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Li X, Wang Y, Zhao C, Tong L, Wang P, Liang J, Jiang Q, Fan Y, Zhang X, Sun Y. A facile Immunoregulatory Constructional Design by Proanthocyanidin Optimizing Directional Chitosan Microchannel. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310689. [PMID: 38421135 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Improving the interconnected structure and bioregulatory function of natural chitosan is beneficial for optimizing its performance in bone regeneration. Here, a facile immunoregulatory constructional design is proposed for developing instructive chitosan by directional freezing and alkaline salting out. The molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the assembly kinetics and structural features of various polyphenols and chitosan molecules. Along with the in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, promoting bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) adhesion and proliferation performance, proanthocyanidin optimizing chitosan (ChiO) scaffold presented an optimal immunoregulatory structure with the directional microchannel. Transcriptome analysis in vitro further revealed the cytoskeleton- and immune-regulation effect of ChiO are the key mechanism of action on BMSC. The rabbit cranial defect model (Φ = 10 mm) after 12 weeks of implantation confirmed the significantly enhanced bone reconstitution. This facile immunoregulatory directional microchannel design provides effective guidance for developing inducible chitosan scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Chengkun Zhao
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tong
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Peilei Wang
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- Sichuan Testing Center for Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qing Jiang
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yong Sun
- CAE/NAE, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29# Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
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Song H, Zhang J, Lou N, Jiang X, Cui Y, Liu J, Hu F, Jiao J, Pan C, Liu J, Wang Z, Shang D. Emodin nanocapsules inhibit acute pancreatitis by regulating lipid metabolic reprogramming in macrophage polarization. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155763. [PMID: 38820661 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emodin is a chemical compound found in traditional Chinese herbs. It possesses anti-inflammatory and many other pharmacological effects. Our previous study showed that emodin significantly alleviates the inflammation effect of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). However, its poor solubility, high toxicity and limited pancreas retention time hinder its clinical application. PURPOSE We aimed to prepare emodin nanocapsules with improved bioavailability to achieve the controlled release of emodin by targeting macrophages. Further, the mechanism of mannose-conjugated chitosan-coated lipid nanocapsules loaded with emodin (M-CS-E-LNC) in the treatment of SAP was explored. METHODS M-CS-E-LNC were prepared by the phase inversion method with slight modification. The expression of inflammation mediators and the anti-inflammation efficacy of M-CS-E-LNC were examined by ELISA, IHC and IF in macrophage cells and LPS-induced SAP mice. IVIS spectrum imaging and HPLC were applied to explore the controlled release of M-CS-E-LNC in the pancreas. LC-MS/MS was performed for lipidomics analysis of macrophages. Moreover, a vector-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) method was used to silence CTP1 gene expression in macrophage cells. RESULTS The levels of inflammatory mediators in macrophages were markedly decreased after treatment with M-CS-E-LNC. The same anti-inflammation effects were detected in SAP mouse through the analysis of serum levels of amylase, TNF-α and IL-6. Importantly, M-CS-E-LNC allowed the emodin to selectively accumulate at pancreas and gastrointestinal tissues, thus exhibiting a targeted release. Mechanistically, the M-CS-E-LNC treatment group showed up-regulated expression of the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) protein which promoted intracellular long-chain fatty acid transport, thereby promoting the M2 phenotype polarization of macrophages. CONCLUSION M-CS-E-LNC exhibited significantly improved bioavailability and water solubility, which translated to greater therapeutic effects on macrophage polarization. Our findings also demonstrate, for the first time, that CPT1 may be a new therapeutic target for SAP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Song
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ni Lou
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xinyue Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yuying Cui
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jinming Liu
- The Third Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Fenglin Hu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Juying Jiao
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Chen Pan
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhizhou Wang
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Dong Shang
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China; The Third Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China.
