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Li J, Li K, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang H. Regulation mechanism of endochondral ossification in Rana zhenhaiensis during metamorphosis based on histomorphology and transcriptome analyses. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101286. [PMID: 38996694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Endochondral ossification plays a crucial role in the limb development of amphibians. This study explored the ossification sequence in the hindlimb of Rana zhenhaiensis tadpoles and the correlation between thyroid hormones (THs) and endochondral ossification via histomorphology and transcriptional analyses. Our results suggest that ossification of the femur and tibiofibula was initiated during the period of high THs activity (metamorphosis climax). In addition, the results of differentially expressed gene analyses in the hindlimb and tail showed that systemic factors, transcription factors, and locally secreted factors interacted with each other during the metamorphosis climax to regulate the occurrence of endochondral ossification. These results will enrich the morphological data of anurans and provide scientific reference for the evolutionary history of vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Kaiyue Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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2
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Nazurudeen J, Palati S, Sekaran S, Ganapathy D. Biocompatibility Evaluation of Ampicillin-Loaded Whitlockite for Bone Regeneration. Cureus 2024; 16:e61461. [PMID: 38953077 PMCID: PMC11214932 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Whitlockite (WH), a rare phosphate mineral within the apatite group, shows potential for bone regeneration owing to its superior composition and biocompatibility compared to hydroxyapatite. It can serve as a carrier for bioactive molecules, gradually releasing them to stimulate bone growth and expedite healing. This study aims to assess the biocompatibility of antibiotic-loaded WH, focusing on ampicillin, for bone regeneration applications. Methodology WH particles loaded with varying concentrations of ampicillin (10 and 25 mM) underwent biocompatibility assessments using the MTT assay. One gram of particles was incubated in 10 mL of culture medium for 24 and 48 hours. Experimental groups included control, WH, WH with ampicillin at 10 mM (WH+A10), WH with ampicillin at 25 mM (WH+A25), and positive control treated with 0.1% Triton X detergent. Subsequently, after a three-day culture period, RunX2 gene expression, indicative of osteoblastic differentiation, was quantified using real-time PCR analysis. Results Our research evaluated the bioactivity of WH particles treated with human osteoblastic cells using the MTT assay. While 10 mM ampicillin-loaded WH showed no significant difference in metabolic activity at both 24 and 48 hours, 25 mM ampicillin-loaded WH exhibited a slight reduction in metabolic activity at 24 hours, which normalized by 48 hours. Additionally, we assessed osteogenic potential and showed a significant increase in RunX2 expression with ampicillin-loaded WH, indicating sustained osteogenic properties. Conclusions Our study underscores the promising biocompatibility of WH particles by retaining their osteogenic properties even when, loaded with ampicillin, offering a potential avenue for future bone regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabeen Nazurudeen
- Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences , Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sinduja Palati
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences , Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences , Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Dhanraj Ganapathy
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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3
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Kaur G, Wu B, Murali S, Lanigan T, Coleman RM. A synthetic, closed-looped gene circuit for the autonomous regulation of RUNX2 activity during chondrogenesis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23484. [PMID: 38407380 PMCID: PMC10981937 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300348rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factor RUNX2 is a key regulator of chondrocyte phenotype during development, making it an ideal target for prevention of undesirable chondrocyte maturation in cartilage tissue-engineering strategies. Here, we engineered an autoregulatory gene circuit (cisCXp-shRunx2) that negatively controls RUNX2 activity in chondrogenic cells via RNA interference initiated by a tunable synthetic Col10a1-like promoter (cisCXp). The cisCXp-shRunx2 gene circuit is designed based on the observation that induced RUNX2 silencing after early chondrogenesis enhances the accumulation of cartilaginous matrix in ATDC5 cells. We show that the cisCXp-shRunx2 initiates RNAi of RUNX2 in maturing chondrocytes in response to the increasing intracellular RUNX2 activity without interfering with early chondrogenesis. The induced loss of RUNX2 activity in turn negatively regulates the gene circuit itself. Moreover, the efficacy of RUNX2 suppression from cisCXp-shRunx2 can be controlled by modifying the sensitivity of cisCXp promoter. Finally, we show the efficacy of inhibiting RUNX2 in preventing matrix loss in human mesenchymal stem cell-derived (hMSC-derived) cartilage under conditions that induce chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation, including inflammation. Overall, our results demonstrated that the negative modulation of RUNX2 activity with our autoregulatory gene circuit enhanced matrix synthesis and resisted ECM degradation by reprogrammed MSC-derived chondrocytes in response to the microenvironment of the degenerative joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurcharan Kaur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Biming Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sunjana Murali
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Lanigan
- Biomedical Research Vector Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rhima M. Coleman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Ferreira-Baptista C, Ferreira R, Fernandes MH, Gomes PS, Colaço B. Influence of the Anatomical Site on Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells' Biological Profile and Osteogenic Potential in Companion Animals. Vet Sci 2023; 10:673. [PMID: 38133224 PMCID: PMC10747344 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) have generated considerable interest in the field of veterinary medicine, particularly for their potential in therapeutic strategies focused on bone regeneration. These cells possess unique biological characteristics, including their regenerative capacity and their ability to produce bioactive molecules. However, it is crucial to recognize that the characteristics of ADSCs can vary depending on the animal species and the site from which they are derived, such as the subcutaneous and visceral regions (SCAT and VAT, respectively). Thus, the present work aimed to comprehensively review the different traits of ADSCs isolated from diverse anatomical sites in companion animals, i.e., dogs, cats, and horses, in terms of immunophenotype, morphology, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation potential. The findings indicate that the immunophenotype, proliferation, and osteogenic potential of ADSCs differ according to tissue origin and species. Generally, the proliferation rate is higher in VAT-derived ADSCs in dogs and horses, whereas in cats, the proliferation rate appears to be similar in both cells isolated from SCAT and VAT regions. In terms of osteogenic differentiation potential, VAT-derived ADSCs demonstrate the highest capability in cats, whereas SCAT-derived ADSCs exhibit superior potential in horses. Interestingly, in dogs, VAT-derived cells appear to have greater potential than those isolated from SCAT. Within the VAT, ADSCs derived from the falciform ligament and omentum show increased osteogenic potential, compared to cells isolated from other anatomical locations. Consequently, considering these disparities, optimizing isolation protocols becomes pivotal, tailoring them to the specific target species and therapeutic aims, and judiciously selecting the anatomical site for ADSC isolation. This approach holds promise to enhance the efficacy of ADSCs-based bone regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreira-Baptista
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- BoneLab—Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (M.H.F.); (P.S.G.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Rita Ferreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- BoneLab—Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (M.H.F.); (P.S.G.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Sousa Gomes
- BoneLab—Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (M.H.F.); (P.S.G.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
- CECAV—Animal and Veterinary Research Centre UTAD, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Piao M, Lee SH, Li Y, Choi JK, Yeo CY, Lee KY. Cyclophilin E (CypE) Functions as a Positive Regulator in Osteoblast Differentiation by Regulating the Transcriptional Activity of Runx2. Cells 2023; 12:2549. [PMID: 37947627 PMCID: PMC10648996 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilin E (CypE) belongs to the cyclophilin family and exhibits peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity. It participates in various biological processes through the regulation of peptidyl-prolyl isomerization. However, the specific role of CypE in osteoblast differentiation has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we first discovered the positive impact of CypE on osteoblast differentiation through gain or loss of function experiments. Mechanistically, CypE enhances the transcriptional activity of Runx2 through its PPIase activity. Furthermore, we identified the involvement of the Akt signaling pathway in CypE's function in osteoblast differentiation. Taken together, our findings indicate that CypE plays an important role in osteoblast differentiation as a positive regulator by increasing the transcriptional activity of Runx2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Piao
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (M.P.); (S.H.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (M.P.); (S.H.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuankuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (M.P.); (S.H.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Joong-Kook Choi
- Division of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-Ju 28644, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang-Yeol Yeo
- Department of Life Science and Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Woman’s University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (M.P.); (S.H.L.); (Y.L.)
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Zhang Y, He F, Zhang Q, Lu H, Yan S, Shi X. 3D-Printed Flat-Bone-Mimetic Bioceramic Scaffolds for Cranial Restoration. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0255. [PMID: 37899773 PMCID: PMC10603392 DOI: 10.34133/research.0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The limitations of autologous bone grafts necessitate the development of advanced biomimetic biomaterials for efficient cranial defect restoration. The cranial bones are typical flat bones with sandwich structures, consisting of a diploe in the middle region and 2 outer compact tables. In this study, we originally developed 2 types of flat-bone-mimetic β-tricalcium phosphate bioceramic scaffolds (Gyr-Comp and Gyr-Tub) by high-precision vat-photopolymerization-based 3-dimensional printing. Both scaffolds had 2 outer layers and an inner layer with gyroid pores mimicking the diploe structure. The outer layers of Gyr-Comp scaffolds simulated the low porosity of outer tables, while those of Gyr-Tub scaffolds mimicked the tubular pore structure in the tables of flat bones. The Gyr-Comp and Gyr-Tub scaffolds possessed higher compressive strength and noticeably promoted in vitro cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic activities compared with conventional scaffolds with cross-hatch structures. After implantation into rabbit cranial defects for 12 weeks, Gyr-Tub achieved the best repairing effects by accelerating the generation of bone tissues and blood vessels. This work provides an advanced strategy to prepare biomimetic biomaterials that fit the structural and functional needs of efficacious bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Zhang
- School of Electromechanical Engineering,
Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Fupo He
- School of Electromechanical Engineering,
Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering,
South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Lu
- Peking Union Medical College Graduate School, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Shengtao Yan
- Peking Union Medical College Graduate School, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
- Department of Emergency,
China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering,
South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
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7
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Kim HH, Jeong SH, Park MY, Bhosale PB, Abusaliya A, Kim HW, Seong JK, Ahn M, Park KI, Heo JD, Kim YS, Kim GS. Potential Joint Protective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Integrin α vβ 3 in IL-1β-Treated Chondrocytes Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2745. [PMID: 37893118 PMCID: PMC10603936 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In osteoarthritis (OA), the articular cartilage covering the articular surface of the bone wears out, exposing the subchondral bone, and the synovial membrane surrounding the joint becomes inflamed, causing pain and deformity. OA causes pain, stiffness, and swelling, and discomfort in the knee when climbing stairs is a typical symptom. Although drug development studies are conducted to treat these inflammatory joint diseases, it is difficult to find conclusive research results which could reduce inflammation and slow cartilage tear. The development of drugs to relieve inflammatory pain often utilizes inflammatory triggers. Interleukins, one of the proteins in the limelight as pro-inflammatory factors, are immune-system-stimulating factors that promote the body's fight against harmful factors such as bacteria. In this study, inflammation was induced in Chondrocytes cells (Chon-001 cells) with IL-1β and then treated with integrin αvβ3 to show anti-inflammatory and chondrogenesis effects. Integrin αvβ3 was not toxic to Chon-001 cells in any concentration groups treated with or without IL-1β. COX-2 and iNOS, which are major markers of inflammation, were significantly reduced by integrin αvβ3 treatment. Expressions of p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 corresponding to the MAPKs signaling pathway and p-IκBα and p-p65 corresponding to the NF-κB signaling pathway were also decreased in a dose-dependent manner upon integrin αvβ3 treatment, indicating that inflammation was inhibited, whereas treatment with integrin αvβ3 significantly increased the expression of ALP, RUNX2, BMP2, BMP4, Aggrecan, SOX9, and COL2A1, suggesting that osteogenesis and chondrogenesis were induced. These results suggest that integrin αvβ3 in-duces an anti-inflammatory effect, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis on IL-1β-induced Chon-001 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Hwan Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (S.H.J.); (M.Y.P.); (P.B.B.); (A.A.); (K.I.P.)
