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Wang X, Zheng W, Bai Z, Huang S, Jiang K, Liu H, Liu L. Mimicking bone matrix through coaxial electrospinning of core-shell nanofibrous scaffold for improving neurogenesis bone regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213246. [PMID: 36549151 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a significant clinical demand for bone repair materials with high efficacy. This study was designed to fabricate nanofibrous scaffolds to promote bone defect regeneration using magnesium doped mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG), a fusion protein Osteocalcin-Osteopontin-Biglycan (OOB), silk fibroin (SF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) for facilitating accelerated bone formation. We found that MBG adsorbed with OOB (OOB@MBG) as core, and SF adsorbed with NGF (SF@NGF) as shell to fabricate the nanofibrous scaffolds (OOB@MBG/NGF@SF) through coaxial electrospinning. OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could effectively mimic the component and structure of bone matrix. Interestingly, we observed that OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could substantially promote bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis through stimulating Erk1/2 activated Runx2 and mTOR pathway, and it could also activate the expression level of various osteogenic marker genes. Intriguingly, OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could also enhance BMSCs induced neural differentiation cells differentiated into neuron, and activate the expression of the different neuron specific marker genes. Moreover, it was found that OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds accelerated bone regeneration with neurogenesis, and new neurons were formed in Haversian canal in vivo. Consistent with these observations, we found that Erk1/2 and mTOR signaling pathways also regulated osteogenesis with the neurogenesis process from RNA sequencing result. Overall, our findings provided novel evidence suggesting that OOB@MBG/NGF@SF scaffolds could function as a potential biomaterial in accelerating bone defect regeneration with neurogenesis, as well as in recovering the motor ability and improving the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China.
| | - Weijia Zheng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Zhenzu Bai
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Haoming Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
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Li T, Geng Y, Hu Y, Zhang L, Cui X, Zhang W, Gao F, Liu Z, Luo X. Dentin Matrix Protein 1 Silencing Inhibits Phosphorus Utilization in Primary Cultured Tibial Osteoblasts of Broiler Chicks. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:875140. [PMID: 35558889 PMCID: PMC9087580 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.875140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Three experiments were carried out in the present study to investigate whether dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) was involved in regulating phosphorus (P) metabolic utilization in primary cultured tibial osteoblasts of broiler chicks. Experiment 1 was conducted to select the optimal osteogenic inductive culture medium and the optimal induction time in primary cultured tibial osteoblasts of broiler chicks. In experiment 2, the siRNAs against DMP1 were designed, synthesized and transfected into primary cultured tibial osteoblasts of broiler chicks, and then the inhibitory efficiencies of siRNAs against DMP1 were determined, and the most efficacious siRNA was selected to be used for the DMP1 silencing. In experiment 3, with or without siRNA against DMP1, primary cultured tibial osteoblasts of broiler chicks were treated with the medium supplemented with 0.0, 1.0 or 2.0 mmol/L of P as NaH2PO4 for 12 days. The P metabolic utilization-related parameters were measured. The results showed that the osteogenic induced medium 2 and 12 days of the optimal induction time were selected; Among the designed siRNAs, the si340 was the most effective (P < 0.05) in inhibiting the DMP1 expression; DMP1 silencing decreased (P < 0.05) the expressions of DMP1 mRNA and protein, P retention rate, mineralization formation, alkaline phosphatase activity and bone gla-protein content in tibial osteoblasts at all of added P levels. It is concluded that DMP1 silencing inhibited P utilization, and thus DMP1 was involved in regulating P metabolic utilization in primary cultured tibial osteoblasts of broiler chicks, which provides a novel insight into the regulation of the P utilization in the bone of broilers, and will contribute to develop feasible strategies to improve the bone P utilization efficiency of broilers so as to decrease its excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanqiang Geng
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cui
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Weiyun Zhang
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feiyu Gao
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xugang Luo
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3
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Lin J, Liu L, Huang S, Zheng W, Liu H, Bai Z, Jiang K, Wang X. PCL nanofibrous incorporating unique matrix fusion protein adsorbed mesoporous bioactive glass for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:136-148. [PMID: 35301005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) is a potential biomedical material in bone defect repairment because of its bioactivity, biocompatibility, and osteoinduction properties. Here we report that Mg-doped MBG scaffold with 3:1 Ca/Mg ratio (MBG-Ca/Mg-3) is good for MC3T3-E1 osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Mimicking bone extracellular matrix structure by electrospinning, we used MBG-Ca/Mg-3 adsorbed with Osteocalcin-Osteopontin-Biglycan (OOB), a new unique matrix fusion protein, to form OOB@MBG-Ca/Mg-3 scaffold, which has multifunctional ability in calvarial bone defect repairment in vivo. Intriguingly, we found that OOB@MBG-Ca/Mg-3 scaffold increases the expression of osteoblastic marker genes, including bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp2), osteopontin (Opn), Osterix, Runx2 through activation of ERK1/2. We concluded that OOB@MBG-Ca/Mg-3 scaffold promotes osteoblast differentiation and mineralization through ERK1/2 pathway and it can also enhance bone formation in vivo, which provides a new biomaterial in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Lin
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Weijia Zheng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Haoming Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Zhenzu Bai
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China.
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4
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Lee YS, Feng CW, Peng MY, Chen YC, Chan TF. Antiosteoporosis effects of a marine antimicrobial peptide pardaxin via regulation of the osteogenesis pathway. Peptides 2022; 148:170686. [PMID: 34774923 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are known to play an important role in natural immunity. Moreover, the diverse biological activities of AMPs showed great potency in treating many diseases. Thus, in this study, we used an AMP, that is, pardaxin, from a marine fish (Pardachirus marmoratus), which has been reported to possess antibacterial and antitumor activities. We first investigated the mechanisms of pardaxin in promoting osteogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. As per our data, it was determined that pardaxin could stimulate bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and downstream cascade. The activation of BMP-2 could further induce the phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Additionally, the activation of p-Akt and p-ERK could prompt the elevation and translocation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx-2), which is associated with osteoblast differentiation. The translocation of runx-2 initiated transcription and translation of osteogenesis-related markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osterix, and osteocalcin. Pardaxin significantly facilitated preosteoblast cells in mineralization and reversed dexamethasone- (DM-) induced zebrafish bone formation deficiency by activating the osteogenesis pathway. Therefore, we suggest that pardaxin could be a possible candidate for osteoporosis treatment and a promising therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Shih Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan
| | - Te-Fu Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan.
