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Brooks JK, Parsa A, Craig JS, Bell S, Song J, Varlotta SL, Price JB. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH): Detection on dental radiologic examinations in two older adults and overview of the literature. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38693642 DOI: 10.1111/scd.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a potentially serious osteopathic disorder associated with coalescing ossifications of the anterior vertebrae and may be concomitant with a constellation of symptomatology and systemic comorbidities. There is limited dental literature describing this finding on panoramic radiographs and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. CASE PRESENTATIONS Two case reports of DISH are provided. One patient manifested extensive ossifications along the cervical vertebrae and consequent episodes of dysphagia and hoarseness. The other affected patient's cervical ossification was found at an earlier stage of formation and without symptomatology. Panoramic radiography, cervical spine radiography, and CBCT examinations have been provided. CONCLUSION Attending dental healthcare practitioners should carefully evaluate all areas of interest and surrounding fields of view when taking panoramic radiographs and CBCT scans for manifestations of DISH and other potential disorders of the cervical vertebrae. A suspected radiologic finding of DISH should prompt timely referral for comprehensive medical assessment to mitigate neurologic deficits and other comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Brooks
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Azin Parsa
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica S Craig
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shereese Bell
- Predoctoral candidate, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia Song
- Predoctoral candidate, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sharon L Varlotta
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffery B Price
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Director of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Lu P, Dai G, Shi L, Li Y, Zhang M, Wang H, Rui Y. HMGB1 Modulates High Glucose-Induced Erroneous Differentiation of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells through RAGE/ β-Catenin Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2024; 2024:2335270. [PMID: 38633380 PMCID: PMC11022503 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2335270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The association of tendinopathy with diabetes has been well recognized. Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) play critical roles in tendon repair, regeneration, and homeostasis maintenance. Diabetic TSPCs exhibit enhanced erroneous differentiation and are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic tendinopathy, whereas the underlying mechanism of the erroneous differentiation of TSPCs remains unclear. Here, we showed that high glucose treatment promoted the erroneous differentiation of TSPCs with increased osteogenic differentiation capacity and decreased tenogenic differentiation ability, and stimulated the expression and further secretion of HMGB1 in TSPCs and. Functionally, exogenous HMGB1 significantly enhanced the erroneous differentiation of TSPCs, while HMGB1 knockdown mitigated high glucose-promoted erroneous differentiation of TSPCs. Mechanistically, the RAGE/β-catenin signaling was activated in TSPCs under high glucose, and HMGB1 knockdown inhibited the activity of RAGE/β-catenin signaling. Inhibition of RAGE/β-catenin signaling could ameliorate high glucose-induced erroneous differentiation of TSPCs. These results indicated that HMGB1 regulated high glucose-induced erroneous differentiation of TSPCs through the RAGE/β-catenin signaling pathway. Collectively, our findings suggest a novel essential mechanism of the erroneous differentiation of TSPCs, which might contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic tendinopathy and provide a promising therapeutic target and approach for diabetic tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangchun Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingjuan Li
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfeng Rui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, No 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Chen H, Zhu X, Zhou Q, Pu X, Wang B, Lin H, Zhu Z, Qiu Y, Sun X. Utility of MRI-based vertebral bone quality scores and CT-based Hounsfield unit values in vertebral bone mineral density assessment for patients with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:705-715. [PMID: 38148381 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated bone mineral density assessment for patients with DISH. DXA-based T-scores overestimated bone quality, while MRI-based VBQ scores and CT-based HU values provided accurate assessments, particularly for advanced degenerative cases. This enhances accurate evaluation of BMD, crucial for clinical decision-making. PURPOSE To investigate the diagnostic effectiveness of DXA, MRI, and CT in assessing bone mineral density (BMD) for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) patients. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 105 DISH patients and 116 age-matched controls with lumbar spinal stenosis was conducted. BMD was evaluated using DXA-based T-scores, MRI-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) scores, and CT-based Hounsfield unit (HU) values. Patients were categorized into three BMD subgroups. Lumbar osteophyte categories were determined by Mata score. Demographics, clinical data, T-scores, VBQ scores, and HU values were collected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified VBQ and HU thresholds for diagnosing normal BMD using DXA in controls. Correlations between VBQ, HU, and lumbar T-score were analyzed. RESULTS Age, gender, and BMI showed no significant differences between DISH and control groups. DISH patients had higher T-score (L1-4), the lowest T-score, and Mata scores. VBQ and HU did not significantly differ between groups. In controls, VBQ and HU effectively diagnosed normal BMD (AUC = 0.857 and 0.910, respectively) with cutoffs of 3.0 for VBQ and 104.3 for HU. DISH had higher normal BMD prevalence using T-scores (69.5% vs. 58.6%, P < 0.05), but no significant differences using VBQ (57.1% vs. 56.2%, P > 0.05) and HU (58.1% vs. 57.8%, P > 0.05). Correlations revealed moderate correlations between HU and T-scores (L1-4) in DISH (r = 0.642, P < 0.001) and strong in controls (r = 0.846, P < 0.001). Moderate negative correlations were observed between VBQ and T-scores (L1-4) in DISH (r = - 0.450, P < 0.001) and strong in controls (r = - 0.813, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION DXA-based T-scores may overestimate BMD in DISH. VBQ scores and HU values could effectively complement BMD assessment, particularly in DISH patients or those with advanced lumbar degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiufen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingshuang Zhou