| | - Se Hyo Jeong
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (S.H.J.); (M.Y.P.); (P.B.B.); (A.A.); (K.I.P.)
| | - Min Yeong Park
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (S.H.J.); (M.Y.P.); (P.B.B.); (A.A.); (K.I.P.)
| | - Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (S.H.J.); (M.Y.P.); (P.B.B.); (A.A.); (K.I.P.)
| | - Abuyaseer Abusaliya
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (S.H.J.); (M.Y.P.); (P.B.B.); (A.A.); (K.I.P.)
| | - Hyun Wook Kim
- Division of Animal Bioscience & Intergrated Biotechnology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea;
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (S.H.J.); (M.Y.P.); (P.B.B.); (A.A.); (K.I.P.)
| | - Jeong Doo Heo
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science and Toxicology Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology Gyeongnam Branch (KIT), Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Sil Kim
- T-Stem Co., Ltd., Changwon 51573, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (S.H.J.); (M.Y.P.); (P.B.B.); (A.A.); (K.I.P.)
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Tantibhaedhyangkul W, Tantrapornpong J, Yutchawit N, Theerapanon T, Intarak N, Thaweesapphithak S, Porntaveetus T, Shotelersuk V. Dental characteristics of patients with four different types of skeletal dysplasias. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5827-5839. [PMID: 37548766 PMCID: PMC10560164 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal dysplasia (SD) comprises more than 450 separate disorders. We hypothesized that their dental features would be distinctive and investigated the tooth characteristics of four patients with different SDs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four SD patients with molecularly confirmed diagnoses, Pt-1 acromicric dysplasia, Pt-2 hypophosphatasia and hypochondroplasia, Pt-3 cleidocranial dysplasia, and Pt-4 achondroplasia, were recruited. A tooth from each patient was evaluated for mineral density (micro-computerized tomography), surface roughness (surface profilometer), microhardness, mineral contents (energy-dispersive X-ray), and ultrastructure (scanning electron microscopy and histology), and compared with three tooth-type matched controls. RESULTS Pt-1 and Pt-3 had several unerupted teeth. Pt-2 had an intact-root-exfoliated tooth at 2 years old. The lingual surfaces of the patients' teeth were significantly smoother, while their buccal surfaces were rougher, than controls, except for Pt-1's buccal surface. The patients' teeth exhibited deep grooves around the enamel prisms and rough intertubular dentin. Pt-3 demonstrated a flat dentinoenamel junction and Pt-2 had an enlarged pulp, barely detectable cementum layer, and ill-defined cemento-dentinal junction. Reduced microhardnesses in enamel, dentin, and both layers were observed in Pt-3, Pt-4, and Pt-1, respectively. Pt-1 showed reduced Ca/P ratio in dentin, while both enamel and dentin of Pt-2 and Pt-3 showed reduced Ca/P ratio. CONCLUSION Each SD has distinctive dental characteristics with changes in surface roughness, ultrastructure, and mineral composition of dental hard tissues. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this era of precision dentistry, identifying the specific potential dental problems for each patient with SD would help personalize dental management guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worasap Tantibhaedhyangkul
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jenjira Tantrapornpong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttanun Yutchawit
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Narin Intarak
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sermporn Thaweesapphithak
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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9
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Krajnović M, Kožik B, Božović A, Jovanović-Ćupić S. Multiple Roles of the RUNX Gene Family in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Their Potential Clinical Implications. Cells 2023; 12:2303. [PMID: 37759525 PMCID: PMC10527445 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent cancers in humans, characterised by a high resistance to conventional chemotherapy, late diagnosis, and a high mortality rate. It is necessary to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in hepatocarcinogenesis to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes. The Runt-related (RUNX) family of transcription factors (RUNX1, RUNX2, and RUNX3) participates in cardinal biological processes and plays paramount roles in the pathogenesis of numerous human malignancies. Their role is often controversial as they can act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors and depends on cellular context. Evidence shows that deregulated RUNX genes may be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis from the earliest to the latest stages. In this review, we summarise the topical evidence on the roles of RUNX gene family members in HCC. We discuss their possible application as non-invasive molecular markers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and development of novel treatment strategies in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bojana Kožik
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Vinča, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.K.); (A.B.); (S.J.-Ć.)
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10
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Hu G, Yu Y, Sharma D, Pruett-Miller SM, Ren Y, Zhang GF, Karner CM. Glutathione limits RUNX2 oxidation and degradation to regulate bone formation. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e166888. [PMID: 37432749 PMCID: PMC10543723 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are natural products of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and oxidative protein folding. ROS levels must be well controlled, since elevated ROS has been shown to have deleterious effects on osteoblasts. Moreover, excessive ROS is thought to underlie many of the skeletal phenotypes associated with aging and sex steroid deficiency in mice and humans. The mechanisms by which osteoblasts regulate ROS and how ROS inhibits osteoblasts are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that de novo glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis is essential in neutralizing ROS and establish a proosteogenic reduction and oxidation reaction (REDOX) environment. Using a multifaceted approach, we demonstrate that reducing GSH biosynthesis led to acute degradation of RUNX2, impaired osteoblast differentiation, and reduced bone formation. Conversely, reducing ROS using catalase enhanced RUNX2 stability and promoted osteoblast differentiation and bone formation when GSH biosynthesis was limited. Highlighting the therapeutic implications of these findings, in utero antioxidant therapy stabilized RUNX2 and improved bone development in the Runx2+/- haplo-insufficient mouse model of human cleidocranial dysplasia. Thus, our data establish RUNX2 as a molecular sensor of the osteoblast REDOX environment and mechanistically clarify how ROS negatively impacts osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yilin Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shondra M. Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yinshi Ren
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism Nutrition, and
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Courtney M. Karner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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11
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Doolittle ML, Saul D, Kaur J, Rowsey JL, Vos SJ, Pavelko KD, Farr JN, Monroe DG, Khosla S. Multiparametric senescent cell phenotyping reveals targets of senolytic therapy in the aged murine skeleton. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4587. [PMID: 37524694 PMCID: PMC10390564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence drives organismal aging, yet the deep characterization of senescent cells in vivo remains incomplete. Here, we apply mass cytometry by time-of-flight using carefully validated antibodies to analyze senescent cells at single-cell resolution. We use multiple criteria to identify senescent mesenchymal cells that are growth-arrested and resistant to apoptosis. These p16 + Ki67-BCL-2+ cells are highly enriched for senescence-associated secretory phenotype and DNA damage markers, are strongly associated with age, and their percentages are increased in late osteoblasts/osteocytes and CD24high osteolineage cells. Moreover, both late osteoblasts/osteocytes and CD24high osteolineage cells are robustly cleared by genetic and pharmacologic senolytic therapies in aged mice. Following isolation, CD24+ skeletal cells exhibit growth arrest, senescence-associated β-galactosidase positivity, and impaired osteogenesis in vitro. These studies thus provide an approach using multiplexed protein profiling to define senescent mesenchymal cells in vivo and identify specific skeletal cell populations cleared by senolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L Doolittle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Dominik Saul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department for Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Clinic, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Japneet Kaur
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jennifer L Rowsey
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Stephanie J Vos
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kevin D Pavelko
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Joshua N Farr
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - David G Monroe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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12
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Yuan W, Hu Y, Lu C, Zhang J, Liu Y, Li X, Jia K, Huang Y, Li Z, Chen X, Wang F, Yi X, Che X, Xiong H, Cheng B, Ma J, Zhao Y, Lu H. Propineb induced notochord deformity, craniofacial malformation, and osteoporosis in zebrafish through dysregulated reactive oxygen species generation. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106596. [PMID: 37290275 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamate (DTC) fungicides are contaminants that are ubiquitous in the environment. Exposure to DTC fungicides has been associated with a variety of teratogenic developmental effects. Propineb, a member of DTCs, was evaluated for the toxicological effects on notochord and craniofacial development, osteogenesis in zebrafish model. Embryos at 6 hours post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to propineb at dosages of 1 and 4 μM. Morphological parameters were evaluated at exposure times of 24, 48, 72, and 120 hpf after propineb exposure. The survival and hatching rates as well as body length decreased at 1 and 4 μmol/L groups. Besides, transgenic zebrafish exposed to propineb showed abnormal vacuole biogenesis in notochord cells at the early stage of development. The expression of collagen type 2 alpha 1a (col2a1a), sonic hedgehog (shh), and heat shock protein family B member 11 (hspb11) measured by quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization experiment of col8a1a gene have consolidated the proposal process. Besides, Alcian blue, calcein, and alizarin red staining profiles displayed craniofacial malformations and osteoporosis were induced following propineb exposure. PPB exposure induced the changes in oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species inhibitor alleviated the deformities of PPB. Collectively, our data suggested that propineb exposure triggered bone abnormalities in different phenotypes of zebrafish. Therefore, propineb is a potential toxicant of high priority concern for aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinran Li
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kun Jia
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zekun Li
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fei Wang
- The First Clinical College of Gannan Medical Uinversity, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaokun Yi
- The First Clinical College of Gannan Medical Uinversity, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaofang Che
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haibin Xiong
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinze Ma
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China..