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5
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Li Z, Xu K, Zhao S, Guo Y, Chen H, Ni J, Liu Q, Wang Z. SPATA4 improves aging-induced metabolic dysfunction through promotion of preadipocyte differentiation and adipose tissue expansion. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13282. [PMID: 33314576 PMCID: PMC7811838 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis‐associated protein 4 (SPATA4) is conserved across multiple species. However, the function of this gene remains largely unknown. In this study, we generated Spata4 transgenic mice to explore tissue‐specific function of SPATA4. Spata4 overexpression mice displayed increased subcutaneous fat tissue compared with wild‐type littermates at an old age, while this difference was not observed in younger mice. Aging‐induced ectopic fat distribution, inflammation, and insulin resistance were also significantly attenuated by SPATA4. In vitro, SPATA4 promoted preadipocyte differentiation through activation of the ERK1/2 and C/EBPβ pathway and increased the expression of adipokines. These data suggest SPATA4 can regulate lipid accumulation in a tissue‐specific manner and improve aging‐induced dysmetabolic syndromes. Clarifying the mechanism of SPATA4 functioning in lipid metabolism might provide novel therapeutic targets for disease interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchi Li
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Kang Xu
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
| | - Yannan Guo
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Huiling Chen
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Jianquan Ni
- School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Qingfei Liu
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China
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Luigi-Sierra MG, Landi V, Guan D, Delgado JV, Castelló A, Cabrera B, Mármol-Sánchez E, Alvarez JF, Gómez-Carpio M, Martínez A, Such X, Jordana J, Amills M. A genome-wide association analysis for body, udder, and leg conformation traits recorded in Murciano-Granadina goats. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:11605-11617. [PMID: 33069406 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Morphological traits are of great importance to dairy goat production given their effect on phenotypes of economic interest. However, their underlying genomic architecture has not yet been extensively characterized. Herein, we aimed to identify genomic regions associated with body, udder, and leg conformation traits recorded in 825 Murciano-Granadina goats. We genotyped this resource population using the GoatSNP50 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) and performed genome-wide association analyses using the GEMMA software. We found 2 genome-wide significant associations between markers rs268273468 [Capra hircus (CHI) 16:69617700] and rs268249346 (CHI 28:18321523) and medial suspensory ligament. In contrast, we did not detect any genome-wide significant associations for body and leg traits. Moreover, we found 12, 19, and 7 chromosome-wide significant associations for udder, body, and leg traits, respectively. Comparison of our data with previous studies revealed a low level of positional concordance between regions associated with morphological traits. In addition to technical factors, this lack of concordance could be due to a substantial level of genetic heterogeneity among breeds or to the strong polygenic background of morphological traits, which makes it difficult to detect genetic factors that have small phenotypic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gracia Luigi-Sierra
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Landi
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," SP. 62 per Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano (BA), Italy
| | - Dailu Guan
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | | | - Anna Castelló
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Betlem Cabrera
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Emilio Mármol-Sánchez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández Alvarez
- Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caprino de Raza Murciano-Granadina (CAPRIGRAN), 18340 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Amparo Martínez
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain
| | - Xavier Such
- Group of Research in Ruminants (G2R), Department of Animal and Food Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Jordi Jordana
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Marcel Amills
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain; Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
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Dreher SI, Fischer J, Walker T, Diederichs S, Richter W. Significance of MEF2C and RUNX3 Regulation for Endochondral Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:81. [PMID: 32195247 PMCID: PMC7064729 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Guiding progenitor cell development between chondral versus endochondral pathways is still an unachieved task of cartilage neogenesis, and human mesenchymal progenitor cell (MPC) chondrogenesis is considered as a valuable model to better understand hypertrophic development of chondrocytes. Transcription factors Runx2, Runx3, and Mef2c play prominent roles for chondrocyte hypertrophy during mouse development, but little is known on the importance of these key fate-determining factors for endochondral development of human MPCs. The aim of this study was to unravel the regulation of RUNX2, RUNX3, and MEF2C during MPC chondrogenesis, the pathways driving their expression, and the downstream hypertrophic targets affected by their regulation. RUNX2, RUNX3, and MEF2C gene expression was differentially regulated during chondrogenesis of MPCs, but remained low and unregulated when non-hypertrophic articular chondrocytes were differentiated under the same conditions. RUNX3 and MEF2C mRNA and protein levels rose in parallel to hypertrophic marker upregulation, but surprisingly, RUNX2 gene expression changed only by trend and RUNX2 protein remained undetectable. While RUNX3 expression was driven by TGF-β and BMP signaling, MEF2C responded to WNT-, BMP-, and Hedgehog-pathway inhibition. MEF2C but not RUNX3 levels correlated significantly with COL10A1, IHH, and IBSP gene expression when hypertrophy was attenuated. IBSP was a downstream target of RUNX3 and MEF2C but not RUNX2 in SAOS-2 cells, underlining the capacity of RUNX3 and MEF2C to stimulate osteogenic marker expression in human cells. Conclusively, RUNX3 and MEF2C appeared more important than RUNX2 for human endochondral MPC chondrogenesis. Pathways altering the speed of chondrogenesis (FGF, TGF-β, BMP) affected RUNX2 or RUNX3, while pathways changing hypertrophy (WNT, PTHrP/HH) regulated mainly MEF2C. Taken together, reduction of MEF2C levels is a new goal to shift human cartilage neogenesis toward the chondral pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon I Dreher
