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Rossi M, Terreri S, Battafarano G, Rana I, Buonuomo PS, Di Giuseppe L, D'Agostini M, Porzio O, Di Gregorio J, Cipriani C, Jenkner A, Gonfiantini MV, Bartuli A, Del Fattore A. Analysis of circulating osteoclast and osteogenic precursors in patients with Gorham-Stout disease. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02365-8. [PMID: 38556572 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02365-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gorham-Stout disease is a very rare disorder characterized by progressive bone erosion and angiomatous proliferation; its etiopathogenesis is still unknown, and diagnosis is still performed by exclusion criteria. The alteration of bone remodeling activity has been reported in patients; in this study, we characterized circulating osteoclast and osteogenic precursors that could be important to better understand the osteolysis observed in patients. METHODS Flow cytometry analysis of PBMC (Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells) was performed to characterize circulating osteoclast and osteogenic precursors in GSD patients (n = 9) compared to healthy donors (n = 55). Moreover, ELISA assays were assessed to evaluate serum levels of bone markers including RANK-L (Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand), OPG (Osteoprotegerin), BALP (Bone Alkaline Phosphatase) and OCN (Osteocalcin). RESULTS We found an increase of CD16-/CD14+CD11b+ and CD115+/CD14+CD11b+ osteoclast precursors in GSD patients, with high levels of serum RANK-L that could reflect the increase of bone resorption activity observed in patients. Moreover, no significant alterations were found regarding osteogenic precursors and serum levels of BALP and OCN. CONCLUSION The analysis of circulating bone cell precursors, as well as of RANK-L, could be relevant as an additional diagnostic tool for these patients and could be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rossi
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - S Terreri
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - G Battafarano
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - I Rana
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - P S Buonuomo
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - L Di Giuseppe
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M D'Agostini
- Clinical Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - O Porzio
- Clinical Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - J Di Gregorio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Cristiana Cipriani
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - A Jenkner
- Pediatric Palliative Care Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M V Gonfiantini
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bartuli
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Del Fattore
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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2
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Ahmadi M, Ritter CA, von Woedtke T, Bekeschus S, Wende K. Package delivered: folate receptor-mediated transporters in cancer therapy and diagnosis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1966-2006. [PMID: 38332833 PMCID: PMC10848714 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05539f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Neoplasias pose a significant threat to aging society, underscoring the urgent need to overcome the limitations of traditional chemotherapy through pioneering strategies. Targeted drug delivery is an evolving frontier in cancer therapy, aiming to enhance treatment efficacy while mitigating undesirable side effects. One promising avenue utilizes cell membrane receptors like the folate receptor to guide drug transporters precisely to malignant cells. Based on the cellular folate receptor as a cancer cell hallmark, targeted nanocarriers and small molecule-drug conjugates have been developed that comprise different (bio) chemistries and/or mechanical properties with individual advantages and challenges. Such modern folic acid-conjugated stimuli-responsive drug transporters provide systemic drug delivery and controlled release, enabling reduced dosages, circumvention of drug resistance, and diminished adverse effects. Since the drug transporters' structure-based de novo design is increasingly relevant for precision cancer remediation and diagnosis, this review seeks to collect and debate the recent approaches to deliver therapeutics or diagnostics based on folic acid conjugated Trojan Horses and to facilitate the understanding of the relevant chemistry and biochemical pathways. Focusing exemplarily on brain and breast cancer, recent advances spanning 2017 to 2023 in conjugated nanocarriers and small molecule drug conjugates were considered, evaluating the chemical and biological aspects in order to improve accessibility to the field and to bridge chemical and biomedical points of view ultimately guiding future research in FR-targeted cancer therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ahmadi
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Center for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Plasmatis Felix Hausdorff-Str. 2 17489 Greifswald Germany
| | - Christoph A Ritter
- Institute of Pharmacy, Section Clinical Pharmacy, University of Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - Thomas von Woedtke
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Center for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Plasmatis Felix Hausdorff-Str. 2 17489 Greifswald Germany
- Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Greifswald University Medical Center Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße 17475 Greifswald Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Center for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Plasmatis Felix Hausdorff-Str. 2 17489 Greifswald Germany
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venereology, Rostock University Medical Center Strempelstr. 13 18057 Rostock Germany
| | - Kristian Wende
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Center for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Plasmatis Felix Hausdorff-Str. 2 17489 Greifswald Germany
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Koo S, Lee EJ, Xiong H, Yun DH, McDonald MM, Park SI, Kim JS. Real-Time Live Imaging of Osteoclast Activation via Cathepsin K Activity in Bone Diseases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318459. [PMID: 38105412 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Intravital fluorescence imaging of functional osteoclasts within their intact disease context provides valuable insights into the intricate biology at the microscopic level, facilitating the development of therapeutic approaches for osteoclast-associated bone diseases. However, there is a lack of studies investigating osteoclast activity within deep-seated bone lesions using appropriate fluorescent probes, despite the advantages offered by the multi-photon excitation system in enhancing deep tissue imaging resolution. In this study, we report on the intravital tracking of osteoclast activity in three distinct murine bone disease models. We utilized a cathepsin K (CatK)-responsive two-photon fluorogenic probe (CatKP1), which exhibited a notable fluorescence turn-on response in the presence of active CatK. By utilizing CatKP1, we successfully monitored a significant increase in osteoclast activity in hindlimb long bones and its attenuation through pharmacological intervention without sacrificing mice. Thus, our findings highlight the efficacy of CatKP1 as a valuable tool for unraveling pathological osteoclast behavior and exploring novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, Hyupsung University, Hwaseong, 18330, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Hao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Da Hyeon Yun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Michelle M McDonald
- Skeletal Diseases Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Medicine Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Serk In Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- TheranoChem Incorporation, Seoul, 02856, Korea
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Wang S, Wu W, Lin X, Zhang KM, Wu Q, Luo M, Zhou J. Predictive and prognostic biomarkers of bone metastasis in breast cancer: current status and future directions. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:224. [PMID: 38041134 PMCID: PMC10693103 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common site of metastasis in breast cancer is the bone, where the balance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation is disrupted. This imbalance causes osteolytic bone metastasis in breast cancer, which leads to bone pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, and other skeletal-related events (SREs). These complications reduce patients' quality of life significantly and have a profound impact on prognosis. In this review, we begin by providing a brief overview of the epidemiology of bone metastasis in breast cancer, including current diagnostic tools, treatment approaches, and existing challenges. Then, we will introduce the pathophysiology of breast cancer bone metastasis (BCBM) and the animal models involved in the study of BCBM. We then come to the focus of this paper: a discussion of several biomarkers that have the potential to provide predictive and prognostic value in the context of BCBM-some of which may be particularly compatible with more comprehensive liquid biopsies. Beyond that, we briefly explore the potential of new technologies such as single-cell sequencing and organoid models, which will improve our understanding of tumor heterogeneity and aid in the development of improved biomarkers. The emerging biomarkers discussed hold promise for future clinical application, aiding in the prevention of BCBM, improving the prognosis of patients, and guiding the implementation of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenkangle Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xixi Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - QingLiang Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Mingpeng Luo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Strzelczyk J, Wójcik-Giertuga M, Strzelczyk JK, Seńkowska AP, Biernacki K, Kos-Kudła B. Selected Parameters of Bone Turnover in Neuroendocrine Tumors-A Potential Clinical Use? J Clin Med 2023; 12:4608. [PMID: 37510722 PMCID: PMC10380215 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there are no effective markers to diagnose and monitor patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The aim of this study was to assess bone metabolism based on selected markers of bone turnover: OST, OPG, and IGFBP-3, in both the group of patients with NETs and the control group. Associations with selected sociodemographic, biochemical, and clinicopathological characteristics were examined. We also evaluated any potential associations between these markers and selected biochemical markers of NETs commonly used