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13
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Tani S, Okada H, Onodera S, Chijimatsu R, Seki M, Suzuki Y, Xin X, Rowe DW, Saito T, Tanaka S, Chung UI, Ohba S, Hojo H. Stem cell-based modeling and single-cell multiomics reveal gene-regulatory mechanisms underlying human skeletal development. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112276. [PMID: 36965484 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the skeleton is essential for locomotion, endocrine functions, and hematopoiesis, the molecular mechanisms of human skeletal development remain to be elucidated. Here, we introduce an integrative method to model human skeletal development by combining in vitro sclerotome induction from human pluripotent stem cells and in vivo endochondral bone formation by implanting the sclerotome beneath the renal capsules of immunodeficient mice. Histological and scRNA-seq analyses reveal that the induced bones recapitulate endochondral ossification and are composed of human skeletal cells and mouse circulatory cells. The skeletal cell types and their trajectories are similar to those of human embryos. Single-cell multiome analysis reveals dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility associated with multiple transcription factors constituting cell-type-specific gene-regulatory networks (GRNs). We further identify ZEB2, which may regulate the GRNs in human osteogenesis. Collectively, these results identify components of GRNs in human skeletal development and provide a valuable model for its investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Tani
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shoko Onodera
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Ryota Chijimatsu
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masahide Seki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Xiaonan Xin
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - David W Rowe
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Taku Saito
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ung-Il Chung
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan; Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hironori Hojo
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
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14
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Huan Y, Zhou D, Wu X, He X, Chen H, Li S, Jia B, Dou Y, Fei X, Wu S, Wei J, Fei Z, Xu T, Fei F. 3D bioprinted autologous bone particle scaffolds for cranioplasty promote bone regeneration with both implanted and native BMSCs. Biofabrication 2023; 15. [PMID: 36812580 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acbe21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Although autologous bone (AB) grafting is considered to be the gold standard for cranioplasty, unresolved problems remain, such as surgical-site infections and bone flap absorption. In this study, an AB scaffold was constructed via three-dimensional (3D) bedside-bioprinting technology and used for cranioplasty. To simulate the skull structure, a polycaprolactone shell was designed as an external lamina, and 3D-printed AB and a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) hydrogel was used to mimic cancellous bone for bone regeneration. Ourin vitroresults showed that the scaffold exhibited excellent cellular affinity and promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in both two-dimensional and 3D culture systems. The scaffold was implanted in beagle dog cranial defects for up to 9 months, and the scaffold promoted new bone and osteoid formation. Furtherin vivostudies indicated that transplanted BMSCs differentiated into vascular endothelium, cartilage, and bone tissues, whereas native BMSCs were recruited into the defect. The results of this study provide a method for bedside bioprinting of a cranioplasty scaffold for bone regeneration, which opens up another window for clinical applications of 3D printing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhi Zhou
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuquan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanzhong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Department of Precision Medicine and Healthcare, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Center for Bio-intelligent Manufacturing and Living Matter Bioprinting, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
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15
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Song X, Okabe K, Ohta Y, Ohara G, Toyama N, Chang Q, Wang Y, Hibi H. Family with sequence similarity 20 member B regulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on titanium surfaces. Acta Biomater 2023; 161:298-308. [PMID: 36871775 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful bone regeneration on titanium (Ti) surfaces is a key process in dental implant treatment. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are fundamental cellular components of this process, and their early recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation into bone-forming osteoblasts are crucial. A proteoglycan (PG)-rich layer has been reported to exist between Ti surfaces and bones; however, the molecules that could potentially affect the formation of this layer remain unknown. Family with sequence similarity 20 member B (FAM20B) is a newly identified kinase that regulates the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, an important component of the PG-rich layer. Because FAM20B is also closely associated with bone development, in this study, we examined the function of FAM20B in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs on Ti surfaces. For this, BMSC cell lines with knocked down FAM20B (shBMSCs) were cultured on Ti surfaces. The results showed that the depletion of FAM20B reduced the formation of a PG-rich layer between the Ti surfaces and cells. The shBMSCs exhibited downregulated expression of osteogenic marker genes (ALP and OCN) and decreased mineral deposition. Moreover, shBMSCs reduced the molecular levels of p-ERK1/2, which plays an important role in MSC osteogenesis. The nuclear translocation of RUNX2, an important transcription factor for osteogenic differentiation, on the Ti surfaces is inhibited by the depletion of FAM20B in BMSCs. Moreover, the depletion of FAM20B reduced the transcriptional activity of RUNX2, which is important in regulating the expression of osteogenic genes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bone healing and regeneration on implanted titanium surfaces is a cell-material interaction. Such an interaction is enabled by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and their early recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation into bone-forming osteoblasts are essential for bone healing and osseointegration. In this study, we found that the family with sequence similarity 20-B influenced the formation of a proteoglycan rich layer between BMSCs and the titanium surface and regulated the differentiation of BMSCs into bone-forming osteoblasts. We believe that our study contributes significantly to the further exploration of bone healing and osseointegration mechanisms on implanted titanium surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinman Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuto Okabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Yuya Ohta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Go Ohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Naoto Toyama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Qi Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hibi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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16
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Jia L, Li D, Wang YN, Zhang D, Xu X. PSAT1 positively regulates the osteogenic lineage differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through the ATF4/PSAT1/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin axis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:70. [PMID: 36732787 PMCID: PMC9893676 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are important seed cells for tissue engineering to realize the regeneration of alveolar bone. Understanding the gene regulatory mechanisms of osteogenic lineage differentiation in PDLSCs will facilitate PDLSC-based bone regeneration. However, these regulatory molecular signals have not been clarified. METHODS To screen potential regulators of osteogenic differentiation, the gene expression profiles of undifferentiated and osteodifferentiated PDLSCs were compared by microarray and bioinformatics methods, and PSAT1 was speculated to be involved in the gene regulation network of osteogenesis in PDLSCs. Lentiviral vectors were used to overexpress or knock down PSAT1 in PDLSCs, and then the proliferation activity, migration ability, and osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs in vitro were analysed. A rat mandibular defect model was built to analyse the regulatory effects of PSAT1 on PDLSC-mediated bone regeneration in vivo. The regulation of PSAT1 on the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signalling axis was analysed using the Akt phosphorylation inhibitor Ly294002 or agonist SC79. The potential sites on the promoter of PSAT1 that could bind to the transcription factor ATF4 were predicted and verified. RESULTS The microarray assay showed that the expression levels of 499 genes in PDLSCs were altered significantly after osteogenic induction. Among these genes, the transcription level of PSAT1 in osteodifferentiated PDLSCs was much lower than that in undifferentiated PDLSCs. Overexpressing PSAT1 not only enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation abilities of PDLSCs in vitro, but also promoted PDLSC-based alveolar bone regeneration in vivo, while knocking down PSAT1 had the opposite effects in PDLSCs. Mechanistic experiments suggested that PSAT1 regulated the osteogenic lineage fate of PDLSCs through the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signalling axis. PSAT1 expression in PDLSCs during osteogenic differentiation was controlled by transcription factor ATF4, which is realized by the combination of ATF4 and the PSAT1 promoter. CONCLUSION PSAT1 is a potential important regulator of the osteogenic lineage differentiation of PDLSCs through the ATF4/PSAT1/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signalling pathway. PSAT1 could be a candidate gene modification target for enhancing PDLSCs-based bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglu Jia
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China ,Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China ,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China ,Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China ,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China ,Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China ,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Dongjiao Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China. .,Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China. .,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China. .,Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China. .,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China.
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17
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Doolittle ML, Saul D, Kaur J, Rowsey JL, Vos SJ, Pavelko KD, Farr JN, Monroe DG, Khosla S. Multiparametric senescent cell phenotyping reveals CD24 osteolineage cells as targets of senolytic therapy in the aged murine skeleton. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.12.523760. [PMID: 36711531 PMCID: PMC9882155 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Senescence drives organismal aging, yet the deep characterization of senescent cells in vivo remains incomplete. Here, we applied mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) using carefully validated antibodies to analyze senescent cells at single-cell resolution. We used multiple criteria to identify senescent mesenchymal cells that were growth arrested and resistant to apoptosis (p16+/Ki67-/BCL-2+; "p16KB" cells). These cells were highly enriched for senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and DNA damage markers and were strongly associated with age. p16KB cell percentages were also increased in CD24+ osteolineage cells, which exhibited an inflammatory SASP in aged mice and were robustly cleared by both genetic and pharmacologic senolytic therapies. Following isolation, CD24+ skeletal cells exhibited growth arrest, SA-βgal positivity, and impaired osteogenesis in vitro . These studies thus provide a new approach using multiplexed protein profiling by CyTOF to define senescent mesenchymal cells in vivo and identify a highly inflammatory, senescent CD24+ osteolineage population cleared by senolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L. Doolittle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Dominik Saul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department for Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Clinic, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Japneet Kaur
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Rowsey
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Stephanie J. Vos
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kevin D. Pavelko
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Joshua N. Farr
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - David G. Monroe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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18
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The Osteogenic Potential of Falciform Ligament-Derived Stromal Cells-A Comparative Analysis between Two Osteogenic Induction Programs. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120810. [PMID: 36551016 PMCID: PMC9774535 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have gained special relevance in bone tissue regenerative applications. MSCs have been isolated from different depots, with adipose tissue being acknowledged as one of the most convenient sources, given the wide availability, high cellular yield, and obtainability. Recently, the falciform ligament (FL) has been regarded as a potential depot for adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (FL-ADSCs) isolation. Nonetheless, the osteogenic capability of FL-ADSCs has not been previously characterized. Thus, the present study aimed the detailed characterization of FL-ADSCs' functionality upon osteogenic induction through a classic (dexamethasone-based-DEX) or an innovative strategy with retinoic acid (RA) in a comparative approach with ADSCs from a control visceral region. Cultures were characterized for cell proliferation, metabolic activity, cellular morphology, fluorescent cytoskeletal and mitochondrial organization, and osteogenic activity-gene expression analysis and cytochemical staining. FL-derived populations expressed significantly higher levels of osteogenic genes and cytochemical markers, particularly with DEX induction, as compared to control ADSCs that were more responsive to RA. FL-ADSCs were identified as a potential source for bone regenerative applications, given the heightened osteogenic functionality. Furthermore, data highlighted the importance of the selection of the most adequate osteogenic-inducing program concerning the specificities of the basal cell population.