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Zhou L, Yu J, Wang S, Ma Y, Liu X, Zhang X, Luo Y, Wen S, Li L, Li W, Niu X. Tectoridin alleviates caerulein-induced severe acute pancreatitis by targeting ERK2 to promote macrophage M2 polarization. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109873. [PMID: 38141907 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with a high mortality rate. Macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis. Tectoridin (Tec) is a highly active isoflavone with anti-inflammatory pharmacological activity. However, the role of Tec in the SAP process is not known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of Tec on SAP. To establish SAP mice by intraperitoneal injection of caerulein and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the role of Tec in the course of SAP was investigated based on histopathology, biochemical indicators of amylase and lipase and inflammatory factors. The relationship between Tec and macrophage polarization was verified by immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. We then further predicted the possible targets and signal pathways of action of Tec by network pharmacology and molecular docking, and validated them by in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we demonstrated that Tec significantly reduced pancreatic injury in SAP mice, and decreased serum levels of amylase and lipase. The immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis showed that Tec promoted macrophage M2 polarization. Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted that Tec may target ERK2 for the treatment of SAP, and in vivo and in vitro experiments proved that Tec inhibited the ERK MAPK signal pathway. In summary, Tec can target ERK2, promote macrophage M2 polarization and attenuate pancreatic injury, Tec may be a potential drug for the treatment of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jinjin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yajing Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xinyao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xinya Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yuzhi Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Sha Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Lingli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Weifeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Xiaofeng Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
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Gong J, Xiong Z, Yu W, Song Z. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Acute Severe Pancreatitis and Promote Lung Repair via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome in Rat. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:135-147. [PMID: 38007702 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08189-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute severe pancreatitis (SAP) is a severe acute abdominal disease, which can lead to pancreatic infection and necrosis as well as distant organ damage. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can exert anti-inflammatory effect on SAP, while NLRP3 inflammasomes play an important role in the inflammatory response. This study aimed to investigate whether BMSCs exert anti-inflammatory effect on SAP by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. METHODS The rat SAP model was established. Serum amylase, lipase and inflammatory factor levels were measured by ELISA, and the level of tissue injury was assessed by HE staining. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome was detected by PCR, Western Blot and immunohistochemistry. ML385 was used to block Nrf2 pathway, aiming to investigate whether Nrf2 pathway was involved in the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on SAP by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome expression. RESULTS In SAP rats, NLRP3 inflammasome was activated, which became more evident over time. After transplantation of BMSCs, the NLRP3 inflammasome expression decreased at both mRNA and protein levels, the serum levels of amylase, lipase and inflammatory factors decreased, and the pathological scores of the pancreas and lung were both improved. After blocking the Nrf2 pathway, the NLRP3 inflammasome expression increased in the injured pancreas and lung, and the inflammation deteriorated, which inhibited the therapeutic effects of BMSCs on SAP. CONCLUSION The therapeutic effect of BMSC on SAP is at least partially ascribed to the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome, and Nrf2 pathway mediates the therapeutic effect of BMSC on SAP by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoming Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidi Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenshun Song
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072, Shanghai, China.
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Metabolic Fate of Orally Ingested Proanthocyanidins through the Digestive Tract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010017. [PMID: 36670878 PMCID: PMC9854439 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are oligomers or polymers of flavan-3ols with potent antioxidative activity, are well known to exert a variety of beneficial health effects. Nonetheless, their bioaccessibility and bioavailability have been poorly assessed. In this review, we focused on the metabolic fate of PACs through the digestive tract. When oligomeric and polymeric PACs are orally ingested, a large portion of the PACs reach the colon, where a small portion is subjected to microbial degradation to phenolic acids and valerolactones, despite the possibility that slight depolymerization of PACs occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Valerolactones, as microbiota-generated catabolites of PACs, may contribute to some of the health benefits of orally ingested PACs. The remaining portion interacts with gut microbiota, resulting in improved microbial diversity and, thereby, contributing to improved health. For instance, an increased amount of beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia muciniphila and butyrate-producing bacteria) could ameliorate host metabolic functions, and a lowered ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes at the phylum level could mitigate obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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