, Wang W, Bai Y, Jia H, Yuan Z, Yang Z. Role and mechanisms of the NF-ĸB signaling pathway in various developmental processes. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Jimi E, Katagiri T. Critical Roles of NF-κB Signaling Molecules in Bone Metabolism Revealed by Genetic Mutations in Osteopetrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147995. [PMID: 35887342 PMCID: PMC9322175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factor family consists of five related proteins, RelA (p65), c-Rel, RelB, p50/p105 (NF-κB1), and p52/p100 (NF-κB2). These proteins are important not only for inflammation and the immune response but also for bone metabolism. Activation of NF-κB occurs via the classic and alternative pathways. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, activate the former, and cytokines involved in lymph node formation, such as receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and CD40L, activate the latter. p50 and p52 double-knockout mice revealed severe osteopetrosis due to the total lack of osteoclasts, which are specialized cells for bone resorption. This finding suggests that the activation of NF-κB is required for osteoclast differentiation. The NF-κB signaling pathway is controlled by various regulators, including NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), which is encoded by the IKBKG gene. In recent years, mutant forms of the IKBKG gene have been reported as causative genes of osteopetrosis, lymphedema, hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, and immunodeficiency (OL-EDA-ID). In addition, a mutation in the RELA gene, encoding RelA, has been reported for the first time in newborns with high neonatal bone mass. Osteopetrosis is characterized by a diffuse increase in bone mass, ranging from a lethal form observed in newborns to an asymptomatic form that appears in adulthood. This review describes the genetic mutations in NF-κB signaling molecules that have been identified in patients with osteopetrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eijiro Jimi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-6332
| | - Takenobu Katagiri
- Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan;
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8
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Matsubara T, Yasuda K, Mizuta K, Kawaue H, Kokabu S. Tyrosine Kinase Src Is a Regulatory Factor of Bone Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105508. [PMID: 35628319 PMCID: PMC9146043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts, which resorb the bone, and osteoblasts, which form the bone, are the key cells regulating bone homeostasis. Osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases occur when osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is increased and bone formation by osteoblasts is decreased. Analyses of tyrosine kinase Src-knockout mice revealed that Src is essential for bone resorption by osteoclasts and suppresses bone formation by osteoblasts. Src-knockout mice exhibit osteopetrosis. Therefore, Src is a potential target for osteoporosis therapy. However, Src is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and is involved in various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, growth, and migration. Thus, it is challenging to develop effective osteoporosis therapies targeting Src. To solve this problem, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanism of Src function in the bone. Src expression and catalytic activity are maintained at high levels in osteoclasts. The high activity of Src is essential for the attachment of osteoclasts to the bone matrix and to resorb the bone by regulating actin-related molecules. Src also inhibits the activity of Runx2, a master regulator of osteoblast differentiation, suppressing bone formation in osteoblasts. In this paper, we introduce the molecular mechanisms of Src in osteoclasts and osteoblasts to explore its potential for bone metabolic disease therapy.
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9
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Xi X, Ye Q, Fan D, Cao X, Wang Q, Wang X, Zhang M, Xu Y, Xiao C. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Affect Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Front Immunol 2022; 13:797815. [PMID: 35392076 PMCID: PMC8981517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.797815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common autoimmune disease, is characterized by symmetrical synovial inflammation of multiple joints with the infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells and increased cytokines (CKs) levels. In the past few years, numerous studies have indicated that several factors could affect RA, such as mutations in susceptibility genes, epigenetic modifications, age, and race. Recently, environmental factors, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have attracted increasing attention in RA pathogenesis. Therefore, exploring the specific mechanisms of PAHs in RA is vitally critical. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of PAHs and aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AHRs) in RA. Additionally, the development of therapeutic drugs that target AHR is also reviewed. Finally, we discuss the challenges and perspectives on AHR application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qinbin Ye
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Danping Fan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Cao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxiao Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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10
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Shen G, Liu X, Lei W, Duan R, Yao Z. Plumbagin is a NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibitor with dual anabolic and antiresorptive effects that prevents menopausal-related osteoporosis in mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101767. [PMID: 35235833 PMCID: PMC8958545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is caused by enhanced bone resorption and relatively reduced bone formation. There is an unmet need to develop new agents with both antiresorptive and anabolic effects to treat osteoporosis, although drugs with either effect alone are available. A small molecular compound, plumbagin, was reported to inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced osteoclast (OC) differentiation by inhibiting IκBα phosphorylation-mediated canonical NF-κB activation. However, the key transcriptional factor RelA/p65 in canonical NF-κB pathway functions to promote OC precursor survival but not terminal OC differentiation. Here, we found that plumbagin inhibited the activity of NF-κB inducing kinase, the key molecule that controls noncanonical NF-κB signaling, in an ATP/ADP-based kinase assay. Consistent with this, plumbagin inhibited processing of NF-κB2 p100 to p52 in the progenitor cells of both OCs and osteoblasts (OBs). Interestingly, plumbagin not only inhibited OC but also stimulated OB differentiation in vitro. Importantly, plumbagin prevented trabecular bone loss in ovariectomized mice. This was associated with decreased OC surfaces on trabecular surface and increased parameters of OBs, including OB surface on trabecular surface, bone formation rate, and level of serum osteocalcin, compared to vehicle-treated mice. In summary, we conclude that plumbagin is a NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibitor with dual anabolic and antiresorptive effects on bone and could represent a new class of agent for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyang Shen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
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11
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Davis JL, Pokhrel NK, Cox L, Rohatgi N, Faccio R, Veis DJ. Conditional loss of IKKα in Osterix + cells has no effect on bone but leads to age-related loss of peripheral fat. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4915. [PMID: 35318397 PMCID: PMC8940989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB has been reported to both promote and inhibit bone formation. To explore its role in osteolineage cells, we conditionally deleted IKKα, an upstream kinase required for non-canonical NF-κB activation, using Osterix (Osx)-Cre. Surprisingly, we found no effect on either cancellous or cortical bone, even following mechanical loading. However, we noted that IKKα conditional knockout (cKO) mice began to lose body weight after 6 months of age with severe reductions in fat mass and lower adipocyte size in geriatric animals. qPCR analysis of adipogenic markers in fat pads of cKO mice indicated no difference in early differentiation, but instead markedly lower leptin with age. We challenged young mice with a high fat diet finding that cKO mice gained less weight and showed improved glucose metabolism. Low levels of recombination at the IKKα locus were detected in fat pads isolated from old cKO mice. To determine whether recombination occurs in adipocytes, we examined fat pads in Osx-Cre;TdT reporter mice; these showed increasing Osx-Cre-mediated expression in peripheral adipocytes from 6 weeks to 18 months. Since Osx-Cre drives recombination in peripheral adipocytes with age, we conclude that fat loss in cKO mice is most likely caused by progressive deficits of IKKα in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Davis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nitin Kumar Pokhrel
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Linda Cox
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nidhi Rohatgi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Roberta Faccio
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deborah J Veis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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12
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Ouyang X, Li S, Ding Y, Xin F, Liu M. Foxf1 gene increases the risk of osteoporosis in rats by inhibiting osteoblast formation and promoting osteoclast differentiation through the upregulation of NF-κB pathway. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2022; 22:242-250. [PMID: 35642703 PMCID: PMC9186464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES a) To explore the expression of Foxf1 and NF-κB in bone tissue of ovariectomized rats with osteoporosis and b) to investigate the role and mechanism of NF-κB pathway regulated by Foxf1 gene in the differentiation and formation of rat osteoclasts and osteoblasts with cell experiments. METHODS Ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis was established with 3-month-old female SD rats. The rats were divided into sham group (n=10) and osteoporosis group (n=10). Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of Foxf1 and NF-κB genes and proteins in the femur tissues of rats and analyze their correlation. RESULTS Both Foxf1 and NF- κB were highly expressed in the femur tissues. Upon the overexpression of Foxf1 gene in osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro, the gene and protein expression of NF-κB were also upregulated, significantly reducing the gene and protein expression levels of osteogenic factors, including ATF4, OCN, ALP and Runx2. CONCLUSIONS Foxf1 gene could inhibit osteoblast formation and promote osteoclast differentiation by NF-κB pathway, which may increase the risk of osteoporosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China,Corresponding author: Xiao Ouyang, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 131 Huancheng Road, Gulou District, Xuzhou 221005, Jiangsu Province, China E-mail:
| | - Shimin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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13
