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Nakamura M, Ueda K, Yamamoto Y, Aoki K, Zhang M, Saito N, Yudasaka M. Bisphosphonate type-dependent cell viability suppressive effects of carbon nanohorn-calcium phosphate-bisphosphonate nanocomposites. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6037-6048. [PMID: 36073144 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00822j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the process of bone metastasis, tumor cells spread to the bones to activate osteoclasts, which cause pathological bone resorption and destruction. Bisphosphonates (BPs) inhibit osteoclast activation to resorb bone, reducing bone pain and fracture. We previously developed a nanocomposite for potential localized treatment of bone metastasis by loading a BP compound, ibandronate, onto oxidized carbon nanohorns (OxCNHs), a next-generation drug carrier, using calcium phosphates (CaPs) as mediators to generate OxCNH-CaP-BP nanocomposites. The objective of the present study was to determine nanocomposite formation and biological properties of nanocomposites constructed from two BPs, zoledronate and pamidronate. In vitro tests using murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and osteoclasts differentiated from RAW264.7 cells revealed that the resulting OxCNH-CaP-BP nanocomposites suppressed cell viability in a BP type-dependent manner and more effectively than OxCNHs or BPs alone. The mechanism for the potent and BP type-dependent suppression of cell viability by OxCNH-CaP-BP nanocomposites, based on their relative cellular uptake and reactive oxygen species generation, is also discussed. The present study supports the conclusions that BPs can be loaded onto OxCNHs using CaPs as mediators, and that OxCNH-CaP-BP nanocomposites are putative medicines for localized treatment of metastatic bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Nakamura
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Ueda
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamamoto
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Aoki
- Physical Therapy Division, School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Minfang Zhang
- Nano Carbon Device Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Naoto Saito
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Masako Yudasaka
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan. .,Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan.
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Bjelić D, Finšgar M. Bioactive coatings with anti-osteoclast therapeutic agents for bone implants: Enhanced compliance and prolonged implant life. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106060. [PMID: 34998972 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of therapeutic agents that inhibit bone resorption is crucial to prolong implant life, delay revision surgery, and reduce the burden on the healthcare system. These therapeutic agents include bisphosphonates, various nucleic acids, statins, proteins, and protein complexes. Their use in systemic treatment has several drawbacks, such as side effects and insufficient efficacy in terms of concentration, which can be eliminated by local treatment. This review focuses on the incorporation of osteoclast inhibitors (antiresorptive agents) into bioactive coatings for bone implants. The ability of bioactive coatings as systems for local delivery of antiresorptive agents to achieve optimal loading of the bioactive coating and its release is described in detail. Various parameters such as the suitable concentrations, release times, and the effects of the antiresorptive agents on nearby cells or bone tissue are discussed. However, further research is needed to support the optimization of the implant, as this will enable subsequent personalized design of the coating in terms of the design and selection of the coating material, the choice of an antiresorptive agent and its amount in the coating. In addition, therapeutic agents that have not yet been incorporated into bioactive coatings but appear promising are also mentioned. From this work, it can be concluded that therapeutic agents contribute to the biocompatibility of the bioactive coating by enhancing its beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Bjelić
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Matjaž Finšgar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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Varenna M, Braga V, Gatti D, Iolascon G, Frediani B, Zucchi F, Crotti C, Nannipieri F, Rossini M. Intramuscular neridronate for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type 1: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021; 13:1759720X211014020. [PMID: 34178124 PMCID: PMC8202309 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x211014020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Complex regional pain syndrome type-1 (CRPS-1) is a severely disabling painful disease challenging to treat. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial examined the efficacy of intramuscular (i.m.) neridronate in CRPS-1 patients. Methods: A total of 78 patients diagnosed with CRPS-1 (aged 59.5 ± 10.3, 66.7% female) were randomly assigned to 25 mg (i.m.) neridronate (N = 41) given once daily for 16 consecutive days or placebo control (N = 37). Efficacy was assessed after 30 days using a visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score and the number of patients achieving ⩾50% reduction in VAS score. Change in clinical signs and symptoms, quality of life (QoL) using Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire were also assessed. Results: After 30 days, VAS score decreased significantly to a greater extent in neridronate-treated patients versus placebo (31.9 ± 23.3 mm versus 52.3 ± 27.8 mm, p = 0.0003). Furthermore, the proportion of patients achieving a VAS reduction of ⩾50% was greater in the neridronate group (65.9% versus 29.7%, p = 0.0017). Clinical signs and symptoms were improved significantly in the neridronate group versus placebo for edema (72.5% versus 79.9%, p = 0.03), pain during motion (70% versus 83.3%, p = 0.0009), allodynia (20% versus 63.3%, p = 0.0004), and hyperalgesia (20% versus 56.7%, p = 0.0023). Whereas no difference was observed for QoL measures using the SF-36 questionnaire, three of the four pain variables using the McGill Pain Questionnaire improved significantly in the neridronate group. No serious drug-related adverse events were reported during the study. Conclusion: In patients with acute CRPS-1, i.m. injections of 25 mg neridronate were associated with clinically relevant benefit compared with placebo controls. Trial registration: EU Clinical Trials Register: https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2014-001156-28
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Varenna
- Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Gaetano Pini Institute, Via Pini, 9, Milan 20122, Italy
| | | | - Davide Gatti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Frediani
- Unit of Rheumatology, University of Siena, Siena, Toscana, Italy
| | - Francesca Zucchi
- Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Gaetano Pini Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Crotti
- Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Gaetano Pini Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Rossini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Veneto, Italy
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Nakamura M, Ueda K, Yamamoto Y, Aoki K, Zhang M, Saito N, Yudasaka M. Ibandronate-Loaded Carbon Nanohorns Fabricated Using Calcium Phosphates as Mediators and Their Effects on Macrophages and Osteoclasts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:3701-3712. [PMID: 33406818 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanohorns (CNHs), a type of nanocarbon, have been studied for the application of drug delivery systems (DDSs) because they are easily functionalized, support bone regeneration, can be used to perform photohyperthermia, have low toxicity, and are easily phagocytosed by macrophages. To take advantage of these features of CNHs, we developed a DDS for the local treatment of bone metastasis by loading the antibone resorption drug ibandronate (IBN) onto CNHs. The poor adsorption of IBN onto CNHs due to the weak hydrophilic-hydrophobic interaction was overcome by using calcium phosphates (CaPs) as mediators. In the fabrication process, we used oxidized CNH (OxCNH), which is less hydrophobic, onto which IBN was coprecipitated with CaP from a labile supersaturated CaP solution. OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles exerted stronger cell-suppressive effects than OxCNH and IBN in both murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and osteoclasts (differentiated from RAW264.7 cells). OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles were efficiently phagocytosed by macrophage cells, where they specifically accumulated in lysosomes. The stronger cell-suppressive effects were likely due to intracellular delivery of IBN, i.e., the release of IBN from OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles via dissociation of CaP in the acidic environment of lysosomes. Our findings suggest that OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles are potentially useful for the local treatment of metastatic bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Nakamura
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Katsuya Ueda
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamamoto
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kaoru Aoki
- Physical Therapy Division, School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Minfang Zhang
- CNT Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Naoto Saito
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masako Yudasaka
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
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Patntirapong S, Chanruangvanit C, Lavanrattanakul K, Satravaha Y. Assessment of bisphosphonate treated-osteoblast behaviors by conventional assays and a simple digital image analysis. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151659. [PMID: 33285364 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to analyze the changes in osteoblast behaviors by two different methods, a simple digital image analysis method and conventional assays. Osteoblast progenitor cells and osteoblasts were treated with alendronate (ALN; a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate). Osteoblast behaviors such as the uptake of ALN, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and mineralized nodule formation were examined. Quantitative assessments were conducted using a publically available ImageJ software along with conventional methods. Furthermore, ImageJ method and conventional assay for mineralized nodule formation were performed simultaneously and were compared in order to demonstrate the reliability of ImageJ analysis. Osteoblast precursors and osteoblasts responded to ALN treatments. The software could identify various colors and allowed for the quantification of staining intensity and area coverage. Both image analysis and conventional assays detected the changes in cell behaviors between treated and untreated samples. For alizarin red S assay, the staining intensity calculated by ImageJ analysis was comparable to the absorbance measured by conventional assay. These findings showed that digital image analysis along with conventional assays could be used for quantitative assessment to evaluate osteoblast alteration by drug treatment. Image analysis method is practical and might be useful for other applications in the field of biology and medical sciences. It could also be employed in a combination with the conventional assays to strengthen the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somying Patntirapong
