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Ning B, Mustafy T, Londono I, Laporte C, Villemure I. Impact loading intensifies cortical bone (re)modeling and alters longitudinal bone growth of pubertal rats. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023:10.1007/s10237-023-01706-5. [PMID: 37000273 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise is important for musculoskeletal development during puberty, which builds bone mass foundation for later in life. However, strenuous levels of training might bring adverse effects to bone health, reducing longitudinal bone growth. Animal models with various levels of physical exercise were largely used to provide knowledge to clinical settings. Experiments from our previous studies applied different levels of mechanical loading on rat tibia during puberty accompanied by weekly in vivo micro-CT scans. In the present article, we apply 3D image registration-based methods to retrospectively analyze part of the previously acquired micro-CT data. Longitudinal bone growth, growth plate thickness, and cortical bone (re)modeling were evaluated from rats' age of 28-77 days. Our results show that impact loading inhibited proximal bone growth throughout puberty. We hypothesize that impact loading might bring different growth alterations to the distal and proximal growth plates. High impact loading might lead to pathological consequence of osteochondrosis and catch-up growth due to growth inhibition. Impact loading also increased cortical bone (re)modeling before and after the peak proximal bone growth period of young rats, of which the latter case might be caused by the shift from modeling to remodeling as the dominant activity toward the end of rat puberty. We confirm that the tibial endosteum is more mechano-sensitive than the periosteum in response to mechanical loading. To our knowledge, this is the first study to follow up bone growth and bone (re)modeling of young rats throughout the entire puberty with a weekly time interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Ning
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Tanvir Mustafy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Civil Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Irène Londono
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Catherine Laporte
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, 1100 Notre-Dame Street West, Montréal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Isabelle Villemure
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine Road, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
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Romosozumab improves low bone mineral density in a postmenopausal woman undergoing chronic hemodialysis and treated with a calcium-sensing receptor agonist. Bone Rep 2022; 17:101639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Tseng WJ, Lee W, Zhao H, Liu Y, Wang W, de Bakker CM, Li Y, Osuna C, Tong W, Wang L, Ma X, Qin L, Liu XS. Short Cyclic Regimen With Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Results in Prolonged Anabolic Effect Relative to Continuous Treatment Followed by Discontinuation in Ovariectomized Rats. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:616-628. [PMID: 34957605 PMCID: PMC9284987 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Despite the potent effect of intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) treatment on promoting new bone formation, bone mineral density (BMD) rapidly decreases upon discontinuation of PTH administration. To uncover the mechanisms behind this adverse phenomenon, we investigated the immediate responses in bone microstructure and bone cell activities to PTH treatment withdrawal and the associated long-term consequences. Unexpectedly, intact female and estrogen-deficient female rats had distinct responses to the discontinuation of PTH treatment. Significant tibial bone loss and bone microarchitecture deterioration occurred in estrogen-deficient rats, with the treatment benefits of PTH completely lost 9 weeks after discontinuation. In contrast, no adverse effect was observed in intact rats, with sustained treatment benefit 9 weeks after discontinuation. Intriguingly, there is an extended anabolic period during the first week of treatment withdrawal in estrogen-deficient rats, during which no significant change occurred in the number of osteoclasts, whereas the number of osteoblasts remained elevated compared with vehicle-treated rats. However, increases in number of osteoclasts and decreases in number of osteoblasts occurred 2 weeks after discontinuation of PTH treatment, leading to significant reduction in bone mass and bone microarchitecture. To leverage the extended anabolic period upon early withdrawal from PTH, a cyclic administration regimen with repeated cycles of on and off PTH treatment was explored. We demonstrated that the cyclic treatment regimen efficiently alleviated the PTH withdrawal-induced bone loss, improved bone mass, bone microarchitecture, and whole-bone mechanical properties, and extended the treatment duration. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ju Tseng
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wonsae Lee
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenzheng Wang
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chantal Mj de Bakker
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Yihan Li
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carlos Osuna
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wei Tong
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Luqiang Wang
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ma
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Qin
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - X Sherry Liu