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19
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Guastaldi FPS, Matheus HR, Faloni APDS, de Almeida-Filho E, Cominotte MA, Moretti LAC, Verzola MHA, Marcantonio E, de Almeida JM, Guastaldi AC, Cirelli JA. A new multiphase calcium phosphate graft material improves bone healing-An in vitro and in vivo analysis. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:2686-2704. [PMID: 35779277 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the potential of a novel biomaterial synthesized from amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), and hydroxyapatite (HA) to repair critical-sized defects (CSD) in rabbit calvaria. In vitro analyses of cell viability, cell proliferation, formation of mineral nodules, and cell differentiation using qPCR were performed for comparing experimental calcium phosphate (ECP), deproteinized bovine bone (DBB), and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Bilateral CSDs were created in 45 rabbit calvaria. Six groups were evaluated: ECP, ECP + fibrin sealant (ECP + S), coagulum, autogenous bone, DBB, and β-TCP. Euthanasia was performed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, followed by micro-computed tomography and histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Results from in vitro analyses revealed similar biocompatibility for all tested materials and a tendency for higher gene expression of some bone markers in the ECP group than in β-TCP and DBB groups at 7 days. In contrast to that in DBB and β-TCP groups, ECP displayed growing bone volume over total volume percentage (BV/TV%) with time in vivo. Histological analysis revealed a greater number of giant cells and reduced size of grafted particles in ECP during all periods of analysis. RUNX-2 expression was statistically lower in ECP than DBB at 2 and 4 weeks. Despite no statistical significance, ECP presented the highest absolute values for ALP-expression at 2, 4, and 8 weeks compared with other groups. Together, our findings indicate that a combination of the ACP, OCP, and HA phases into ECP is beneficial and promising for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pozzi Semeghini Guastaldi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Henrique Rinaldi Matheus
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Souza Faloni
- Department of Health Sciences, University Center of Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson de Almeida-Filho
- Department of Physical Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Aline Cominotte
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia Alves Correa Moretti
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Elcio Marcantonio
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Guastaldi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joni Augusto Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Bahrami-Nejad Z, Zhang ZB, Tholen S, Sharma S, Rabiee A, Zhao ML, Kraemer FB, Teruel MN. Early enforcement of cell identity by a functional component of the terminally differentiated state. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001900. [PMID: 36469503 PMCID: PMC9721491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
How progenitor cells can attain a distinct differentiated cell identity is a challenging problem given the fluctuating signaling environment in which cells exist and that critical transcription factors are often not unique to a differentiation process. Here, we test the hypothesis that a unique differentiated cell identity can result from a core component of the differentiated state doubling up as a signaling protein that also drives differentiation. Using live single-cell imaging in the adipocyte differentiation system, we show that progenitor fat cells (preadipocytes) can only commit to terminally differentiate after up-regulating FABP4, a lipid buffer that is highly enriched in mature adipocytes. Upon induction of adipogenesis in mouse preadipocyte cells, we show that after a long delay, cells first abruptly start to engage a positive feedback between CEBPA and PPARG before then engaging, after a second delay, a positive feedback between FABP4 and PPARG. These sequential positive feedbacks both need to engage in order to drive PPARG levels past the threshold for irreversible differentiation. In the last step before commitment, PPARG transcriptionally increases FABP4 expression while fatty acid-loaded FABP4 increases PPARG activity. Together, our study suggests a control principle for robust cell identity whereby a core component of the differentiated state also promotes differentiation from its own progenitor state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahrami-Nejad
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Zhi-Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and the Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Stefan Tholen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Sanjeev Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and the Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Atefeh Rabiee
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Fredric B. Kraemer
- Department of Medicine/Division of Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Mary N. Teruel
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and the Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
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21
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Hwang WL, Jagadeesh KA, Guo JA, Hoffman HI, Yadollahpour P, Reeves JW, Mohan R, Drokhlyansky E, Van Wittenberghe N, Ashenberg O, Farhi SL, Schapiro D, Divakar P, Miller E, Zollinger DR, Eng G, Schenkel JM, Su J, Shiau C, Yu P, Freed-Pastor WA, Abbondanza D, Mehta A, Gould J, Lambden C, Porter CBM, Tsankov A, Dionne D, Waldman J, Cuoco MS, Nguyen L, Delorey T, Phillips D, Barth JL, Kem M, Rodrigues C, Ciprani D, Roldan J, Zelga P, Jorgji V, Chen JH, Ely Z, Zhao D, Fuhrman K, Fropf R, Beechem JM, Loeffler JS, Ryan DP, Weekes CD, Ferrone CR, Qadan M, Aryee MJ, Jain RK, Neuberg DS, Wo JY, Hong TS, Xavier R, Aguirre AJ, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Mino-Kenudson M, Castillo CFD, Liss AS, Ting DT, Jacks T, Regev A. Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptome profiling of pancreatic cancer identifies multicellular dynamics associated with neoadjuvant treatment. Nat Genet 2022; 54:1178-1191. [PMID: 35902743 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal and treatment-refractory cancer. Molecular stratification in pancreatic cancer remains rudimentary and does not yet inform clinical management or therapeutic development. Here, we construct a high-resolution molecular landscape of the cellular subtypes and spatial communities that compose PDAC using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and whole-transcriptome digital spatial profiling (DSP) of 43 primary PDAC tumor specimens that either received neoadjuvant therapy or were treatment naive. We uncovered recurrent expression programs across malignant cells and fibroblasts, including a newly identified neural-like progenitor malignant cell program that was enriched after chemotherapy and radiotherapy and associated with poor prognosis in independent cohorts. Integrating spatial and cellular profiles revealed three multicellular communities with distinct contributions from malignant, fibroblast and immune subtypes: classical, squamoid-basaloid and treatment enriched. Our refined molecular and cellular taxonomy can provide a framework for stratification in clinical trials and serve as a roadmap for therapeutic targeting of specific cellular phenotypes and multicellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Hwang
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Karthik A Jagadeesh
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jimmy A Guo
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah I Hoffman
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT MD/PhD and Health Sciences and Technology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Payman Yadollahpour
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Rahul Mohan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Orr Ashenberg
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Denis Schapiro
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine and Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - George Eng
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason M Schenkel
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Su
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carina Shiau
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Patrick Yu
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - William A Freed-Pastor
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Arnav Mehta
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua Gould
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Julia Waldman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Lan Nguyen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Toni Delorey
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Devan Phillips
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jaimie L Barth
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marina Kem
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clifton Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debora Ciprani
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge Roldan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Piotr Zelga
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vjola Jorgji
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan H Chen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zackery Ely
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jay S Loeffler
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David P Ryan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Colin D Weekes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Motaz Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin J Aryee
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna S Neuberg
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Wo
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik Xavier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Andrew S Liss
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Ting
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Jacks
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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22
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Zhou W, Bai Y, Chen J, Li H, Zhang B, Liu H. Revealing the Critical Regulators of Modulated Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerosis in Mice. Front Genet 2022; 13:900358. [PMID: 35677564 PMCID: PMC9168464 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.900358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There are still residual risks for atherosclerosis (AS)-associated cardiovascular diseases to be resolved. Considering the vital role of phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in AS, especially in calcification, targeting SMC phenotypic modulation holds great promise for clinical implications. Methods: To perform an unbiased and systematic analysis of the molecular regulatory mechanism of phenotypic switching of SMCs during AS in mice, we searched and included several publicly available single-cell datasets from the GEO database, resulting in an inclusion of more than 80,000 cells. Algorithms implemented in the Seurat package were used for cell clustering and cell atlas depiction. The pySCENIC and SCENIC packages were used to identify master regulators of interested cell groups. Monocle2 was used to perform pseudotime analysis. clusterProfiler was used for Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. Results: After dimensionality reduction and clustering, reliable annotation was performed. Comparative analysis between cells from normal artery and AS lesions revealed that three clusters emerged as AS progression, designated as mSMC1, mSMC2, and mSMC3. Transcriptional and functional enrichment analysis established a continuous transitional mode of SMCs’ transdifferentiation to mSMCs, which is further supported by pseudotime analysis. A total of 237 regulons were identified with varying activity scores across cell types. A potential core regulatory network was constructed for SMC and mSMC subtypes. In addition, module analysis revealed a coordinate regulatory mode of regulons for a specific cell type. Intriguingly, consistent with gain of ossification-related transcriptional and functional characteristics, a corresponding small set of regulators contributing to osteochondral reprogramming was identified in mSMC3, including Dlx5, Sox9, and Runx2. Conclusion: Gene regulatory network inference indicates a hierarchical organization of regulatory modules that work together in fine-tuning cellular states. The analysis here provides a valuable resource that can provide guidance for subsequent biological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhou
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyi Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqiao Chen
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Health Care, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbin Liu,
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23
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Comparison of Myosepta Development and Transcriptome Profiling between Blunt Snout Bream with and Tilapia without Intermuscular Bones. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121311. [PMID: 34943226 PMCID: PMC8698383 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The presence or absence of intermuscular bones (IBs) is directly related to the economic and edible value of fish. The specific regulatory mechanism of IB formation is not completely known yet. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms that regulate the formation of IBs based on histological analysis, transcriptome profiling, and gene expression quantification using M. amblycephala (with IBs) and O. niloticus (without IBs) as models. As a result, we identified several bone-related genes and elucidated their regulatory roles in the development of IBs. Abstract Intermuscular bones (IBs) are small spicule-like bones located in the myosepta of basal teleosts, which negatively affect the edibleness and economic value of fish. Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala, with epineural and epipleural IBs) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, without epineural and epipleural IBs) are two major aquaculture species and ideal models for studying the formation mechanisms of fish IBs. Here, we compared myosepta development between M. amblycephala and O. niloticus, based on histological analysis, transcriptome profiling, and expression analysis of bone-related genes. The histological results showed that dye condensation began to appear in the myosepta 20 days post hatching (dph) in M. amblycephala, and IBs could be clearly observed 50 dph in the myosepta, based on different staining methods. However, in O. niloticus, dye condensation was not observed in the myosepta from 10 to 60 dph. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at different developmental stages were screened by comparing the transcriptomes of M. amblycephala and O. niloticus, and KEGG analysis demonstrated that these DEGs were enriched in many bone-related pathways, such as focal adhesion, calcium, and Wnt signaling pathways. Quantitative PCR was performed to further compare the expression levels of some bone-related genes (scxa, scxb, runx2a, runx2b, bgp, sp7, col1a2, entpd5a, entpd5b, phex, alpl, and fgf23). All the tested genes (except for alpl) exhibited higher expression levels in M. amblycephala than in O. niloticus. A comparison of the dorsal and abdominal muscle tissues between the two species also revealed significant expression differences for most of the tested genes. The results suggest that scxa, scxb, runx2a, runx2b, entpd5a, col1a2, and bgp may play important roles in IB development. Our findings provide some insights into the molecular mechanisms of IB formation, as well as clues for further functional analysis of the identified genes to better understand the development of IBs.
