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Nguyen NHT, Nguyen NT, Kim YH, Min J. Yeast-derived vacuoles as a novel carrier with enhanced hCMEC/D3 cell monolayer penetration. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2200393. [PMID: 36321515 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a brain protection structure that restricts drug delivery from the blood to the central nervous system. Thus, we developed a novel drug carrier using yeast vacuoles to overcome this problem. The purpose of this study was to assess the drug transportability of yeast vacuoles using a human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line (hCMEC/D3) cell monolayer. Here, we used daunorubicin (DNR) as a microtubule-targeting agent with the ability to disaggregate pre-formed fibrils and prevent Tau fibrillization. An in vitro model was developed by culturing hCMEC/D3 cells on Transwell inserts in EBM-2 endothelial basal medium until the cells formed a monolayer. Next, nano-sized yeast vacuoles were loaded with DNR, and the signals inside and outside the hMEC/D3 cell monolayer were detected using the GloMax® Explorer fluorometer. DNR penetrated the cell monolayer and was regulated by endocytosis via receptor-mediated macropinocytosis on the surface of the cell. Confocal imaging showed a significant increase in intracellular DNR fluorescence when the cells were treated with the vacuole-encapsulated drug. These results indicate that the drug penetrated the hCMEC/D3 cell monolayer via encapsulation into the vacuoles. Overall, yeast-derived vacuoles are promising candidates as drug carriers to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Han Thi Nguyen
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Ngoc-Tu Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Yang Hoon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jiho Min
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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2
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Angelini A, Ortiz-Urbina J, Trial J, Reddy AK, Malovannaya A, Jain A, Entman ML, Taffet GE, Cieslik KA. Sex-specific Phenotypes in the Aging Mouse Heart and Consequences for Chronic Fibrosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H285-H300. [PMID: 35714177 PMCID: PMC9273262 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00078.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of diastolic dysfunction increases with age in both humans and mice. This is characterized by increased passive stiffness and slower relaxation of the left ventricle. The stiffness arises at least partially from progressively increased interstitial collagen deposition due to highly secretory fibroblasts. In the past, we demonstrated that AMPK activation via the drug Aicar in middle-aged mice reduced adverse remodeling after myocardial infarction. Therefore as an attempt to normalize the fibroblast phenotype, we used 21 month-old male and female mice and treated them with Aicar (0.166 mg/g of body weight) where each mouse was followed in a functional study over a 3-month period. We found sex-related differences in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition as well as heart function indices at baseline, which were further accentuated by Aicar treatment. Aicar attenuated the age-related increase in left atrial volume (LAV, an indicator of diastolic dysfunction) in female but not in male hearts which was associated with reduced collagen deposition in the old female heart, and reduced the transcription factor Gli1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts. We further demonstrated that collagen synthesis was dependent on Gli1, which is a target of AMPK-mediated degradation. By contrast, Aicar had a minor impact on cardiac fibroblasts in the old male heart due to blunted AMPK phosphorylation. Hence it did not significantly improve old male heart function indices. In conclusion, we demonstrated that male and female hearts are phenotypically different, and sex-specific differences need to be considered when analyzing the response to pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Angelini
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jesus Ortiz-Urbina
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.,Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, and Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - JoAnn Trial
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anilkumar K Reddy
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Antrix Jain
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mark L Entman
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,DeBakey Heart Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - George E Taffet
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,DeBakey Heart Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.,Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, and Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katarzyna A Cieslik
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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3
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Regulatory properties of vitronectin and its glycosylation in collagen fibril formation and collagen-degrading enzyme cathepsin K activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12023. [PMID: 34103584 PMCID: PMC8187593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitronectin (VN) is a glycoprotein found in extracellular matrix and blood. Collagen, a major extracellular matrix component in mammals, is degraded by cathepsin K (CatK), which is essential for bone resorption under acidic conditions. The relationship between VN and cathepsins has been unclear. We discovered that VN promoted collagen fibril formation and inhibited CatK activity, and observed its activation in vitro. VN accelerated collagen fibril formation at neutral pH. Collagen fibers formed with VN were in close contact with each other and appeared as scattered flat masses in scanning electron microscopy images. VN formed collagen fibers with high acid solubility and significantly inhibited CatK; the IC50 was 8.1–16.6 nM and competitive, almost the same as those of human and porcine VNs. VN inhibited the autoprocessing of inactive pro-CatK from active CatK. DeN-glycosylation of VN attenuated the inhibitory effects of CatK and its autoprocessing by VN, but had little effect on acid solubilization of collagen and VN degradation via CatK. CatK inhibition is an attractive treatment approach for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. These findings suggest that glycosylated VN is a potential biological candidate for CatK inhibition and may help to understand the molecular mechanisms of tissue re-modeling.