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fischer
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Walker
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Solvig Diederichs
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wiltrud Richter
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wang X, Chen W, Liu Q, Liu L. Genistein adsorbed mesoporous bioactive glass with enhanced osteogenesis properties. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 42:321-328. [PMID: 31776752 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) has good biocompatibility without immune reaction after implanting into tissue as biomaterial which was used in the treatment of bone defect. Genistein (G), a phytoestrogen, could be used in the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. RESULTS Here, we report that MBG with large pores (MBG-L) and MBG-L adsorbed with G (MBG-L/G) sustained-release G could enhance osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization. Interestingly, we observed that MBG-L enhanced the formation of bone-like deposit and Ca deposition in vitro. In the other side, we also found that MBG-L/G substrate could promote osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization through Erk activated Runx2 pathway. Interestingly, the expression of osteoblast-specific marker gene Osteopontin (Opn) was also increased in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on MBG-L/G substrate. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that MBG-L/G is a potential biomaterial for the treatment of bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Shaoyang No. 11 Middle School, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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9
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Ablondi M, Viklund Å, Lindgren G, Eriksson S, Mikko S. Signatures of selection in the genome of Swedish warmblood horses selected for sport performance. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:717. [PMID: 31533613 PMCID: PMC6751828 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A growing demand for improved physical skills and mental attitude in modern sport horses has led to strong selection for performance in many warmblood studbooks. The aim of this study was to detect genomic regions with low diversity, and therefore potentially under selection, in Swedish Warmblood horses (SWB) by analysing high-density SNP data. To investigate if such signatures could be the result of selection for equestrian sport performance, we compared our SWB SNP data with those from Exmoor ponies, a horse breed not selected for sport performance traits. Results The genomic scan for homozygous regions identified long runs of homozygosity (ROH) shared by more than 85% of the genotyped SWB individuals. Such ROH were located on ECA4, ECA6, ECA7, ECA10 and ECA17. Long ROH were instead distributed evenly across the genome of Exmoor ponies in 77% of the chromosomes. Two population differentiation tests (FST and XP-EHH) revealed signatures of selection on ECA1, ECA4, and ECA6 in SWB horses. Conclusions Genes related to behaviour, physical abilities and fertility, appear to be targets of selection in the SWB breed. This study provides a genome-wide map of selection signatures in SWB horses, and ground for further functional studies to unravel the biological mechanisms behind complex traits in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Ablondi
- Dept. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7023, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Åsa Viklund
- Dept. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7023, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gabriella Lindgren
- Dept. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7023, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Livestock Genetics, Department of Biosystems, Leuven, KU, Belgium
| | - Susanne Eriksson
- Dept. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7023, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sofia Mikko
- Dept. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7023, S-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
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10
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Liu MZ, Zhou DC, Liu Q, Xie FL, Xiang DX, Tang GY, Luo SL. Osteogenesis activity of isocoumarin a through the activation of the PI3K-Akt/Erk cascade-activated BMP/RUNX2 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172480. [PMID: 31228453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone formation refers to a series of complex events related to the activities of osteoblasts. In this study, we evaluated the osteogenesis activity of a natural compound named isocoumarin A that was isolated from the rhizomes of Polygonum amplexicaule on the non-transformed preosteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 for an in vitro study, and the results revealed that it increased the proliferation and promoted the mineralization of the extracellular matrix of MC3T3-E1 cells after treatment for 3 d in a dose-dependent manner. The cell metabolic activity peaked at 169% at 10 μM, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) tripled to 15.94 U/mg compared with the control group. The protein levels of morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), ALP, and the mRNA levels of ALP, type I collagen (COL-1), and osteocalcin (OCN) were also upregulated after isocoumarin A administration. The mechanism investigation revealed that these effects were associated with the activation of the p-Akt/p-Erk1/2-activated BMP/RUNX2 signaling pathway. Subsequently, the in vivo investigation on the zebrafish embryos model demonstrated that isocoumarin A (0.30 mM) increased the number of vertebrae (5.38 ± 2.07 pcs) and the vertebral area (433.25 ± 111.77 μm2) in the development process of zebrafish embryos after a 7-day postfertilization (dpf) culture compared with the control group (2.50 ± 1.16 pcs and 209.75 ± 86.40 μm2). Together, these results indicated that isocoumarin A could be viewed as a promising candidate in early drug discovery and development to promote the healing of fractures and postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Zhen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China
| | - Dong-Chu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, 41300, PR China
| | - Fu-Li Xie
- School of Medical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, PR China
| | - Da-Xiong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China
| | - Gen-Yun Tang
- School of Medical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, PR China
| | - Shi-Lin Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China.