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24
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Tamaddon M, Blunn G, Xu W, Alemán Domínguez ME, Monzón M, Donaldson J, Skinner J, Arnett TR, Wang L, Liu C. Sheep condyle model evaluation of bone marrow cell concentrate combined with a scaffold for repair of large osteochondral defects. Bone Joint Res 2021; 10:677-689. [PMID: 34665001 PMCID: PMC8559972 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1010.bjr-2020-0504.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Minimally manipulated cells, such as autologous bone marrow concentrates (BMC), have been investigated in orthopaedics as both a primary therapeutic and augmentation to existing restoration procedures. However, the efficacy of BMC in combination with tissue engineering is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the addition of BMC to an osteochondral scaffold is safe and can improve the repair of large osteochondral defects when compared to the scaffold alone. Methods The ovine femoral condyle model was used. Bone marrow was aspirated, concentrated, and used intraoperatively with a collagen/hydroxyapatite scaffold to fill the osteochondral defects (n = 6). Tissue regeneration was then assessed versus the scaffold-only group (n = 6). Histological staining of cartilage with alcian blue and safranin-O, changes in chondrogenic gene expression, microCT, peripheral quantitative CT (pQCT), and force-plate gait analyses were performed. Lymph nodes and blood were analyzed for safety. Results The results six months postoperatively showed that there were no significant differences in bone regrowth and mineral density between BMC-treated animals and controls. A significant upregulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) for types I and II collagens in the BMC group was observed, but there were no differences in the formation of hyaline-like cartilage between the groups. A trend towards reduced sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) breakdown was detected in the BMC group but this was not statistically significant. Functional weightbearing was not affected by the inclusion of BMC. Conclusion Our results indicated that the addition of BMC to scaffold is safe and has some potentially beneficial effects on osteochondral-tissue regeneration, but not on the functional endpoint of orthopaedic interest. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(10):677–689.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tamaddon
- Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | | | - Mario Monzón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - James Donaldson
- Knee and Hip Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London, UK
| | - John Skinner
- Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London, UK.,Knee and Hip Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London, UK
| | - Timothy R Arnett
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chaozong Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London, UK
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Swetha S, Balagangadharan K, Lavanya K, Selvamurugan N. Three-dimensional-poly(lactic acid) scaffolds coated with gelatin/magnesium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100282. [PMID: 34424602 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of critical-sized bone defects has progressively evolved over the years from metallic implants to more ingenious three-dimensional-based scaffolds. The use of three-dimensional scaffolds for bone regeneration from biodegradable polymers like poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is gaining popularity. Scaffolds with surface functionalization using gelatin (Gel) have the advantages of biocompatibility and cell adhesion. Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) is one of the most promising implant materials utilized in orthopaedics. The osteogenic potential of the nHAp can be improved by the substitution of magnesium (Mg) ions onto the crystal lattice of nHAp. Thus, the goal of this work was to make three-dimensional-PLA scaffolds covered with Gel/Mg-nHAp for osteogenic effect. METHODS AND RESULTS The designed three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds were attributed to various characterizations for the examination of their physicochemical, mechanical properties, cyto-compatibility, and biodegradability as well as their ability to promote osteogenesis in vitro. Mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) were cytocompatible with these scaffolds. The osteogenic potential of three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds employing mMSCs was validated at the cellular and molecular levels. The three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds stimulated the differentiation of mMSCs towards osteoblastic lineage. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, we suggest that the three-dimensional-PLA/Gel/Mg-nHAp scaffolds' osteogenic capability may be advantageous in the mending of bone defects in orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Swetha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalimuthu Balagangadharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnaraj Lavanya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Jafary F, Vaezifar S. Immobilization of Alkaline Phosphatase onto Chitosan Nanoparticles: a Novel Therapeutic Approach in Bone Tissue Engineering. BIONANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-021-00886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Reconstruction Using Free Vascularized Fibular Grafts after Wide Resection of Humerus Chondrosarcoma in a Patient with Cleidocranial Dysplasia. Case Rep Orthop 2021; 2021:2302879. [PMID: 33747589 PMCID: PMC7960051 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2302879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleidocranial dysplasia is characterized by hypoplasia of the clavicles, unerupted teeth, narrow pelvis, short stature, and craniofacial malformations. A cause of this skeletal dysplasia is heterozygous mutations of the runt-related transcription factor 2 gene (Runx2), a master regulator for bone and cartilage development. Chondrosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor that is usually treated by wide resection surgery. This report shows a case of a 25-year-old female patient with cleidocranial dysplasia who was affected with chondrosarcoma of the left humerus. We performed wide resection of the tumor and reconstruction of the large bone defect of the humerus using free vascularized fibular grafts. The patient preserved the hand function and activity of daily life as the same level as preoperative condition more than five years after the surgery.
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LncRNA Mrhl orchestrates differentiation programs in mouse embryonic stem cells through chromatin mediated regulation. Stem Cell Res 2021; 53:102250. [PMID: 33662735 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been well-established to act as regulators and mediators of development and cell fate specification programs. LncRNA Mrhl (meiotic recombination hotspot locus) has been shown to act in a negative feedback loop with WNT signaling to regulate male germ cell meiotic commitment. In our current study, we have addressed the role of Mrhl in development and differentiation using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) as our model system of study. Mrhl is a nuclear-localized, chromatin-bound lncRNA with moderately stable expression in mESCs. Transcriptome analyses and loss-of-function phenotype studies revealed dysregulation of developmental processes, lineage-specific transcription factors and key networks along with aberrance in specification of early lineages during differentiation of mESCs. Genome-wide chromatin occupancy studies suggest regulation of chromatin architecture at key target loci through triplex formation. Our studies thus reveal a role for lncRNA Mrhl in regulating differentiation programs in mESCs in the context of appropriate cues through chromatin-mediated responses.