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Modulation of α Vβ 6 integrin in osteoarthritis-related synovitis and the interaction with VTN (381-397 a.a.) competing for TGF-β1 activation. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:210-222. [PMID: 33526813 PMCID: PMC8080589 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is characterized by structural alteration of joints. Fibrosis of the synovial tissue is often detected and considered one of the main causes of joint stiffness and pain. In our earlier proteomic study, increased levels of vitronectin (VTN) fragment (amino acids 381–397) were observed in the serum of osteoarthritis patients. In this work, the affinity of this fragment for integrins and its putative role in TGF-β1 activation were investigated. A competition study determined the interaction of VTN(381–397 a.a.) with αVβ6 integrin. Subsequently, the presence of αVβ6 integrin was substantiated on primary human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) by western blot and flow cytometry. By immunohistochemistry, β6 was detected in synovial membranes, and its expression showed a correlation with tissue fibrosis. Moreover, β6 expression was increased under TGF-β1 stimulation; hence, a TGF-β bioassay was applied. We observed that αVβ6 could mediate TGF-β1 bioavailability and that VTN(381–397 a.a.) could prevent TGF-β1 activation by interacting with αVβ6 in human FLSs and increased α-SMA. Finally, we analyzed serum samples from healthy controls and patients with osteoarthritis and other rheumatic diseases by nano-LC/Chip MS–MS, confirming the increased expression of VTN(381–397 a.a.) in osteoarthritis as well as in lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. These findings corroborate our previous observations concerning the overexpression of VTN(381–397 a.a.) in osteoarthritis but also in other rheumatic diseases. This fragment interacts with αVβ6 integrin, a receptor whose expression is increased in FLSs from the osteoarthritic synovial membrane and that can mediate the activation of the TGF-β1 precursor in human FLSs. Insights into a mechanism underlying the formation of fibrotic tissue within joints in osteoarthritis may also prove relevant to other rheumatological disorders. The general mechanisms underlying fibrosis are reasonably well understood, but it remains unclear what triggers these processes in osteoarthitis. Researchers of the University of Liège in Belgium have uncovered a possible explanation based on experiments with cultured primary synovial fibroblasts from patients. Osteoarthitis is characterized by increased levels of a fragment of the protein vitronectin, and the researchers demonstrated that this in turn binds to a protein called αVβ6, potentially promoting initiation of fibrosis. They also observed elevated levels of the same vitronectin fragment in two other rheumatoid disorders, lupus and systemic sclerosis, and concluded that further research is needed to characterize this protein’s role in inflammation and fibrosis.
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Yamaguchi S, Ito S, Masuda T, Couraud PO, Ohtsuki S. Novel cyclic peptides facilitating transcellular blood-brain barrier transport of macromolecules in vitro and in vivo. J Control Release 2020; 321:744-755. [PMID: 32135226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Brain delivery of nanoparticles and macromolecular drugs depends on blood-brain barrier (BBB)-permeable carriers. In this study, we searched for cyclic heptapeptides facilitating BBB permeation of M13 phages by phage library screening using a transcellular permeability assay with hCMEC/D3 cell monolayers, a human BBB model. The M13 phage, which is larger than macromolecular drugs and nanoparticles, served as a model macromolecule. The screen identified cyclic heptapeptide SLSHSPQ (SLS) as a human BBB-permeable peptide. The SLS-displaying phage (SLS-phage) exhibited improved permeation across the cell monolayer of monkey and rat BBB co-culture models. The SLS-phage internalized into hCMEC/D3 cells via macropinocytosis and externalized via the exosome excretion pathway. SLS-phage distribution into brain parenchyma was observed in mice after intravenous administration. Moreover, liposome permeated across the BBB as cyclic SLS peptide conjugates. In conclusion, the cyclic SLS heptapeptide is a novel carrier candidate for brain delivery of macromolecular drugs and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Fellowship for Young Scientists, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Pierre-Olivier Couraud
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sumio Ohtsuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
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6
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Zhang L, Liu XR, Liu JZ, Song YX, Zhou ZQ, Cao BY. miR-182 selectively targets HOXA10 in goat endometrial epithelium cells in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:1081-1092. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - X-R Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - J-Z Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Y-X Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Z-Q Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - B-Y Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
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7
