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Yu Y, Lee S, Bock M, An SB, Shin HE, Rim JS, Kwon JO, Park KS, Han I. Promotion of Bone Formation in a Rat Osteoporotic Vertebral Body Defect Model via Suppression of Osteoclastogenesis by Ectopic Embryonic Calvaria Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8174. [PMID: 39125746 PMCID: PMC11311643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are the most prevalent fractures among patients with osteoporosis, leading to severe pain, deformities, and even death. This study explored the use of ectopic embryonic calvaria derived mesenchymal stem cells (EE-cMSCs), which are known for their superior differentiation and proliferation capabilities, as a potential treatment for bone regeneration in OVCFs. We evaluated the impact of EE-cMSCs on osteoclastogenesis in a RAW264.7 cell environment, which was induced by the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-beta ligand (RANKL), using cytochemical staining and quantitative real-time PCR. The osteogenic potential of EE-cMSCs was evaluated under various hydrogel conditions. An osteoporotic vertebral body bone defect model was established by inducing osteoporosis in rats through bilateral ovariectomy and creating defects in their coccygeal vertebral bodies. The effects of EE-cMSCs were examined using micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histology, including immunohistochemical analyses. In vitro, EE-cMSCs inhibited osteoclast differentiation and promoted osteogenesis in a 3D cell culture environment using fibrin hydrogel. Moreover, μCT and histological staining demonstrated increased new bone formation in the group treated with EE-cMSCs and fibrin. Immunostaining showed reduced osteoclast activity and bone resorption, alongside increased angiogenesis. Thus, EE-cMSCs can effectively promote bone regeneration and may represent a promising therapeutic approach for treating OVCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerin Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (S.L.); (M.B.); (S.B.A.); (H.E.S.); (K.-S.P.)
| | - Somin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (S.L.); (M.B.); (S.B.A.); (H.E.S.); (K.-S.P.)
| | - Minsung Bock
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (S.L.); (M.B.); (S.B.A.); (H.E.S.); (K.-S.P.)
| | - Seong Bae An
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (S.L.); (M.B.); (S.B.A.); (H.E.S.); (K.-S.P.)
- Advanced Regenerative Medicine Research Center, CHA Future Medicine Research Institute, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Eun Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (S.L.); (M.B.); (S.B.A.); (H.E.S.); (K.-S.P.)
| | - Jong Seop Rim
- Fetal Stem Cell Research Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea; (J.S.R.); (J.-o.K.)
| | - Jun-oh Kwon
- Fetal Stem Cell Research Center, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea; (J.S.R.); (J.-o.K.)
| | - Kwang-Sook Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (S.L.); (M.B.); (S.B.A.); (H.E.S.); (K.-S.P.)
- Advanced Regenerative Medicine Research Center, CHA Future Medicine Research Institute, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Republic of Korea; (Y.Y.); (S.L.); (M.B.); (S.B.A.); (H.E.S.); (K.-S.P.)
- Advanced Regenerative Medicine Research Center, CHA Future Medicine Research Institute, Seongnam-si 13488, Republic of Korea
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Zheng H, Liu Y, Deng Y, Li Y, Liu S, Yang Y, Qiu Y, Li B, Sheng W, Liu J, Peng C, Wang W, Yu H. Recent advances of NFATc1 in rheumatoid arthritis-related bone destruction: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Mol Med 2024; 30:20. [PMID: 38310228 PMCID: PMC10838448 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00788-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the synovial tissue and joint bone destruction, often leading to significant disability. The main pathological manifestation of joint deformity in RA patients is bone destruction, which occurs due to the differentiation and proliferation of osteoclasts. The transcription factor nuclear factor-activated T cell 1 (NFATc1) plays a crucial role in this process. The regulation of NFATc1 in osteoclast differentiation is influenced by three main factors. Firstly, NFATc1 is activated through the upstream nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/RANK signaling pathway. Secondly, the Ca2+-related co-stimulatory signaling pathway amplifies NFATc1 activity. Finally, negative regulation of NFATc1 occurs through the action of cytokines such as B-cell Lymphoma 6 (Bcl-6), interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), MAF basic leucine zipper transcription factor B (MafB), and LIM homeobox 2 (Lhx2). These three phases collectively govern NFATc1 transcription and subsequently affect the expression of downstream target genes including TRAF6 and NF-κB. Ultimately, this intricate regulatory network mediates osteoclast differentiation, fusion, and the degradation of both organic and inorganic components of the bone matrix. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in understanding the mechanism of NFATc1 in the context of RA-related bone destruction and discusses potential therapeutic agents that target NFATc1, with the aim of offering valuable insights for future research in the field of RA. To assess their potential as therapeutic agents for RA, we conducted a drug-like analysis of potential drugs with precise structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuexuan Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yasi Deng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yunzhe Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yong Yang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wenbing Sheng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jinzhi Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Caiyun Peng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Huanghe Yu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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Xie X, Zhang W, Xiao M, Wei T, Qiu Y, Qiu J, Wang H, Qiu Z, Zhang S, Pan Y, Mao L, Li Y, Guo B, Yang W, Hu Y, Hu S, Gong Y, Yang J, Xiao G, Zhang Y, Bai X. TREM2 acts as a receptor for IL-34 to suppress acute myeloid leukemia in mice. Blood 2023; 141:3184-3198. [PMID: 37001042 PMCID: PMC10646818 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment supports leukocyte mobilization and differentiation and controls the development of leukemias, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we found that the development of AML xenotransplants was suppressed in mice with osteoclasts tuberous sclerosis 1 (Tsc1) deletion. Tsc1-deficient osteoclasts released a high level of interleukin-34 (IL-34), which efficiently induced AML cell differentiation and prevented AML progression in various preclinical models. Conversely, AML development was accelerated in mice deficient in IL-34. Interestingly, IL-34 inhibited AML independent of its known receptors but bound directly to triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), a key hub of immune signals. TREM2-deficient AML cells and normal myeloid cells were resistant to IL-34 treatment. Mechanistically, IL-34-TREM2 binding rapidly phosphorylated Ras protein activator like 3 and inactivated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 signaling to prevent AML cell proliferation and stimulate differentiation. Furthermore, TREM2 was downregulated in patients with AML and associated with a poor prognosis. This study identified TREM2 as a novel receptor for IL-34, indicating a promising strategy for overcoming AML differentiation blockade in patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Xie
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuju Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyang Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyou Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Mao
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanwen Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxing Hu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujie Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Nucleus pulposus related lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in intervertebral disc degeneration. Genomics 2023; 115:110570. [PMID: 36746221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to have a comprehensive understanding of nucleus pulposus related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA expression profiles in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). In total, 2418 mRNAs and 528 lncRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in the IDD group compared with the Control group. Combining microarray datasets and sequencing data, 5 overlapping DEMs and 7 overlapping DELs were identified. NF-κB signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were strongly linked with enriched GO terms and KEGG pathways. The ceRNA network suggested that lnc-TMEM44-AS1-hsa-miR-206-HDAC4 may be one crucial axis in IDD. PPI network analysis was constructed with 309 nodes and 129 edges. And the highest connectivity degrees were ALB, APOB and CCL2. This study suggested that specific lncRNAs and ceRNA axes may be crucial in the development of IDD. It provides a new perspective for delaying IDD process and enhancing intervertebral disc repair.