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Dental and Bone Substitute Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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Rogers MJ, Mönkkönen J, Munoz MA. Molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates and new insights into their effects outside the skeleton. Bone 2020; 139:115493. [PMID: 32569873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BP) are a class of calcium-binding drug used to prevent bone resorption in skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease. They act by selectively targeting bone-resorbing osteoclasts and can be grouped into two classes depending on their intracellular mechanisms of action. Simple BPs cause osteoclast apoptosis after cytoplasmic conversion into toxic ATP analogues. In contrast, nitrogen-containing BPs potently inhibit FPP synthase, an enzyme of the mevalonate (cholesterol biosynthesis) pathway. This results in production of a toxic metabolite (ApppI) and the loss of long-chain isoprenoid lipids required for protein prenylation, a process necessary for the function of small GTPase proteins essential for the survival and activity of osteoclasts. In this review we provide a state-of-the-art overview of these mechanisms of action and a historical perspective of how they were discovered. Finally, we challenge the long-held dogma that BPs act only in the skeleton and highlight recent studies that reveal insights into hitherto unknown effects on tumour-associated and tissue-resident macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rogers
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jukka Mönkkönen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
| | - Marcia A Munoz
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
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Migliorati CA, Brennan MT, Peterson DE. Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2020; 2019:5551354. [PMID: 31425596 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is an oral complication in cancer patients being treated with either antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drugs. The first reports of MRONJ were published in 2003. Hundreds of manuscripts have been published in the medical and dental literature describing the complication, clinical and radiographic signs and symptoms, possible pathophysiology, and management. Despite this extensive literature, the pathobiological mechanisms by which medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw develops have not yet been fully delineated. The aim of this manuscript is to present current knowledge about the complication ragarding to the definition, known risk factors, and clinical management recommendations. Based on this current state of the science, we also propose research directions that have potential to enhance the management of future oncology patients who are receiving these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Migliorati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL
| | - Michael T Brennan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - Douglas E Peterson
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, and Head & Neck Cancer/Oral Oncology Program, Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
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Nasulewicz-Goldeman A, Goldeman W, Mrówczyńska E, Wietrzyk J. Biological effects of aromatic bis[aminomethylidenebis(phosphonic)] acids in osteoclast precursors in vitro. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 94:1835-1848. [PMID: 31356729 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) inhibit bone resorption by preventing osteoclast activity. Most clinically used BPs are hydroxybisphosphonates with the exception of incadronate, which belongs to the class of aminomethylidenebisphosphonic acids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of two previously reported aminobisphosphonates (WG8185B2 and WG9001B) in combination with doxorubicin and cisplatin toward J774E cells (a model of osteoclast precursors in vitro). WG8185B2 and WG9001B BPs enhanced the cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin and cisplatin, especially when applied 24 hr prior to cytostatics. The antiproliferative effect of studied BPs was related to the changes in cell cycle progression. WG8185B2 leads to significant accumulation of J774E cells in S phase, whereas WG9001B causes transient arrest in G2 /M phase, followed by an increase in the percentage of cells in S phase. Moreover, WG8185B2 and WG9001B BPs showed enhanced proapoptotic activity in osteoclast precursors, which was manifested by an increase in caspase-3 activity and percentage of apoptotic cells. In addition, both compounds influenced the motility of J774E cells. The exact molecular mechanism of action of examined BPs remains to be determined; however, results show an interesting biological activity of these compounds, which may be of interest in the context of antiresorptive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nasulewicz-Goldeman
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Mrówczyńska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Wrocław, Poland
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Patntirapong S, Phupunporn P, Vanichtantiphong D, Thanetchaloempong W. Inhibition of macrophage viability by bound and free bisphosphonates. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:400-406. [PMID: 30851978 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term administration of bisphosphonates (BPs) may cause osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). After administration, 50% of BPs in the circulation rapidly binds to calcium phosphate of bone. Two forms, bound and free BPs, may affect cells residing in bone including macrophages. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of bound and free BPs on macrophage viability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biomaterials coated with BPs were used as a model to investigate the effect of bound BPs. For free BPs, RAW cells were plated on uncoated materials and BPs were added into the media. Cell viability and number were investigated by MTT assay and nuclei staining, respectively. Furthermore, coating and washing media were collected and were used to examine cell viability. RESULTS RAW cells grew on biomaterials for 7 days. At 3 days, free and calcium-bound BPs significantly decreased cell viability and cell number compared to control. Coating media collected from pre-incubation with BP-coated composite materials reduced macrophage cell viability. CONCLUSION This study showed that macrophages were directly affected by bound and free BPs. The presence of macrophages is mandatory for bone healing, thus the inhibition of cell viability might serve as an etiology of BRONJ.
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Pócs L, Janovszky Á, Ocsovszki I, Kaszaki J, Piffkó J, Szabó A. Microcirculatory consequences of limb ischemia/reperfusion in ovariectomized rats treated with zoledronic acid. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:95. [PMID: 30947735 PMCID: PMC6450009 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (BIS) are potent therapeutics in osteoporosis, but their use may result in osteonecrotic side-effects in the maxillofacial region. Periosteal microcirculatory reactions may contribute to the development of bone-healing complications, particularly in osteoporotic bones, where ischemia–reperfusion (IR) events often develop during orthopaedic/trauma interventions. The effect of BIS on the inflammatory reactions of appendicular long bones has not yet been evaluated; thus, we aimed to examine the influence of chronic zoledronate (ZOL) administration on the periosteal microcirculatory consequences of hindlimb IR in osteopenic rats. Materials and methods Twelve-week-old female Sprague–Dawley rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated, and ZOL (80 μg/kg iv, weekly) or a vehicle was administered for 8 weeks, 4 weeks after the operation. At the end of the pre-treatment protocols, 60-min limb ischemia was induced, followed by 180-min reperfusion. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions were quantitated in tibial periosteal postcapillary venules by intravital fluorescence videomicroscopy. CD11b expression of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN, flow cytometry) and plasma TNF-alpha levels (ELISA) were also determined. Two-way RM ANOVA followed by the Holm–Sidak and Dunn tests was used to assess differences within and between groups, respectively. Results Limb IR induced significant increases in PMN rolling and firm adhesion in sham-operated and OVX rats, which were exacerbated temporarily in the first 60 min of reperfusion by a ZOL treatment regimen. Postischemic TNF-alpha values showed a similar level of postischemic elevations in all groups, whereas CD11b expression only increased in rats not treated with ZOL. Conclusions The present data do not show substantial postischemic periosteal microcirculatory complications after chronic ZOL treatment either in sham-operated or OVX rats. The unaltered extent of limb IR-induced local periosteal microcirculatory reactions in the presence of reduced CD11b adhesion molecule expression on circulating PMNs, however, may be attributable to local endothelial injury/activation caused by ZOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Pócs
- Department of Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Nyíri u. 38, Kecskemét, H-6000, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Janovszky
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Szeged, Kálvária sgt. 57, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
| | - Imre Ocsovszki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - József Kaszaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Szeged, Kálvária sgt. 57, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
| | - József Piffkó
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Szeged, Kálvária sgt. 57, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szabó
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Pulz u. 1, Szeged, H-6724, Hungary.