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Cobraiville G, Fillet M, Sharif M, Ourradi K, Nys G, Malaise MG, de Seny D. Validation of a new method by nano-liquid chromatography on chip tandem mass spectrometry for combined quantitation of C3f and the V65 vitronectin fragment as biomarkers of diagnosis and severity of osteoarthritis. Talanta 2017; 169:170-180. [PMID: 28411808 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic liquid chromatography coupled to a nanoelectrospray source ion trap mass spectrometry was used for the absolute and simultaneous quantitation of C3f and the V65 vitronectin fragment in serum. The method was first carefully optimized and then validated in serum biological matrix. Stable isotopes for the two biomarkers of interest were used as stable isotope labeled peptide standards. A weighted 1/x2 quadratic regression for C3f and a weighted 1/x quadratic regression for the V65 vitronectin peptide were selected for calibration curves. Trueness (with a relative bias <10%), precision (repeatability and intermediate precision <15%) and accuracy (risk <15%) of the method were successfully demonstrated. The linearity of results was validated in the concentration range of 2.5-200ng/mL for C3f and 2.5-100ng/mL for the V65 vitronectin fragment. Serum samples (n=147) classified in 7 groups [(healthy volunteers, OA with 5 grades of severity and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients] were analyzed with our new quantitative method. Our data confirm that C3f and the V65 vitronectin fragment are biomarkers of OA severity, but also that C3f fragment is further related to OA severity whereas the V65 vitronectin fragment is more related to early OA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Cobraiville
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liege, CHU de Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Mohammed Sharif
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Khadija Ourradi
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Gwenaël Nys
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Michel G Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liege, CHU de Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Dominique de Seny
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA-I(3), University of Liege, CHU de Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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8
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Kang Y, Georgiou AI, MacFarlane RJ, Klontzas ME, Heliotis M, Tsiridis E, Mantalaris A. Fibronectin stimulates the osteogenic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1929-1940. [PMID: 26449737 DOI: 10.1002/term.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Conditioned medium from human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2-CM) has been shown to stimulate the osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs). HepG2-CM is considered to contain visceral endoderm (VE)-like signals and attempts have recently been made to characterize it, using proteomic profiling, with fibronectin being identified as one promising candidate. Herein, we investigated whether fibronectin is able to mimic the activities of HepG2-CM during the osteogenic differentiation of mESCs. Specifically, the addition of RGD peptides and heparin in HepG2-CM significantly reduced the growth- and adhesion-promoting effects of HepG2-CM, in addition to suppressing its osteogenic-inductive activity. Furthermore, direct addition of fibronectin to basal medium was able to reproduce, at least partially, the function of HepG2-CM. In particular, fibronectin induced the early onset of osteogenic differentiation in mESCs, as confirmed by gene expression of osteogenic markers, and resulted in the three-fold higher calcium deposition at day 11 of osteogenic culture compared to the control group. These data clearly suggest that fibronectin contributes to the biological activities of HepG2-CM and plays a stimulatory role during the process of osteogenesis in mESCs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Kang
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Anastasia I Georgiou
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Robert J MacFarlane
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Michail E Klontzas
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | | | | | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
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9
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Kang YJ, Lees M, Matthews LC, Kimber SJ, Forbes K, Aplin JD. MiR-145 suppresses embryo-epithelial juxtacrine communication at implantation by modulating maternal IGF1R. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:804-14. [PMID: 25609710 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.164004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful implantation requires the synchronization of viable embryonic development with endometrial receptivity. The mechanisms allowing for the initiation of crosstalk between the embryo and the endometrium remain elusive; however, recent studies have revealed that there are alterations in endometrial microRNAs (miRs) in women suffering repeated implantation failure and that one of the altered miRs is miR-145. We assessed the role of miR-145 and its target IGF1R, in early implantation. miR-145 overexpression and IGF1R knockdown were achieved in Ishikawa endometrial cells. Quantitative PCR, western blotting and 3'UTR luciferase reporter assays confirmed that IGF1R is a direct target of miR-145 in the endometrium. Attachment of mouse embryos or IGF1-coated beads to endometrial epithelial cells was used to study the effects of altered miR-145 and/or IGF1R expression on early implantation events. miR-145 overexpression or specific reduction of IGF1R impaired attachment in both cases. An IGF1R target protector prevented the miR-145-mediated reduction in IGF1R and reversed the effect of miR-145 overexpression on attachment. The data demonstrate that miR-145 influences embryo attachment by reducing the level of IGF1R in endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Jung Kang
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Miranda Lees
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Laura C Matthews
- Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Susan J Kimber
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Karen Forbes
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - John D Aplin