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Jin K, Qiu S, Chen B, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Zhou X, Yang L, Ai J, Wei Q. DOK3 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of prostate cancer via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:423-432. [PMID: 36867541 PMCID: PMC10106266 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DOK3 (Downstream of kinase 3) is involved primarily with immune cell infiltration. Recent research reported the role of DOK3 in tumor progression, with opposite effects in lung cancer and gliomas; however, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains elusive. This study aimed to explore the role of DOK3 in PCa and to determine the mechanisms involved. METHODS To investigate the functions and mechanisms of DOK3 in PCa, we performed bioinformatic and biofunctional analyses. Samples from patients with PCa were collected from West China Hospital, and 46 were selected for the final correlation analysis. A lentivirus-based short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) carrier was established for silencing DOK3. A series of experiments involving the cell counting kit-8, bromodeoxyuridine, and flow cytometry assays were performed to identify cell proliferation and apoptosis. Changes in biomarkers from the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway were detected to verify the relationship between DOK3 and the NF-κB pathway. A subcutaneous xenograft mouse model was performed to examine phenotypes after knocking down DOK3 in vivo . Rescue experiments with DOK3 knockdown and NF-κB pathway activation were designed to verify regulating effects. RESULTS DOK3 was up-regulated in PCa cell lines and tissues. In addition, a high level of DOK3 was predictive of higher pathological stages and worse prognoses. Similar results were observed with PCa patient samples. After silencing DOK3 in PCa cell lines 22RV1 and PC3, cell proliferation was significantly inhibited while apoptosis was promoted. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that DOK3 function was enriched in the NF-κB pathway. Mechanism experiments determined that knockdown of DOK3 suppressed activation of the NF-κB pathway, increased the expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 like 11 (BIM) and B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X (BAX), and decreased the expression of phosphorylated-P65 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP). In the rescue experiments, pharmacological activation of NF-κB by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) partially recovered cell proliferation after the knockdown of DOK3. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that overexpression of DOK3 promotes PCa progression by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jin
- Department of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- Department of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xianghong Zhou
- Department of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Gavile CM, Kazmers NH, Novak KA, Meeks HD, Yu Z, Thomas JL, Hansen C, Barker T, Jurynec MJ. Familial Clustering and Genetic Analysis of Severe Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis in a Large Statewide Cohort. J Hand Surg Am 2022; 47:923-933. [PMID: 36184273 PMCID: PMC9547951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our goals were to identify individuals who required surgery for thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint osteoarthritis (OA), determine if CMC joint OA clusters in families, define the magnitude of familial risk of CMC joint OA, identify risk factors associated with CMC joint OA, and identify rare genetic variants that segregate with familial CMC joint OA. METHODS We searched the Utah Population Database to identify a cohort of CMC joint OA patients who required surgery. Affected individuals were mapped to pedigrees to identify high-risk families with excess clustering of CMC joint OA. Cox regression models were used to calculate familial risk of CMC joint OA in related individuals. Risk factors were evaluated using logistic regression models. Whole exome sequencing was used to identify rare coding variants associated with familial CMC joint OA. RESULTS We identified 550 pedigrees with excess clustering of severe CMC joint OA. The relative risk of CMC joint OA requiring surgical treatment was elevated significantly in first- and third-degree relatives of affected individuals, and significant associations with advanced age, female sex, obesity, and tobacco use were observed. We discovered candidate genes that dominantly segregate with severe CMC joint OA in 4 independent families, including a rare variant in Chondroitin Sulfate Synthase 3 (CHSY3). CONCLUSIONS Familial clustering of severe CMC joint OA was observed in a statewide population. Our data indicate that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the disease process, further highlighting the multifactorial nature of the disease. Genomic analyses suggest distinct biological processes are involved in CMC joint OA pathogenesis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Awareness of associated comorbidities may guide the diagnosis of CMC joint OA in at-risk populations and help identify individuals who may not do well with nonoperative treatment. Further pursuit of the genes associated with severe CMC joint OA may lead to assays for detection of early stages of disease and have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kendra A Novak
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Huong D Meeks
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Utah Population Database, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Zhe Yu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Utah Population Database, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Joy L Thomas
- Intermountain Healthcare, Precision Genomics, St. George, UT
| | - Channing Hansen
- Intermountain Healthcare, Biorepository, South Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Tyler Barker
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Intermountain Healthcare, Precision Genomics, Murray, UT; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Michael J Jurynec
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