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Preclinical evaluation of an innovative anti-TAM approach based on zoledronate-loaded erythrocytes. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1355-1364. [PMID: 30014237 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are implicated in cancer sustainment, metastasis, and drug resistance, raising a growing interest as targets in cancer therapy. Since the bisphosphonate zoledronate has proven to affect TAMs' functions, the anti-tumor effect of single or repeated administrations of red blood cells (RBCs) encapsulating zoledronate was evaluated in a mouse model of mammary carcinoma. The obtained results showed that loaded RBCs, but not free zoledronate, caused a significant (p < 0.01) and time-lasting reduction of TAMs' extent in tumor mass of Balb/C mice inoculated with murine mammary carcinoma T41 cells; in addition, a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of tumor growth rate has been obtained only following repeated administrations of zoledronate-loaded RBCs. The anti-tumor effect was secondary to the early depletion of spleen macrophages. Moreover, by assessing the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio, a prevalence of Th1 cytotoxic response in tumor-bearing mice receiving zoledronate by means of RBCs has been observed. These encouraging findings provide further evidence for the central role played by macrophages in tumor setting and highlight the suitability of zoledronate-loaded RBCs as pharmacological agents in depleting, even if indirectly, TAMs and, thus, their eligibility as part of a therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.
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Kanellias N, Gavriatopoulou M, Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA. Management of multiple myeloma bone disease: impact of treatment on renal function. Expert Rev Hematol 2018; 11:881-888. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2018.1531702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kanellias
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gavriatopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Meletios Athanasios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Strobl S, Wimmer K, Exner R, Devyatko Y, Bolliger M, Fitzal F, Gnant M. Adjuvant Bisphosphonate Therapy in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11864-018-0535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Moriyama Y, Nomura M. Clodronate: A Vesicular ATP Release Blocker. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 39:13-23. [PMID: 29146440 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clodronate is a first-generation bisphosphonate used worldwide for antiresorptive therapy for osteoporosis. Although clodronate is analgesic in nature, its mechanism and efficacy were unknown for some time. Recently, clodronate was identified as a selective and potent inhibitor for vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), a transporter responsible for vesicular storage of ATP. Clodronate inhibits vesicular ATP release from neurons and reduces chronic neuropathic and inflammatory pain following blockade of purinergic chemical transmission. Its effectiveness is stronger, faster acting, and longer lasting than that of existing drugs such as pregabalin. Thus, clodronate might be a promising drug for attenuating chronic neuropathic pain and opens a new field of drug discovery as a presynaptic blocker for purinergic chemical transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Moriyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shioziri 399-0781, Japan; Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-0082, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.
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Rapposelli S, Gambari L, Digiacomo M, Citi V, Lisignoli G, Manferdini C, Calderone V, Grassi F. A Novel H2S-releasing Amino-Bisphosphonate which combines bone anti-catabolic and anabolic functions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11940. [PMID: 28931828 PMCID: PMC5607332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the first-line treatment of bone loss resulting from various pathological conditions. Due to their high affinity to bone they have been used to develop conjugates with pro-anabolic or anti-catabolic drugs. We recently demontrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), promotes osteogenesis and inhibits osteoclast differentiation. Here we developed an innovative molecule, named DM-22, obtained from the combination of alendronate (AL) and the H2S-releasing moiety aryl-isothiocyanate. DM-22 and AL were assayed in vitro in the concentration range 1-33 μM for effects on viability and function of human osteoclasts (h-OCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (h-MSCs) undergoing osteogenic differentiation. Amperometric measures revealed that DM-22 releases H2S at a slow rate with a thiol-dependent mechanism. DM-22 significantly inhibited h-OCs differentiation and function, maintaining a residual h-OCs viability even at the high dose of 33 μM. Contrary to AL, in h-MSCs DM-22 did not induce cytotoxicity as revealed by LDH assay, significantly stimulated mineralization as measured by Alizarin Red staining and increased mRNA expression of Collagen I as compared to control cultures. In conclusion, DM-22 is a new BP which inhibits h-OCs function and stimulate osteogenic differentiation of h-MSCs, without cytotoxicity. DM-22 is an ideal candidate for a novel family of osteoanabolic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Rapposelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Digiacomo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Citi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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Identification of a vesicular ATP release inhibitor for the treatment of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E6297-E6305. [PMID: 28720702 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1704847114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the high incidence of neuropathic and inflammatory pain worldwide, effective drugs with few side effects are currently unavailable for the treatment of chronic pain. Recently, researchers have proposed that inhibitors of purinergic chemical transmission, which plays a key role in the pathological pain response, may allow for targeted treatment of pathological neuropathic and inflammatory pain. However, such therapeutic analgesic agents have yet to be developed. In the present study, we demonstrated that clodronate, a first-generation bisphosphonate with comparatively fewer side effects than traditional treatments, significantly attenuates neuropathic and inflammatory pain unrelated to bone abnormalities via inhibition of vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), a key molecule for the initiation of purinergic chemical transmission. In vitro analyses indicated that clodronate inhibits VNUT at a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 15.6 nM without affecting other vesicular neurotransmitter transporters, acting as an allosteric modulator through competition with Cl- A low concentration of clodronate impaired vesicular ATP release from neurons, microglia, and immune cells. In vivo analyses revealed that clodronate is more effective than other therapeutic agents in attenuating neuropathic and inflammatory pain, as well as the accompanying inflammation, in wild-type but not VNUT -/- mice, without affecting basal nociception. These findings indicate that clodronate may represent a unique treatment strategy for chronic neuropathic and inflammatory pain via inhibition of vesicular ATP release.
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17
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Kawada S, Harada A, Hashimoto N. Impairment of cold injury-induced muscle regeneration in mice receiving a combination of bone fracture and alendronate treatment. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181457. [PMID: 28715470 PMCID: PMC5513540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alendronate, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, is well established as a treatment for osteoporosis through regulation of osteoclast activity. Previously, the pharmacological effects of bisphosphonates on cells outside the bone environment have been considered irrelevant because bisphosphonates target bone. Here we show that administration of alendronate impairs muscle regeneration in mice after bone fracture. A series of injections of alendronate alone or bone fracture alone did not affect muscle regeneration induced by cold injury. In contrast, alendronate treatment plus bone fracture severely impaired the regeneration of muscle that closely contacts the bone fracture site after cold injury. After cold injury, M-cadherin-positive myogenic cells disappeared in the damaged muscle areas of mice receiving the combination of alendronate treatment and bone fracture. The present results suggest that the muscle regeneration capacity is impaired by bone fracture in mice receiving alendronate treatment. The present research on the pharmacological effects of alendronate on muscle regeneration will aid in understanding of the in vivo action of alendronate on skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Kawada
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Hashimoto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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18
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Lozano-Carrascal N, Salomó-Coll O, Hernández-Alfaro F, Gehrke SA, Gargallo-Albiol J, Calvo-Guirado JL. Do topical applications of bisphosphonates improve bone formation in oral implantology? A systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2017. [PMID: 28624840 PMCID: PMC5549526 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.21887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this systematic literature review was to evaluate the feasibility of topical bisphosphonate application for preserving/enhancing alveolar bone in oral implantology. Material and Methods An electronic search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of knowledge, and Google-Scholar databases for articles dated from January 2000 to December 2016. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the studies independently. Results A total of 154 abstracts were identified, of which 18 potentially relevant articles were selected; a final total of nine papers were included for analysis. Comparison of the findings of the selected studies was made difficult by the heterogeneity of the articles, all of them animal research papers that showed heterogeneity in the methodologies used and a high or moderate risk of bias. Conclusions The topical application of bisphosphonate solution would appear to favor new bone formation in alveolar defects, and boosts the regenerative capacities of biomaterials resulting in increased bone density. Key words:Alveolar bone, bone regeneration, topical application, biomaterial, bisphosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lozano-Carrascal
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Carrer de Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallés Barcelona, Spain,
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Chevreau M, Romand X, Gaudin P, Juvin R, Baillet A. Bisphosphonates for treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials versus placebo. Joint Bone Spine 2017; 84:393-399. [PMID: 28408275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 is a severely disabling pain syndrome with no definite established treatment. We have performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of bisphosphonates on pain and function in patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in the Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases. Two authors selected independently blinded randomized trials comparing bisphosphonates to placebo on short-term (J30 to J40) and medium term pain (M2-M3), safety and function in patients with CRPS 1. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed. Data were aggregated using the method of the inverse of the variance. RESULTS 258 articles were identified. Four trials of moderate to good quality comprising 181 patients (90 in the bisphosphonate group and 91 in the placebo group) were included in this meta-analysis. Short-term pain Visual Analog Scale was significantly lower in the bisphosphonate group versus the placebo group (SMD=-2.6, 95%CI [-1.8, -3.4], P<0.001), as well as the medium term Visual Analog Scale pain (SMD=-2.5, 95%CI [-1.4, -3.6], P<0.001). There were more adverse events in the bisphosphonate group (35.5%) than in the placebo group (16.4%) with a relative risk of 2.1 (95%CI [1.3, 3.5], P=0.004) and a number needed to harm of 4.6, (95%CI [2.4, 168.0]) but no serious side effects. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that bisphosphonates reduce pain in patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1. Other studies are needed to determine their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Chevreau
- Rheumatology Department, Hôpital Sud, Grenoble Teaching Hospital, 38130 Echirolles, France
| | - Xavier Romand
- Rheumatology Department, Hôpital Sud, Grenoble Teaching Hospital, 38130 Echirolles, France; GREPI - UGA EA 7408, Domaine de la Merci, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Philippe Gaudin
- Rheumatology Department, Hôpital Sud, Grenoble Teaching Hospital, 38130 Echirolles, France; GREPI - UGA EA 7408, Domaine de la Merci, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Robert Juvin
- Rheumatology Department, Hôpital Sud, Grenoble Teaching Hospital, 38130 Echirolles, France
| | - Athan Baillet
- Rheumatology Department, Hôpital Sud, Grenoble Teaching Hospital, 38130 Echirolles, France; GREPI - UGA EA 7408, Domaine de la Merci, 38700 La Tronche, France.
