1
|
Passchier EMJ, Bisseling Q, Helman G, van Spaendonk RML, Simons C, Olsthoorn RCL, van der Veen H, Abbink TEM, van der Knaap MS, Min R. Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts: a variant update and review of the literature. Front Genet 2024; 15:1352947. [PMID: 38487253 PMCID: PMC10938252 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1352947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The leukodystrophy megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is characterized by infantile-onset macrocephaly and chronic edema of the brain white matter. With delayed onset, patients typically experience motor problems, epilepsy and slow cognitive decline. No treatment is available. Classic MLC is caused by bi-allelic recessive pathogenic variants in MLC1 or GLIALCAM (also called HEPACAM). Heterozygous dominant pathogenic variants in GLIALCAM lead to remitting MLC, where patients show a similar phenotype in early life, followed by normalization of white matter edema and no clinical regression. Rare patients with heterozygous dominant variants in GPRC5B and classic MLC were recently described. In addition, two siblings with bi-allelic recessive variants in AQP4 and remitting MLC have been identified. The last systematic overview of variants linked to MLC dates back to 2006. We provide an updated overview of published and novel variants. We report on genetic variants from 508 patients with MLC as confirmed by MRI diagnosis (258 from our database and 250 extracted from 64 published reports). We describe 151 unique MLC1 variants, 29 GLIALCAM variants, 2 GPRC5B variants and 1 AQP4 variant observed in these MLC patients. We include experiments confirming pathogenicity for some variants, discuss particularly notable variants, and provide an overview of recent scientific and clinical insight in the pathophysiology of MLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. J. Passchier
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Quinty Bisseling
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guy Helman
- Translational Bioinformatics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Cas Simons
- Translational Bioinformatics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Hieke van der Veen
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Truus E. M. Abbink
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjo S. van der Knaap
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rogier Min
- Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu Y, Zhang M, Zhou J, Liu X, Wang L, Hu X, Mao Y, Gan R, Chen Z. Extracellular vesicles in renal cell carcinoma: challenges and opportunities coexist. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212101. [PMID: 37469514 PMCID: PMC10352798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents an extremely challenging disease in terms of both diagnosis and treatment. It poses a significant threat to human health, with incidence rates increasing at a yearly rate of roughly 2%. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-based bilayer structures of membranes that are essential for intercellular interaction and have been linked to the advancement of RCC. This review provides an overview of recent studies on the role of EVs in RCC progression, including involvement in the interaction of tumor cells with M2 macrophages, mediating the generation of immune tolerance, and assuming the role of communication messengers in the tumor microenvironment leading to disease progression. Finally, the " troika " of EVs in RCC therapy is presented, including engineered sEVs' or EVs tumor vaccines, mesenchymal stem cell EVs therapy, and reduction of tumor-derived EVs secretion. In this context, we highlight the limitations and challenges of EV-based research and the prospects for future developments in this field. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the role of EVs in RCC and their potential as a viable pathway for the future treatment of this complex disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukang Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiulan Liu
- Department of Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Lanfeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yiping Mao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Rongfa Gan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
He Z, Gao Y, Li T, Yu C, Ou L, Luo C. HepaCAM‑PIK3CA axis regulates the reprogramming of glutamine metabolism to inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:37. [PMID: 35191516 PMCID: PMC8878713 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism reprogramming is becoming an increasingly important hallmark of cancer. Specifically, cancers tend to undergo metabolic reprogramming to upregulate a cell-dependent glutamine (Gln) metabolism. Notably, hepatocellular cell adhesion molecule (HepaCAM) has been previously reported to serve a key role as a tumour suppressor. However, the possible regulatory role of HepaCAM in Gln metabolism in prostate cancer (PCa) remains poorly understood. In the present study, bioinformatics analysis predicted a significant negative correlation among the expression of HepaCAM, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA), glutaminase (GLS) and solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5), components of Gln metabolism, in clinical and genomic datasets. Immunohistochemistry results verified a negative correlation between HepaCAM and PIK3CA expression in PCa tissues. Subsequently, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assays were performed, and the results revealed markedly reduced levels of Gln and metabolic flux in the blood samples of patients with PCa and in PCa cells. Mechanistically, overexpression of HepaCAM inhibited Gln metabolism and proliferation by regulating PIK3CA in PCa cells. In addition, Gln metabolism was discovered to be stress-resistant in PCa cells, since the expression levels of GLS and SLC1A5 remained high for a period of time after Gln starvation. However, overexpression