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
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Fei B, Yu S, Geahlen RL. Modulation by Syk of Bcl-2, calcium and the calpain-calpastatin proteolytic system in human breast cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:2153-64. [PMID: 23684705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Syk is a 72kDa non-receptor tyrosine kinase that is best characterized in hematopoietic cells. While Syk is pro-tumorigenic in some cancer cell types, it also has been reported as a negative regulator of metastatic cell growth in others. An examination of the RelA (p65) subunit of NF-κB expressed in MCF7 breast cancer cells indicated that either treatment with pervanadate or stable expression of Syk protected RelA from calpain-mediated proteolysis. Similar results were observed with the tyrosine phosphatase, PTP1B, another sensitive calpain substrate. The activity of calpain in MCF7 cell lysates was inhibited by both treatment with hydrogen peroxide and expression of Syk, the former due to oxidative inactivation of calpain and the latter to enhanced expression of calpastatin (CAST), the endogenous calpain inhibitor. The level of CAST was elevated in the cytosolic fraction of Syk-positive breast cancer cells resulting in more CAST present in complex with calpain in cell lysates. The high levels of CAST coincided with elevated basal levels of calcium-and of intracellular calpain activity-in Syk-expressing cells resulting from decreased levels of Bcl-2, an inhibitor of IP3-receptor-mediated calcium release. The inhibition of cellular calpain stimulated the Syk-mediated enhancement of NF-κB induced by TNF-α, enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation resulting from integrin crosslinking, and increased the localization of Syk to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Fei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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11
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Wu W, Dong YW, Shi PC, Yu M, Fu D, Zhang CY, Cai QQ, Zhao QL, Peng M, Wu LH, Wu XZ. Regulation of integrin αV subunit expression by sulfatide in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:936-52. [PMID: 23345412 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m031450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin is important in migration and metastasis of tumor cells. Changes of integrin expression and distribution will cause an alteration of cellular adhesion and migration behaviors. In this study, we investigated sulfatide regulation of the integrin αV subunit expression in hepatoma cells and observed that either exogenous or endogenous sulfatide elicited a robust upregulation of integrin αV subunit mRNA and protein expression in hepatoma cells. This regulatory effect occurred with a corresponding phosphorylation (T739) of the transcription factor Sp1. Based on the electrophoretic mobility shift assay, sulfatide enhanced the integrin αV promoter activity and strengthened the Sp1 complex super-shift. The results of chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis also indicated that sulfatide enhanced Sp1 binding to the integrin αV promoter in vivo. Silence of Sp1 diminished the stimulation of integrin αV expression by sulfatide. In the early stage of sulfatide stimulation, phosphorylation of Erk as well as c-Src was noted, and inhibition of Erk activation with either U0126 or PD98059 significantly suppressed Sp1 phosphorylation and integrin αV expression. We demonstrated that sulfatide regulated integrin αV expression and cell adhesion, which was associated with Erk activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Key Lab of Glycoconjugate Research, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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12
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Tanabe Y, Saito M, Morikawa Y, Kamataki A, Sawai T, Hirose M, Nakayama K. Inhibition of untransformed prostaglandin H(2) production and stretch-induced contraction of rabbit pulmonary arteries by indoxam, a selective secretory phospholipase A(2) inhibitor. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 115:525-31. [PMID: 21422723 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.10247sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) in the stretch-induced production of untransformed prostaglandin H(2) (PGH(2)) in the endothelium of rabbit pulmonary arteries was investigated. The stretch-induced contraction was significantly inhibited by indoxam, a selective inhibitor for sPLA(2), and NS-398, a selective inhibitor for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Indoxam inhibited the RGD-sensitive-integrin-independent production of untransformed PGH(2), but did not affect the RGD-sensitive-integrin-dependent production of thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)). These results suggest that the stretch-induced contraction and untransformed PGH(2) production was mediated by sPLA(2)-COX-2 pathway, making it a new possible target for pharmacological intervention of pulmonary artery contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Tanabe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
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13
