1
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Yu D, Li Z, Cao J, Wei G, Shen F. LSD1 knockdown confers protection against osteoclast formation by reducing histone 3 lysine 9 monomethylation and dimethylation in ITGB3 promoter. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152073. [PMID: 37422927 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
ITGB3, an osteoclast marker, is involved in osteoclast formation. Nevertheless, its related mechanism remains poorly characterized. Herein, this study examines the mechanisms affecting osteoclast formation with the involvement of ITGB3. Osteoclast formation was induced with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), followed by measurement of the mRNA and protein expression of ITGB3 and LSD1. After gain- and loss-of-function assays, cell viability and the expression of osteoclast marker genes (NFATc1, ACP5, and CTSK) were assessed, and osteoclast formation was evaluated with TRAP staining. ChIP assays were used to examine histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) monomethylation (H3K9me1) and H3K9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) modifications and LSD1 protein enrichment in the ITGB3 promoter. During osteoclast formation, ITGB3 and LSD1 were gradually augmented. Knockdown of LSD1 or ITGB3 curbed cell viability, the expression of osteoclast marker genes, and osteoclast formation. Moreover, overexpression of ITGB3 nullified the suppressive impact of LSD1 knockdown on osteoclast formation. Mechanistically, LSD1 promoted ITGB3 expression by reducing H3K9 levels in the ITGB3 promoter. LSD1 enhanced ITGB3 expression by decreasing H3K9me1 and H3K9me2 levels in ITGB3 promoter to boost osteoclast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410005, PR China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Digestive, the First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, PR China
| | - Guowen Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, PR China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, PR China.
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2
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Karkache IY, Damodaran JR, Molstad DHH, Mansky KC, Bradley EW. Myeloid Lineage Ablation of Phlpp1 Regulates M-CSF Signaling and Tempers Bone Resorption in Female Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9702. [PMID: 34575866 PMCID: PMC8468863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior work demonstrated that Phlpp1 deficiency alters trabecular bone mass and enhances M-CSF responsiveness, but the cell types and requirement of Phlpp1 for this effect were unclear. To understand the function of Phlpp1 within myeloid lineage cells, we crossed Phlpp1 floxed mice with mice harboring LysM-Cre. Micro-computed tomography of the distal femur of 12-week-old mice revealed a 30% increase in bone volume per total volume of Phlpp1 female conditional knockouts, but we did not observe significant changes within male Phlpp1 cKOLysM mice. Bone histomorphmetry of the proximal tibia further revealed that Phlpp1 cKOLysM females exhibited elevated osteoclast numbers, but conversely had reduced levels of serum markers of bone resorption as compared to littermate controls. Osteoblast number and serum markers of bone formation were unchanged. In vitro assays confirmed that Phlpp1 ablation enhanced osteoclast number and area, but limited bone resorption. Additionally, reconstitution with exogenous Phlpp1 suppressed osteoclast numbers. Dose response assays demonstrated that Phlpp1-/- cells are more responsive to M-CSF, but reconstitution with Phlpp1 abrogated this effect. Furthermore, small molecule-mediated Phlpp inhibition enhanced osteoclast numbers and size. Enhanced phosphorylation of Phlpp substrates-including Akt, ERK1/2, and PKCζ-accompanied these observations. In contrast, actin cytoskeleton disruption occurred within Phlpp inhibitor treated osteoclasts. Moreover, Phlpp inhibition reduced resorption of cells cultured on bovine bone slices in vitro. Our results demonstrate that Phlpp1 deficiency within myeloid lineage cells enhances bone mass by limiting bone resorption while leaving osteoclast numbers intact; moreover, we show that Phlpp1 represses osteoclastogenesis and controls responses to M-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Y. Karkache
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (I.Y.K.); (J.R.D.); (D.H.H.M.)
| | - Jeyaram R. Damodaran
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (I.Y.K.); (J.R.D.); (D.H.H.M.)
| | - David H. H. Molstad
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (I.Y.K.); (J.R.D.); (D.H.H.M.)
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Developmental and Surgical Services, Institute for Virology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Elizabeth W. Bradley
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (I.Y.K.); (J.R.D.); (D.H.H.M.)