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Wei R, Zhang L, Hu W, Wu J, Zhang W. CSTA plays a role in osteoclast formation and bone resorption by mediating the DAP12/TREM2 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 627:12-20. [PMID: 36007331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cystatin A (CSTA) is a cysteine protease inhibitor that is expressed highly during osteoporosis. However, the exact role of CSTA in osteoporosis remains unknown. In this study, we examined the role of CSTA in the formation, differentiation, and bone resorption of osteoclasts. We extracted bone marrow cells from 8-week-old wildtype mice to obtain RANKL and M-CSF-induced osteoclasts. We performed CSTA overexpression and knockdown experiments in the cells. We analyzed the role of CSTA in the process of osteoclasts by trap staining. In addition, we studied the contribution of CSTA to osteogenesis through the DAP12/TREM2 (DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa/Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2) complex. We analyzed the role of CSTA in postmenopausal osteoporosis using OVX mouse models. We found that the silencing of CSTA inhibited the differentiation and formation of osteoclasts. The loss of CSTA weakened the expression of osteoclast marker genes. In contrast, overexpression of CSTA significantly increased differentiation and formation of osteoclasts and enhanced bone resorption. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that CSTA and DAP12 are co-expressed in osteoclasts, and the loss of either DAP12 or TREM2 inhibited osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Suppression of CSTA decreased DAP12 and TREM2 expression, whereas overexpression of CSTA rescued the loss of TREM2 expression caused by DAP12 knockdown. Co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization experiments indicated that CSTA interacted with DAP12. In addition, we found that injection of si-CSTA into OVX mice significantly improved bone parameters. Our research indicates that CSTA interacts with the DAP12/TREM2 complex and could be a potential targeted therapy for osteoporosis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
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ULK1 Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption via Inhibiting Syk-JNK through DOK3. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2896674. [PMID: 34820053 PMCID: PMC8608530 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2896674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone resorption diseases, including osteoporosis, are usually caused by excessive osteoclastogenesis. Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1), a mammalian serine/threonine kinase, may participate in the regulation of bone homeostasis and osteolytic metastasis. In this study, ULK1 expression during osteoclastogenesis was detected with RT-PCR. We knocked down or overexpressed ULK1 through siRNA or lentiviral transduction in bone marrow macrophage (BMM). TRAP and phalloidin staining were performed to detect the osteoclastogenesis activity. Ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model of osteoporosis and a mouse of model osteoclast-induced bone resorption were applied to explore the role of ULK1 in bone resorption in vivo. The results showed that ULK1 expression was downregulated during osteoclast differentiation and was clinically associated with osteoporosis. ULK1 inhibited osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Knockdown of ULK1 expression activated phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). Docking protein 3 (DOK3) was coexpressed with ULK1 during osteoclastogenesis. Downregulation of DOK3 offsets the effect of ULK1 on osteoclastogenesis and induced phosphorylation of JNK and Syk. Activation of ULK1 impeded bone loss in OVX mice with osteoporosis. Additionally, upregulation of ULK1 inhibited osteoclast-induced bone resorption in vivo. Therefore, our study reveals a novel ULK1/DOK3/Syk axis that regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, and targeting ULK1 is a potential therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis.
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Yang YY, Ye L, Chen J, Qiu Y, Yin YL, Li P. Dok3 is involved in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via regulation of inflammation and apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 569:132-138. [PMID: 34245977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Downstream-of-kinase 3 (Dok3), a member of the Dok family of adaptor proteins plays a critical role in inflammatory response and immune regulation; however, the role of Dok3 in cisplatin-induced AKI remains unclear. This study explored the effect and potential molecular mechanisms of Dok3 in cisplatin-induced AKI using Dok3 knockout (Dok3-/-) and control mice (129S) with or without administration of a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin. Apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and Hoechst staining. Inflammatory factors were measured using ELISA kits. Protein and gene expression levels were measured by western blot analysis and real-time PCR, respectively. The results showed that Dok3 was expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells. Dok3 expression was decreased in kidneys of mice treated with cisplatin and cisplatin-treated HK2 cells. Dok3-/- mice showed lower creatinine levels and NGAL expression, and increased survival rates compared to 129S mice. Cisplatin-induced production of TNF-α and IL-6, and renal tubular cell apoptosis was attenuated in Dok3-/- mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HK2 cells overexpressing Dok3 exhibited exacerbated cisplatin-induced apoptosis and production of TNF-α and IL-6. These findings demonstrate that Dok3 regulates cisplatin-induced AKI by regulating apoptosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Translational Medical and Innovative Drug, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Ling Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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10
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Endocrine role of bone in the regulation of energy metabolism. Bone Res 2021; 9:25. [PMID: 34016950 PMCID: PMC8137703 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone mainly functions as a supportive framework for the whole body and is the major regulator of calcium homeostasis and hematopoietic function. Recently, an increasing number of studies have characterized the significance of bone as an endocrine organ, suggesting that bone-derived factors regulate local bone metabolism and metabolic functions. In addition, these factors can regulate global energy homeostasis by altering insulin sensitivity, feeding behavior, and adipocyte commitment. These findings may provide a new pathological mechanism for related metabolic diseases or be used in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effect of bone and bone-derived factors on energy metabolism and discuss directions for future research.