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20
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Liu G, Guo T, Zhang Y, Liu N, Chen J, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhao J. Apoptotic pathways of macrophages within osteolytic interface membrane in periprosthestic osteolysis after total hip replacement. APMIS 2017; 125:565-578. [PMID: 28345781 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage apoptosis in interface membrane, which occurs through either death receptor, mitochondrion, or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways, has been suggested to play an important role in promoting osteolysis. However, how and why macrophage apoptosis originates and the correlation among these apoptotic pathways is not yet clear. The objective of this study was to identify the apoptotic mechanism of macrophages, and to explore the relationship between the apoptotic pathways and progression of osteolysis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was utilized to analyze the tissue ultrastructure of wear particles, and in situ apoptotic macrophage identification was performed by TUNEL staining. We analyzed the expression of the key biomarkers of apoptotic pathways via immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Our results demonstrated that the majority of wear particles within osteolytic interface membrane was in the 30-60 nm range, and that macrophage apoptotic ratio increased along with osteolysis progression. Normal hip dysplasia and mechanical loosening of tissues showed low expression levels of biomarkers for ER stress (Ca2+ , JNK, cleaved Caspase-4, IRE1-α, Grp78/Bip, and CHOP), mitochondrion (Bcl-2, Bax, and Cytochrome c), and death receptor (Fas and cleaved Caspase-8) pathways, while osteolytic interface membrane tissues expressed high levels of these biomarkers. In addition, we found that the ER stress intensity was in complete conformity with mitochondrial dysfunction and was consistent with the results of death receptor activation. Thus, our findings suggested that wear particles generated at implant interface can accelerate macrophage apoptosis through changes in apoptotic pathways and ultimately aggravate the symptom of osteolysis. These data represent a preferential apoptotic signaling pathway of macrophages as specific target points for the prevention and therapeutic modulation of periprosthetic osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Bayi Hospital Affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bayi Hospital Affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Naicheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangning Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bayi Hospital Affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Ubellacker JM, Haider MT, DeCristo MJ, Allocca G, Brown NJ, Silver DP, Holen I, McAllister SS. Zoledronic acid alters hematopoiesis and generates breast tumor-suppressive bone marrow cells. Breast Cancer Res 2017; 19:23. [PMID: 28264701 PMCID: PMC5339994 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bone-targeting agent zoledronic acid (ZOL) increases breast cancer survival in subsets of patients, but the underlying reasons for this protective effect are unknown. ZOL modulates the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, which form hematopoietic stem cell niches, and therefore may affect hematopoietic cells that play a role in breast cancer progression. METHOD Immunocompetent and immunocompromised strains of mice commonly used for breast cancer research were injected with a single, clinically relevant dose of ZOL (100 μg/kg) or vehicle control. The effects of ZOL on the bone marrow microenvironment (bone volume, bone cell number/activity, extracellular matrix composition) were established at various time points following treatment, using micro-computed tomography (μCT) analysis, histomorphometry, ELISA and immunofluorescence. The effects on peripheral blood and bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor populations were assessed using a HEMAVET® hematology analyzer and multicolor flow cytometry, respectively. Tumor support function of bone marrow cells was determined using an in vivo functional assay developed in our laboratory. RESULTS Using multiple mouse strains, we observed transient changes in numbers of hematopoietic stem cells, myeloid-biased progenitor cells, and lymphoid-biased cells concurrent with changes to hematopoietic stem cell niches following ZOL administration. Importantly, bone marrow cells from mice treated with a single, clinically relevant dose of ZOL inhibited breast tumor outgrowth in vivo. The ZOL-induced tumor suppressive function of the bone marrow persisted beyond the time point at which numbers of hematopoietic progenitor cells had returned to baseline. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide novel evidence that alterations to the bone marrow play a role in the anti-tumor activity of ZOL and suggest possibilities for capitalizing on the beneficial effects of ZOL in reducing breast cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessalyn M. Ubellacker
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Hematology Division, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | | | - Molly J. DeCristo
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Hematology Division, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Gloria Allocca
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicola J. Brown
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniel P. Silver
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sandra S. McAllister
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Hematology Division, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
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22
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RETRACTED: Scanning electron microscopy study of new bone formation following small and large defects preserved with xenografts supplemented with pamidronate—A pilot study in Fox-Hound dogs at 4 and 8 weeks. Ann Anat 2017; 209:61-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Current Controversies on the Pathogenesis of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. Dent J (Basel) 2016; 4:dj4040038. [PMID: 29563480 PMCID: PMC5806951 DOI: 10.3390/dj4040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) was first reported more than a decade ago. Since then, numerous cases have been diagnosed. Currently, there are three groups of drugs related to MRONJ: bisphosphonates, denosumab and anti-angiogenic drugs. As MRONJ can lead to debilitating clinical sequels and limited effective treatment options are available, much research has been done in understanding its pathophysiology. Until now, the exact pathogenesis of MRONJ has not been fully elucidated. While history of invasive dental procedures or local trauma may be present, some cases occur spontaneously without any preceding factors. This review aims to examine and discuss the three main hypotheses for the pathogenesis of MRONJ, namely suppressed bone turnover, cellular toxicity and infection.