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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3
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Paglia DN, Diaz-Hernandez ME, Roberts JL, Kalinowski J, Lorenzo J, Drissi H. Deletion of Runx1 in osteoclasts impairs murine fracture healing through progressive woven bone loss and delayed cartilage remodeling. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1007-1015. [PMID: 31769548 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conditional deletion of the transcription factor Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) in myeloid osteoclast precursors promotes osteoclastogenesis and subsequent bone loss. This study posits whether Runx1 regulates clastic cell-mediated bone and cartilage resorption in the fracture callus. We first generated mice, in which Runx1 was conditionally abrogated in osteoclast precursors (LysM-Cre;Runx1F/F ; Runx1 cKO). Runx1 cKO and control mice were then subjected to experimental mid-diaphyseal femoral fractures. Our study found differential resorption of bony and calcified cartilage callus matrix by osteoclasts and chondroclasts within Runx1 cKO calluses, with increased early bony callus resorption and delayed calcified cartilage resorption. There was an increased number of osteoclasts and chondroclasts in the chondro-osseous junction of Runx1 cKO calluses starting at day 11 post-fracture, with minimal woven bone occupying the callus at day 18 post-fracture. LysM-Cre;Runx1F/F mutant mice had increased bone compliance at day 28, but their strength and work to failure were comparable with controls. Taken together, these results indicate that Runx1 is a critical transcription factor in controlling osteoclastogenesis that negatively regulates bone and cartilage resorption in the fracture callus. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:1007-1015, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Paglia
- Department of Orthopaedics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey
| | | | - Joseph L Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Judy Kalinowski
- Department of Medicine and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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4
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Yamaguchi F, Nishi H, Kuramoto T, Saitoh Y, Sogawa T, Misumi K, Fujiki M. Relationship between serum estradiol, cathepsin K, and N-telopeptide of type I collagen in female dogs. Res Vet Sci 2020; 130:133-138. [PMID: 32172002 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovariohysterectomized (OHE) female dogs do not develop the osteopenia and osteoporosis associated with decreasing estrogen in post-menopausal women, possibly due to post-OHE bone mineral density retention through a mechanism that remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate this mechanism by investigating estradiol (E2) and bone markers. Samples were collected from 56 OHE and 43 intact bitches (0.33 to 17.58 years old) and analyzed for serum E2, osteoclast-secreted cysteine protease cathepsin K (CTK), and N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) by ELISA. OHE and intact bitches showed no significant difference in serum E2 or NTx, and there was no correlation between serum E2 and NTx and age and time since OHE. Intact bitches showed a very low correlation between E2 and NTx, but OHE bitches showed no correlation, and serum CTK was generally undetectable in both groups. Our findings suggest the influence of gonadal hormones on bone metabolism does not work effectively in dogs; this is consistent with a shorter duration of exposure to E2 in bitches (through the 4-to-8-month anestrus phase) than women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishi
- Nishi Animal Hospital, 1-14-28 Chuzan, Kagoshima 891-0801, Japan
| | - Tomohide Kuramoto
- Kagoshima University veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Yasuo Saitoh
- Kagoshima University veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sogawa
- Kagoshima University veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Misumi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; Kagoshima University veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
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5
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Identification of osteoclast-osteoblast coupling factors in humans reveals links between bone and energy metabolism. Nat Commun 2020; 11:87. [PMID: 31911667 PMCID: PMC6946812 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling consists of resorption by osteoclasts followed by formation by osteoblasts, and osteoclasts are a source of bone formation-stimulating factors. Here we utilize osteoclast ablation by denosumab (DMAb) and RNA-sequencing of bone biopsies from postmenopausal women to identify osteoclast-secreted factors suppressed by DMAb. Based on these analyses, LIF, CREG2, CST3, CCBE1, and DPP4 are likely osteoclast-derived coupling factors in humans. Given the role of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP4) in glucose homeostasis, we further demonstrate that DMAb-treated participants have a significant reduction in circulating DPP4 and increase in Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 levels as compared to the placebo-treated group, and also that type 2 diabetic patients treated with DMAb show significant reductions in HbA1c as compared to patients treated either with bisphosphonates or calcium and vitamin D. Thus, our results identify several coupling factors in humans and uncover osteoclast-derived DPP4 as a potential link between bone remodeling and energy metabolism. Anti-resorptive bone therapies also inhibit bone formation, as osteoclasts secrete factors that stimulate bone formation by osteoblasts. Here, the authors identify osteoclast-secreted factors that couple bone resorption to bone formation in healthy subjects, and show that osteoclast-derived DPP4 may be a factor coupling bone resorption to energy metabolism.