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11
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MORPHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BONE ATROPHY FOR TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE LEFT MANDIBULAR CANAL. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2021-4-78-131-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Shao Y, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Recent advance of spleen tyrosine kinase in diseases and drugs. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107168. [PMID: 33264719 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase, also known as p72Syk. It is important for downstream signaling from cell surface receptors, such as Fc receptors, complement receptors and integrin. Syk plays the critical role in triggering immune and allergic reactions, the signaling pathway of Syk has become the research focus on drugs for allergic disease and human malignancies. This review summarized the characteristics of Syk, its mechanism in related reactions, and mainly discussed the signal transduction pathway mediated by Syk. With the development of industry and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the incidence of allergic diseases is increasing, it has become a global priority disease. In this process, Syk participates in IgE/FcεRI signaling pathway plays a critical role in triggering allergic reactions. This review described the characteristics and the interaction mechanism of Syk and its binding proteins in disease, and summarized the research status of targeted Syk inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Shao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Su Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanfen Zhang
- Technology Transfer Center, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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13
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Loh JT, Teo JKH, Lim HH, Lam KP. Emerging Roles of Downstream of Kinase 3 in Cell Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:566192. [PMID: 33133079 PMCID: PMC7550416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.566192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Downstream of kinase (Dok) 3 is a member of the Dok family of adaptor proteins known to regulate signaling pathways downstream of various immunoreceptors. As Dok-3 lacks intrinsic catalytic activity, it functions primarily as a molecular scaffold to facilitate the nucleation of protein complexes in a regulated manner and hence, achieve specificity in directing signaling cascades. Since its discovery, considerable progress has been made toward defining the role of Dok-3 in limiting B cell-receptor signaling. Nonetheless, Dok-3 has since been implicated in the signaling of Toll-like and C-type lectin receptors. Emerging data further demonstrate that Dok-3 can act both as an activator and inhibitor, in lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell types, suggesting Dok-3 involvement in a plethora of signal transduction pathways. In this review, we will focus on the structure and expression profile of Dok-3 and highlight its role during signal transduction in B cells, innate cells as well as in bone and lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tong Loh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joey Kay Hui Teo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong-Hwa Lim
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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14
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Souza PPC, Lerner UH. Finding a Toll on the Route: The Fate of Osteoclast Progenitors After Toll-Like Receptor Activation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1663. [PMID: 31379855 PMCID: PMC6652233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
M-CSF and RANKL are two crucial cytokines stimulating differentiation of mature, bone resorbing, multinucleated osteoclasts from mononucleated progenitor cells in the monocyte/macrophage lineage. In addition to the receptors for M-CSF and RANKL, osteoclast progenitor cells express receptors for several other pro- and anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines, which also regulate osteoclast formation by affecting signaling downstream M-CSF and RANKL receptors. Similar to many other cells originating from myeloid hematopoetic stem cells, also osteoclast progenitors express toll-like receptors (TLRs). Nine murine TLRs are expressed in the progenitors and all, with the exception of TLR2 and TLR4, are downregulated during osteoclastogenesis. Activation of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9, but not TLR5, in osteoclast progenitors stimulated with M-CSF and RANKL arrests differentiation along the osteoclastic lineage and keeps the cells at a macrophage stage. When the progenitors are primed with M-CSF/RANKL and then stimulated with agonists for TLR2, TLR4, or TLR9 in the presence of M-CSF, but in the absence of RANKL, the cells differentiate to mature, bone resorbing osteoclasts. TLR 2, 4, 5, and 9 are also expressed on osteoblasts and their activation increases osteoclast differentiation by an indirect mechanism through stimulation of RANKL. In mice, treatment with agonists for TLR2, 4, and 5 results in osteoclast formation and extensive bone loss. It remains to be shown the relative importance of inhibitory and stimulatory effects by TLRs on osteoclast progenitors and the role of RANKL produced by TLR stimulated osteoblasts, for the bone resorbing effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro P C Souza