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Varilla V, Taxel P, Tannenbaum S. Metastatic Inflammatory Breast Cancer Associated With Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis Successfully Treated With Zoledronic Acid. Clin Breast Cancer 2016; 16:e203-e207. [PMID: 27435627 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Taxel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
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Belgiovine C, D'Incalci M, Allavena P, Frapolli R. Tumor-associated macrophages and anti-tumor therapies: complex links. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2411-24. [PMID: 26956893 PMCID: PMC11108407 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cells infiltrating the tumor microenvironment, especially tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are essential providers of cancer-related inflammation, a condition known to accelerate tumor progression and limit the response to anti-tumor therapies. As a matter of fact, TAMs may have a dual role while interfering with cancer treatments, as they can either promote or impair their functionality. Here we review the connection between macrophages and anticancer therapies; moreover, we provide an overview of the different strategies to target or re-program TAMs for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Belgiovine
- Department Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
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Niu M, Valdes S, Naguib YW, Hursting SD, Cui Z. Tumor-Associated Macrophage-Mediated Targeted Therapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1833-42. [PMID: 27074028 PMCID: PMC4899190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer. TNBC is often infiltrated with a large number of macrophages, which in turn promote tumor growth and metastasis. In this study, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were exploited as a target to deliver doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic agent, to TNBC using nanoparticles surface-functionalized by (i) acid-sensitive sheddable PEGylation and (ii) modifying with mannose (i.e., DOX-AS-M-PLGA-NPs). In mice with orthotopic M-Wnt triple-negative mammary tumors, a single intravenous injection of DOX-AS-M-PLGA-NPs significantly reduced macrophage population in tumors within 2 days, and the density of the macrophages recovered slowly. Repeated injections of DOX-AS-M-PLGA-NPs can help maintain the population of the macrophages at a lower level. In M-Wnt tumor-bearing mice that were pretreated with zoledronic acid to nonselectively deplete macrophages, the TAM-targeting DOX-AS-M-PLGA-NPs were not more effective than the DOX-AS-PLGA-NPs that were not surface-modified with mannose and thus do not target TAMs in controlling tumor growth. However, in M-Wnt tumor-bearing mice that were not pretreated with zoledronic acid, the TAM-targeting DOX-AS-M-PLGA-NPs were significantly more effective than the nontargeting DOX-AS-PLGA-NPs in controlling the tumor growth. The AS-M-PLGA-NPs or other nanoparticles surface-functionalized similarly, when loaded with a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in adjuvant therapy of TNBC, may be developed into targeted therapy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Niu
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics Division, Austin, TX
| | - Solange Valdes
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics Division, Austin, TX
| | - Youssef W. Naguib
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics Division, Austin, TX
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- University of North Carolina, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics Division, Austin, TX
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Hoefert S, Sade Hoefert C, Munz A, Schmitz I, Grimm M, Yuan A, Northoff H, Reinert S, Alexander D. Effect of bisphosphonates on macrophagic THP-1 cell survival in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 121:222-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Safety of I.V. Nonnitrogen Bisphosphonates on the Occurrence of Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Long-Term Follow-Up on Prostate Cancer Patients. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2015; 13:199-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zoledronate but not denosumab suppresses macrophagic differentiation of THP-1 cells. An aetiologic model of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:1307-18. [PMID: 25411080 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bisphosphonates and denosumab are antiresorptive drugs used for the treatment of osteoporosis and oncological tumors. A severe side effect is osteonecrosis of the jaw. Monocyte/macrophage dysfunction is considered to play a distinct role in osteonecrosis. THP-1 monocytic cells were used in this study to elucidate the influence of zoledronate and denosumab on phorbol-12-myrisate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced macrophage differentiation and function in real-time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Macrophagic differentiation of the THP-1 suspension cells was measured by cell adherence in the presence or absence of different concentrations of zoledronate (0.5, 5, 50 μM) and denosumab (1, 10, 20, 40 μg/mL) using the real-time xCELLigence system. Additionally, a live/dead staining was performed by fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS THP-1 cells demonstrated a regular initial PMA-induced differentiation to macrophages by live measurements of cell adherence and by an increase in CD68 surface expression as detected by flow cytometry. The addition of zoledronate led to cell detachment of the THP-1-derived macrophages in a dose-dependent manner in contrast to denosumab. Cell detachment was based on cell death as confirmed by live/dead staining, revealing elevated numbers of dead cells following addition of high zoledronate concentrations. However, denosumab did not deteriorate THP-1 cell viability. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that zoledronate but not denosumab suppresses monocytic THP-1 cell viability after macrophagic differentiation dose-dependently. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first real-time study providing evidence for a dose-dependent immunosuppressive effect of zoledronate in contrast to denosumab on local macrophages.
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Gonzalez-Villasana V, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Arumugam T, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Fuentes-Mattei E, Deng D, Hwang RF, Wang H, Ivan C, Garza RJ, Cohen E, Gao H, Armaiz-Pena GN, Del C Monroig-Bosque P, Philip B, Rashed MH, Aslan B, Erdogan MA, Gutierrez-Puente Y, Ozpolat B, Reuben JM, Sood AK, Logsdon C, Lopez-Berestein G. Bisphosphonates inhibit stellate cell activity and enhance antitumor effects of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2583-94. [PMID: 25193509 PMCID: PMC4221441 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) have been recognized as the principal cells responsible for the production of fibrosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recently, PSCs have been noted to share characteristics with cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage (MML cells). Thus, we tested whether PSCs could be targeted with the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBP; pamidronate or zoledronic acid), which are potent MML cell inhibitors. In addition, we tested NBPs treatment combination with nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) to enhance antitumor activity. In vitro, we observed that PSCs possess α-naphthyl butyrate esterase (ANBE) enzyme activity, a specific marker of MML cells. Moreover, NBPs inhibited PSCs proliferation, activation, release of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and type I collagen expression. NBPs also induced PSCs apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in the G1 phase. In vivo, NBPs inactivated PSCs; reduced fibrosis; inhibited tumor volume, tumor weight, peritoneal dissemination, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation; and increased apoptosis in an orthotopic murine model of PDAC. These in vivo antitumor effects were enhanced when NBPs were combined with nab-paclitaxel but not gemcitabine. Our study suggests that targeting PSCs and tumor cells with NBPs in combination with nab-paclitaxel may be a novel therapeutic approach to PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianey Gonzalez-Villasana
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Thiruvengadam Arumugam
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Enrique Fuentes-Mattei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Defeng Deng
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rosa F Hwang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Raul Joshua Garza
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Evan Cohen
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Guillermo N Armaiz-Pena
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paloma Del C Monroig-Bosque
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Bincy Philip
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mohammed H Rashed
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Burcu Aslan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - James M Reuben
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Center for RNAi and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Craig Logsdon
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Center for RNAi and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Zhan X, Jia L, Niu Y, Qi H, Chen X, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Wang Y, Dong L, Wang C. Targeted depletion of tumour-associated macrophages by an alendronate-glucomannan conjugate for cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2014; 35:10046-57. [PMID: 25245263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a set of macrophages residing in the tumour microenvironment. They play essential roles in mediating tumour angiogenesis, metastasis and immune evasion. Delivery of therapeutic agents to eliminate TAMs can be a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy but an efficient vehicle to target these cells is still in pressing need. In this study, we developed a bisphosphonate-glucomannan conjugate that could efficiently target and specifically eliminate TAMs in the tumour microenvironment. We employed the polysaccharide from Bletilla striata (BSP), a glucomannan affinitive for macrophages that express abundant mannose receptors, to conjugate alendronate (ALN), a bisphosphonate compound with in vitro macrophage-inhibiting activities. In both in vitro and in vivo tests, the prepared ALN-BSP conjugate could preferentially accumulate in macrophages and induced them into apoptosis. In the subcutaneous S180 tumour-bearing mice model, the treatment using ALN-BSP effectively eliminated TAMs, remarkably inhibited angiogenesis, recovered local immune surveillance, and eventually suppressed tumour progression, without eliciting any unwanted effect such as systematic immune response. Interestingly, ALN alone failed to exhibit any anti-TAM activity in vivo, probably because this compound was susceptible to the mildly acidic tumour microenvironment. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of ALN-BSP as a safe and efficient tool targeted at direct depletion of TAMs for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lixin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Haixia Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
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Sabatino R, Antonelli A, Battistelli S, Schwendener R, Magnani M, Rossi L. Macrophage depletion by free bisphosphonates and zoledronate-loaded red blood cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101260. [PMID: 24968029 PMCID: PMC4072741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates, besides being important drugs for the treatment of various bone diseases, could also be used to induce apoptosis in macrophage-like and cancer cells. However, their activity in vivo is limited by a short plasma half-life and rapid uptake within bone. Therefore, several delivery systems have been proposed to modify their pharmacokinetic profile and biodistribution. Among these, red blood cells (RBCs) represent one of the most promising biological carriers. The aim of this study was to select the best performing compound among Clodronate, Pamidronate, Ibandronate and Zoledronate in killing macrophages and to investigate RBCs as innovative carrier system to selectively target bisphosphonates to macrophages. To this end, the encapsulation of the selected bisphosphonates in autologous RBCs as well as the effect on macrophages, both in vitro and in vivo were studied. This work shows that, among the tested bisphosphonates, Zoledronate has proven to be the most active molecule. Human and murine RBCs have been successfully loaded with Zoledronate by a procedure of hypotonic dialysis and isotonic resealing, obtaining a dose-dependent drug entrapment with a maximal loading of 7.96±2.03, 6.95±3.9 and 7.0±1.89 µmoles of Zoledronate/ml of packed RBCs for human, Swiss and Balb/C murine RBCs, respectively. Engineered RBCs were able to detach human and murine macrophages in vitro, leading to a detachment of 66±8%, 67±8% and 60.5±3.5% for human, Swiss and Balb/C RBCs, respectively. The in vivo efficacy of loaded RBCs was tested in Balb/C mice administering 59 µg/mouse of RBC-encapsulated Zoledronate. By a single administration, depletion of 29.0±16.38% hepatic macrophages and of 67.84±5.48% spleen macrophages was obtained, confirming the ability of encapsulated Zoledronate to deplete macrophages in vivo. In conclusion, RBCs loaded with Zoledronate should be considered a suitable system for targeted delivery to macrophages, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Sabatino
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Serafina Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Reto Schwendener
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino (PU), Italy
- EryDel SpA, Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Luigia Rossi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino (PU), Italy
- EryDel SpA, Urbino (PU), Italy
- * E-mail:
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In vitro effects of bisphosphonates on chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst of neutrophil granulocytes. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:139-48. [PMID: 24668343 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws is a serious side effect that mainly occurs in patients receiving highly potent, nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Usually the diagnosis is made due to exposed bone and a nonhealing wound. Neutrophil granulocytes are essential for sufficient wound healing; therefore, the influence of different bisphosphonates on neutrophil granulocytes was the focus of this study. MATERIAL AND METHODS The effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (ibandronate, pamidronate, and zoledronate) and one non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (clodronate) on chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst of neutrophil granulocytes in human whole blood was analyzed using standard cytometric flow assays. RESULTS Chemotaxis of neutrophils was reduced by almost 50 % when cells were treated with ibandronate and zoledronate. All tested nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates moderately increased the percentage of phagocytizing neutrophils, whereas the percentage of oxidizing cells was extremely affected. Zoledronate increased the oxidative burst activity even at low concentrations. Treatment with ibandronate and pamidronate reached the same level, but only in at least 10 times the higher concentrations. The maximal burst activity of a single cell reached nearly 150 % compared to control. In this case, zoledronate also caused maximal effects even at low concentrations. Clodronate did not show any effects. CONCLUSION The results show a proinflammatory effect of the nitrogen-containing effect on neutrophil granulocytes which might contribute to the development of osteonecrosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The altered neutrophil defense might play a key role in the pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws, although the underlying causation between inflammatory reaction and the development of necrosis is yet unknown.