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11
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Zhou L, He J, Sun S, Yu Y, Zhang T, Wang M. Cryptochrome 1 Regulates Osteoblast Differentiation via the AKT Kinase and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling Pathways. Cell Reprogram 2019; 21:141-151. [PMID: 30985214 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2018.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The many circadian clock genes build up a network structure that controls physiological processes, such as the sleep cycle, metabolism, and hormone secretion. Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1), as one of the critical circadian proteins, is closely related to bone formation. However, the regulatory function of CRY1 in osteogenic differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of CRY1 in regulating proliferation and osteoblast differentiation in C3H10 and C2C12 cells after silencing Cry1 using short hairpin RNA interference. In vitro experiments confirmed that the expression level of CRY1 gradually increased during the osteogenic differentiation process, and Cry1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells. In addition, Cry1 knockdown inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT kinase (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which suppressed the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-ERK signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings show that CRY1 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells in an AKT and ERK-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yueming Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tieqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Minghai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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12
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Wang X, Liu Q, Chen W, Liu L. FGF adsorbed mesoporous bioactive glass with larger pores in enhancing bone tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:48. [PMID: 30982116 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) is performed as a bone tissue engineering material because of its good bioactivity, biocompatibility and osteoinducion characteristics. Here, we propose MBG with larger pores (MBG-L) adsorbed fibroblast growth factor (FGF) to facilitate osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization. Specifically, we observed that MBG-L promotes calcium deposit precipitation in vitro. In addition, adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and matrix mineralization were promoted after osteoblast cultured on MBG-L/FGF. Interestingly, we found that the transcriptional activity of the critical transcription factor Runx2 was increased through MAPK pathway after osteoblast cultured on MBG-L/FGF. Support for this result, we found that the expression of osteoblastic marker genes, Osteocalcin (Ocn), Osteopontin (Opn), and Runx2 were increased. Thus, our findings provided that MBG-L/FGF could be a promising new material in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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13
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Mechanical strain promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on TiO2 nanotubes substrate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:840-846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Li L, Wang P, Hu K, Wang X, Cai W, Ai C, Liu S, Wang Z. PFMG1 promotes osteoblast differentiation and prevents osteoporotic bone loss. FASEB J 2018; 32:838-849. [PMID: 29021211 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700422r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nacre is a widely used mineral medicine that has been reported to have beneficial effects in bone remodeling without an increase in inflammation. Water-soluble nacre matrix has been demonstrated to be responsible for the effect, yet core active ingredients are unknown. Pinctada fucata mantle gene 1 (PFMG1) was first discovered in the mantle tissue of Pinctada fucata. The protein has 2 EF-hands, a calcium-binding domain. PFMG1 protein can affect the growth of calcium carbonate crystals in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that PFMG1 affects cell-cycle distribution and promotes preosteoblast proliferation. PFMG1 accelerates preosteoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix mineralization. During the differentiation process, PFMG1 increases the expression level of osteoblastic marker genes and activates the Erk signaling pathway. PFMG1 also accelerates calcium crystal aggregation in culture medium and suppresses osteoclast formation. Moreover, PFMG1 prevents bone loss caused by ovariectomy. RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that PFMG1 stimulates genes that are associated with tissue development and ossification, which indicated new genes that function in bone remodeling. Our findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of PFMG1 from nacre as a novel medicine for osteoporosis.-Li, L., Wang, P., Hu, K., Wang, X., Cai, W., Ai, C., Liu, S., Wang, Z. PFMG1 promotes osteoblast differentiation and prevents osteoporotic bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Li
- Protein Science Key Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Protein Science Key Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiqiang Hu
- Protein Science Key Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Protein Science Key Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Wenping Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ai
- Protein Science Key Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Protein Science Key Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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15
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Wang L, Lu WG, Shi J, Zhang HY, Xu XL, Gao B, Huang Q, Li XJ, Hu YQ, Jie Q, Luo ZJ, Yang L. Anti‑osteoporotic effects of tetramethylpyrazine via promoting osteogenic differentiation and inhibiting osteoclast formation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8307-8314. [PMID: 28983593 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long‑term glucocorticoid therapy results in various side effects, including a high incidence of glucocorticoid‑induced osteoporosis (GIOP), which is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis. Excess glucocorticoids reduce the viability of bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and prolong osteoclast survival. These two types of cell are essential in the balance between bone formation and resorption. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), the pharmacologically active component extracted from Chuanxiong, has been reported to protect BMSCs from glucocorticoid‑induced apoptosis. In the present study, the protective effects of TMP on BMSC differentiation and osteoclasts maturation in GIOP were investigated in vivo and in vitro. The immunostaining of osterix (OSX) and tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining indicated that TMP promoted osteogenesis and inhibited osteoclastogenesis in a rat model of GIOP. Treatment with 10‑6 M dexamethasone (Dex) significantly inhibited BMSC differentiation and increased TRAP‑positive cells in vitro. However, different concentrations of TMP (50, 100 and 200 µM) ameliorated the negative effects of Dex by promoting the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the calcium mineralization of BMSCs following osteogenic induction, which increased the expression levels of osteogenic genes, including ALP, collagen type I α1, osteocalcin and OSX, and decreased osteoclastogenesis‑related genes, including TRAP, nuclear factor of T‑cells cytoplasmic 1 and cathepsin K. In addition, it was found that the inhibition of receptor activator of nuclear factor‑κB ligand and intereleukin‑6 in BMSCs may be a possible mechanism for the protective effects of TMP against glucocorticoid‑induced osteoclastogenesis. These results are the first, to the best of our knowledge, to demonstrate that TMP promotes BMSC differentiation and inhibits osteoclastogenesis to ameliorate bone mass change in GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Guang Lu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yang Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Long Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jie Li
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Qian Hu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Jie
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo-Jing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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16
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Small molecule T63 suppresses osteoporosis by modulating osteoblast differentiation via BMP and WNT signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10397. [PMID: 28871136 PMCID: PMC5583318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis results from the imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation, and restoring the normal balance of bone remodeling is highly desirable for identification of better treatment. In this study, using a cell-based high-throughput screening model representing Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) transcriptional activity, we identified a novel small-molecular-weight compound, T63, as an efficient up-regulator of osteogenesis. T63 increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) activity and mineralization as well as gene expression of Alpl and other osteogenic marker genes in mouse osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cell-like cells. Upon induction of osteoblast differentiation, T63 inhibited adipogenic differentiation in the pluripotent mesenchymal cells. Consistently, T63 up-regulated RUNX2 mRNA and protein levels, and knockdown of RUNX2 reduced the osteogenic role of T63. Mechanistically, T63 activated both BMPs and WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways. Inhibition of either signaling pathway with specific inhibitor suppressed T63-induced RUNX2 expression and the osteogenic phenotypes. Moreover, T63 markedly protected against bone mass loss in the ovariectomized and dexamethasone treated rat osteoporosis model. Collectively, our data demonstrate that T63 could be a promising drug candidate and deserves further development for potential therapeutics in osteoporosis.