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojiang Pu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zezhang Zhu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Sun
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Al-Jipouri A, Eritja À, Bozic M. Unraveling the Multifaceted Roles of Extracellular Vesicles: Insights into Biology, Pharmacology, and Pharmaceutical Applications for Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:485. [PMID: 38203656 PMCID: PMC10779093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released from various cell types that have emerged as powerful new therapeutic option for a variety of diseases. EVs are involved in the transmission of biological signals between cells and in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, highlighting them as potential novel targets/platforms for therapeutics intervention and/or delivery. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate new aspects of EVs' biogenesis, biodistribution, metabolism, and excretion as well as safety/compatibility of both unmodified and engineered EVs upon administration in different pharmaceutical dosage forms and delivery systems. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of essential physiological and pathological roles of EVs in different organs and organ systems. We provide an overview regarding application of EVs as therapeutic targets, therapeutics, and drug delivery platforms. We also explore various approaches implemented over the years to improve the dosage of specific EV products for different administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Jipouri
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Àuria Eritja
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Milica Bozic
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany;
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLLEIDA), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
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Choi MJ, You TM, Jang YJ. Galectin-3 Plays an Important Role in BMP7-Induced Cementoblastic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells by Interacting with Extracellular Components. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:5924286. [PMID: 37396953 PMCID: PMC10313471 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5924286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) contain multipotent postnatal stem cells that differentiate into PDL progenitors, osteoblasts, and cementoblasts. Previously, we obtained cementoblast-like cells from hPDLSCs using bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) treatment. Differentiation into appropriate progenitor cells requires interactions and changes between stem or progenitor cells and their so-called environment niches, and cell surface markers play an important role. However, cementoblast-specific cell surface markers have not yet been fully studied. Through decoy immunization with intact cementoblasts, we developed a series of monoclonal antibodies against cementoblast-specific membrane/extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. One of these antibodies, the anti-CM3 antibody, recognized an approximate 30 kDa protein in a mouse cementoblast cell line, and the CM3 antigenic molecule accumulated in the cementum region of human tooth roots. Using mass spectrometric analysis, we found that the antigenic molecules recognized by the anti-CM3 antibody were galectin-3. As cementoblastic differentiation progressed, the expression of galectin-3 increased, and it localized at the cell surface. Inhibition of galectin-3 via siRNA and a specific inhibitor showed the complete blockage of cementoblastic differentiation and mineralization. In contrast, ectopic expression of galectin-3 induced cementoblastic differentiation. Galectin-3 interacted with laminin α2 and BMP7, and these interactions were diminished by galectin-3 inhibitors. These results suggested that galectin-3 participates in binding to the ECM component and trapping BMP7 to induce, in a sustained fashion, the upregulation of cementoblastic differentiation. Finally, galectin-3 could be a potential cementoblast-specific cell surface marker, with functional importance in cell-to-ECM interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Choi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Min You
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Jang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Mao L, Wang L, Xu J, Zou J. The role of integrin family in bone metabolism and tumor bone metastasis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:119. [PMID: 37037822 PMCID: PMC10086008 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins have been the research focus of cell-extracellular matrix adhesion (ECM) and cytokine receptor signal transduction. They are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism of bone precursor cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoblasts (OBs), osteoclasts (OCs), and osteocytes. Recent studies expanded and updated the role of integrin in bone metabolism, and a large number of novel cytokines were found to activate bone metabolism pathways through interaction with integrin receptors. Integrins act as transducers that mediate the regulation of bone-related cells by mechanical stress, fluid shear stress (FSS), microgravity, hypergravity, extracellular pressure, and a variety of physical factors. Integrins mediate bone metastasis of breast, prostate, and lung cancer by promoting cancer cell adhesion, migration, and survival. Integrin-mediated targeted therapy showed promising prospects in bone metabolic diseases. This review emphasizes the latest research results of integrins in bone metabolism and bone metastasis and provides a vision for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Mao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, 6009, Perth, Australia
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 200438, Shanghai, China.
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