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Yavropoulou MP, Pikilidou M, Yovos JG. Anti-osteoporotic drugs and vascular calcification: the bidirectional calcium traffic. J Vasc Res 2013; 51:37-49. [PMID: 24280985 DOI: 10.1159/000355204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last years, numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated a direct relationship between vascular calcification and low bone mineral density. This observation is in line with experimental data demonstrating the osteogenic characteristics of calcified arteries. Various common risk factors have been suggested to link vascular calcification and bone loss, including aging, estrogen deficiency, vitamin D and K deficiency, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, smoking, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Although the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are not yet clear, current research is focusing on anti-osteoporotic agents that could potentially affect the deposition of calcium in the arterial wall and thus provide an additional therapeutic strategy in elderly osteoporotic women prone to calcific cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Yavropoulou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Shiomi K, Nagata Y, Kiyono T, Harada A, Hashimoto N. Differential impact of the Bisphosphonate Alendronate on undifferentiated and terminally differentiated human myogenic cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 66:418-27. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Alendronate, a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, is well established as a treatment for osteoporosis through regulation of osteoclast activity. Previously, the pharmacological effects of bisphosphonates on cells outside the bone environment have been considered irrelevant because of the bone-targeting property of bisphosphonates. However, the chronic effects of bisphosphonates on tissue-neighbouring bone, in particular skeletal muscles, should not be ignored because patients are treated with bisphosphonates for long periods.
Methods
Here, we show that the impact of alendronate on immortalized human myogenic cells depends on growth and differentiation-inducing conditions.
Key findings
Alendronate disrupted cytoskeletal structures and prevented migration, proliferation and differentiation of undifferentiated human myogenic cells that are involved in muscle regeneration. In contrast, alendronate did not affect the morphology, gene expression or survival of terminally differentiated human myotubes.
Conclusions
The present results suggest that the muscle regeneration capacity of osteoporosis patients treated with bisphosphonates for long periods may be attenuated. The present research on the pharmacological effects of alendronate on cultured human myogenic cells will contribute to improvement of therapeutic strategies and optimization of rehabilitation programmes for locomotive activity in osteoporosis patients treated with bisphosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Shiomi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Virology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Hashimoto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
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Rogers TL, Wind N, Hughes R, Nutter F, Brown HK, Vasiliadou I, Ottewell PD, Holen I. Macrophages as potential targets for zoledronic acid outside the skeleton-evidence from in vitro and in vivo models. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2013; 36:505-14. [PMID: 24177992 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-013-0156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple cell types of the tumour microenvironment, including macrophages, contribute to the response to cancer therapy. The anti-resorptive agent zoledronic acid (ZOL) has anti-tumour effects in vitro and in vivo, but it is not known to what extent macrophages are affected by this agent. We have therefore investigated the effects of ZOL on macrophages using a combination of in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS J774 macrophages were treated with ZOL in vitro, alone and in combination with doxorubicin (DOX), and the levels of apoptosis and necrosis determined. Uptake of zoledronic acid was assessed by detection of unprenylated Rap1a in J774 macrophages in vitro, in peritoneal macrophages and in macrophage populations isolated from subcutaneously implanted breast cancer xenografts following ZOL treatment in vivo. RESULTS Exposure of J774 macrophages to 5 μM ZOL for 24 h caused a significant increase in the levels of uRap1A, and higher doses/longer exposure induced apoptotic cell death. DOX (10 nM/24 h) and ZOL (10 μM/4 h) given in sequence induced significantly increased levels of apoptotic cell death compared to single agents. Peritoneal macrophages and macrophage populations isolated from breast tumour xenografts had detectable levels of uRap1A 24 h following a single, clinically achievable dose of 100 μg/kg ZOL in vivo. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that macrophages are sensitive to sequential administration of DOX and ZOL, and that both peritoneal and breast tumour associated macrophages rapidly take up ZOL in vivo. Our data support that macrophages may contribute to the anti-tumour effect of ZOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Rogers
- Department of Oncology, CR-UK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Wade RG, Daivajna S, Chapman P, Murphy JG, Makkuni D. Hand surgery for Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis: A new avenue of treatment and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2013; 4:744-7. [PMID: 23796955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2013.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis (MRH) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterised by destructive polyarthritis and violaceous skin papules. PRESENTATION OF CASE In 2010, a 70-year-old woman with Palindromic Rheumatism was diagnosed with MRH. Within a few months, she developed ankylosis of the small joints of both hands which resulted in severe fixed flexion deformities of the fingers and thumbs. The joint disease failed to respond to medical therapies and the palmar skin of her left hand was becoming increasingly macerated. Therefore, she elected to undergo arthrodesis of the metacarpophalangeal joints to allow hand hygiene. DISCUSSION To-date, this is the first report of a surgical intervention for this rare condition and represents a novel avenue of potential therapy. Medical therapies for MRH are usually ineffective in preventing the debilitating small joint disease which often develops and there is on-going research into newer agents and alternative surgical techniques. CONCLUSION Once medical therapies are exhausted, clinicians should consider the input of Hand Surgeons in managing the inevitable and mutilating joint disease of this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryckie G Wade
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, NR4 7UY, UK
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Miwa A, Takezako N, Hayakawa H, Hayakawa M, Tominaga SI, Yanagisawa K. YM-175 induces apoptosis of human native monocyte-lineage cells via inhibition of prenylation. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:1084-8. [PMID: 23044853 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NCBPs) have been widely used as standard supportive therapy to reduce skeletal-related events (SREs) in myeloma patients through suppression of osteoclast activity. In various prospective randomized trials that were performed following preliminary reports concerning efficacy, NCBPs have shown a significant beneficial effect on myeloma bone disease through both suppression of bone resorption and direct antimyeloma activity. Thus, NCBPs have an influence on many types of human cells. In this study, we examined the effect of an NCBP (YM-175) on an apoptosis of a monocytic cell line and of human native monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). We confirmed that monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, DCs, and a monoblastic cell line (THP-1) showed dose-dependent and time-dependent apoptosis related to the activation of caspases after exposure to YM-175 at concentrations below that at which the apoptosis of myeloma cell lines was induced. Such apoptosis of monocytic cells was suppressed by the addition of farnesol or geranylgeraniol. These findings suggest that the inhibition of monocyte-lineage cells or DCs by NCBPs might interfere with phagocytic activity or pathogen-presenting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Miwa
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
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Mo H, Yeganehjoo H, Shah A, Mo WK, Soelaiman IN, Shen CL. Mevalonate-suppressive dietary isoprenoids for bone health. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:1543-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Thaler R, Spitzer S, Karlic H, Berger C, Klaushofer K, Varga F. Ibandronate increases the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene FAS by epigenetic mechanisms in tumor cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 85:173-85. [PMID: 23103563 PMCID: PMC3557391 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that aminobisphosphonates like ibandronate show anticancer activity by an unknown mechanism. Biochemically, they prevent posttranslational isoprenylation of small GTPases, thus inhibiting their activity. In tumor cells, activated RAS-GTPase, the founding member of the gene family, down-regulates the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene FAS via epigenetic DNA-methylation by DNMT1. We compared ibandronate treatment in neoplastic human U-2 osteosarcoma and in mouse CCL-51 breast cancer cells as well as in the immortalized non-neoplastic MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. Ibandronate attenuated cell proliferation in all cell lines tested. In the neoplastic cells we found up-regulation of caspases suggesting apoptosis. Further we found stimulation of FAS-expression as a result of epigenetic DNA demethylation that was due to down-regulation of DNMT1, which was rescued by re-isoprenylation by both geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate and farnesylpyrophosphate. In contrast, ibandronate did not affect FAS and DNMT1 expression in MC3T3-E1 non-neoplastic cells. Data suggest that bisphosphonates via modulation of the activity of small-GTPases induce apoptosis in neoplastic cells by DNA-CpG-demethylation and stimulation of FAS-expression. In conclusion the shown epigenetic mechanism underlying the anti-neoplastic activity of farnesyl-transferase-inhibition, also explains the clinical success of other drugs, which target this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Thaler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - S. Spitzer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - H. Karlic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology and Institute for Leukemia Research and Hematology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - C. Berger