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17
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Wang X, Chen W, Liu Q, Gao K, Wang G, Gao L, Liu L. Function and mechanism of mesoporous bioactive glass adsorbed epidermal growth factor for accelerating bone tissue regeneration. Biomed Mater 2017; 12:025020. [PMID: 28452332 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa65d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) has been demonstrated to play a vital role in bone tissue engineering due to its bioactivity, biocompatibility, and osteoinduction properties. Here, we report that MBG grafted with an amino group (MBG-NH2) and MBG-NH2 adsorbed epidermal growth factor (EGF) (MBG-NH2/EGF) sustained-release EGF, and MBG-NH2/EGF could accelerate osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells. We found that MBG-NH2 could promote bone-like deposit formation and Ca deposition in vitro. Intriguingly, we observed that MBG-NH2/EGF enhanced MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion. We also showed that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was phosphorylated when MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on MBG-NH2/EGF. Interestingly, the transcription factor Runx2, important for osteoblast differentiation, was also activated when MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on MBG-NH2/EGF. We showed that MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on MBG-NH2/EGF activating Runx2 was through ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Consistent with this survey, we observed that MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on MBG-NH2/EGF accelerated osteoblastic marker gene expressions, including osteopontin (Opn) and osteocalcin (Ocn). Taken together, we conclude that the osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were accelerated in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on MBG-NH2/EGF through ERK-activated Runx2 pathway. These findings support the idea that MBG-NH2/EGF is a potential biomaterial for bone tissue repair in bone defect-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, People's Republic of China
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18
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Song M, Huo H, Cao Z, Han Y, Gao L. Aluminum Trichloride Inhibits the Rat Osteoblasts Mineralization In Vitro. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:186-193. [PMID: 27260532 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is an accumulative toxic metal. Excessive Al accumulation inhibits osteoblasts mineralization and induces osteoporosis. However, the inhibition mechanism of Al on the mineralization is not fully understood. Thus, in this study, the rat osteoblasts were cultured and exposed to 0 mmol L-1 (control group, CG) and 0.52 mmol L-1 aluminum trichloride (AlCl3, treatment group, TG) for 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively. We found that mineralized matrix nodules, the activity of bone alkaline phosphatase, the concentration of extracellular calcium, the mRNA expression of type-I collagen, the mRNA and protein expressions of osteopontin, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein were all decreased, while the concentration of extracellular phosphorus was increased in TG compared with CG with time prolonged. Taken together, these results indicated that AlCl3 inhibited osteoblasts mineralization in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China.
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19
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Wang X, Wang G, Liu L, Zhang D. The mechanism of a chitosan-collagen composite film used as biomaterial support for MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39322. [PMID: 28000715 PMCID: PMC5175145 DOI: 10.1038/srep39322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural composite biomaterials are good structural supports for bone cells to regenerate lost bone. Here, we report that a chitosan-collagen composite film accelerated osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and matrix mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells. Intriguingly, we observed that the film enhanced the phosphorylation of Erk1/2. We showed that the chitosan-collagen composite film increased the transcriptional activity of Runx2, which is an important factor regulating osteoblast differentiation downstream of phosphorylated Erk1/2. Consistent with this observation, we found that the chitosan-collagen composite film increased the expression of osteoblastic marker genes, including Type I Collagen and Runx2 in MC3T3-E1 cells. We conclude that this film promoted osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization through an Erk1/2-activated Runx2 pathway. Our findings provide new evidence that chitosan-collagen composites are promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering in bone defect-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, PR China
| | - Gan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, PR China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, PR China
| | - Dongyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, PR China
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20
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Zhou J, Li Y, Yang L, Wu Y, Zhou Y, Cui Y, Yang G, Hong Y. Stanniocalcin 2 improved osteoblast differentiation via phosphorylation of ERK. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5653-5659. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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21
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Choi J, Lee SY, Yoo YM, Kim CH. Maturation of Adipocytes is Suppressed by Fluid Shear Stress. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 75:87-94. [PMID: 27830366 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-016-0771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Preadipocytes are mechano-responsive cells and their differentiation to adipocytes may be regulated by various types of physical stimulation. Understanding the mechanism of differentiation, which increases the number of adipocytes and lipid accumulation is important in the study of obesity-related diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of physical stimulation at different stages of adipogenic differentiation using physiological levels of fluid shear stress. Preadipocytes were treated with dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and insulin for 3 days (induction period) and incubated for additional 6 days for maturation. Fluid shear stress of 1 Pa at 1 Hz was applied for 1 h at different stages of differentiation. Fluid shear stress applied at the maturation period significantly reduced the expressions of C/enhancer binding protein (EBP)α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ2 leading to reduced lipid accumulation. Fluid shear stress applied at the early or late stages of the induction period only decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 expression without any significant changes in lipid accumulation. Stimulation at multiple days during the induction period did not result in changes in lipid accumulation compared to stimulation at a single day. These results suggest that lipid droplet accumulation is effectively decreased by fluid shear stress applied during the cell maturation period. Understanding the cellular response to physical stimulation throughout the entire adipocyte differentiation period may be important in controlling adipogenesis by physical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongyun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26493, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Qiao X, Yong Qiao X, Nie Y, Ma Y, Xian Ma Y, Chen Y, Cheng R, Yin W, Yao Yinrg W, Hu Y, Xu W, Ming Xu W, Xu L, Zhi Xu L. Irisin promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via activating the MAP kinase signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18732. [PMID: 26738434 PMCID: PMC4704023 DOI: 10.1038/srep18732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is able to improve skeletal health. However, the mechanisms are poorly known. Irisin, a novel exercise-induced myokine, secreted by skeletal muscle in response to exercise, have been shown to mediate beneficial effects of exercise in many disorders. In the current study, we demonstrated that irisin promotes osteoblast proliferation, and increases the expression of osteoblastic transcription regulators, such as Runt-related transcription factor-2, osterix/sp7; and osteoblast differentiation markers, including alkaline phosphatase, collagen type 1 alpha-1, osteocalcin, and osteopontin in vitro. Irisin also increase ALP activity and calcium deposition in cultured osteoblast. These osteogenic effects were mediated by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Inhibition of p38 MAPK by SB023580 or pERK by U0126 abolished the proliferation and up-regulatory effects of irisin on Runx2 expression and ALP activity. Together our observation suggest that irisin directly targets osteoblast, promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via activating P38/ERK MAP kinase signaling cascades in vitro. Whether irisin can be utilized as the therapeutic agents for osteopenia and osteoporosis is worth to be further pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao Yong Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Ya Xian Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wei Yao Yinrg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wen Ming Xu