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zhang C, Zhu J, Jia J, Guan Z, Sun T, Zhang W, Yuan W, Wang H, Leng H, Song C. Once-weekly parathyroid hormone combined with ongoing long-term alendronate treatment promotes osteoporotic fracture healing in ovariectomized rats. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2103-2115. [PMID: 33325546 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of once-weekly parathyroid hormone (PTH) combined with alendronate upon osteoporotic fracture healing after long-term alendronate anti-osteoporosis therapy. Seventy-six 12-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were either sham operated or bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). Following confirmation of osteoporosis 3 months after OVX, the remaining 64 animals received alendronate therapy. After 3 months of alendronate treatment, all rats underwent unilateral transverse tibial osteotomy. Animals were immediately randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) alendronate followed by vehicle (ALN-VEH), (2) continuation of alendronate (ALN-ALN), (3) alendronate followed by once-weekly PTH alone (ALN-PTH), (4) continuation of alendronate combined with once-weekly PTH (ALN-ALN + PTH) until collection at 4 or 8 weeks after osteotomy. The fractured tibia was assessed using x-ray, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, microcomputed tomography, biomechanical testing, histology, and sequential fluorescence labeling. The ALN-ALN + PTH treatment significantly increased total callus volume, mineralized callus volume, mineralized callus volume/total callus volume, and biomechanical strength of the callus relative to ALN-VEH and ALN-PTH treatments at both 4 and 8 weeks and produced more mature trabecular bone compared with ALN-ALN treatment at 8 weeks. RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) are osteoclastogenesis markers, while cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) is an important marker of angiogenesis. Qualitative immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CD31 and OPG expression was was strong after ALN-ALN + PTH compared with ALN-ALN treatment, whereas RANKL expression was weak after ALN-ALN + PTH versus ALN-PTH treatment. Our study showed that once-weekly PTH combined with alendronate was beneficial in promoting the healing of fractures acquired after long-term alendronate therapy in OVX-induced osteoporotic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wanqiong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Leng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Diseases, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Tseng WJ, de Bakker CMJ, Zhao H, Chung R, Liu XS. Peak trabecular bone microstructure predicts rate of estrogen-deficiency-induced bone loss in rats. Bone 2021; 145:115862. [PMID: 33493654 PMCID: PMC7920939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis affects a large number of women worldwide. Reduced estrogen levels during menopause lead to accelerated bone remodeling, resulting in low bone mass and increased fracture risk. Both peak bone mass and the rate of bone loss are important predictors of postmenopausal osteoporosis risk. However, whether peak bone mass and/or bone microstructure directly influence the rate of bone loss following menopause remains unclear. Our study aimed to establish the relationship between peak bone mass/microstructure and the rate of bone loss in response to estrogen deficiency following ovariectomy (OVX) surgery in rats of homogeneous background by tracking the skeletal changes using in vivo micro-computed tomography (μCT) and three-dimensional (3D) image registrations. Linear regression analyses demonstrated that the peak bone microstructure, but not peak bone mass, was highly predictive of the rate of OVX-induced bone loss. In particular, the baseline trabecular thickness was found to have the highest correlation with the degree of OVX-induced bone loss and trabecular stiffness reduction. Given the same bone mass, the rats with thicker baseline trabeculae had a lower rate of trabecular microstructure and stiffness deterioration after OVX. Moreover, further evaluation to track the changes within each individual trabecula via our novel individual trabecular dynamics (ITD) analysis suggested that a trabecular network with thicker trabeculae is less likely to disconnect or perforate in response to estrogen deficiency, resulting a lower degree of bone loss. Taken together, these findings indicate that the rate of estrogen-deficiency-induced bone loss could be predicted by peak bone microstructure, most notably the trabecular thickness. Given the same bone mass, a trabecular bone phenotype with thin trabeculae may be a risk factor toward accelerated postmenopausal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Li
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Wei-Ju Tseng
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Chantal M J de Bakker
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Rebecca Chung
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - X Sherry Liu
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Bakr MM, Kelly WL, Brunt AR, Paterson BC, Massa HM, Morrison NA, Forwood MR. Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Accelerates Stress Fracture Healing More Effectively Following Cessation of Bisphosphonate Treatment. JBMR Plus 2020; 4:e10387. [PMID: 32995690 PMCID: PMC7507447 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bisphosphonates (BPs), including alendronate (ALN), have opposing effects on bone dynamics. The extent to which PTH remains effective in the treatment of stress fracture (SFx) in the presence of an ongoing BP treatment has not been tested. SFx was induced in 150 female Wistar rats, divided into five equal groups (n = 30). All rats were pretreated with ALN (1 μg/kg-1/day-1) for 14 days prior to SFx induction, followed by ALN cessation or continuation for the duration of the experiment; this was combined with daily PTH (8 μg/100 g-1/day-1) on SFx induction for 14 days, followed by cessation or continuation of ALN after SFx induction or an equivalent vehicle as a control. Ulnas were examined 2 weeks or 6 weeks following SFx. Two toluidine blue- and two tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-stained sections were examined for histomorphometric analysis using Osteomeasure software. There was a significant interaction between the effects of time and treatment type on the woven bone width and apposition rate, as well as an improvement in the woven bone architecture. However, woven bone variables remained unaffected by the cessation or continuation of ALN. Cessation of ALN increased osteoclast number when compared with the ALN-PTH continuation group (p = 0.006), and vehicle (p = 0.024) after 2 weeks. There was a significant interaction between the effects of time and treatment type on the number of osteoclasts per unit BMU area and length. The number of osteoclasts per unit BMU area and length was significantly greater in ALN cessation groups. It was concluded that intermittent short-duration iPTH treatment effectively increased remodeling of SFx with a concurrent BP treatment, provided that BP was ceased at the time of SFx. Our results could help develop shorter iPTH treatment protocols for the clinical management of SFxs and guide clinical decision-making to cease BP treatment in cases of SFx. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Bakr