- Department of Orthopedics, SMZ-OST, Danube Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - K. Klaushofer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - F. Varga
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author at: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin-Str. 30, A-1140 Vienna, Austria. Tel.: +43 1 91021 86933; fax: +43 1 91021 86929.
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Compston J. Pathophysiology of atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:2951-61. [PMID: 21997225 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw have emerged as potential complications of long-term bisphosphonate therapy; osteonecrosis of the jaw has also been reported in patients receiving high doses of denosumab. The pathophysiology of both conditions is poorly defined, and the underlying mechanisms are likely to differ. The initiation of atypical fractures in the lateral femoral shaft suggests that reduced tensile strength, possibly secondary to alterations in the material properties of bone resulting from low bone turnover, may be an important pathogenetic factor. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is characterised by infection, inflammation, bone resorption and bone necrosis, but the sequence in which these occur has not been established. However, the observation that bone resorption occurs in close proximity to microbial structures suggests that infection may be the most important trigger, often as a result of dental disease. Other possible pathogenetic factors include suppression of bone turnover, altered immune status and adverse effects of bisphosphonates on the oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Compston
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Rogers TL, Holen I. Tumour macrophages as potential targets of bisphosphonates. J Transl Med 2011; 9:177. [PMID: 22005011 PMCID: PMC3215187 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour cells communicate with the cells of their microenvironment via a series of molecular and cellular interactions to aid their progression to a malignant state and ultimately their metastatic spread. Of the cells in the microenvironment with a key role in cancer development, tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) are among the most notable. Tumour cells release a range of chemokines, cytokines and growth factors to attract macrophages, and these in turn release numerous factors (e.g. VEGF, MMP-9 and EGF) that are implicated in invasion-promoting processes such as tumour cell growth, flicking of the angiogenic switch and immunosuppression. TAM density has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis in breast cancer, suggesting that these cells may represent a potential therapeutic target. However, there are currently no agents that specifically target TAM's available for clinical use. Bisphosphonates (BPs), such as zoledronic acid, are anti-resorptive agents approved for treatment of skeletal complication associated with metastatic breast cancer and prostate cancer. These agents act on osteoclasts, key cells in the bone microenvironment, to inhibit bone resorption. Over the past 30 years this has led to a great reduction in skeletal-related events (SRE's) in patients with advanced cancer and improved the morbidity associated with cancer-induced bone disease. However, there is now a growing body of evidence, both from in vitro and in vivo models, showing that zoledronic acid can also target tumour cells to increase apoptotic cell death and decrease proliferation, migration and invasion, and that this effect is significantly enhanced in combination with chemotherapy agents. Whether macrophages in the peripheral tumour microenvironment are exposed to sufficient levels of bisphosphonate to be affected is currently unknown. Macrophages belong to the same cell lineage as osteoclasts, the major target of BPs, and are highly phagocytic cells shown to be sensitive to bisphosphonates in model studies; In vitro, zoledronic acid causes increased apoptotic cell death; in vivo the drug has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-angiogenic factor MMP-9, as well as most recent evidence showing it can trigger the reversal of the TAMs phenotype from pro-tumoral M2 to tumoricidal M1. There is thus accumulating evidence supporting the hypothesis that effects on TAMs may contribute to the anti-tumour effect of bisphosphonates. This review will focus in detail on the role of tumour associated macrophages in breast cancer progression, the actions of bisphosphonates on macrophages in vitro and in tumour models in vivo and summarise the evidence supporting the potential for the targeting of tumour macrophages with bisphosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea L Rogers
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, S10 2RX, UK
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Ohe JY, Kwon YD, Lee HW. Bisphosphonates modulate the expression of OPG and M-CSF in hMSC-derived osteoblasts. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 16:1153-9. [PMID: 21938481 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-011-0614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates have been known to suppress osteoclast activity, survival, and recruitment. In this study, we tested effects of BPs on expression of two critical genes for osteoclastogenesis, M-CSF, and OPG in the process of osteoblast differentiation from hMSC. (1) The cells were cultured in osteogenic induction medium together with 0 (control group) and 10-8 M alendronate, pamidronate for up 2 and 3 weeks (for real-time PCR) and 3 and 4 weeks (for ELISA). (2) The real-time PCR protocol for M-CSF, OPG, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) consist of 40 cycles. (3) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): the amounts of M-CSF and OPG in the culture medium were determined using commercially available ELISA kits for M-CSF and OPG. Treatment of differentiating cells with alendronate or pamidronate, nitrogen-containing BPs increase the expression of OPG, which suppresses osteoclastogenesis, whereas it decreases the expression of M-CSF, which enhances preosteoclast formation. These results suggest a new mechanism by which BPs inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Results support hypothesis that progressive accumulation of bisphosphonate in jaws causes imbalance in osteogenesis and bone absorption and collateral osteoclast-osteoblast interaction. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BPONJ) is one of the most serious complications of bisphosphonate (BP) therapy. However, the mechanism behind the this process of BPONJ is still unclear and there are so many hypotheses. Among many hypotheses, we focused on osteoclast-osteoblast interaction in this study. The findings of this study show new light on the present BPONJ occurrence theory based on the osteoclastic activity of BPs. Also, a more advanced and developed theory for BRONJ occurrence may be obtained by combining the osteoclast inhibition mechanism and the effects on osteoblastic differentiation by BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Ohe
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yang F, Wu W, Cao L, Huang Y, Zhu Z, Tang T, Dai K. Pathways of macrophage apoptosis within the interface membrane in aseptic loosening of prostheses. Biomaterials 2011; 32:9159-67. [PMID: 21872327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening is a major cause of failure of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Macrophage apoptosis in interface membrane has been proved to play an important role in the pathogenesis of aseptic loosening. The purpose of current study was to identify the apoptotic mechanism of macrophages in the interface membrane of aseptic loosening. We collected periprosthetic interface membrane from 23 patients undergoing the revision operations for aseptic loosening of hip joint prostheses. To serve as the control group, samples of capsule were collected from 18 patients undergoing the primary hip arthroplasties for osteoarthritis (OA). The ultrastructure of interface membrane was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and in situ apoptotic macrophage identification was performed by TUNEL staining. Furthermore, using immunohistochemical methods we investigated the expression of some apoptosis-related markers such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), cleaved caspase-3/4/8/9, cytochrome c, glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 153 (GADD153) in macrophages. These markers were regarded as apoptotic inducers or specific indicators of different apoptotic pathways such as death receptor pathway, mitochondrial pathway and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway. TEM showed that a great deal of wear debris was phagocytosed by macrophages, which displayed morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis. The results of TUNEL staining demonstrated that there were more apoptotic macrophages in interface membrane. The expression levels of iNOS, ONOO(-), cleaved caspase-3/4/8/9, cytochrome c, GRP78 and GADD153 in macrophages in interface membrane were significantly higher than those in the control samples (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that death receptor pathway, mitochondria/cytochrosome c caspase-dependent pathway and ER stress pathway are involved in the process of macrophage apoptosis. A therapeutic target to modulate the apoptotic pathways in macrophages may be a strategy to prevent and treat aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