- The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,The Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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23
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Huang Q, Shi J, Gao B, Zhang HY, Fan J, Li XJ, Fan JZ, Han YH, Zhang JK, Yang L, Luo ZJ, Liu J. Gastrodin: an ancient Chinese herbal medicine as a source for anti-osteoporosis agents via reducing reactive oxygen species. Bone 2015; 73:132-44. [PMID: 25554600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a crucial pathogenic factor of osteoporosis. Gastrodin, isolated from the traditional Chinese herbal agent Gastrodia elata, is a potent antioxidant. We hypothesized that gastrodin demonstrates protective effects against osteoporosis by partially reducing reactive oxygen species in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) and a macrophage cell line (RAW264.7 cells). We investigated gastrodin on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation under oxidative stress in hBMMSCs. We also tested gastrodin on osteoclastic differentiation in RAW264.7 cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to establish an oxidative cell injury model. Our results showed that gastrodin significantly promoted the proliferation of hBMMSCs, improved some osteogenic markers, reduced lipid generation and inhibited the mRNA expression of several adipogenic genes in hBMMSCs. Moreover, gastrodin reduced the number of osteoclasts, TRAP activity and the expression of osteoclast-specific genes in RAW264.7 cells. Gastrodin suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species in both hBMMSCs and RAW264.7 cells. In vivo, we established a murine ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporosis model. Our data revealed that gastrodin treatment reduced the activity of serum bone degradation markers, such as CTX-1 and TRAP. Importantly, it ameliorated the micro-architecture of trabecular bones. Gastrodin decreased osteoclast numbers in vivo by TRAP staining. To conclude, these results indicated that gastrodin shows protective effects against osteoporosis linking to a reduction in reactive oxygen species, suggesting that gastrodin may be useful in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Shi
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yang Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fan
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Li
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Zhu Fan
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Hu Han
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Kang Zhang
- Air Force General Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Jing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
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Li F, Song N, Tombran-Tink J, Niyibizi C. Pigment epithelium-derived factor enhances differentiation and mineral deposition of human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells 2015; 31:2714-23. [PMID: 23939834 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a potent antiangiogenic factor found in a wide variety of tissues. Recent findings indicated that lack of PEDF leads to osteogenesis imperfecta type VI whose hallmark is a defect in mineralization. We investigated the effects of PEDF on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and signaling pathways through which PEDF displays its activities in hMSCs. hMSCs incubated in a medium supplemented with PEDF induced expression of osteoblastic-related genes. In addition, PEDF induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MSCs at 14 days of incubation in maintenance medium; hMSCs incubated in osteogenic medium in presence of PEDF expressed 19% more ALP activity (35.655 ± 1.827 U/mg protein, p = .041 than cells incubated in the same medium without PEDF supplementation (29.956 ± 2.100 U/μg protein). hMSCs incubated in osteogenic medium in presence of PEDF deposited 50% more mineral (2.108 ± 0.306 OD/ml per well per 1 × 10(4) cells per square centimeter, p = .017) than MSCs incubated in absence of the protein (1.398 ± 0.098 OD/ml per well per 1 × 10(4) cells per square centimeter) as determined by Alizarin Red quantitation. Reduction in PEDF expression in MSCs by siRNA led to decreased ALP activity (33.552 ± 2.009 U/ng protein of knockdown group vs. 39.269 ± 3.533 U/ng protein of scrambled siRNA group, p = .039) and significant reduction in mineral deposition (0.654 ± 0.050 OD/ml per well per 1 × 10(4) cells per square centimeter of knockdown group vs. 1.152 ± 0.132 OD/ml per well per 1 × 10(4) cells per square centimeter of wild-type group, p = .010). Decreased ALP activity and mineral deposition were restored by supplementation with exogenous PEDF protein. PEDF activated ERK and AKT signaling pathways in MSCs to induce expression of osteoblastic-related genes. These data suggest that PEDF is involved in MSCs osteoblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Division of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Kim BS, Kang HJ, Park JY, Lee J. Fucoidan promotes osteoblast differentiation via JNK- and ERK-dependent BMP2-Smad 1/5/8 signaling in human mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e128. [PMID: 25572360 PMCID: PMC4314586 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan has attracted attention as a potential drug because of its biological activities, which include osteogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the osteogenic activity of fucoidan in human alveolar bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABM-MSCs) remain largely unknown. We investigated the action of fucoidan on osteoblast differentiation in hABM-MSCs and its impact on signaling pathways. Its effect on proliferation was determined using the crystal violet staining assay. Osteoblast differentiation was evaluated based on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the mRNA expression of multiple osteoblast markers. Calcium accumulation was determined by Alizarin red S staining. We found that fucoidan induced hABM-MSC proliferation. It also significantly increased ALP activity, calcium accumulation and the expression of osteoblast-specific genes, such as ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2, type I collagen-α 1 and osteocalcin. Moreover, fucoidan induced the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and stimulated the activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase by increasing phosphorylation. However, the effect of fucoidan on osteogenic differentiation was inhibited by specific inhibitors of ERK (PD98059) and JNK (SP600125) but not p38 (SB203580). Fucoidan enhanced BMP2 expression and Smad 1/5/8, ERK and JNK phosphorylation. Moreover, the effect of fucoidan on osteoblast differentiation was diminished by BMP2 knockdown. These results indicate that fucoidan induces osteoblast differentiation through BMP2-Smad 1/5/8 signaling by activating ERK and JNK, elucidating the molecular basis of the osteogenic effects of fucoidan in hABM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Su Kim
- 1] Wonkwang Bone Regeneration Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea [2] Research and Development Department, Bonecell Biotech Inc., Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kang
- Wonkwang Bone Regeneration Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Park
- Research and Development Department, Bonecell Biotech Inc., Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jun Lee
- 1] Wonkwang Bone Regeneration Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea [2] Research and Development Department, Bonecell Biotech Inc., Daejeon, Korea
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26