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Yi X, Liu X, Kenney HM, Duan R, Lin X, Schwarz E, Yao Z. TNF-Polarized Macrophages Produce Insulin-like 6 Peptide to Stimulate Bone Formation in Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:2426-2439. [PMID: 34585777 PMCID: PMC8688308 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The risk of osteoporosis is increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy has markedly improved the outcomes of RA patients but does not improve osteoporosis in some reports. This could be a combined result of disease severity and other therapeutic agents, such as glucocorticoids that accelerate osteoporosis progression. We evaluated the effects of anti-TNF therapy on osteoporosis in an animal model of RA and explored the possible mechanisms involved. Six-week-old TNF transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice with early stage erosive arthritis were treated with TNF antibody (Ab) or control immunoglobulin (IgG) weekly for 4 weeks. We found that TNF Ab completely blocked the development of erosive arthritis in TNF-Tg mice, but only slightly increased vertebral bone mass, associated with reduction in parameters of both bone resorption and formation. Similarly, TNF Ab slightly increased trabecular bone mass in tibias of 8-month-old TNF-Tg mice with advanced erosive arthritis. Interestingly, TNFα increased osteoblast differentiation from mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) containing large number of macrophages but not from pure mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs). TNFα-polarized macrophages (TPMs) did not express iNos and Arginase 1, typical markers of inflammatory and resident macrophages. Interestingly, TPMs stimulated osteoblast differentiation, unlike resident and inflammatory macrophages polarized by IL-4 and interferon-λ, respectively. RNA-seq analysis indicated that TPMs produced several anabolic factors, including Jagged1 and insulin like 6 (INSL6). Importantly, inhibition of either Jagged1 or INSL6 blocked TNFα-induced osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, INSL6 Ab significantly decreased the expansion of TNF-induced MPCs in BMSCs, and anti-TNF Ab reduced INSL6 expression by macrophages in vitro and in TNF-Tg mice in vivo. We conclude that TPMs produce INSL6 to stimulate bone formation and anti-TNF Ab blocks not only enhanced bone resorption but also the anabolic effect of TPMs on bone, limiting its effect to increase bone mass in this model of RA. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjiao Yi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - H Mark Kenney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward Schwarz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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14
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Jin K, Zheng L, Ye L, Xie Z, Gao J, Lou C, Pan W, Pan B, Liu S, Chen Z, He D. Chicago sky blue 6B (CSB6B), an allosteric inhibitor of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), suppresses osteoclastogenesis and promotes osteogenesis through the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114734. [PMID: 34411569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory mediator involved in various pathophysiological and inflammatory states. Accumulating line of evidence suggests a role for MIF in regulating bone metabolism and therefore a prime candidate for therapeutic targeting. In this study, we showed that Chicago sky blue 6B (CSB6B) suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast and bone resorption in vitro via the inhibition of NF-κB signaling activation and promoting proteasome-mediated degradation of MIF. Consequently, the induction of NFATc1 was impaired resulting in downregulation of NFATc1-responsive osteoclast genes. We also demonstrated that CSB6B treatment enhanced primary calvarial osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization in vitro via the suppression of NF-κB activation and upregulation of Runx expression. Using two murine models of osteolytic bone disorders, we further showed that administration of CSB6B protected mice against pathological inflammatoryc calvarial bone destruction induced by titanium particles mice as well as estrogen-deficiency induced bone loss as a result of ovariectomy. Together, as an MIF inhibitor, CSB6B can inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption function and enhance the mineralization of osteoblasts through the inhibition of NF-κB pathway. MIF is a prime target for therapeutic targeting for the treatment of osteolytic bone disorders and the MIF inhibitor CSB6B could be potential anti-osteoporosis drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangtao Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Ziang Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Chao Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Wenzheng Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Zhenzhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengwei He
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University/the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China.
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15
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The Skeletal Effects of Tanshinones: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082319. [PMID: 33923673 PMCID: PMC8073409 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis results from excessive bone resorption and reduced bone formation, triggered by sex hormone deficiency, oxidative stress and inflammation. Tanshinones are a class of lipophilic phenanthrene compounds found in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which contribute to its anti-osteoporosis effects. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the skeletal beneficial effects of tanshinones. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in January 2021 using Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science from the inception of these databases. Original studies reporting the effects of tanshinones on bone through cell cultures, animal models and human clinical trials were considered. Results: The literature search found 158 unique articles on this topic, but only 20 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The available evidence showed that tanshinones promoted osteoblastogenesis and bone formation while reducing osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Conclusions: Tanshinones modulates bone remodelling by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and osteoblast apoptosis and stimulating osteoblastogenesis. Therefore, it might complement existing strategies to prevent bone loss.
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16
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Wang W, Wang B. Isofraxidin Inhibits Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand-Induced Osteoclastogenesis in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Isolated from Sprague-Dawley Rats by Regulating NF-κB/NFATc1 and Akt/NFATc1 Signaling Pathways. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:963689721990321. [PMID: 33573387 PMCID: PMC7883151 DOI: 10.1177/0963689721990321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common bone disease that is characterized by decreased bone mass and fragility fractures. Isofraxidin is a hydroxy coumarin with several biological and pharmacological activities including an anti-osteoarthritis effect. However, the role of isofraxidin in osteoporosis has not yet been investigated. In the present study, we used receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) to induce osteoclast formation in primary bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). Our results showed that RANKL treatment significantly increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, as well as the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related markers including MMP-9, c-Src, and cathepsin K at both mRNA and protein levels; however, these effects were inhibited by isofraxidin in BMMs. In addition, luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that isofraxidin treatment suppressed the RANKL-induced an increase in nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) transcriptional activity. Besides, the decreased expression level of IκBα and increased levels of p-p65, p-IκBα, and p-Akt in RANKL-induced BMMs were attenuated by isofraxidin. Moreover, NFATc1 overexpression rescued the anti-osteoclastogenic effect of isofraxidin with increased expression levels of MMP-9, c-Src, and cathepsin K. Taken together, these findings indicated that isofraxidin inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation in BMMs via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB/NFATc1 and Akt/NFATc1 signaling pathways. Thus, isofraxidin might be a therapeutic agent for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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17
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Barneze Costa SM, da Silva Feltran G, Namba V, Silva TM, Shetty Hallur RL, Saraiva PP, Zambuzzi WF, Nogueira CR. Infraphysiological 17β-estradiol (E2) concentration compromises osteoblast differentiation through Src stimulation of cell proliferation and ECM remodeling stimulus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:111027. [PMID: 32911016 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that 17β-estradiol (E2) helps to prevent bone loss. This study was undertaken to verify whether E2 action in human osteoblasts involves changes in the transcriptional profile of the TNF-α, IFN-γ, NF-κB, TRAIL, TGF-β, MMP2, MMP9, RECK, TIMP1, TIMP2, CDK2, CDK4, SRC, RUNX2, and SHH genes. Infraphysiological doses of E2 elevated mRNAs in all genes except for INF-γ, TRAIL, and TGF-β. Importantly, a significant increase in the CDKs -2 and -4 genes was found, which strongly suggests cell cycle progression, with a potential dependency of Src involvement, as well as a suppression of the osteoblast differentiation machinery, with ECM remodeling being involved. These data suggest that E2 plays an important role in bone formation and remodeling, and Src seems to play a pivotal role in driving cell proliferation and ECM remodeling. Taken together, these findings contribute to an understanding of the effects of infraphysiological E2 on modulating bone homeostasis, favoring bone resorption, and leading to osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Maria Barneze Costa
- Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine of Botucatu (FMB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Georgia da Silva Feltran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Vickeline Namba
- Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine of Botucatu (FMB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Tabata Marilda Silva
- Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine of Botucatu (FMB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Raghavendra Lakshmana Shetty Hallur
- Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine of Botucatu (FMB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine of Botucatu (FMB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Pinto Saraiva
- Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine of Botucatu (FMB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Willian Fernando Zambuzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biosciences Institute, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Celia Regina Nogueira
- Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine of Botucatu (FMB), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
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18
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Halloran D, Durbano HW, Nohe A. Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Development and Bone Homeostasis. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:E19. [PMID: 32933207 PMCID: PMC7557435 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors belonging to the Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) superfamily. These proteins are essential to many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Specifically, within the BMP family, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) was the first BMP to be characterized and has been well-studied. BMP-2 has important roles during embryonic development, as well as bone remodeling and homeostasis in adulthood. Some of its specific functions include digit formation and activating osteogenic genes, such as Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2). Because of its diverse functions and osteogenic potential, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved usage of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) during spinal fusion surgery, tibial shaft repair, and maxillary sinus reconstructive surgery. However, shortly after initial injections of rhBMP-2, several adverse complications were reported, and alternative therapeutics have been developed to limit these side-effects. As the clinical application of BMP-2 is largely implicated in bone, we focus primarily on its role in bone. However, we also describe briefly the role of BMP-2 in development. We then focus on the structure of BMP-2, its activation and regulation signaling pathways, BMP-2 clinical applications, and limitations of using BMP-2 as a therapeutic. Further, this review explores other potential treatments that may be useful in treating bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anja Nohe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (D.H.); (H.W.D.)