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Owen R, Reilly GC. In vitro Models of Bone Remodelling and Associated Disorders. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:134. [PMID: 30364287 PMCID: PMC6193121 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of bone remodelling by diseases such as osteoporosis results in an imbalance between bone formation by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. Research into these metabolic bone disorders is primarily performed in vivo; however, in the last decade there has been increased interest in generating in vitro models that can reduce or replace our reliance on animal testing. With recent advances in biomaterials and tissue engineering the feasibility of laboratory-based alternatives is growing; however, to date there are no established in vitro models of bone remodelling. In vivo, remodelling is performed by organised packets of osteoblasts and osteoclasts called bone multicellular units (BMUs). The key determinant of whether osteoclasts form and remodelling occurs is the ratio between RANKL, a cytokine which stimulates osteoclastogenesis, and OPG, its inhibitor. This review initially details the different circumstances, conditions, and factors which have been found to modulate the RANKL:OPG ratio, and fundamental factors to be considered if a robust in vitro model is to be developed. Following this, an examination of what has been achieved thus far in replicating remodelling in vitro using three-dimensional co-cultures is performed, before overviewing how such systems are already being utilised in the study of associated diseases, such as metastatic cancer and dental disorders. Finally, a discussion of the most important considerations to be incorporated going forward is presented. This details the need for the use of cells capable of endogenously producing the required cytokines, application of mechanical stimulation, and the presence of appropriate hormones in order to produce a robust model of bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gwendolen C. Reilly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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16
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Zhu S, Ehnert S, Rouß M, Häussling V, Aspera-Werz RH, Chen T, Nussler AK. From the Clinical Problem to the Basic Research-Co-Culture Models of Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082284. [PMID: 30081523 PMCID: PMC6121694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue undergoes constant remodeling and healing when fracture happens, in order to ensure its structural integrity. In order to better understand open biological and clinical questions linked to various bone diseases, bone cell co-culture technology is believed to shed some light into the dark. Osteoblasts/osteocytes and osteoclasts dominate the metabolism of bone by a multitude of connections. Therefore, it is widely accepted that a constant improvement of co-culture models with both cell types cultured on a 3D scaffold, is aimed to mimic an in vivo environment as closely as possible. Although in recent years a considerable knowledge of bone co-culture models has been accumulated, there are still many open questions. We here try to summarize the actual knowledge and address open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhu
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Marc Rouß
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Victor Häussling
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Romina H Aspera-Werz
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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17
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Kajikawa S, Taguchi Y, Hayata T, Ezura Y, Ueta R, Arimura S, Inoue JI, Noda M, Yamanashi Y. Dok-3 and Dok-1/-2 adaptors play distinctive roles in cell fusion and proliferation during osteoclastogenesis and cooperatively protect mice from osteopenia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:967-974. [PMID: 29548825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone mass is determined by coordinated acts of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which control bone formation and resorption, respectively. Osteoclasts are multinucleated, macrophage/monocyte lineage cells from bone marrow. The Dok-family adaptors Dok-1, Dok-2 and Dok-3 are expressed in the macrophage/monocyte lineage and negatively regulate many signaling pathways, implying roles in osteoclastogenesis. Indeed, mice lacking Dok-1 and Dok-2, the closest homologues with redundant functions, develop osteopenia with increased osteoclast counts compared to the wild-type controls. Here, we demonstrate that Dok-3 knockout (KO) mice also develop osteopenia. However, Dok-3 KO, but not Dok-1/-2 double-KO (DKO), mice develop larger osteoclasts within the normal cell-count range, suggesting a distinctive role for Dok-3. Indeed, Dok-3 KO, but not Dok-1/-2 DKO, bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) generated larger osteoclasts with more nuclei due to augmented cell-to-cell fusion in vitro. In addition, while Dok-1/-2 DKO BMDCs generated more osteoclasts, Dok-1/-2/-3 triple-KO (TKO) BMDCs generated osteoclasts increased in both number and size. Furthermore, Dok-1/-2/-3 TKO mice showed the combined effects of Dok-3 and Dok-1/-2 deficiency: severe osteopenia with more and larger osteoclasts. Together, our findings demonstrate that Dok-3 and Dok-1/-2 play distinctive but cooperative roles in osteoclastogenesis and protect mice from osteopenia, providing physiological and pathophysiological insight into bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kajikawa
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuu Taguchi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Hayata
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ezura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ryo Ueta
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Sumimasa Arimura
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Inoue
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masaki Noda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamanashi
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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