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Zhao YZ, Chen R, Xue PP, Luo LZ, Zhong B, Tong MQ, Chen B, Yao Q, Yuan JD, Xu HL. Magnetic PLGA microspheres loaded with SPIONs promoted the reconstruction of bone defects through regulating the bone mesenchymal stem cells under an external magnetic field. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 122:111877. [PMID: 33641893 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been presented to regulate the migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under magnetic field (MF). However, the toxicity and short residence for the massively exposed SPIONs at bone defects compromises their practical application. Herein, SPIONs were encapsulated into PLGA microspheres to overcome these shortcomings. Three types of PLGA microspheres (PFe-I, PFe-II and PFe-III) were prepared by adjusting the feeding amount of SPIONs, in which the practical SPIONs loading amounts was 1.83%, 1.38% and 1.16%, respectively. The average diameter of the fabricated microspheres ranged from 160 μm to 200 μm, having the porous and rough surfaces displayed by SEM. Moreover, they displayed the magnetic property with a saturation magnetization of 0.16 emu/g. In vitro cell studies showed that most of BMSCs were adhered on the surface of PFe-II microspheres after 2 days of co-culture. Moreover, the osteoblasts differentiation of BMSCs was significantly promoted by PFe-II microspheres after 2 weeks of co-culture, as shown by detecting osteogenesis-related proteins expressions of ALP, COLI, OPN and OCN. Afterward, PFe-II microspheres were surgically implanted into the defect zone of rat femoral bone, followed by exposure to an external MF, to evaluate their bone repairing effect in vivo. At 6th week after treatment with PFe-II + MF, the bone mineral density (BMD, 263.97 ± 25.99 mg/cm3), trabecular thickness (TB.TH, 0.58 ± 0.08 mm), and bone tissue volume/total tissue volume (BV/TV, 78.28 ± 5.01%) at the defect zone were markedly higher than that of the PFe-II microspheres alone (BMD, 194.34 ± 26.71 mg/cm3; TB.TH, 0.41 ± 0.07 mm; BV/TV, 50.49 ± 6.41%). Moreover, the higher expressions of ALP, COLI, OPN and OCN in PFe-II + MF group were displayed in the repairing bone. Collectively, magnetic PLGA microspheres together with MF may be a promising strategy for repairing bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Peng-Peng Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Lan-Zi Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Bin Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Meng-Qi Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325000, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325000, China
| | - Jian-Dong Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Lin Xu
- Department of Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325000, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
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Jasuja H, Kar S, Katti DR, Katti K. Perfusion bioreactor enabled fluid-derived shear stress conditions for novel bone metastatic prostate cancer testbed. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33418550 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abd9d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Critical understanding of the complex metastatic cascade of prostate cancer is necessary for the development of a therapeutic interventions for treating metastatic prostate cancer. Increasing evidence supports the synergistic role of biochemical and biophysical cues in cancer progression at metastases. The biochemical factors such as cytokines have been extensively studied in relation to prostate cancer progression to the bone; however, the role of shear stress-induced by interstitial fluid around bone extracellular matrix has not been fully explored as a driving factor for prostate cancer metastasis. Shear stress governs various cellular processes, including cell proliferation and migration. Thus, it is essential to understand the impact of fluid-derived shear stress on the aggressiveness of prostate cancer at the metastatic stage. Here, we report development of a three-dimensional (3D) in-vitro dynamic cell culture system to recapitulate the microenvironment of prostate cancer bone metastasis, to understand the cause of modulation in cell response under fluid-derived shear stress. We observed an increased human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) proliferation and differentiation rate under dynamic culture. We observed that hMSCs under static culture form cell agglutinates, whereas under dynamic culture, hMSCs exhibited a directional alignment with broad and flattened morphology. Next, we observed increased expression of mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) biomarkers in bone metastasized prostate cancer models as well as large changes in cellular and tumoroid morphologies with shear stress. Evaluation of cell adhesion proteins indicated that the altered cancer cell morphologies resulted from the constant force pulling due to increased E-Cadherin and phosphorylated Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) proteins under shear stress. Collectively, we have successfully developed a 3D in-vitro dynamic model to recapitulate the behavior of bone metastatic prostate cancer under dynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneesh Jasuja
- North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105, UNITED STATES
| | - Sumanta Kar
- North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58108-6050, UNITED STATES
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, Fargo, North Dakota, 58108-6050, UNITED STATES
| | - Kalpana Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105, UNITED STATES
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Lau LY, Nguyen LT, Reverter A, Moore SS, Lynn A, McBride‐Kelly L, Phillips‐Rose L, Plath M, Macfarlane R, Vasudivan V, Morton L, Ardley R, Ye Y, Fortes MRS. Gene regulation could be attributed to TCF3 and other key transcription factors in the muscle of pubertal heifers. Vet Med Sci 2020; 6:695-710. [PMID: 32432381 PMCID: PMC7738712 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Puberty is a whole-body event, driven by the hypothalamic integration of peripheral signals such as leptin or IGF-1. In the process of puberty, reproductive development is simultaneous to growth, including muscle growth. To enhance our understanding of muscle function related to puberty, we performed transcriptome analyses of muscle samples from six pre- and six post-pubertal Brahman heifers (Bos indicus). Our aims were to perform differential expression analyses and co-expression analyses to derive a regulatory gene network associate with puberty. As a result, we identified 431 differentially expressed (DEx) transcripts (genes and non-coding RNAs) when comparing pre- to post-pubertal average gene expression. The DEx transcripts were compared with all expressed transcripts in our samples (over 14,000 transcripts) for functional enrichment analyses. The DEx transcripts were associated with "extracellular region," "inflammatory response" and "hormone activity" (adjusted p < .05). Inflammatory response for muscle regeneration is a necessary aspect of muscle growth, which is accelerated during puberty. The term "hormone activity" may signal genes that respond to progesterone signalling in the muscle, as the presence of this hormone is an important difference between pre- and post-pubertal heifers in our experimental design. The DEx transcript with the highest average expression difference was a mitochondrial gene, ENSBTAG00000043574 that might be another important link between energy metabolism and puberty. In the derived co-expression gene network, we identified six hub genes: CDC5L, MYC, TCF3, RUNX2, ATF2 and CREB1. In the same network, 48 key regulators of DEx transcripts were identified, using a regulatory impact factor metric. The hub gene TCF3 was also a key regulator. The majority of the key regulators (22 genes) are members of the zinc finger family, which has been implicated in bovine puberty in other tissues. In conclusion, we described how puberty may affect muscle gene expression in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yieng Lau
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Loan T. Nguyen
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Antonio Reverter
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodQueensland Biosciences PrecinctBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Stephen S. Moore
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Aaron Lynn
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Liam McBride‐Kelly
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Louis Phillips‐Rose
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Mackenzie Plath
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Rhys Macfarlane
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Vanisha Vasudivan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Lachlan Morton
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Ryan Ardley
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Yunan Ye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Marina R. S. Fortes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
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Guo S, Liu N, Liu K, Li Y, Zhang W, Zhu B, Gu B, Wen N. Effects of carbon and nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation on bioactivity of zirconia. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35917-35929. [PMID: 35517098 PMCID: PMC9056952 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05853j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Zirconia is considered the most promising alternative material to titanium implants. However, zirconia is a biologically inert material and its surface modification is essential to obtain efficient osseointegration. Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is a controllable and flexible approach that constructs functional groups on the surface of biomaterials and enhances osteogenic ability of host osteoclast cells. Zirconia disks were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 50/group): (1) Blank, (2) C60N0, (3) C60N6, and (4) C60N18. Carbon and nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation on zirconia (C and N2-PIII) surface modification was completed with the corresponding parameters. When zirconia was modified by carbon and nitrogen plasma implantation, a new chemical structure was formed on the material surface while the surface roughness of the material remained unaltered. The nitrogen-containing functional groups with high potential were introduced but the bulk crystal structure of zirconia was not changed, indicating that the stability of zirconia was not affected. In vitro data showed that zirconia with high surface potential promoted adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. C60N6 was found to be superior to the other groups. Our results demonstrate that a zirconia surface modified by C and N2-PIII can introduce desirable nitrogen functional groups and create a suitable extracellular environment to promote BMSCs biological activity. Taken together, these results suggest that C and N2-PIII modified zirconia is a promising material for use in the field of medical implantation. Zirconia is considered the most promising alternative material to titanium implants.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District Beijing 100853 China + (86) 010 66937947.,Department of Stomatology, Beijing Railway Construction Hospital, China Railway Construction Corporation 40 Fuxing Road, Haidian District Beijing 100855 China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital Sanya 572013 Hainan Province China
| | - Ke Liu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District Beijing 100853 China + (86) 010 66937947
| | - Wei Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District Beijing 100853 China + (86) 010 66937947
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District Beijing 100853 China + (86) 010 66937947
| | - Ning Wen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District Beijing 100853 China + (86) 010 66937947
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Berkmann JC, Herrera Martin AX, Pontremoli C, Zheng K, Bucher CH, Ellinghaus A, Boccaccini AR, Fiorilli S, Vitale Brovarone C, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K. In Vivo Validation of Spray-Dried Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Microspheres Acting as Prolonged Local Release Systems for BMP-2 to Support Bone Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090823. [PMID: 32872353 PMCID: PMC7559713 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a known key mediator of physiological bone regeneration and is clinically approved for selected musculoskeletal interventions. Yet, broad usage of this growth factor is impeded due to side effects that are majorly evoked by high dosages and burst release kinetics. In this study, mesoporous bioactive glass microspheres (MBGs), produced by an aerosol-assisted spray-drying scalable process, were loaded with BMP-2 resulting in prolonged, low-dose BMP-2 release without affecting the material characteristics. In vitro, MBGs were found to be cytocompatible and to induce a pro-osteogenic response in primary human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In a pre-clinical rodent model, BMP-2 loaded MBGs significantly enhanced bone formation and influenced the microarchitecture of newly formed bone. The MBG carriers alone performed equal to the untreated (empty) control in most parameters tested, while additionally exerting mild pro-angiogenic effects. Using MBGs as a biocompatible, pro-regenerative carrier for local and sustained low dose BMP-2 release could limit side effects, thus enabling a safer usage of BMP-2 as a potent pro-osteogenic growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C. Berkmann
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aaron X. Herrera Martin
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlotta Pontremoli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.P.); (S.F.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.Z.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Christian H. Bucher
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Agnes Ellinghaus
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.Z.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Sonia Fiorilli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.P.); (S.F.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Chiara Vitale Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy; (C.P.); (S.F.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Georg N. Duda
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius-Wolff-Institut, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.C.B.); (A.X.H.M.); (C.H.B.); (G.N.D.)