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19
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Yıldırım E, Sezer G. Clinical plasma concentration of vinpocetine does not affect osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:202-210. [PMID: 32865810 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Vinpocetine (Vin) has long been used as a medicine to treat cerebrovascular disorders and as a dietary supplement to improve cognitive functions. Previous studies have revealed that the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Vin inhibits NF-κB-dependent inflammatory responses; however, the effect of Vin on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has not been reported. In this study, we aimed to the investigate effect of Vin on the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs). METHODS We treated BMSCs with clinical plasma (0.17 µM) or higher concentrations (5 and 20 µM) of Vin with no significant effect on the cell viability. Alizarin Red S and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) stainings were used to evaluate mineralizations on days 14 and 21. Moreover, expressions of target genes were detected using qRT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs did not significantly change with Vin's clinical plasma concentration, but significantly decreased with higher concentrations. Calcium mineralization, ALP staining and mRNA gene expressions of Runx2 and ALP were decreased significantly with high concentrations of Vin, paticularly on day 21. CONCLUSION Our in vitro findings suggest that clinically relevant concentration of Vin seems safe to use in elderly patients with respect to osteoporosis. On the other hand, Vin at high concentrations appears to be harmful to bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Yıldırım
- Pharmacy Division, Ministry of Health Kayseri City Hospital, 38080, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gulay Sezer
- School of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey. .,Genkok Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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20
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Li S, He T, Wu D, Zhang L, Chen R, Liu B, Yuan J, Tickner J, Qin A, Xu J, Rong L. Conditional Knockout of PKC-δ in Osteoclasts Favors Bone Mass Accrual in Males Due to Decreased Osteoclast Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:450. [PMID: 32582715 PMCID: PMC7295979 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C delta (PKC-δ) functions as an important regulator in bone metabolism. However, the precise involvement of PKC-δ in the regulation of osteoclasts remains elusive. We generated an osteoclast specific PKC-δ knockout mouse strain to investigate the function of PKC-δ in osteoclast biology. Bone phenotype was investigated using microcomputed tomography. Osteoclast and osteoblast parameters were assessed using bone histomorphometry, and analysis of osteoclast formation and function with osteoclastogensis and hydroxyapatite resorption assays. The molecular mechanisms by which PKC-δ regulated osteoclast function were dissected by Western Blotting, TUNEL assay, transfection and transcriptome sequencing. We found that ablation of PKC-δ in osteoclasts resulted in an increase in trabecular and cortical bone volume in male mice, however, the bone mass phenotype was not observed in female mice. This was accompanied by decreased osteoclast number and surface, and Cathepsin-K protein levels in vivo, as well as decreased osteoclast formation and resorption in vitro in a male-specific manner. PKC-δ regulated androgen receptor transcription by binding to its promoter, moreover, PKC-δ conditional knockout did not increase osteoclast apoptosis but increased MAPK signaling and enhanced androgen receptor transcription and expression, finally leding to significant alterations in gene expression and signaling changes related to extracellular matrix proteins specifically in male mice. In conclusion, PKC-δ plays an important role in osteoclast formation and function in a male-specific manner. Our work reveals a previously unknown target for treatment of gender-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangfu Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianwei He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Depeng Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangming Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqiang Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbo Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The clinical significance, target pathways, recent successes, and challenges that preclude translation of RNAi bone regenerative approaches are overviewed. RECENT FINDINGS RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising new therapeutic approach for bone regeneration by stimulating or inhibiting critical signaling pathways. However, RNAi suffers from significant delivery challenges. These challenges include avoiding nuclease degradation, achieving bone tissue targeting, and reaching the cytoplasm for mRNA inhibition. Many drug delivery systems have overcome stability and intracellular localization challenges but suffer from protein adsorption that results in clearance of up to 99% of injected dosages, thus severely limiting drug delivery efficacy. While RNAi has myriad promising attributes for use in bone regenerative applications, delivery challenges continue to plague translation. Thus, a focus on drug delivery system development is critical to provide greater delivery efficiency and bone targeting to reap the promise of RNAi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic W Malcolm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Clyde Overby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Maureen Newman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Danielle S W Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 308 Robert B. Goergen Hall, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Genetics and Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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22
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Engelmann C, Riemann M, Carlstedt S, Grimlowski R, Andreas N, Koliesnik I, Meier E, Austerfield P, Haenold R. Identification of undescribed Relb expression domains in the murine brain by new Relb:cre-katushka reporter mice. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:983-997. [PMID: 32145043 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncanonical NF-κB signaling through activation of the transcription factor RelB acts as key regulator of cell lineage determination and differentiation in various tissues including the immune system. To elucidate temporospatial aspects of Relb expression, we generated a BAC transgenic knock-in mouse expressing the fluorescent protein Katushka and the enzyme Cre recombinase under control of the murine Relb promoter (RelbCre-Kat mice). RESULTS Co-expression of Katushka and Relb in fibroblast cultures and tissues of transgenic mice revealed highly specific reporter functions of the transgene. Crossing RelbCre-Kat mice with ROSA26R reporter mice that allow for Cre-mediated consecutive β-galactosidase or YFP synthesis identified various Relb expression domains in perinatal and mature mice. Besides thymus and spleen, highly specific expression patterns were found in different neuronal domains, as well as in other nonimmune organs including skin, skeletal structures and kidney. De novo Relb expression in the mature brain was confirmed in conditional knockout mice with neuro-ectodermal Relb deletion. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the usability of RelbCre-Kat reporter mice for the detection of de novo and temporarily restricted Relb expression including cell and lineage tracing of Relb expressing cells. Relb expression during mouse embryogenesis and at adulthood suggests, beyond immunity, important functions of this transcription factor in neurodevelopment and CNS function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Riemann
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Swen Carlstedt
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.,Jena University Hospital, Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena, Germany
| | - Randy Grimlowski
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.,Department of Vascular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Nico Andreas
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.,Jena University Hospital, Institute of Immunology, Jena, Germany
| | - Ievgen Koliesnik
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.,School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elke Meier
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | | | - Ronny Haenold
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
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23
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Lei W, Duan R, Li J, Liu X, Huston A, Boyce BF, Yao Z. The IAP Antagonist SM-164 Eliminates Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone and Lung in Mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7004. [PMID: 32332865 PMCID: PMC7181667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The most challenging issue for breast cancer (BC) patients is metastasis to other organs because current therapies do not prevent or eliminate metastatic BC. Here, we show that SM-164, a small molecule inhibitor, which degrades inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), eliminated early-stage metastases and reduced progression of advanced BC metastasis from MDA-MB-231 BC cells in bones and lungs of nude mice. Mechanistically, SM-164-induced BC cell death is TNFα-dependent, with TNFα produced by IL-4-polarized macrophages triggering MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis in combination with SM-164. SM-164 also inhibited expression of RANKL, which mediates interactions between metastatic BC and host microenvironment cells and induces osteoclast-mediated osteolysis. SM-164 did not kill adriamycin-resistant BC cells, while adriamycin inhibited SM-164-resistant BC cell growth, similar to parental cells. We conclude that SM-164 is a promising therapeutic agent for early stage bone and lung metastasis from triple-negative breast cancer that should be given prior to conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan University First Affiliated Hospital, 357 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, Henan, 475001, P.R. China
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Jinbo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Alissa Huston
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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24