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6
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Melatonin supports alendronate in preserving bone matrix and prevents gastric inflammation in ovariectomized rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 37:102-112. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Geng T, Chen X, Zheng M, Yu H, Zhang S, Sun S, Guo H, Jin Q. Effects of strontium ranelate on wear particle‑induced aseptic loosening in female ovariectomized mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1849-1857. [PMID: 29901109 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aseptic loosening and menopause‑induced osteoporosis are caused by an imbalance between bone formation and osteolysis. With an aging population, the probability of simultaneous occurrence of such conditions in an elderly individual is increasing. Strontium ranelate (SR) is an anti‑osteoporosis drug that promotes bone formation and inhibits osteolysis. The present study compared the effects of SR with those of the traditional anti‑osteoporosis drug alendronate (ALN) using an ovariectomized mouse model of osteolysis. The degree of firmness of the prosthesis and the surrounding tissue was examined, a micro‑CT scan of the prosthesis and the surrounding tissue was performed, and the levels of inflammatory and osteogenic and osteoclast factors were examined. It was observed that treatment with SR and ALN improved the bond between the prosthesis and the surrounding bone tissue by reducing the degree of osteolysis, thus improving the quality of bone around the prosthesis. SR increased the secretion of osteocalcin, runt‑related transcription factor 2 and osteoprotegerin (OPG). It additionally decreased the expression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor‑κB ligand (RANKL) and consequently increased the protein ratio OPG/RANKL, whereas ALN exhibited the opposite effect. Furthermore, SR and ALN suppressed tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑1β production, with SR exerting a more marked effect. The present results demonstrate that SR and ALN may stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption in the ovariectomized mouse model of wear particle‑mediated osteolysis, with SR demonstrating better effects compared with ALN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Geng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Mengxue Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Haochen Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Shouxuan Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Haohui Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Qunhua Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
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8
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Soki FN, Yoshida R, Paglia DN, Duong LT, Hansen MF, Drissi H. Articular cartilage protection in Ctsk -/- mice is associated with cellular and molecular changes in subchondral bone and cartilage matrix. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8666-8676. [PMID: 29781506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease and a major cause of chronic disability in aging individuals. Cathepsin K (CatK), encoded by the Ctsk gene, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pycnodysostosis and osteoporosis. The use of a selective inhibitor of CatK was recently shown to delay OA progression in rabbits. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying these protective effects remain unexplored. We examined articular cartilage maintenance and joint bone remodeling using Ctsk null mice (Ctsk-/- ) which underwent destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). We found that Ctsk-/- mice displayed delayed remodeling of subchondral and calcified cartilage by osteoclasts and chodroclasts respectively in DMM-induced osteoarthritis. While WT mice displayed a more severe OA phenotype than Ctsk-/- mice at 16 weeks, higher subchondral bone volume and lower trabecular spacing were also observed in surgically-induced OA joints of Ctsk-/- mice. However, no differences were seen in non-surgical controls. During OA progression, TRAP+ osteoclast numbers were increased in both WT and Ctsk-/- mice. However, Ctsk-/- mice had fewer physis-derived chondroclasts than WT when OA was present. These data suggest that CatK may differentially regulate chondroclastogenesis in the growth plate. Targeted PCR arrays of RNA harvested from laser captured osteoclasts in the subchondral bone and chondroclasts in the growth plate demonstrated differential expression of Atp6v0d2, Tnfrsf11a, Ca2, Calcr, Ccr1, Gpr68, Itgb3, Nfatc1, and Syk genes between WT and Ctsk-/- mice at 8- and 16-weeks post-DMM. Our data provide insight into the cellular mechanisms by which cathepsin K deletion delays OA progression in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana N Soki
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Ryu Yoshida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - David N Paglia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Le T Duong
- Bone Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania
| | - Marc F Hansen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Yi C, Hao KY, Ma T, Lin Y, Ge XY, Zhang Y. Inhibition of cathepsin K promotes osseointegration of titanium implants in ovariectomised rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44682. [PMID: 28304382 PMCID: PMC5356343 DOI: 10.1038/srep44682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone mineral deficiency in osteoporosis poses a threat to the long-term outcomes of endosseous implants. The inhibitors of cathepsin K (CatK) significantly affect bone turnover, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone strength in the patients with osteoporosis. Therefore, we hypothesised that the application of a CatK inhibitor (CatKI) could increase the osseointegration of endosseous implants under osteoporotic conditions. Odanacatib (ODN), a highly selective CatKI, was chosen as the experimental drug. Sixteen rats were randomised into 4 groups: sham, ovariectomy (OVX) with vehicle, OVX with low-dose ODN (5 mg/kg) and OVX with high-dose ODN (30 mg/kg). Titanium implants were placed into the distal metaphysis of bilateral femurs of each OVX rat. After 8 weeks of gavaging, CatKI treatment increased the removal torque, BMD and bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Moreover, high-dose CatKI exerted a better influence than low-dose CatKI. Furthermore, CatKI treatment not only robustly suppressed CatK gene (CTSK) expression, but also moderately reduced expression of the osteoblast-related genes Runx2, Collagen-1, BSP, Osterix, OPN, SPP1 and ALP. Thus, CatKI could affect the osteoblast-related genes, although the balance of bone turnover was achieved mainly by CatK inhibition. In conclusion, CatKI prevented bone loss and aided endosseous implantation in osteoporotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yi
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Yi Hao
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Yuan Ge
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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Barron ML, Rybchyn MS, Ramesh S, Mason RS, Fiona Bonar S, Stalley P, Khosla S, Hudson B, Arthur C, Kim E, Clifton-Bligh RJ, Clifton-Bligh PB. Clinical, cellular, microscopic, and ultrastructural studies of a case of fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium. Bone Res 2017; 5:16057. [PMID: 28326223 PMCID: PMC5350113 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2016.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium is a rare disorder of bone usually characterized by marked osteopenia and associated with variable osteoporosis and osteosclerosis, changing over time. Histological examination shows that newly formed collagen is abnormal, lacking birefringence when examined by polarized light. The case presented demonstrates these features and, in addition, a previously undocumented finding of a persistent marked reduction of the serum C3 and C4. Osteoblasts established in culture from a bone biopsy showed abnormal morphology on electron microscopy and increased proliferation when cultured with benzoylbenzoyl-ATP and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, contrasting with findings in normal osteoblasts in culture. A gene microarray study showed marked upregulation of the messenger RNA (mRNA) for G-protein-coupled receptor 128 (GPR 128), an orphan receptor of unknown function and also of osteoprotegerin in the patient's osteoblasts in culture. When normal osteoblasts were cultured with the patient's serum, there was marked upregulation of the mRNA for aquaporin 1. A single pathogenetic factor to account for the features of this disorder has not been defined, but the unique findings described here may facilitate more definitive investigation of the abnormal bone cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Barron
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark S Rybchyn
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sutharshani Ramesh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca S Mason
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Fiona Bonar
- Douglas HanlyMoir Pathology, Macquarie Park 2113, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Stalley
- Department of Orthopaedics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Department of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester 55905, MN, USA
| | - Bernie Hudson
- Department of Microbiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards 2065, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Arthur
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards 2065, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edward Kim
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards 2065, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roderick J Clifton-Bligh
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards 2065, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phillip B Clifton-Bligh
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards 2065, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Mukherjee K, Chattopadhyay N. Pharmacological inhibition of cathepsin K: A promising novel approach for postmenopausal osteoporosis therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 117:10-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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