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)30-450659209
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Yu W, Zheng Y, Li H, Lin H, Chen Z, Tian Y, Chen H, Zhang P, Xu X, Shen Y. The Toll-like receptor ligand, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, regulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:327. [PMID: 32795334 PMCID: PMC7427903 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the regulation of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 cells. METHODS The laser co-focusing and flow cytometry assay were employed to detect cell uptake of CpG ODN 2006. Twelve ODNs were sythesized, and their effects on proliferation and differentiation were detected by MTT and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. Flow cytometry assay was used to examine the regulation of CpG ODN on cell cycle. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to evaluate the regulation of CpG ODN on mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic differentiation genes. RESULTS The phosphorothioate CpG ODN 2006 could efficiently enter the MC3T3 cells in 1 h and locate in the cytoplasm. The MTT assay demonstrated CpG ODNs could promote MC3T3 cell proliferation and differentiation in the early stage, and gradually attenuated along with the increase of treating time, except for BW001 and FC001. qRT-PCR assay demonstrated that all the 12 CpG ODNs could promote the relative expression level of osteogenic differentiated genes, SP7 and OCN. In addition, western blot analysis suggested the CpG ODNs of BW001 and FC001 could increase the protein expression of P27Kip1 and Runx2 and decrease the protein expression of cyclin D1. CONCLUSION The selected CpGODNs may be a potential gene therapy for bone regeneration of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction; Tianjin Stomatological Hospital; Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, 75 Dagu North Road, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Hongbing Lin
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Huishan Chen
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Periodontics, School and hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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Identification and Functional Annotation of Genes Related to Horses' Performance: From GWAS to Post-GWAS. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10071173. [PMID: 32664293 PMCID: PMC7401650 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is assumed that the athletic performance of horses is influenced by a large number of genes; however, to date, not many genomic studies have been performed to identify candidate genes. In this study we performed a systematic review of genome-wide association studies followed by functional analyses aiming to identify the most candidate genes for horse performance. We were successful in identifying 669 candidate genes, from which we built biological process networks. Regulatory elements (transcription factors, TFs) of these genes were identified and used to build a gene–TF network. Genes and TFs presented in this study are suggested to play a role in the studied traits through biological processes related with exercise performance, for example, positive regulation of glucose metabolism, regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production, skeletal system development, cellular response to fatty acids and cellular response to lipids. In general, this study may provide insights into the genetic architecture underlying horse performance in different breeds around the world. Abstract Integration of genomic data with gene network analysis can be a relevant strategy for unraveling genetic mechanisms. It can be used to explore shared biological processes between genes, as well as highlighting transcription factors (TFs) related to phenotypes of interest. Unlike other species, gene–TF network analyses have not yet been well applied to horse traits. We aimed to (1) identify candidate genes associated with horse performance via systematic review, and (2) build biological processes and gene–TF networks from the identified genes aiming to highlight the most candidate genes for horse performance. Our systematic review considered peer-reviewed articles using 20 combinations of keywords. Nine articles were selected and placed into groups for functional analysis via gene networks. A total of 669 candidate genes were identified. From that, gene networks of biological processes from each group were constructed, highlighting processes associated with horse performance (e.g., regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by vasopressin and regulation of actin polymerization and depolymerization). Transcription factors associated with candidate genes were also identified. Based on their biological processes and evidence from the literature, we identified the main TFs related to horse performance traits, which allowed us to construct a gene–TF network highlighting TFs and the most candidate genes for horse performance.
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Chen P, Li L, Dong L, Wang S, Huang Z, Qian Y, Wang C, Liu W, Yang L. Gradient Biomineralized Silk Fibroin Nanofibrous Scaffold with Osteochondral Inductivity for Integration of Tendon to Bone. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 7:841-851. [PMID: 33715375 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enthesis injury repair remains a huge challenge because of the unique biomolecular composition, microstructure, and mechanics in the interfacial region. Surgical reconstruction often creates new bone-scaffold interfaces with mismatched properties, resulting in poor osseointegration. To mimic the natural interface tissue structures and properties, we fabricated a nanofibrous scaffold with gradient mineral coating based on 10 × simulated body fluid (SBF) and silk fibroin (SF). We then characterized the physicochemical properties of the scaffold and evaluated its biological functions both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that different areas of SF nanofibrous scaffold had varying levels of mineralization with disparate mechanical properties and had different effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell growth and differentiation. Furthermore, the gradient scaffolds exhibited an enhancement of integration in the tendon-to-bone interface with a higher ultimate load and more fibrocartilage-like tissue formation. These findings demonstrate that the silk-based nanofibrous scaffold with gradient mineral coating can regulate the formation of interfacial tissue and has the potential to be applied in interface tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Linhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Lili Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Sixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yuna Qian
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials & Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, P. R. China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Wanqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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Kuriki M, Sato F, Arai HN, Sogabe M, Kaneko M, Kiyonari H, Kawakami K, Yoshimoto Y, Shukunami C, Sehara-Fujisawa A. Transient and lineage-restricted requirement of Ebf3 for sternum ossification. Development 2020; 147:147/9/dev186239. [PMID: 32398354 PMCID: PMC7240299 DOI: 10.1242/dev.186239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts arise from bone-surrounding connective tissue containing tenocytes and fibroblasts. Lineages of these cell populations and mechanisms of their differentiation are not well understood. Screening enhancer-trap lines of zebrafish allowed us to identify Ebf3 as a transcription factor marking tenocytes and connective tissue cells in skeletal muscle of embryos. Knockout of Ebf3 in mice had no effect on chondrogenesis but led to sternum ossification defects as a result of defective generation of Runx2+ pre-osteoblasts. Conditional and temporal Ebf3 knockout mice revealed requirements of Ebf3 in the lateral plate mesenchyme cells (LPMs), especially in tendon/muscle connective tissue cells, and a stage-specific Ebf3 requirement at embryonic day 9.5-10.5. Upregulated expression of connective tissue markers, such as Egr1/2 and Osr1, increased number of Islet1+ mesenchyme cells, and downregulation of gene expression of the Runx2 regulator Shox2 in Ebf3-deleted thoracic LPMs suggest crucial roles of Ebf3 in the onset of lateral plate mesoderm differentiation towards osteoblasts forming sternum tissues. Highlighted Article: Analysis of conditional and temporal knockout mice reveals roles of Ebf3 in the differentiation of lateral plate mesenchymal cells towards pre-osteoblasts during sternum ossification at the boundary of the lateral and somitic mesoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Kuriki
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki N Arai
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Maina Sogabe
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mari Kaneko
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,Department of Muscle Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Research Team for Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Chisa Shukunami
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Komori T. Molecular Mechanism of Runx2-Dependent Bone Development. Mol Cells 2020; 43:168-175. [PMID: 31896233 PMCID: PMC7057844 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Runx2 is an essential transcription factor for skeletal development. It is expressed in multipotent mesenchymal cells, osteoblast-lineage cells, and chondrocytes. Runx2 plays a major role in chondrocyte maturation, and Runx3 is partly involved. Runx2 regulates chondrocyte proliferation by directly regulating Ihh expression. It also determines whether chondrocytes become those that form transient cartilage or permanent cartilage, and functions in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Runx2 is essential for osteoblast differentiation and is required for the proliferation of osteoprogenitors. Ihh is required for Runx2 expression in osteoprogenitors, and hedgehog signaling and Runx2 induce the differentiation of osteoprogenitors to preosteoblasts in endochondral bone. Runx2 induces Sp7 expression, and Runx2, Sp7, and canonical Wnt signaling are required for the differentiation of preosteoblasts to immature osteoblasts. It also induces the proliferation of osteoprogenitors by directly regulating the expression of Fgfr2 and Fgfr3. Furthermore, Runx2 induces the proliferation of mesenchymal cells and their commitment into osteoblast-lineage cells through the induction of hedgehog (Gli1, Ptch1, Ihh), Fgf (Fgfr2, Fgfr3), Wnt (Tcf7, Wnt10b), and Pthlh (Pth1r) signaling pathway gene expression in calvaria, and more than a half-dosage of Runx2 is required for their expression. This is a major cause of cleidocranial dysplasia, which is caused by heterozygous mutation of RUNX2. Cbfb, which is a co-transcription factor that forms a heterodimer with Runx2, enhances DNA binding of Runx2 and stabilizes Runx2 protein by inhibiting its ubiquitination. Thus, Runx2/Cbfb regulates the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes and osteoblast-lineage cells by activating multiple signaling pathways and via their reciprocal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihisa Komori
- Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
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Chen G, Zhang X, Chen H, Lin H, Wu H, Lin H, Huang G. miR‐22 represses osteoblast viability with ESR1 presenting a direct target and indirectly inactivating p38 MAPK/JNK signaling. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3174. [PMID: 32056303 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guang‐Hua Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong China
| | - Xin‐Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of PharmacyGuangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong China
| | - Hao‐Jun Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong China
| | - Gui‐Zhi Huang
- Department of OrthopedicsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong China
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Molla MDS, Katti DR, Iswara J, Venkatesan R, Paulmurugan R, Katti KS. Prostate Cancer Phenotype Influences Bone Mineralization at Metastasis: A Study Using an In Vitro Prostate Cancer Metastasis Testbed. JBMR Plus 2020; 4:e10256. [PMID: 32083238 PMCID: PMC7017885 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two types of prostate cancer cell lines, highly metastatic PC-3 and low metastatic MDA PCa 2b (PCa) were cultured on bone mimetic scaffolds to recapitulate metastasis to bone. A unique in vitro 3D tumor model that uses a sequential culture (SC) of human mesenchymal stem cells followed by seeding with cancer cells after bone formation was initiated to study the phenotype-specific interaction between prostate cancer cells and bone microenvironment. The PCa cells were observed to be less prolific and less metastatic, and to form multicellular tumoroids in the bone microenvironment, whereas PC-3 cells were more prolific and were highly metastatic, and did not form multicellular tumoroids in the bone microenvironment. The metastatic process exhibited by these two prostate cancer cell lines showed a significant and different effect on bone mineralization and extracellular matrix formation. Excessive bone formation in the presence of PC-3 and significant osteolysis in the presence of PCa were observed, which was also indicated by osteocalcin and MMP-9 expression as measured by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The field emission scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the structure of mineralized collagen in the presence of PC-3 is different than the one observed in healthy bone. All experimental results indicated that both osteolytic and osteoblastic bone lesions can be recapitulated in our tumor testbed model and that different cancer phenotypes have a very different influence on bone at metastasis. The 3D in vitro model presented in this study provides an improved, reproducible, and controllable system that is a useful tool to elucidate osteotropism of prostate cancer cells. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- MD Shahjahan Molla
- Center for Engineered Cancer TestbedsNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
- Scintillon InstituteSan DiegoUSA
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer TestbedsNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
| | - Jairam Iswara
- Department of Urology, Saint Elizabeth's Medical CenterTufts UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Renugopalkrishnan Venkatesan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMAUSA
- Center for Life SciencesBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, BostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Department of RadiologyCellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Stanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Kalpana S Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer TestbedsNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