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Agas D, Amaroli A, Lacava G, Yanagawa T, Sabbieti MG. Loss of p62 impairs bone turnover and inhibits PTH-induced osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7516-7529. [PMID: 32100883 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The p62 (also named sequestosome1/SQSTM1) is multidomain and multifunctional protein associated with several physiological and pathological conditions. A number of studies evidenced an involvement of p62 on the disruptive bone scenarios due to its participation in the inflammatory/osteoclastogenic pathways. However, so far, information regarding the function of p62 in the fine-tuned processes underpinning the bone physiology are not well-defined and are sometime discordant. We, previously, demonstrated that the intramuscular administration of a plasmid coding for p62 was able to contrast bone loss in a mouse model of osteopenia. Here, in vitro findings showed that the p62 overexpression in murine osteoblasts precursors enhanced their maturation while the p62 depletion by a specific siRNA, decreased osteoblasts differentiation. Consistently, the activity of osteoblasts from p62-/- mice was reduced compared with wild-type. Also, morphometric analyses of bone from p62 knockout mice revealed a pathological phenotype characterized by a lower turnover that could be explained by the poor Runx2 protein synthesis in absence of p62. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates p62 expression and that the osteogenic effects of this hormone were totally abrogated in osteoblasts from p62-deficient mice. Therefore, these findings, for the first time, highlight the important role of p62 both for the basal and for PTH-stimulated bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Agas
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Laser Therapy Center, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lacava
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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25
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Abstract
Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) has been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in a variety of cells. Recently, it has been reported that KLF2 regulates the p65-mediated transactivation of NF-κB. Although the NF-κB pathway plays an important role in the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, the role of KLF2 in these bone cells has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that KLF2 regulates osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation. The overexpression of KLF2 in osteoclast precursor cells inhibited osteoclast differentiation by downregulating c-Fos, NFATc1, and TRAP expression, while KLF2 overexpression in osteoblasts enhanced osteoblast differentiation and function by upregulating Runx2, ALP, and BSP expression. Conversely, the downregulation of KLF2 with KLF2-specific siRNA increased osteoclast differentiation and inhibited osteoblast differentiation. Moreover, the overexpression of interferon regulatory protein 2-binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2), a regulator of KLF2, suppressed osteoclast differentiation and enhanced osteoblast differentiation and function. These effects were reversed by downregulating KLF2. Collectively, our data provide new insights and evidence to suggest that the IRF2BP2/KLF2 axis mediates osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation, thereby affecting bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Jung Ha Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Kabsun Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Semun Seong
- Departments of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Nacksung Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
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26
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Wang H, Zhang H, Srinivasan V, Tao J, Sun W, Lin X, Wu T, Boyce BF, Ebetino FH, Boeckman RK, Xing L. Targeting Bortezomib to Bone Increases Its Bone Anabolic Activity and Reduces Systemic Adverse Effects in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:343-356. [PMID: 31610066 PMCID: PMC10587833 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bortezomib (Btz) is a proteasome inhibitor approved by the FDA to treat multiple myeloma. It also increases bone volume by promoting osteoblast differentiation and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis in mice. However, Btz has severe systemic adverse effects, which would limit its use as a bone anabolic agent. Here, we designed and synthesized a bone-targeted form of Btz by conjugating it to a bisphosphonate (BP) with no antiresorptive activity. We report that BP-Btz inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption and stimulated osteoblast differentiation in vitro similar to Btz. In vivo, BP-Btz increased bone volume more effectively than Btz in three mouse models: untreated wild-type mice, mice with ovariectomy, and aged mice with tibial factures. Importantly, BP-Btz had significantly less systemic side effects than Btz, including less thymic cell death, sympathetic nerve damage, and thrombocytopenia, and it improved survival rates in aged mice. Thus, BP-Btz represents a novel anabolic agent to treat conditions, such as postmenopausal and age-related bone loss. Bone targeting is an attractive approach to repurpose approved drugs to treat skeletal diseases. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Venkat Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jianguo Tao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Wen Sun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Bone Disease, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Frank H Ebetino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- BioVinc, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Robert K Boeckman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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27
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Yu S, Li P, Li B, Miao D, Deng Q. RelA promotes proliferation but inhibits osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1368-1378. [PMID: 31981416 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB is known to be implicated in skeletal development and related diseases. Previous studies have shown that RelA, a key subunit of NF-κB, is involved in osteoblast and chondrocyte survival and differentiation. Yet, the physiological roles of RelA in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which give rise to both chondrocytes and osteoblasts, are still poorly understood. Here, we generated Prrx1-Cre;RelAf/f mice to delete RelA in Prrx1+ bone marrow MSCs and found that RelA deletion led to decreased MSC proliferation and altered differentiation, with increased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation but decreased adipogenic differentiation. Bone size and mass were not significantly changed in the mutant mice, although they developed moderate osteoarthritis-like phenotypes. Thus, our studies reveal important but discordant functions of RelA in MSC proliferation and differentiation, and provide an explanation why MSC-specific RelA knockout mice only develop minor skeletal phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Yu
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ping Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
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28
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Wang W, Li J, Ko FC, Zhao X, Qiao Y, Lu RS, Sumner DR, Wang T, Chen D. CHIP regulates skeletal development and postnatal bone growth. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5378-5385. [PMID: 31898815 PMCID: PMC7056513 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
C terminus of Hsc70‐interacting protein (CHIP) is a chaperone‐dependent and U‐box containing E3 ubiquitin ligase. In previous studies, we found that CHIP regulates the stability of multiple tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor proteins in bone cells. In Chip global knockout (KO) mice, nuclear factor‐κB signaling is activated, osteoclast formation is increased, osteoblast differentiation is inhibited, and bone mass is decreased in postnatal Chip KO mice. To determine the role of Chip in different cell types at different developmental stages, we created Chipflox/flox mice. We then generated Chip conditional KO mice ChipCMV and ChipOsxER and demonstrated defects in skeletal development and postnatal bone growth in Chip conditional KO mice. Our findings indicate that Chip conditional KO mice could serve as a critical reagent for further investigations of functions of CHIP in bone cells and in other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Frank C Ko
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yusen Qiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ronald S Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - D Rick Sumner
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tingyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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29
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Jimi E, Takakura N, Hiura F, Nakamura I, Hirata-Tsuchiya S. The Role of NF-κB in Physiological Bone Development and Inflammatory Bone Diseases: Is NF-κB Inhibition "Killing Two Birds with One Stone"? Cells 2019; 8:cells8121636. [PMID: 31847314 PMCID: PMC6952937 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of various genes involved in inflammation and the immune response. The activation of NF-κB occurs via two pathways: inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, activate the "classical pathway", and cytokines involved in lymph node formation, such as CD40L, activate the "alternative pathway". NF-κB1 (p50) and NF-κB2 (p52) double-knockout mice exhibited severe osteopetrosis due to the total lack of osteoclasts, suggesting that NF-κB activation is required for osteoclast differentiation. These results indicate that NF-κB may be a therapeutic target for inflammatory bone diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease. On the other hand, mice that express the dominant negative form of IκB kinase (IKK)-β specifically in osteoblasts exhibited increased bone mass, but there was no change in osteoclast numbers. Therefore, inhibition of NF-κB is thought to promote bone formation. Taken together, the inhibition of NF-κB leads to "killing two birds with one stone": it suppresses bone resorption and promotes bone formation. This review describes the role of NF-κB in physiological bone metabolism, pathologic bone destruction, and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eijiro Jimi
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (N.T.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 81-92-642-6332
| | - Nana Takakura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (N.T.); (F.H.)
| | - Fumitaka Hiura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (N.T.); (F.H.)