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Hu LF, Li JB, Qian AR, Wang F, Shang P. Mineralization initiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast is suppressed under simulated microgravity condition. Cell Biol Int 2014; 39:364-72. [PMID: 25318973 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Microgravity decreases the differentiation of osteoblast. However, as this process is multistage and complex, the mechanism by which microgravity inhibits osteoblast differentiation is still unclear. We have previously found that 24 h acute treatment of simulated microgravity (SM) with a random positioning machine (RPM) significantly inhibited the differentiation of preosteoblasts and have explored whether osteoblasts show different response to microgravity condition at other stages, such as the mineralizing-stage. Murine MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts induced for osteogenic differentiation for seven days were cultured either under normal gravity or SM conditions for 24 h. SM treatment significantly suppressed mineralized nodule formation. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was dramatically decreased, and the expression of ALP gene was downregulated. Expression of well-known markers and regulators for osteoblasts differentiation, including osteocalcin (OC), type I collagen α1 (Col Iα1), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), were downregulated. Western blot analysis showed that the phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) level was lower under SM condition. Thus, the initiation of osteoblast mineralization is suppressed by SM condition, and the suppression may be through the regulation of ALP activity and the osteogenic gene expression. ERK signaling might be involved in this process. These results are relevant to the decrease of osteoblast maturation and bone formation under microgravity condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-fang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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27
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Wang X, Harimoto K, Fuji R, Liu J, Li L, Wang P, Akaike T, Wang Z. Pinctada fucata mantle gene 4 (PFMG4) from pearl oyster mantle enhances osteoblast differentiation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 79:558-65. [PMID: 25485793 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.987206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The organic matrix of nacre has been reported for its effect on osteogenesis. It was found that PFMG4 (Pinctada fucata mantle gene 4) with an N-terminal signal peptide could be secreted into nacre of Pinctada fucata (P. fucata). Here, we report that PFMG4 is highly expressed in mantle tissue and has high homology with C1q protein in different species. In MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells, we found that highly expressed PFMG4 could suppress cell proliferation and type I collagen expression, but it could increase alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized deposition. These results show that PFMG4 has potential ability in enhancing osteoblast differentiation, suggesting a new idea in developing medicine for the therapy of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- a Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine , Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
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28
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Huang Q, Gao B, Wang L, Hu YQ, Lu WG, Yang L, Luo ZJ, Liu J. Protective effects of myricitrin against osteoporosis via reducing reactive oxygen species and bone-resorbing cytokines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 280:550-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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29
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Gharibi B, Ghuman MS, Hughes FJ. Akt- and Erk-mediated regulation of proliferation and differentiation during PDGFRβ-induced MSC self-renewal. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 16:2789-801. [PMID: 22805337 PMCID: PMC4118247 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that direct mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) self-renewal fate decisions is a key to most tissue regenerative approaches. The aim of this study here was to investigate the mechanisms of action of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) signalling on MSC proliferation and differentiation. MSC were cultured and stimulated with PDGF-BB together with inhibitors of second messenger pathways. Cell proliferation was assessed using ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine and phosphorylation status of signalling molecules assessed by Western Blots. To assess differentiation potentials, cells were transferred to adipogenic or osteogenic media, and differentiation assessed by expression of differentiation association genes by qRT-PCR, and by long-term culture assays. Our results showed that distinct pathways with opposing actions were activated by PDGF. PI3K/Akt signalling was the main contributor to MSC proliferation in response to activation of PDGFRβ. We also demonstrate a negative feedback mechanism between PI3K/Akt and PDGFR-β expression. In addition, PI3K/Akt downstream signal cascades, mTOR and its associated proteins p70S6K and 4E-BP1 were involved. These pathways induced the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D3 and CDK6 to promote cell cycle progression and MSC proliferation. In contrast, activation of Erk by PDGFRβ signalling potently inhibited the adipocytic differentiation of MSCs by blocking PPARγ and CEBPα expression. The data suggest that PDGFRβ-induced Akt and Erk pathways regulate opposing fate decisions of proliferation and differentiation to promote MSC self-renewal. Thus, activation of multiple intracellular cascades is required for successful and sustainable MSC self-renewal strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borzo Gharibi
- Periodontology, Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK
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30
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Jiang J, Zhang N, Shiba H, Li L, Wang Z. Spermatogenesis associated 4 promotes Sertoli cell proliferation modulated negatively by regulatory factor X1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75933. [PMID: 24146794 PMCID: PMC3795713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis associated 4 (Spata4), a testis-specific and CpG island associated gene, is involved in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. To obtain insight into the role of Spata4 in cell cycling control, we characterized the promoter region of Spata4 and investigated its transcriptional regulation mechanism. The Spata4 promoter is unidirectional transcribed and possesses multiple transcription start sites. Moreover, we present evidence that regulatory factor X1 (RFX1) could bind the typical 14-bp cis-elements of Spata4 promoter, modulate transcriptional activity and endogenous expression of Spata4, and further regulate the proliferation of Sertoli cells. Overexpression of RFX1 was shown to down-regulate both the promoter activity and mRNA expression of Spata4, whereas knockdown of RFX1 demonstrated the opposite effects. Our studies provide insight into Spata4 gene regulation and imply the potential role of RFX1 in growth of Sertoli cells. RFX1 may have negative effect on cell proliferation of Sertoli cells via modulating Spata4 expression levels by binding the conserved 14-bp cis-elements of Spata4 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hiroshi Shiba
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Liyuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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31
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Chen JJ, Zhang NF, Mao GX, He XB, Zhan YC, Deng HB, Song DQ, Li DD, Li ZR, Si SY, Qiu Q, Wang Z. Salidroside stimulates osteoblast differentiation through BMP signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:499-505. [PMID: 24055767 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Salidroside (SAL) is one of main active components of Rhodiola rosea L. and possesses diverse pharmacological effects. However, the direct role of SAL in bone metabolism remains elusive. In this study, effects of SAL on osteoblast differentiation of murine pluripotent mesenchymal cell line C3H10T1/2 and osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 were examined. We first identified SAL as a potential BMP2 activator in a cell-based screening assay. SAL (0.5-10 μM) could slightly promote the proliferation and greatly increase the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in both cells. Furthermore, SAL increased the mRNA expressions of osteoblast marker genes in either C3H10T1/2 or MC3T3-E1 cells after treatment for different time. Moreover, the mineralization of C3H10T1/2 cells assayed by Alizarin red S staining was dose-dependently increased by SAL. Mechanistically, SAL increased the mRNA level of genes involved in the regulation of BMP signaling pathway, including BMP2, BMP6 and BMP7 and enhanced the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 and ERK1/2. The osteogenic effect of SAL was abolished by BMP antagonist noggin or by BMP receptor kinase inhibitor dorsomorphin. Further in vivo study demonstrated that SAL reversed bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Collectively, our findings indicate that SAL regulates bone metabolism through BMP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jing Chen