in clinical practice. METHODS The study group included 60 patients with GEP-NETs and BP-NETs, while the control group comprised 62 healthy individuals. The serum concentrations of OST, OPG and IGFBP-3 were assessed using ELISA. RESULTS OST and OPG levels were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. In the study group, we observed a significant correlation between OPG and the clinical stage and chromogranin A. Additionally, an association was found between OPG and histological grade, Ki-67, and metastasis in GEP-NET cases. CONCLUSIONS Markers of bone turnover cannot be used in the routine diagnostics of neuroendocrine tumors. Nonetheless, these markers may help evaluate the skeletal system in patients with NETs. Further research is needed to determine the utility of osteocalcin (OST) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) as potential biomarkers for neuroendocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Strzelczyk
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-514 Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Wójcik-Giertuga
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-514 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Alicja Prawdzic Seńkowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Biernacki
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Beata Kos-Kudła
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-514 Katowice, Poland
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Tian Y, Zhao L, Gui Z, Liu S, Liu C, Yu T, Zhang L. Clinical and pathological features analysis of invasive breast cancer with microcalcification. Cancer Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Song MK, Park SI, Cho SW. Circulating biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in bone metastasis. J Bone Miner Metab 2023; 41:337-344. [PMID: 36729305 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a frequent site of metastasis for multiple types of solid tumors in organs such as prostate, breast, lung, etc., accounting for significant morbidities and mortalities of afflicted patients. One of the major problems of bone metastasis is lack of biomarkers for early diagnosis and for monitoring therapeutic responses. Medical imaging modalities such as computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radioactive isotope-based bone scans are currently standard clinical practices, yet these imaging techniques are limited to detect early lesions or to accurately monitor the metastatic disease progression during standard and/or experimental therapies. Accordingly, development of novel blood biomarkers rationalizes extensive basic research and clinical development. This review article covers the up-to-date information on protein- and cell-based biomarkers of bone metastasis that are currently used in the clinical practices and also are under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyoung Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Serk In Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
- Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Shen Y, Chen L, Zhou J, Wang C, Gao F, Zhu W, Hu G, Ma X, Xia H, Bao Y. Low total osteocalcin levels are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes: a real-world study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:98. [PMID: 35681236 PMCID: PMC9185881 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between osteocalcin and mortality has been scantly studied. We aimed to investigate the association between osteocalcin along with its trajectories and mortality based on long-term longitudinal data. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 9413 type 2 diabetic patients with at least three measurements of total serum osteocalcin within 3 years since their first inpatient diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Baseline, mean values of osteocalcin levels and their trajectories were used as exposures. A multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the association of osteocalcin levels and their trajectories with mortality. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 5.37 years, 1638 patients died, of whom 588 were due to cardiovascular events. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) across quintiles of baseline osteocalcin levels were 2.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.42-3.42), 1.65 (95% CI 1.37-1.99), 1.17 (95% CI 0.96-1.42), 1.00, and 1.92 (95% CI 1.60-2.30) for all-cause mortality, and 3.52 (95% CI 2.63-4.71), 2.00 (95% CI 1.46-2.73), 1.03 (95% CI 0.72-1.47), 1.00, 1.67 (95% CI 1.21-2.31) for CVD mortality, respectively. When we used the mean values of osteocalcin as the exposure, U-shaped associations were also found. These U-shaped associations were consistent among patients of different baseline characteristics. Patients with a stable or even increasing trajectory of osteocalcin may have a lower risk of both all-cause and CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS A U-shape association between baseline osteocalcin and mortality was observed among patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients with lower levels of serum osteocalcin during follow-ups had higher risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Vital Statistics, Institute of Health Information, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Division of Vital Statistics, Institute of Health Information, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Han Xia
- Division of Vital Statistics, Institute of Health Information, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200336, China.