| | - Ichiro Nakamura
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Teikyo Heisei University, 2-51-4 Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 170-8445, Japan;
| | - Shizu Hirata-Tsuchiya
- Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
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30
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Davis JL, Cox L, Shao C, Lyu C, Liu S, Aurora R, Veis DJ. Conditional Activation of NF-κB Inducing Kinase (NIK) in the Osteolineage Enhances Both Basal and Loading-Induced Bone Formation. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:2087-2100. [PMID: 31246323 PMCID: PMC6854278 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies from global loss-of-function mutants suggest that alternative NF-κB downstream of NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK) is a cell-intrinsic negative regulator of osteogenesis. However, the interpretation of the osteoblast and/or osteocyte contribution to the bone phenotype is complicated by simultaneous osteoclast defects in these models. Therefore, we turned to a transgenic mouse model to investigate the direct role of NIK in the osteolineage. Osx-Cre;NT3 animals (NT3-Cre +), which bear a constitutively active NIK allele (NT3) driven by Osx-Cre, were compared with their Cre-negative, Control (Ctrl) littermates. NT3-Cre + mice had elevated serum P1NP and CTX levels. Despite this high turnover state, µCT showed that constitutive activation of NIK resulted in a net increase in basal bone mass in both cortical and cancellous compartments. Furthermore, NT3-Cre + mice exhibited a greater anabolic response following mechanical loading compared with controls. We next performed RNA-Seq on nonloaded and loaded tibias to elucidate possible mechanisms underlying the increased bone anabolism seen in NT3-Cre + mice. Hierarchical clustering revealed two main transcriptional programs: one loading-responsive and the other NT3 transgene-driven. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated a distinct upregulation of receptor, kinase, and growth factor activities including Wnts, as well as a calcium-response signature in NT3-Cre + limbs. The promoters of these GO-term associated genes, including many known to be bone-anabolic, were highly enriched for multiple κB recognition elements (κB-RE) relative to the background frequency in the genome. The loading response in NT3-Cre + mice substantially overlapped (>90%) with Ctrl. Surprisingly, control animals had 10-fold more DEGs in response to loading. However, most top DEGs shared between genotypes had a high incidence of multiple κB-RE in their promoters. Therefore, both transcriptional programs (loading-responsive and NT3 transgene-driven) are modulated by NF-κB. Our studies uncover a previously unrecognized role for NF-κB in the promotion of both basal and mechanically stimulated bone formation. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Davis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Linda Cox
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christine Shao
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cheng Lyu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shaopeng Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rajeev Aurora
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deborah J Veis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Patholgy, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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31
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Marino S, Bishop RT, Carrasco G, Logan JG, Li B, Idris AI. Pharmacological Inhibition of NFκB Reduces Prostate Cancer Related Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro and Osteolysis Ex Vivo. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 105:193-204. [PMID: 30929064 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
NFκB is implicated in cancer and bone remodelling, and we have recently reported that the verified NFκB inhibitor Parthenolide (PTN) reduced osteolysis and skeletal tumour growth in models of metastatic breast cancer. Here, we took advantage of in vitro and ex vivo bone cell and organ cultures to study the effects of PTN on the ability of prostate cancer cells and their derived factors to regulate bone cell activity and osteolysis. PTN inhibited the in vitro growth of a panel of human, mouse and rat prostate cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner with a varying degree of potency. In prostate cancer cell-osteoclast co-cultures, the rat Mat-Ly-Lu, but not human PC3 or mouse RM1-BT, enhanced RANKL stimulated osteoclast formation and PTN reduced these effects without affecting prostate cancer cell viability. In the absence of cancer cells, PTN reduced the support of Mat-Ly-Lu conditioned medium for the adhesion and spreading of osteoclast precursors, and survival of mature osteoclasts. Pre-exposure of osteoblasts to PTN prior to the addition of conditioned medium from Mat-Ly-Lu cells suppressed their ability to support the formation of osteoclasts by inhibition of RANKL/OPG ratio. PTN enhanced the ability of Mat-Ly-Lu derived factors to increase calvarial osteoblast differentiation and growth. Ex vivo, PTN enhanced bone volume in calvaria organ-Mat-Ly-Lu cell co-culture, without affecting Mat-Ly-Lu viability or apoptosis. Mechanistic studies in osteoclasts and osteoblasts confirmed that PTN inhibit NFκB activation related to derived factors from Mat-Ly-Lu cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of the skeletal NFκB signalling pathway reduces prostate cancer related osteolysis, but further studies in the therapeutic implications of NFκB inhibition in cells of the osteoblastic lineage are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Marino
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
- Bone and Cancer Group, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Ryan T Bishop
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Giovana Carrasco
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - John G Logan
- Bone and Cancer Group, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Boya Li
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Aymen I Idris
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
- Bone and Cancer Group, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
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32
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Li J, Ayoub A, Xiu Y, Yin X, Sanders JO, Mesfin A, Xing L, Yao Z, Boyce BF. TGFβ-induced degradation of TRAF3 in mesenchymal progenitor cells causes age-related osteoporosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2795. [PMID: 31243287 PMCID: PMC6595054 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammaging induces osteoporosis by promoting bone destruction and inhibiting bone formation. TRAF3 limits bone destruction by inhibiting RANKL-induced NF-κB signaling in osteoclast precursors. However, the role of TRAF3 in mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) is unknown. Mice with TRAF3 deleted in MPCs develop early onset osteoporosis due to reduced bone formation and enhanced bone destruction. In young mice TRAF3 prevents β-catenin degradation in MPCs and maintains osteoblast formation. However, TRAF3 protein levels decrease in murine and human bone samples during aging when TGFβ1 is released from resorbing bone. TGFβ1 induces degradation of TRAF3 in murine MPCs and inhibits osteoblast formation through GSK-3β-mediated degradation of β-catenin. Thus, TRAF3 positively regulates MPC differentiation into osteoblasts. TRAF3 deletion in MPCs activated NF-κB RelA and RelB to promote RANKL expression and enhance bone destruction. We conclude that pharmacologic stabilization of TRAF3 during aging could treat/prevent age-related osteoporosis by inhibiting bone destruction and promoting bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Akram Ayoub
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Yan Xiu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Xiaoxiang Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan University First Affiliated Hospital, 357 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, P.R. China
| | - James O Sanders
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Addisu Mesfin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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33
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Li X, Li Z, Wang J, Li Z, Cui H, Dai G, Chen S, Zhang M, Zheng Z, Zhan Z, Liu H. Wnt4 signaling mediates protective effects of melatonin on new bone formation in an inflammatory environment. FASEB J 2019; 33:10126-10139. [PMID: 31216173 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900093rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that the inhibitory effect of inflammatory cytokines on new bone formation by osteogenic precursor cells is a critical cause of net bone-density reduction. Melatonin has been proven to be a potential therapeutic candidate for osteoporosis. However, whether it is capable of antagonizing the suppressing effect of inflammatory cytokines on osteogenic precursor cells is so far elusive. In this study, using the cell culture system of human bone marrow stromal cells and MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts, we recorded the following vital observations that provided insights of melatonin-induced bone formation: 1) melatonin induced bone formation in both normal and inflammatory conditions; 2) Wnt4 was essential for melatonin-induced bone formation in inflammatory stimulation; 3) melatonin- and Wnt4-induced bone formation occurred via activation of β-catenin and p38-JNK MAPK pathways by interaction with a distinct frizzled LDL receptor-related protein complex; 4) melatonin suppressed the inhibitory effect of NF-κB on osteogenesis in a Wnt4-dependent manner; and 5) melatonin induced Wnt4 expression through the ERK1/2-Pax2-Egr1 pathway. In summary, we showed a novel mechanism of melatonin-induced bone formation in an inflammatory environment. Melatonin-induced Wnt4 expression is essential for its osteoinductive effect and the inhibitory effect of NF-κB on bone formation. Our novel findings may provide useful information for its potential translational application.-Li, X., Li, Z., Wang, J., Li, Z., Cui, H., Dai, G., Chen, S., Zhang, M., Zheng, Z., Zhan, Z., Liu, H. Wnt4 signaling mediates protective effects of melatonin on new bone formation in an inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianru Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zemin Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo Dai
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwen Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongping Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
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Nakatomi C, Nakatomi M, Matsubara T, Komori T, Doi-Inoue T, Ishimaru N, Weih F, Iwamoto T, Matsuda M, Kokabu S, Jimi E. Constitutive activation of the alternative NF-κB pathway disturbs endochondral ossification. Bone 2019; 121:29-41. [PMID: 30611922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Endochondral ossification is important for skeletal development. Recent findings indicate that the p65 (RelA) subunit, a main subunit of the classical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, plays essential roles in chondrocyte differentiation. Although several groups have reported that the alternative NF-κB pathway also regulates bone homeostasis, the role of the alternative NF-κB pathway in chondrocyte development is still unclear. Here, we analyzed the in vivo function of the alternative pathway on endochondral ossification using p100-deficient (p100-/-) mice, which carry a homozygous deletion of the COOH-terminal ankyrin repeats of p100 but still express functional p52 protein. The alternative pathway was activated during the periarticular stage in wild-type mice. p100-/- mice exhibited dwarfism, and histological analysis of the growth plate revealed abnormal arrangement of chondrocyte columns and a narrowed hypertrophic zone. Consistent with these observations, the expression of hypertrophic chondrocyte markers, type X collagen (ColX) or matrix metalloproteinase 13, but not early chondrogenic markers, such as Col II or aggrecan, was suppressed in p100-/- mice. An in vivo BrdU tracing assay clearly demonstrated less proliferative activity in chondrocytes in p100-/- mice. These defects were partly rescued when the RelB gene was deleted in p100-/- mice. Taken together, the alternative NF-κB pathway may regulate chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation to maintain endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Nakatomi
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-kux, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Mitsushiro Nakatomi
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Takuma Matsubara
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-kux, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Komori
- Department of Cell Biology, Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | | | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Falk Weih
- Research Group Immunology, Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Tsutomu Iwamoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Miho Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-kux, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Eijiro Jimi
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-kux, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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35
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Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation by Inhibiting Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Nuclear Factor-κB Activity. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:1996-2002. [PMID: 29927820 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α plays a crucial role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related bone loss disease. The main mechanism of action of RA induced bone loss is the significant inhibitory effect of TNF-α on osteoblast differentiation. TNF-α inhibits osteoblast differentiation mainly by activating nuclear factor (NF) -κB signaling pathway. Owing to the crucial role of TNF-α and NF-κB in the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation, they are considered as targets for the development of therapeutic drugs. In the present study, we evaluated the NF-κB inhibitor Boswellic acid (BA) and its derivatives in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and the molecular mechanism. Based on the cell model of TNF-α induced inhibition of osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1, the regulatory role of BAs was studied. The result of MTT assay indicated that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) -2, TNF-α, or acetyl-11-keto-β-BA (AKBA) impact no significant effect for cell viability of MC3T3-E1. The results of alkaline phosphatase (ALP activity assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated that AKBA blocked TNF-α-induced inhibition of the expression of osteoblast markers, suggesting that AKBA rescued osteoblast differentiation from TNF-α-induced inhibition. Additionally, AKBA stimulated the BMP-2-induced expression of osteoblast markers, suggesting that AKBA promotes osteoblast differentiation directly. The results of western blotting and luciferase assay indicated that N-κB signaling was activated by TNF-α. The overexpression of NF-κB component p65 in MC3T3-E1 was found to attenuate the positive effect of AKBA in osteoblast differentiation, suggesting that AKBA potentiates osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Collectively, AKBA promotes osteoblast differentiation by inhibiting TNF-α and NF-κB. Our study revealed a new discovery of AKBA in regulating osteoblast differentiation, and demonstrated that AKBA may be a potential anabolic agent in the treatment of RA-derived bone loss disease.