- School of Medical Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia.,School of Dentistry and Oral Health Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Wendy L Kelly
- School of Medical Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Athena R Brunt
- School of Medical Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Bradley C Paterson
- School of Medical Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Helen M Massa
- School of Medical Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Nigel A Morrison
- School of Medical Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Mark R Forwood
- School of Medical Sciences and Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
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Jia H, Rao L, Miu KK, Tang S, Chen W, Yang G, Li Y, Li Q, Chen J, Lu L. Inhibited Maternal Bone Resorption Suppress Fetal Rat Bone Development During Pregnancy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:83. [PMID: 32140467 PMCID: PMC7042177 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the relationship between maternal bone resorption and bone development in fetuses. Methods Female SD rats were injected with either fluorescent calcium indicator calcein alone or together with tetracycline 1 week before pregnancy, followed by fluorescence detection in fetal tibias 21 days post-treatment. Alendronate was subsequently administered to pregnant rats to inhibit maternal bone resorption, while maternal bone turnover and fetal bone development were both examined. Results The maternal fluorescent labeled calcium before pregnancy was found in the fetal tibia. This indicated that the calcium of maternal bones may be released into the maternal circulation through high bone resorption during pregnancy, thereby participating in the fetal bone development. Bone histomorphometry and serum biomarker results showed that Alendronate significantly inhibited maternal bone resorption in pregnant rats when compared to normal pregnant rats. Moreover, the body weight, bone mass, and bone length of the fetuses in the Alendronate group were significantly decreased; while no apparent abnormality in placental morphology was observed. The above results implied that when maternal bone resorption is suppressed, the development of the fetal bone shall also be suppressed. Conclusion Calcium in the maternal bone is released into the maternal circulation through bone resorption during pregnancy which represents an important material source in fetal bone development. Therefore, high bone turnover during pregnancy is essential for mammalian embryonic bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Jia
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Rao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Kei Miu
- Development and Regenerative Biology Theme, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuangjie Tang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guozhu Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingnan Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Lu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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de Bakker CM, Li Y, Zhao H, Leavitt L, Tseng WJ, Lin T, Tong W, Qin L, Liu XS. Structural Adaptations in the Rat Tibia Bone Induced by Pregnancy and Lactation Confer Protective Effects Against Future Estrogen Deficiency. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:2165-2176. [PMID: 30040148 PMCID: PMC6464108 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The female skeleton undergoes substantial structural changes during the course of reproduction. Although bone mineral density recovers postweaning, reproduction may induce permanent alterations in maternal bone microarchitecture. However, epidemiological studies suggest that a history of pregnancy and/or lactation does not increase the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis or fracture and may even have a protective effect. Our study aimed to explain this paradox by using a rat model, combined with in vivo micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging and bone histomorphometry, to track the changes in bone structure and cellular activities in response to estrogen deficiency following ovariectomy (OVX) in rats with and without a reproductive history. Our results demonstrated that a history of reproduction results in an altered skeletal response to estrogen-deficiency-induced bone loss later in life. Prior to OVX, rats with a reproductive history had lower trabecular bone mass, altered trabecular microarchitecture, and more robust cortical structure at the proximal tibia when compared to virgins. After OVX, these rats underwent a lower rate of trabecular bone loss than virgins, with minimal structural deterioration. As a result, by 12 weeks post-OVX, rats with a reproductive history had similar trabecular bone mass, elevated trabecular thickness, and increased robustness of cortical bone when compared to virgins, resulting in greater bone stiffness. Further evaluation suggested that reproductive-history-induced differences in post-OVX trabecular bone loss were likely due to differences in baseline trabecular microarchitecture, particularly trabecular thickness. Rats with a reproductive history had a larger population of thick trabeculae, which may be protective against post-OVX trabecular connectivity deterioration and bone loss. Taken together, these findings indicate that reproduction-associated changes in bone microarchitecture appear to reduce the rate of bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency later in life, and thereby exert a long-term protective effect on bone strength. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Mj de Bakker
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yihan Li
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Laurel Leavitt
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wei-Ju Tseng
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiao Lin
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Tong
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Qin
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - X Sherry Liu
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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