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Xu J, Ma L, Wang D, Yang J. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin promotes proliferation and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells through TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:18. [PMID: 35413833 PMCID: PMC9003967 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most severe type of breast cancer owing to its high heterogeneity, aggressiveness and lack of treatment. Studies have reported that uncarboxylated osteocalcin (GluOC) promotes the development of prostate and other cancers. Studies have also found elevated levels of serum osteocalcin in breast cancer patients with bone metastasis, and serum osteocalcin can be a marker of bone metastasis. However, whether GluOC promotes the development of TNBC and the related mechanisms need to be further clarified. RESULTS Our results revealed that GluOC is associated with the proliferation and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. GluOC increased the viability and proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, GluOC enhanced the metastatic ability of MDA-MB-231 cells by promoting the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also found that GluOC upregulated the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) genes in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, the promoting effect of GluOC was reversed in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with specific inhibitor of SMAD3 (SIS3), a SMAD3 phosphorylation inhibitor. CONCLUSION Our research proved for the first time that GluOC facilitates the proliferation and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells by accelerating the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD3 signaling pathway. Moreover, GluOC also promotes the gene expression of IL-8 and PTHrP. Both IL-8 and PTHrP can act as osteolytic factors in breast cancer cells. This study indicates that GluOC may be a useful target for preventing TNBC bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Xu
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyao Ma
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Danqing Wang
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Feehan J, Nurgali K, Apostolopoulos V, Duque G. Development and validation of a new method to isolate, expand, and differentiate circulating osteogenic precursor (COP) cells. Bone Rep 2021; 15:101109. [PMID: 34368409 PMCID: PMC8326352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating osteogenic precursor (COP) cells are a population of progenitor cells in the peripheral blood with the capacity to form bone in vitro and in vivo. They have characteristics of the mesenchymal stem and progenitor pool found in the bone marrow; however, more recently, a population of COP cells has been identified with markers of the hematopoietic lineage such as CD45 and CD34. While this population has been associated with several bone pathologies, a lack of cell culture models and inconsistent characterization has limited mechanistic research into their behavior and physiology. In this study, we describe a method for the isolation of CD45+/CD34+/alkaline phosphatase (ALP) + COP cells via fluorescence-activated cell sorting, as well as their expansion and differentiation in culture. Hematopoietic COP cells are a discreet population within the monocyte fraction of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which form proliferative, fibroblastoid colonies in culture. Their expression of hematopoietic markers decreases with time in culture, but they express markers of osteogenesis and deposit calcium with differentiation. It is hoped that this will provide a standard for their isolation, for consistency in future research efforts, to allow for the translation of COP cells into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Feehan
- Department of Medicine – Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne, Western Health and Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Department of Medicine – Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne, Western Health and Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne, Western Health and Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine – Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne, Western Health and Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Corresponding author at: Level 3, Western Centre for Health Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Furlong Road, St Albans, 3021 Melbourne, Australia.
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N-cadherin in osteolineage cells modulates stromal support of tumor growth. J Bone Oncol 2021; 28:100356. [PMID: 33912383 PMCID: PMC8065282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
N-cadherin in osteolineage, Osterix+ cells restrains extraskeletal tumor growth. Osterix+ cells are present in the stromal microenvironment of extraskeletal tumors. Osterix+ cells are present in normal tissues frequent sites of metastasis. N-cadherin modulates pro-tumorigenic signaling in tumor associated Osterix+ cells.
Tumor growth and metastases are dependent on interactions between cancer cells and the local environment. Expression of the cell–cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin (Ncad) is associated with highly aggressive cancers, and its expression by osteogenic cells has been proposed to provide a molecular “dock” for disseminated tumor cells to establish in pre-metastatic niches within the bone. To test this biologic model, we conditionally deleted the Ncad gene (Cdh2) in osteolineage cells using Osx-cre (cKO). Contrary to expectations, the metastatic breast cancer cell line PyMT-BO1 was able to form tumors in bone and to induce osteolysis in cKO as well as in control mice. Despite absence of Ncad, bone marrow stromal cells isolated from cKO mice were able to engage in direct cell–cell interactions with tumor cells expressing either N- or E-cadherin. However, subcutaneous PyMT-BO1 and B16F10 tumors grew larger in cKO relative to control littermates. Cell tracking experiments using the Ai9 reporter revealed the presence of Osx+ and Ncad+ cells in the stroma of extra-skeletal tumors and in a small population of lung cells. Gene expression analysis by RNAseq of Osx+ cells isolated from extra-skeletal tumors revealed alterations of pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways in cKO cells relative to control Osx+ cells. Thus, Ncad in Osx+ cells is not necessary for the establishment of bone metastases, but in extra-skeletal tumors it regulates pro-tumorigenic support by the microenvironment.
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Johnson RW. The Search For a Bone Metastasis Biomarker May Have a New Find: Circulating Osteocalcin-Positive Cells. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1836-1837. [PMID: 32761966 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle W Johnson
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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