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Sun W, Meednu N, Rosenberg A, Rangel-Moreno J, Wang V, Glanzman J, Owen T, Zhou X, Zhang H, Boyce BF, Anolik JH, Xing L. B cells inhibit bone formation in rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing osteoblast differentiation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5127. [PMID: 30510188 PMCID: PMC6277442 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07626-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of B cells in osteoblast (OB) dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been well-studied. Here we show that B cells are enriched in the subchondral and endosteal bone marrow (BM) areas adjacent to osteocalcin+ OBs in two murine RA models: collagen-induced arthritis and the TNF-transgenic mice. Subchondral BM B cells in RA mice express high levels of OB inhibitors, CCL3 and TNF, and inhibit OB differentiation by activating ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. The inhibitory effect of RA B cells on OB differentiation is blocked by CCL3 and TNF neutralization, and deletion of CCL3 and TNF in RA B cells completely rescues OB function in vivo, while B cell depletion attenuates bone erosion and OB inhibition in RA mice. Lastly, B cells from RA patients express CCL3 and TNF and inhibit OB differentiation, with these effects ameliorated by CCL3 and TNF neutralization. Thus, B cells inhibit bone formation in RA by producing multiple OB inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Nida Meednu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Alexander Rosenberg
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Victor Wang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Jason Glanzman
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Teresa Owen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Xichao Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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Zarei A, Yang C, Gibbs J, Davis JL, Ballard A, Zeng R, Cox L, Veis DJ. Manipulation of the Alternative NF-κB Pathway in Mice Has Sexually Dimorphic Effects on Bone. JBMR Plus 2018; 3:14-22. [PMID: 30680359 PMCID: PMC6339559 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative NF‐κB signaling promotes osteoclastogenesis and pathological bone loss, but the effect of sex on phenotype has not been explored. We disrupted alternative NF‐κB signaling by deletion of upstream kinase NF‐κB‐inducing kinase (NIK) or NF‐κB subunit RelB and found that both NIK‐deficient and RelB‐deficient female mice possessed more than twofold higher trabecular bone mass compared to controls, whereas no differences were observed in males. In vitro, RelB‐deficient precursors from female mice showed a more severe osteoclast (OC) differentiation defect than male, while WT had no sex bias. Next, we asked whether pharmacologic activation of alternative NF‐κB by inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) antagonist BV6 has sex‐dependent effects on bone. Unlike male mice that lost bone, female mice on BV6 for 4 weeks showed no changes in either trabecular bone mass or OC number. Because estrogen generally suppresses NF‐κB, we hypothesized that estrogen protects bone from BV6 effects in vivo. Thus, we performed ovariectomy or sham surgery in female mice, then treated with BV6 or vehicle for 4 weeks. Although ovariectomy caused bone loss, BV6 did not have any additional impact, suggesting that direct estrogen effects do not cause resistance to BV6 in vivo. The osteopenic effects of IAP antagonists in males may have implications for their use in cancer therapy. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allahdad Zarei
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Chang Yang
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Jesse Gibbs
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Jennifer L Davis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Anna Ballard
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Rong Zeng
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Linda Cox
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Deborah J Veis
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
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38
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BMPRIA is required for osteogenic differentiation and RANKL expression in adult bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8475. [PMID: 29855498 PMCID: PMC5981611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) activate the canonical Smad1/5/8 and non-canonical Tak1-MAPK pathways via BMP receptors I and II to regulate skeletal development and bone remodeling. Specific ablation of Bmpr1a in immature osteoblasts, osteoblasts, or osteocytes results in an increase in cancellous bone mass, yet opposite results have been reported regarding the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the role for BMPRIA-mediated signaling in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) has not been explored. Here, we specifically ablated Bmpr1a in BM-MSCs in adult mice to study the function of BMPR1A in bone remodeling and found that the mutant mice showed an increase in cancellous and cortical bone mass, which was accompanied by a decrease in bone formation rate and a greater decrease in bone resorption. Decreased bone formation was associated with a defect in BM-MSC osteogenic differentiation whereas decreased bone resorption was associated with a decrease in RANKL production and osteoclastogenesis. However, ablation of Tak1, a critical non-canonical signaling molecule downstream of BMP receptors, in BM-MSCs at adult stage did not affect bone remodeling. These results suggest that BMP signaling through BMPRIA controls BM-MSC osteogenic differentiation/bone formation and RANKL expression/osteoclastogenesis in adult mice independent of Tak1 signaling.
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Wang T, Li S, Yi D, Zhou GQ, Chang Z, Ma PX, Xiao G, Chen D. CHIP regulates bone mass by targeting multiple TRAF family members in bone marrow stromal cells. Bone Res 2018; 6:10. [PMID: 29619270 PMCID: PMC5874245 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-018-0010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP or STUB1) is an E3 ligase and regulates the stability of several proteins which are involved in different cellular functions. Our previous studies demonstrated that Chip deficient mice display bone loss phenotype due to increased osteoclast formation through enhancing TRAF6 activity in osteoclasts. In this study we provide novel evidence about the function of CHIP. We found that osteoblast differentiation and bone formation were also decreased in Chip KO mice. In bone marrow stromal (BMS) cells derived from Chip-/- mice, expression of a panel of osteoblast marker genes was significantly decreased. ALP activity and mineralized bone matrix formation were also reduced in Chip-deficient BMS cells. We also found that in addition to the regulation of TRAF6, CHIP also inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB signaling through promoting TRAF2 and TRAF5 degradation. Specific deletion of Chip in BMS cells downregulated expression of osteoblast marker genes which could be reversed by the addition of NF-κB inhibitor. These results demonstrate that the osteopenic phenotype observed in Chip-/- mice was due to the combination of increased osteoclast formation and decreased osteoblast differentiation. Taken together, our findings indicate a significant role of CHIP in bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 200011 Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Dan Yi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Guang-Qian Zhou
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory and the Center for Anti-Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen University Medical School, 518060 Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Peter X. Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
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Wang X, Chen L, Peng W. Protective effects of resveratrol on osteoporosis via activation of the SIRT1-NF-κB signaling pathway in rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5032-5038. [PMID: 29201210 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the protective effects of resveratrol on a rat model of osteoporosis and examine the associated mechanisms of its action. Rats were randomized into the following groups: Control, osteoporosis, osteoporosis + low-dose resveratrol, osteoporosis + middle-dose resveratrol and osteoporosis + high-dose resveratrol groups. Resveratrol treatment was administered 7 days after surgery for 8 weeks. ELISA assay was used to analyze alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) protein levels. Western blotting was performed to assess the protein expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), nuclear factor (NF)-κB and NF-κB inhibitor (IkB) α. In the present study, the results indicated that resveratrol markedly improved the bone mineral density value, femoral porosity and bone mechanical tests in osteoporosis rats. Administration of resveratrol significantly decreased the serum levels of ALP and OC in rats with osteoporosis. Finally, treatment with resveratrol significantly promoted the protein expression of SIRT1, suppressed NF-κB and activated the IkBα protein expression in rats with osteoporosis. In conclusion, treatment with resveratrol significantly improved the final body weight of the osteoporosis rats via the SIRT1-NF-κB signaling pathway. The present study suggested that resveratrol exerted a protective effect on osteoporosis through activation of the SIRT1-NF-κB signaling pathway in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei, Wuhan 430033, P.R. China
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