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Kawai M, Breggia AC, DeMambro VE, Shen X, Canalis E, Bouxsein ML, Beamer WG, Clemmons DR, Rosen CJ. The heparin-binding domain of IGFBP-2 has insulin-like growth factor binding-independent biologic activity in the growing skeleton. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:14670-80. [PMID: 21372140 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.193334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) is a member of a family of six highly conserved IGFBPs that are carriers for the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). IGFBP-2 levels rise during rapid neonatal growth and at the time of peak bone acquisition. In contrast, Igfbp2(-/-) mice have low bone mass accompanied by reduced osteoblast numbers, low bone formation rates, and increased PTEN expression. In the current study, we postulated that IGFBP-2 increased bone mass partly through the activity of its heparin-binding domain (HBD). We synthesized a HBD peptide specific for IGFBP-2 and demonstrated in vitro that it rescued the mineralization phenotype of Igfbp2(-/-) bone marrow stromal cells and calvarial osteoblasts. Consistent with its cellular actions, the HBD peptide ex vivo stimulated metacarpal periosteal expansion. Furthermore, administration of HBD peptide to Igfbp2(-/-) mice increased osteoblast number, suppressed marrow adipogenesis, restored trabecular bone mass, and reduced bone resorption. Skeletal rescue in the Igfbp2(-/-) mice was characterized by reduced PTEN expression followed by enhanced Akt phosphorylation in response to IGF-I and increased β-catenin signaling through two mechanisms: 1) stimulation of its cytosolic accumulation and 2) increased phosphorylation of serine 552. We conclude that the HBD peptide of IGFBP-2 has anabolic activity by activating IGF-I/Akt and β-catenin signaling pathways. These data support a growing body of evidence that IGFBP-2 is not just a transport protein but rather that it functions coordinately with IGF-I to stimulate growth and skeletal acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Kawai
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA
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Paredes-Gamero EJ, Medeiros VP, Farias EHC, Justo GZ, Trindade ES, Andrade-Lopes AL, Godinho RO, de Miranda A, Ferreira AT, Tersariol ILS, Nader HB. Heparin induces rat aorta relaxation via integrin-dependent activation of muscarinic M3 receptors. Hypertension 2010; 56:713-21. [PMID: 20805441 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.156877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Previous reports have shown that heparin may promote human hypotension and vascular relaxation by elevation of NO levels through unclear mechanisms. We hypothesized that endothelial muscarinic M(3) receptor activation mediates the heparin-induced vasodilation of rat aortic rings. The experiments were carried out using unfractionated heparin extracted from bovine intestinal mucosa, which elicited an endothelium and NO-dependent relaxation of aortic segments with maximal potency and efficacy (EC(50): 100±10 μmol/L; E(max): 41±3%). Atropine and 1,1-dimethyl-4-diphenylacetoxypiperidinium iodide inhibitors reduced the heparin-dependent relaxation, indicating that M(3) muscarinic receptor is involved in this phenomenon. However, no direct binding of heparin to muscarinic receptors was observed. More importantly, studies performed using the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide and 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(1-naphthalenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-day]pyrimidin-4-amine, an Src family inhibitor, reduced by 51% and 73% the heparin-dependent relaxation, respectively, suggesting the coupling of heparin and M(3) receptor through extracellular matrix molecules and integrin. Furthermore, unfractionated heparin induced activation of focal adhesion protein kinase, Src, and paxillin. Finally, fluorescence resonance energy transfer approach confirmed the interaction of the M(3) receptor to integrin. Taken together, these data demonstrate the participation of M(3) receptor and integrin in heparin-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism and potential pharmacological action of heparin in vascular physiology.
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15
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Chillakuri CR, Jones C, Mardon HJ. Heparin binding domain in vitronectin is required for oligomerization and thus enhances integrin mediated cell adhesion and spreading. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:3287-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Annenkov A. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor type 1 (IGF1R) as an essential component of the signalling network regulating neurogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2009; 40:195-215. [PMID: 19714501 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-009-8081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor receptor type 1 (IGF1R) signalling pathway is activated in the mammalian nervous system from early developmental stages. Its major effect on developing neural cells is to promote their growth and survival. This pathway can integrate its action with signalling pathways of growth and morphogenetic factors that induce cell fate specification and selective expansion of specified neural cell subsets. This suggests that during developmental and adult neurogenesis cellular responses to many signalling factors, including ligands of Notch, sonic hedgehog, fibroblast growth factor family members, ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor, bone morphogenetic proteins and Wingless and Int-1, may be modified by co-activation of the IGF1R. Modulation of cell migration is another possible role that IGF1R activation may play in neurogenesis. Here, I briefly overview neurogenesis and discuss a role for IGF1R-mediated signalling in the developing and mature nervous system with emphasis on crosstalk between the signalling pathways of the IGF1R and other factors regulating neural cell development and migration. Studies on neural as well as on non-neural cells are highlighted because it may be interesting to test in neurogenic paradigms some of the models based on the information obtained in studies on non-neural cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Annenkov
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, UK.
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