- The Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
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32
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Sinha KM, Zhou X. Genetic and molecular control of osterix in skeletal formation. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:975-84. [PMID: 23225263 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation is a multi-step process where mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblast lineage cells including osteocytes. Osterix (Osx) is an osteoblast-specific transcription factor which activates a repertoire of genes during differentiation of preosteoblasts into mature osteoblasts and osteocytes. The essential role of Osx in the genetic program of bone formation and in bone homeostasis is well established. Osx mutant embryos do not form bone and fail to express osteoblast-specific marker genes. Inactivation of Osx in mice after birth causes multiple skeletal phenotypes including lack of new bone formation, absence of resorption of mineralized cartilage, and defects in osteocyte maturation and function. Since Osx is a major effector in skeletal formation, studies on Osx gained momentum over the last 5-7 years and implicated its important function in tooth formation as well as in healing of bone fractures. This review outlines mouse genetic studies that establish the essential role of Osx in bone and tooth formation as well as in healing of bone fractures. We also discuss the recent advances in regulation of Osx expression, which is under control of a transcriptional network, signaling pathways, and epigenetic regulation. Finally, we summarize important findings on the positive and negative regulation of Osx's transcriptional activity through protein-protein interactions in expression of its target genes during osteoblast differentiation. In particular, the identification of the histone demethylase NO66 as an Osx-interacting protein, which negatively regulates Osx activity opens further avenues in studying epigenetic control of Osx target genes during differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna M Sinha
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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33
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Zouani OF, Chanseau C, Brouillaud B, Bareille R, Deliane F, Foulc MP, Mehdi A, Durrieu MC. Altered nanofeature size dictates stem cell differentiation. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:1217-24. [PMID: 22302989 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.093229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of stem cells can be modulated by physical factors such as the micro- and nano-topography of the extracellular matrix. One important goal in stem cell research is to understand the concept that directs differentiation into a specific cell lineage in the nanoscale environment. Here, we demonstrate that such paths exist by controlling only the micro- and nano-topography of polymer surfaces. Altering the depth (on a nanometric scale) of micro-patterned surface structures allowed increased adhesion of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with specific differentiation into osteoblasts, in the absence of osteogenic medium. Small (10 nm) depth patterns promoted cell adhesion without noticeable differentiation, whereas larger depth patterns (100 nm) elicited a collective cell organization, which induced selective differentiation into osteoblast-like cells. This latter response was dictated by stress through focal-adhesion-induced reorganization of F-actin filaments. The results have significant implications for understanding the architectural effects of the in vivo microenvironment and also for the therapeutic use of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Zouani
- INSERM, U1026, BioIngénierie Tissulaire, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
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34
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Duarte DT, Hul S, Sacher M. A yeast two hybrid screen identifies SPATA4 as a TRAPP interactor. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:2676-81. [PMID: 21827752 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The TRAPP vesicle-tethering complex consists of more than 10 distinct polypeptides and is involved in protein transport. Using the C2 subunit as bait we identified SPATA4, a spermatocyte-specific protein of unknown function, as an interacting partner in a yeast two hybrid screen. Further studies indicate SPATA4 interacts with the C2 portion of the TRAPP complex. SPATA4 fractionates with both cytosolic and nuclear fractions suggesting it may have several distinct functions. SPATA4 is one of only three human proteins that contain a DUF1042 domain and we show that C2 does not interact with another one of the DUF1042 domain-containing proteins. Our results suggest a role for SPATA4 in membrane traffic and a specialized function for TRAPP in spermatocytes.
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Galea GL, Sunters A, Meakin LB, Zaman G, Sugiyama T, Lanyon LE, Price JS. Sost down-regulation by mechanical strain in human osteoblastic cells involves PGE2 signaling via EP4. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:2450-4. [PMID: 21723865 PMCID: PMC3149668 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sclerostin is a potent inhibitor of bone formation which is down-regulated by mechanical loading. To investigate the mechanisms involved we subjected Saos2 human osteoblastic cells to short periods of dynamic strain and used quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to compare their responses to unstrained controls. Strain-induced Sost down-regulation was recapitulated by cyclo-oxygenase-2-mediated PGE2, acting through the EP4 receptor, whereas strain-related up-regulation of osteocalcin was mediated by the EP2 receptor. Strain-related Sost regulation required extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, whereas osteocalcin required protein kinase C. These findings indicate early divergence in the signaling pathways stimulated by strain and establish PGE2/EP4 as the pathway used by strain to regulate Sost expression.
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Key Words
- pth, parathyroid hormone
- bmp, bone morphogenetic protein
- cox, cyclo-oxygenase
- pg, prostaglandin
- tcs, tcs2510
- qrt-pcr, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
- pka, protein kinase a
- pkc, protein kinase c
- erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- mapk, mitogen activated protein kinase
- sclerostin
- pge2 signaling
- mechanical strain
- osteoporosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel L Galea
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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36
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Lee SC, Fang L, Wang CH, Kahai S, Deng Z, Yang BB. A non-coding transcript of nephronectin promotes osteoblast differentiation by modulating microRNA functions. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:2610-6. [PMID: 21784074 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the roles of the non-coding transcripts and found that expression of a fragment containing the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of nephronectin in osteoblast progenitor cells MC3T3-E1 promoted cell differentiation dramatically. We hypothesized that the ectopically expressed 3'-UTR binds microRNAs and modulates their functions. β-Catenin and GSK3β were up-regulated in the 3'-UTR-transfected cells, contributing to the increased cell differentiation, through reduction of EGFR and ERK phosphorylation. Activator of GSK3β promoted differentiation, while inhibitor of GSK3β blocked differentiation. Our results indicate that the non-coding transcripts are important in regulating cell activities and may have potential application for modulating endogenous microRNA functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chen Lee
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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