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Li F, Li Q, Huang X, Wang Y, Ge C, Qi Y, Guo W, Sun H. Psoralen stimulates osteoblast proliferation through the activation of nuclear factor-κB-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:2385-2391. [PMID: 28962172 PMCID: PMC5609190 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that leads to increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Approximately 50% of postmenopausal women develop osteoporosis as a result of postmenopausal estrogen deficiency. To reduce fractures related to osteoporosis in women, previous studies have focused on therapeutic strategies that aim to increase bone formation or decrease bone resorption. However, pharmacological agents that aim to improve bone fracture susceptibility exhibit side effects. Current studies are investigating natural alternatives that possess the benefits of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) without the adverse effects. Recent studies have indicated that phytoestrogen may be an ideal natural SERM for the treatment of osteoporosis. In Chinese herbal medicine, psoralen, as the predominant substance of Psoralea corylifolia, is considered to be a phytoestrogen and is used as a remedy for osteoporosis. A number of studies have demonstrated the efficacy of psoralen in bone formation. However, the pathways and underlying molecular mechanisms that participate in psoralen-induced osteoblast formation are not well understood. In the present study, hFOB1.19 cells were treated with psoralen at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 µM) for 0, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays were performed to detect glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) expression. A cell counting kit-8 assay was used to analyze cell proliferation. In addition the effects of mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitors on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphorylated (p)-ERK, p38, p-p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p-JNK expressions and cell proliferation were measured, as was the effect of nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitor on P65 and GLUT3 expressions and cell proliferation. The results indicated that psoralen stimulates hFOB1.19 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Phospho-ERK, p38 and JNK were markedly increased by psoralen compared with the control group (P<0.05), and the specific inhibitors of ERK (SCH772984), p38 (SB203580) and JNK (SP600125) reversed the stimulatory effects of psoralen on signal marker phosphorylation (P<0.05). The rate of psoralen-induced cell proliferation was significantly suppressed by inhibitors of ERK, JNK and p38 compared with psoralen treatment alone (P<0.05). In addition, psoralen stimulated osteoblast proliferation via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, the present findings suggest that psoralen may be a potential natural alternative to SERMs in the treatment of osteoporosis and fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feimeng Li
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Qihuo Li
- Fourth Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Yunting Wang
- Fourth Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Chana Ge
- Fourth Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Fourth Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
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Xing WR, Goodluck H, Zeng C, Mohan S. Role and mechanism of action of leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 in bone. Bone Res 2017; 5:17003. [PMID: 28326224 PMCID: PMC5348726 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2017.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 (LRRK1) plays a critical role in regulating cytoskeletal organization, osteoclast activity, and bone resorption with little effect on bone formation parameters. Deficiency of Lrrk1 in mice causes a severe osteopetrosis in the metaphysis of the long bones and vertebrae bones, which makes LRRK1 an attractive alternative drug target for the treatment of osteoporosis and other high-turnover bone diseases. This review summarizes recent advances on the functions of the Lrrk1-related family members, Lrrk1 deficiency-induced skeletal phenotypes, LRRK1 structure–function, potential biological substrates and interacting proteins, and the mechanisms of LRRK1 action in osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weirong R Xing
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Helen Goodluck
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center , Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Canjun Zeng
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Identification of crucial genes related to postmenopausal osteoporosis using gene expression profiling. Aging Clin Exp Res 2016; 28:1067-1074. [PMID: 26676054 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-015-0509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common bone disease and characterized by low bone mineral density. AIM This study aimed to reveal key genes associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), and provide a theoretical basis for subsequent experiments. METHODS The dataset GSE7429 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. A total of 20 B cell samples (ten ones, respectively from postmenopausal women with low or high bone mineral density (BMD) were included in this dataset. Following screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), coexpression analysis of all genes was performed, and key genes in the coexpression network were screened using the random walk algorithm. Afterwards, functional and pathway analyses were conducted. Additionally, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between DEGs and key genes were analyzed. RESULTS A set of 308 DEGs (170 up-regulated ones and 138 down-regulated ones) between low BMD and high BMD samples were identified, and 101 key genes in the coexpression network were screened out. In the coexpression network, some genes had a higher score and degree, such as CSTA. The key genes in the coexpression network were mainly enriched in GO terms of the defense response (e.g., SERPINA1 and CST3), immune response (e.g., IL32 and CLEC7A); while, the DEGs were mainly enriched in structural constituent of cytoskeleton (e.g., CYLC2 and TUBA1B) and membrane-enclosed lumen (e.g., CCNE1 and INTS5). In the PPI network, CCNE1 interacted with REL; and TUBA1B interacted with ESR1. CONCLUSIONS A series of interactions, such as CSTA/TYROBP, CCNE1/REL and TUBA1B/ESR1 might play pivotal roles in the occurrence and development of PMO.
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Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper in Central Nervous System Health and Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:8063-8070. [PMID: 27889894 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is a large network of intercommunicating cells that function to maintain tissue health and homeostasis. Considerable evidence suggests that glucocorticoids exert both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects on the CNS. Glucocorticoids act by binding two related receptors in the cytoplasm, the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The glucocorticoid receptor complex mediates cellular responses by transactivating target genes and by protein: protein interactions. The paradoxical effects of glucocorticoids on neuronal survival and death have been attributed to the concentration and the ratio of mineralocorticoid to glucocorticoid receptor activation. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) is a recently identified protein transcriptionally upregulated by glucocorticoids. Constitutively, expressed in many tissues including brain, GILZ mediates many of the actions of glucocorticoids. It mimics the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects of glucocorticoids but exerts differential effects on stem cell differentiation and lineage development. Recent experimental data on the effects of GILZ following induced stress or trauma suggest potential roles in CNS diseases. Here, we provide a short overview of the role of GILZ in CNS health and discuss three potential rationales for the role of GILZ in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
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Cong Q, Jia H, Biswas S, Li P, Qiu S, Deng Q, Guo X, Ma G, Ling Chau JF, Wang Y, Zhang ZL, Jiang X, Liu H, Li B. p38α MAPK Regulates Lineage Commitment and OPG Synthesis of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells to Prevent Bone Loss under Physiological and Pathological Conditions. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:566-578. [PMID: 26947973 PMCID: PMC4834033 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Skewed differentiation of BM-MSCs contributes to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Yet how BM-MSC lineage commitment is regulated remains unclear. We show that ablation of p38α in Prx1+ BM-MSCs produced osteoporotic phenotypes, growth plate defects, and increased bone marrow fat, secondary to biased BM-MSC differentiation from osteoblast/chondrocyte to adipocyte and increased osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. p38α regulates BM-MSC osteogenic commitment through TAK1-NF-κB signaling and osteoclastogenesis through osteoprotegerin (OPG) production by BM-MSCs. Estrogen activates p38α to maintain OPG expression in BM-MSCs to preserve the bone. Ablation of p38α in BM-MSCs positive for Dermo1, a later BM-MSC marker, only affected osteogenic differentiation. Thus, p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in Prx1+ BM-MSCs acts to preserve the bone by promoting osteogenic lineage commitment and sustaining OPG production. This study thus unravels previously unidentified roles for p38α MAPK in skeletal development and bone remodeling. p38α deletion in Prx1+ BM-MSCs led to osteoporosis and cartilage anomaly p38α controls proliferation and tri-lineage differentiation of Prx1+ BM-MSCs p38α regulates osteoclastogenesis through OPG production by BM-MSCs The BM-MSC p38-OPG axis participates in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cong
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Soma Biswas
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shoutao Qiu
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xizhi Guo
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Gang Ma
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | | | - Yibin Wang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesiology, Medicine and Physiology, Molecular Biology Institute, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhen-Lin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Baojie Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
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Frederiksen AL, Larsen MJ, Brusgaard K, Novack DV, Knudsen PJT, Schrøder HD, Qiu W, Eckhardt C, McAlister WH, Kassem M, Mumm S, Frost M, Whyte MP. Neonatal High Bone Mass With First Mutation of the NF-κB Complex: Heterozygous De Novo Missense (p.Asp512Ser) RELA (Rela/p65). J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:163-72. [PMID: 26178921 PMCID: PMC5310715 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heritable disorders that feature high bone mass (HBM) are rare. The etiology is typically a mutation(s) within a gene that regulates the differentiation and function of osteoblasts (OBs) or osteoclasts (OCs). Nevertheless, the molecular basis is unknown for approximately one-fifth of such entities. NF-κB signaling is a key regulator of bone remodeling and acts by enhancing OC survival while impairing OB maturation and function. The NF-κB transcription complex comprises five subunits. In mice, deletion of the p50 and p52 subunits together causes osteopetrosis (OPT). In humans, however, mutations within the genes that encode the NF-κB complex, including the Rela/p65 subunit, have not been reported. We describe a neonate who died suddenly and unexpectedly and was found at postmortem to have HBM documented radiographically and by skeletal histopathology. Serum was not available for study. Radiographic changes resembled malignant OPT, but histopathological investigation showed morphologically normal OCs and evidence of intact bone resorption excluding OPT. Furthermore, mutation analysis was negative for eight genes associated with OPT or HBM. Instead, accelerated bone formation appeared to account for the HBM. Subsequently, trio-based whole exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous de novo missense mutation (c.1534_1535delinsAG, p.Asp512Ser) in exon 11 of RELA encoding Rela/p65. The mutation was then verified using bidirectional Sanger sequencing. Lipopolysaccharide stimulation of patient fibroblasts elicited impaired NF-κB responses compared with healthy control fibroblasts. Five unrelated patients with unexplained HBM did not show a RELA defect. Ours is apparently the first report of a mutation within the NF-κB complex in humans. The missense change is associated with neonatal osteosclerosis from in utero increased OB function rather than failed OC action. These findings demonstrate the importance of the Rela/p65 subunit within the NF-κB pathway for human skeletal homeostasis and represent a new genetic cause of HBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja L Frederiksen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Human Genetics, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin J Larsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Human Genetics, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Klaus Brusgaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Human Genetics, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Deborah V Novack