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Magnetic nanocomposite hydrogels and static magnetic field stimulate the osteoblastic and vasculogenic profile of adipose-derived cells. Biomaterials 2019; 223:119468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kar S, Jasuja H, Katti DR, Katti KS. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Regulates Osteogenesis for Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: Experiments in an In Vitro Nanoclay Scaffold Cancer Testbed. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:2600-2611. [PMID: 33463270 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer shows a high affinity toward bone, causing bone-related complications, leading to a poor clinical prognosis. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been well-documented for the bone regenerative process; however, the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in breast cancer bone metastasis is poorly explored. Here, we report that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has a significant effect on osteogenesis during breast cancer bone metastasis. In this study, we have created a 3D in vitro breast cancer bone metastatic microenvironment using nanoclay-based scaffolds along with osteogenically differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The results showed upregulation in expressions of Wnt-related factors (Wnt-5a, β-catenin, AXIN2, and LRP5) in sequential cultures of MSCs with MCF-7 as compared to sequential cultures of MSCs with MDA-MB-231. Sequential cultures of MSCs with MCF-7 also showed higher β-catenin expression on the protein levels than sequential cultures of MSCs with MDA-MB-231. Stimulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in sequential cultures of MSCs with MCF-7 by ET-1 resulted in increased bone formation, whereas inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by DKK-1 displayed a significant decrease in bone formation, mimicking bone lesions in breast cancer patients. These data collectively demonstrate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling governs osteogenesis within the tumor-harboring bone microenvironment, leading to bone metastasis. The nanoclay scaffold provides a unique testbed approach for analysis of the pathways of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kar
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Haneesh Jasuja
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Kalpana S Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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Kurakazu I, Akasaki Y, Hayashida M, Tsushima H, Goto N, Sueishi T, Toya M, Kuwahara M, Okazaki K, Duffy T, Lotz MK, Nakashima Y. FOXO1 transcription factor regulates chondrogenic differentiation through transforming growth factor β1 signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17555-17569. [PMID: 31601652 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins are transcription factors involved in the differentiation of many cell types. Type II collagen (Col2) Cre-Foxo1-knockout and Col2-Cre-Foxo1,3,4 triple-knockout mice exhibit growth plate malformation. Moreover, recent studies have reported that in some cells, the expressions and activities of FOXOs are promoted by transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), a growth factor playing a key role in chondrogenic differentiation. Here, using a murine chondrogenic cell line (ATDC5), mouse embryos, and human mesenchymal stem cells, we report the mechanisms by which FOXOs affect chondrogenic differentiation. FOXO1 expression increased along with chondrogenic differentiation, and FOXO1 inhibition suppressed chondrogenic differentiation. TGFβ1/SMAD signaling promoted expression and activity of FOXO1. In ATDC5, FOXO1 knockdown suppressed expression of sex-determining region Y box 9 (Sox9), a master regulator of chondrogenic differentiation, resulting in decreased collagen type II α1 (Col2a1) and aggrecan (Acan) expression after TGFβ1 treatment. On the other hand, chemical FOXO1 inhibition suppressed Col2a1 and Acan expression without suppressing Sox9 To investigate the effects of FOXO1 on chondrogenic differentiation independently of SOX9, we examined FOXO1's effects on the cell cycle. FOXO1 inhibition suppressed expression of p21 and cell-cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase. Conversely, FOXO1 overexpression promoted expression of p21 and cell-cycle arrest. FOXO1 inhibition suppressed expression of nascent p21 RNA by TGFβ1, and FOXO1 bound the p21 promoter. p21 inhibition suppressed expression of Col2a1 and Acan during chondrogenic differentiation. These results suggest that FOXO1 is necessary for not only SOX9 expression, but also cell-cycle arrest during chondrogenic differentiation via TGFβ1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kurakazu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yukio Akasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Hayashida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tsushima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Norio Goto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuya Sueishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masakazu Toya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masanari Kuwahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ken Okazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Tomas Duffy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Martin K Lotz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Qi S, He J, Han H, Zheng H, Jiang H, Hu CY, Zhang Z, Li X. Anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice (Oryza sativa L. Japonica) ameliorates diabetic osteoporosis in rats. Food Funct 2019; 10:5350-5360. [PMID: 31393485 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00681h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is a systemic endocrine-metabolic osteopathy which has the characteristics of bone mineral density (BMD) reduction and bone microstructural destruction. Although anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice (AEBR) was reported to have a beneficial effect on diabetic rats, no studies have been performed on whether black rice anthocyanins are beneficial for diabetic osteoporosis. Therefore, in this study, a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model was established to investigate the protective effect of AEBR on diabetes-induced osteoporosis and its possible mechanism. AEBR at three doses (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g kg-1 d-1) were administered by oral gavage to diabetic rats for 8 weeks. The blood glucose, BMD, bone histomorphometry parameters, serum bone turnover biomarkers, bone marrow adipocyte numbers, as well as osteoprotegerin (OPG), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX 2), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL) protein expression in bone and serum were detected. The results indicated that AEBR dose-dependently decreased the blood glucose, increased the BMD, and decreased the serum bone turnover markers. The bone microstructure and osteoclast numbers in bone tissues returned to normal in the high AEBR dosage group; at the same time, the AEBR dose-dependently suppressed bone marrow adipogenesis. The RUNX 2 as well as the OPG/RANKL ratio in diabetic rats' bone tissues increased significantly in the AEBR treatment group. Our results indicate that AEBR administration can ameliorate bone loss caused by diabetes; this is mainly attributed to its inhibition of bone turnover, suppression of bone marrow adipogenesis, and up-regulation of RUNX 2 and the OPG/RANKL expression ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qi
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. and Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia He
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hao Han
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hongxing Zheng
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. and Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Vitamin D Research Institute, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. and Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Center, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinsheng Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Bio-resource key Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China.
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Li YY, Lam KL, Chen AD, Zhang W, Chan BP. Collagen microencapsulation recapitulates mesenchymal condensation and potentiates chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells – A matrix-driven in vitro model of early skeletogenesis. Biomaterials 2019; 213:119210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhang LT, Liu RM, Luo Y, Zhao YJ, Chen DX, Yu CY, Xiao JH. Hyaluronic acid promotes osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells via the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway. Life Sci 2019; 232:116669. [PMID: 31326566 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA), a commonly used osteogenic medium referred to as DAG, and the combined administration of HA and DAG (CG) on the osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), and the underlying mechanism. MAIN METHODS The phenotype of hAMSCs was detected by flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium deposition assays were employed for evaluating the osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs. The expression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins was determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Meanwhile, the molecular mechanism of osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs was detected by PCR array and qRT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that treatment with CG could significantly stimulate hAMSC ALP activity and calcium deposition compared to treatment with DAG, while HA had little effect. The expression of osteogenesis-related molecules and stemness-related molecules was up-regulated at the mRNA and protein levels in all three groups, and this up-regulation was most significant in the CG group. In addition, treatment with CG significantly increased the gene expressions involved in regulation of the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway compared to treatment with DAG. Furthermore, the pro-osteogenic differentiation effects as well as the up-regulated expression of genes observed in the CG treatment group were significantly inhibited when the cells were pre-treated with SB431542, an inhibitor of the TGF-β/Smad pathway. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that HA in combination with DAG could significantly enhance the osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, potentially via the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Tao Zhang
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China
| | - Ru-Ming Liu
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China
| | - Yi Luo
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China
| | - Dai-Xiong Chen
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China
| | - Chang-Yin Yu
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China.
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China.
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Chen H, Zhang J, Li X, Liu L, Zhang X, Ren D, Ma C, Zhang L, Fei Z, Xu T. Multi-level customized 3D printing for autogenous implants in skull tissue engineering. Biofabrication 2019; 11:045007. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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48
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Kalani MM, Nourmohammadi J, Negahdari B, Rahimi A, Sell SA. Electrospun core-sheath poly(vinyl alcohol)/silk fibroin nanofibers with Rosuvastatin release functionality for enhancing osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:129-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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49
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Yi J, Liu D, Xiao J. LncRNA MALAT1 sponges miR-30 to promote osteoblast differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by promotion of Runx2 expression. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 376:113-121. [PMID: 30511267 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are an important source of stem cells for tissue repair and regeneration but the regulatory mechanism of stem cell differentiation is still unclear. Runt-related gene 2 (Runx2) is a bone-specific transcription factor that plays an important role in promoting osteogenic differentiation. Protein levels of Runx2 are regulated by non-coding RNA. In order to identify the regulatory mechanism underlying non-coding RNA regulation of Runx2, we employed bioinformatics analysis, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), osteoblast differentiation induction, immunohistochemical and bifluorescein reporter experiments. The results showed that expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and Runx2 was increased in ADSCs induced in osteogenic differentiation media for 21 days, while miR-30 expression was downregulated. qRT-PCR and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) histochemical staining assays demonstrated that knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 or overexpression of miR-30 suppressed Runx2-mediated osteoblast differentiation by suppressing osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and osterix (OSX) expression. Overexpressing Runx2 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-30 on osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. Bifluorescein report experiments confirmed that miR-30 is a potential target of lncRNA MALAT1 and Runx2 is a potential target of miR-30. Taken together, the results suggested that the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 promoted Runx2-mediated osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs by targeting miR-30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Hu P, Zhu X, Zhao C, Hu J, Luo E, Ye B. Fak silencing impairs osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells induced by uniaxial mechanical stretch. J Dent Sci 2019; 14:225-233. [PMID: 31528249 PMCID: PMC6739265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Mechanical stretch plays a key role in promoting proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in distraction osteogenesis (DO). A better understanding of how the extracellular biomechanical stimulation is transferred to intracellular signal expression will benefit DO. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a key factor in integrin signaling pathway. However, little is known about the effect of integrin-FAK signaling during the process of stretch induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Materials and methods A specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) lentiviral expression vector was used to silence Fak gene and a well-established in vitro uniaxial dynamic stretching device was applied to stimulate DO. Fak silencing was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and the detection of Fak mRNA and FAK, p-FAK protein expression. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, expression of osteogenic differentiation markers - runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2/Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (Alp) together with integrin upstream signal transduction molecules integrin beta-1 (ITGB1/Itgb1) and downstream signal transduction molecules integrin-linked kinase (ILK) were detected after the stretch. Results The results showed that mechanical stretch in control groups significantly induced the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs with increased ALP activity, expression of RUNX2/Runx2 and Alp, together with upregulated ITGB1/Itgb1 and ILK, which all vanished in Fak silencing group. Conclusion Silencing of the Fak gene inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs induced by in vitro mechanical stretch through integrin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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