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Rogers MJ, Crockett JC, Coxon FP, Mönkkönen J. Biochemical and molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates. Bone 2011; 49:34-41. [PMID: 21111853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the key discoveries over the last 15 years that have led to a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which bisphosphonate drugs inhibit bone resorption. Once released from bone mineral surfaces during bone resorption, these agents accumulate intracellularly in osteoclasts. Simple bisphosphonates such as clodronate are incorporated into non-hydrolysable analogues of adenosine triphosphate, which induce osteoclast apoptosis. The considerably more potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates are not metabolised but potently inhibit farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) synthase, a key enzyme of the mevalonate pathway. This prevents the synthesis of isoprenoid lipids necessary for the post-translational prenylation of small GTPases, thereby disrupting the subcellular localisation and normal function of these essential signalling proteins. Inhibition of FPP synthase also results in the accumulation of the upstream metabolite isopentenyl diphosphate, which is incorporated into the toxic nucleotide metabolite ApppI. Together, these properties explain the ability of bisphosphonate drugs to inhibit bone resorption by disrupting osteoclast function and survival. These discoveries are also giving insights into some of the adverse effects of bisphosphonates, such as the acute phase reaction that is triggered by inhibition of FPP synthase in peripheral blood monocytes.
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Kupffer cells support extramedullary erythropoiesis induced by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate in splenectomized mice. Cell Immunol 2011; 271:197-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates have been associated with the development of osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ), but the lack of reliable epidemiological data and appropriate animal models has restricted our understanding of ONJ pathophysiology and limited its management. The best available information is from histopathologic findings, which implicate bone necrosis and infection, although it is not clear which is primary. However, there are data suggesting that macrophages could well be the central factor in allowing the infection to develop first, followed by local necrosis, which could also account for the development of ONJ in patients treated with denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody to the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. This review examines the evidence that macrophages could play a prominent role in development of ONJ and the proposal that it may be more appropriate to view ONJ as a drug and not only a bisphosphonate-related complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pazianas
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, The Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Headington, Oxford, UK.
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Miyazaki T, Miyauchi S, Anada T, Imaizumi H, Suzuki O. Evaluation of osteoclastic resorption activity using calcium phosphate coating combined with labeled polyanion. Anal Biochem 2010; 410:7-12. [PMID: 21078287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are involved in bone resorption, and its activation is considered one of the causes of osteoporosis. The pit assay is the principal method for evaluating osteoclast function by measuring hydroxyapatite resorption in vitro. However, the pit assay requires time and trained techniques, including the pit image analysis, and there is no other easy method for evaluating bone resorption. In this study, we developed a novel approach to quantify the bone resorption activity using a calcium phosphate (CaP) coating labeled with fluorescent polyanion. Fluoresceinamine-labeled chondroitin polysulfate or Hoechst 33258-labeled deoxyribonucleic acid was used for CaP labeling. When macrophage cell line RAW264 was cultured on the labeled CaP under the stimulation with the receptor activator of the NF-κB ligand (RANKL), RAW264 cells differentiated into osteoclastic cells and the fluorescence intensity of the culture supernatant and pit area increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, drugs for osteoporosis treatment, such as pamidronate and β-estradiol, inhibited fluorescein release by the cells stimulated with RANKL. A positive correlation between the fluorescence intensity and pit area was observed (r=0.917). These results indicated that this new method using fluorescent polyanion-labeled CaP is a standardized useful assay system for the evaluation of bone resorption activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Miyazaki
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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D'Amelio P, Grimaldi A, Cristofaro MA, Ravazzoli M, Molinatti PA, Pescarmona GP, Isaia GC. Alendronate reduces osteoclast precursors in osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2010; 21:1741-50. [PMID: 19949772 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-1129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study evaluates the effect of alendronate on osteoclastogenesis, cytokine production, and bone resorption in postmenopausal women. We suggest that it acts on mature bone resorbing osteoclasts after 3 months of treatment, whereas, after 1 year, it diminishes their formation by reducing their precursors and serum RANKL. INTRODUCTION Osteoclasts are the target cells of bisphosphonates, though the most drug-sensitive steps of their formation and activity have not been determined. The present study evaluates the effect of alendronate on osteoclastogenesis, cytokine production, and bone resorption in postmenopausal women. METHODS The study was conducted on 35 osteoporotic women; 15 were pretreated with alendronate 70 mg/week, whereas, 20 were treated with calcium 1 g/day and vitamin D 800 IU/day. After 3 months, 30 received alendonate 70/mg, vitamin D 2800 IU/week, and calcium 1 g/day for 12 months (combined therapy), whereas, the other five patients remained on calcium 1 g/day and vitamin D 800 IU/day. The following parameters were assessed before and after therapy: changes in bone resorption markers, circulating osteoclast precursors, formation of osteoclasts in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures, their viability, and variations in cytokines production. RESULTS After 3 months of alendronate, there was no significant reduction in the number of osteoclast precursors, osteoclast formation and viability, and cytokine levels, whereas, there was a significant reduction of bone resorption markers. One year of the combined therapy, on the other hand, reduced osteoclast precursors, osteoclast formation, and serum RANKL, whereas, calcium plus vitamin D alone had no effect. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that alendronate mainly acts on mature bone resorbing osteoclasts in the short term, whereas, its long-term administration diminishes their formation by reducing their precursors and serum RANKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D'Amelio
- Gerontology Section, Department of Surgical and Medical Disciplines, University of Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Saarto T, Vehmanen L, Virkkunen P, Blomqvist C. Ten-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of adjuvant clodronate treatment in node-positive breast cancer patients. Acta Oncol 2009; 43:650-6. [PMID: 15545185 DOI: 10.1080/02841860410032885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ten-year follow-up results are presented of an adjuvant clodronate trial in patients with primary breast cancer. Between 1990 and 1993, 299 women with primary node positive breast cancer were randomized to oral clodronate 1600 mg daily (149) or controls (150) for 3 years. All patients received adjuvant chemo- or endocrine therapy. Within 10 years bone metastases were detected at the same frequency in the clodronate and control groups: 44 (32%) vs. 42 (29%), respectively, (p=0.35). The frequency of non-skeletal recurrences (visceral and local) was significantly higher in the clodronate group 69 (50%) as compared with the controls 51 (36%) (p=0.005). Ten-year disease-free survival (DFS) remained significantly lower in the clodronate group (45% vs. 58%, p=0.01, respectively). This was especially seen in oestrogen receptor negative patients (25% vs. 58%, p=0.004, respectively). No significant overall survival difference was found between the groups. As previously reported 3-year adjuvant clodronate treatment did not prevent the development of bone metastases in node-positive breast cancer patients. A negative effect of clodronate on DFS by increasing the development of visceral metastases was still seen at 10 years, but this did not significantly compromise overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Saarto
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
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