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Weimin Qiu
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - William H McAlister
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine at St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steven Mumm
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Morten Frost
- Endocrine Research Unit, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael P Whyte
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Melatonin, bone regulation and the ubiquitin-proteasome connection: A review. Life Sci 2015; 145:152-60. [PMID: 26706287 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, investigators have shown that ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated protein degradation is critical in regulating the balance between bone formation and bone resorption. The major signal transduction pathways regulating bone formation are the RANK/NF-κB pathway and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These signal transduction pathways regulate the activity of mature osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In addition, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the major signaling pathways in the differentiation of osteoblasts. The ubiquitin ligases that are reported to be of major significance in regulating these pathways are the ubiquitin SCF(B-TrCP) ligase (which regulates activation of NF-κB via degradation of IkBα in osteoclasts, and regulates bone transcription factors via degradation of β-catenin), the Keap-Cul3-Rbx1 ligase (which regulates degradation of IkB kinase, Nrf2, and the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2), and Smurf1. Also of significance in regulating osteoclastogenesis is the deubiquitinase, CYLD (cylindramatosis protein), which facilitates the separation of NF-κB from IkBα. The degradation of CYLD is also under the regulation of SCF(B-TrCP). Proteasome inhibitors influence the activity of mature osteoblasts and osteoclasts, but also modulate the differentiation of precursor cells into osteoblasts. Preclinical studies show that melatonin also influences bone metabolism by stimulating bone growth and inhibiting osteoclast activity. These actions of melatonin could be interpreted as being mediated by the ubiquitin ligases SCF(B-TrCP) and Keap-Cul3-Rbx, or as an inhibitory effect on proteasomes. Clinical trials of the use of melatonin in the treatment of bone disease, including multiple myeloma, using both continuous and intermittent modes of administration, are warranted.
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Kong S, Dong H, Song J, Thiruppathi M, Prabhakar BS, Qiu Q, Lin Z, Chini E, Zhang B, Fang D. Deleted in Breast Cancer 1 Suppresses B Cell Activation through RelB and Is Regulated by IKKα Phosphorylation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:3685-93. [PMID: 26378077 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternative NF-κB signaling is crucial for B cell activation and Ig production, and it is mainly regulated by the inhibitor of κ B kinase (IKK) regulatory complex. Dysregulation of alternative NF-κB signaling in B cells could therefore lead to hyperactive B cells and Ig overproduction. In our previous, study we found that deleted in breast cancer 1 (DBC1) is a suppressor of the alternative NF-κB pathway to attenuate B cell activation. In this study, we report that loss of DBC1 results in spontaneous overproduction of Ig in mice after 10 mo of age. Using a double mutant genetic model, we confirm that DBC1 suppresses B cell activation through RelB inhibition. At the molecular level, we show that DBC1 interacts with alternative NF-κB members RelB and p52 through its leucine zipper domain. In addition, phosphorylation of DBC1 at its C terminus by IKKα facilitates its interaction with RelB and IKKα, indicating that DBC1-mediated suppression of alternative NF-κB is regulated by IKKα. Our results define the molecular mechanism of DBC1 inhibition of alternative NF-κB activation in suppressing B cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinyi Kong
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611
| | - Jianxun Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Muthusamy Thiruppathi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Bellur S Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Quan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611
| | - Zhenghong Lin
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611
| | - Eduardo Chini
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Bin Zhang
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611; and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611;
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Zhao Z, Hou X, Yin X, Li Y, Duan R, Boyce BF, Yao Z. TNF Induction of NF-κB RelB Enhances RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Promoting Inflammatory Macrophage Differentiation but also Limits It through Suppression of NFATc1 Expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135728. [PMID: 26287732 PMCID: PMC4545392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF induces bone loss in common bone diseases by promoting osteoclast formation directly and indirectly, but it also limits osteoclast formation by inducing expression of NF-κB p100. Osteoclast precursors (OCPs) are derived from M1 (inflammatory) and M2 (resident) macrophages. However, it is not known if TNF stimulates or limits osteoclast formation through regulation of M1 or M2 differentiation or if RelB, a partner of p100, is involved. To investigate these questions, we treated bone marrow cells (BMCs) with M-CSF alone or in combination with TNF to enrich for OCPs, which we called M-OCPs and T-OCPs, respectively. We found that TNF switched CD11b+F4/80+ M-OCPs from Ly6C-Gr1- M2 to Ly6C+Gr1-CD11c+ and Ly6C-Gr1-CD11c+ M1 cells. RANKL induced osteoclast formation from both Ly6C+Gr1- and Ly6C-Gr1- T-OCPs, but only from Ly6C+Gr1- M-OCPs, which formed significantly fewer osteoclasts than T-OCPs. Importantly, Ly6C+Gr1- cells from both M- and T-OCPs have increased expression of the M1 marker genes, iNOS, TNF, IL-1β and TGFβ1, compared to Ly6C-Gr1- cells, and Ly6C-Gr1- cells from T-OCPs also have increased expression of iNOS and TGFβ1 compared to cells from M-OCPs. Both RANKL and TNF increased RelB mRNA expression. TNF significantly increased RelB protein levels, but RANKL did not because it also induced RelB proteasomal degradation. TNF inhibited RANKL-induced NFATc1 mRNA expression and osteoclast formation from M-OCPs, but not from T-OCPs, and it did not induce Ly6C+Gr1-CD11c+ or Ly6C-Gr1-CD11c+ M1 macrophages from RelB-/- BMCs. Furthermore, overexpression of RelB in M-OCPs reduced RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and NFATc1 mRNA expression, but it increased TNF-induced OC formation without affecting NFATc1 levels. Thus, TNF induction of RelB directly mediates terminal osteoclast differentiation independent of NFATc1 and limits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NFATc1 activation. However, the dominant role of TNF is to expand the OCP pool by switching the differentiation of M-CSF-induced M2 to M1 macrophages with enhanced osteoclast forming potential. Strategies to degrade RelB could prevent TNF-induced M2/M1 switching and reduce osteoclast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan University First Affiliated Hospital, 357 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Hou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan University First Affiliated Hospital, 357 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Box 626, Room 1–2105, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxiang Yin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan University First Affiliated Hospital, 357 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Box 626, Room 1–2105, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
| | - Yanyun Li
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Box 626, Room 1–2105, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
| | - Rong Duan
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Box 626, Room 1–2105, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
| | - Brendan F. Boyce
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Box 626, Room 1–2105, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Box 626, Room 1–2105, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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50
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Marie PJ. Osteoblast dysfunctions in bone diseases: from cellular and molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1347-61. [PMID: 25487608 PMCID: PMC11113967 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Several metabolic, genetic and oncogenic bone diseases are characterized by defective or excessive bone formation. These abnormalities are caused by dysfunctions in the commitment, differentiation or survival of cells of the osteoblast lineage. During the recent years, significant advances have been made in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the osteoblast dysfunctions in osteoporosis, skeletal dysplasias and primary bone tumors. This led to suggest novel therapeutic approaches to correct these abnormalities such as the modulation of WNT signaling, the pharmacological modulation of proteasome-mediated protein degradation, the induction of osteoprogenitor cell differentiation, the repression of cancer cell proliferation and the manipulation of epigenetic mechanisms. This article reviews our current understanding of the major cellular and molecular mechanisms inducing osteoblastic cell abnormalities in age-related bone loss, genetic skeletal dysplasias and primary bone tumors, and discusses emerging therapeutic strategies to counteract the osteoblast abnormalities in these disorders of bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre J Marie
- INSERM UMR-1132, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475, Paris Cedex 10, France,
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