of HepaCAM reversed this resistance to some extent. Additionally, alpelisib, a specific inhibitor of PIK3CA, effectively potentiated the inhibitory effects of HepaCAM overexpression on Gln metabolism and cell proliferation through mass spectrometry and CCK-8 experiments. In addition, the inhibitory effect of PIK3CA on the growth of tumor tissue in nude mice was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry in vivo. To conclude, the results from the present study revealed an abnormal Gln metabolic profile in the blood samples of patients with PCa, suggesting that it can be applied as a clinical diagnostic tool for PCa. Additionally, a key role of the HepaCAM/PIK3CA axis in regulating Gln metabolism, cell proliferation and tumour growth was identified. The combination of alpelisib treatment with the upregulation of HepaCAM expression may serve as a novel method for treating patients with PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenting He
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Gao
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing 401320, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chaowen Yu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Liping Ou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Haworth AS, Brackenbury WJ. Emerging roles for multifunctional ion channel auxiliary subunits in cancer. Cell Calcium 2019; 80:125-140. [PMID: 31071485 PMCID: PMC6553682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several superfamilies of plasma membrane channels which regulate transmembrane ion flux have also been shown to regulate a multitude of cellular processes, including proliferation and migration. Ion channels are typically multimeric complexes consisting of conducting subunits and auxiliary, non-conducting subunits. Auxiliary subunits modulate the function of conducting subunits and have putative non-conducting roles, further expanding the repertoire of cellular processes governed by ion channel complexes to processes such as transcellular adhesion and gene transcription. Given this expansive influence of ion channels on cellular behaviour it is perhaps no surprise that aberrant ion channel expression is a common occurrence in cancer. This review will focus on the conducting and non-conducting roles of the auxiliary subunits of various Ca2+, K+, Na+ and Cl- channels and the burgeoning evidence linking such auxiliary subunits to cancer. Several subunits are upregulated (e.g. Cavβ, Cavγ) and downregulated (e.g. Kvβ) in cancer, while other subunits have been functionally implicated as oncogenes (e.g. Navβ1, Cavα2δ1) and tumour suppressor genes (e.g. CLCA2, KCNE2, BKγ1) based on in vivo studies. The strengthening link between ion channel auxiliary subunits and cancer has exposed these subunits as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However further mechanistic understanding is required into how these subunits contribute to tumour progression before their therapeutic potential can be fully realised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Haworth
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK; York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - William J Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK; York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Deng Q, Luo L, Quan Z, Liu N, Du Z, Sun W, Luo C, Wu X. HepaCAM inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in prostate cancer by suppressing nuclear translocation of the androgen receptor via its cytoplasmic domain. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2115-2124. [PMID: 30664187 PMCID: PMC6390061 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (HepaCAM) is a tumour suppressor. However, the mechanism of HepaCAM function in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unknown. In the present study, HepaCAM, androgen receptor (AR) and Ran were analysed in 46 PCa tissue samples using immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the influence of HepaCAM and its cytoplasmic domain on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and associated proteins was examined using MTT, wound healing, Transwell and western blotting assays, respectively. Furthermore, nuclear translocation of AR and Ran was analysed using immunofluorescence and Western blot assays. The results demonstrated that HepaCAM expression was reduced in PCa, and there was an association between downregulation of HepaCAM and changes in the distribution of AR and Ran. Furthermore, HepaCAM, specifically the cytoplasmic domain, was involved in cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Nuclear translocation of AR was dependent on HepaCAM and its cytoplasmic domain. Additionally, HepaCAM suppression of the nuclear translocation of AR occurred via Ran. The results suggest that HepaCAM and its cytoplasmic domain suppress the nuclear translocation of AR via Ran in PCa. The cytoplasmic domain of HepaCAM may serve as a novel target for therapy in PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfu Deng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Li Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by The Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Quan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Nanjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by The Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbo Du
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by The Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fan Y, Ou L, Fan J, Li L, Wu X, Luo C, Gao Y, Niu L. HepaCAM Regulates Warburg Effect of Renal Cell Carcinoma via HIF-1α/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Urology 2018; 127:61-67. [PMID: 30528714 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (hepaCAM) regulates cancer energy metabolism through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of hepaCAM and HIF-1α in RCC tissue samples was examined by immunohistochemistry. Glucose consumption and lactate production assays were used to detect metabolic activity in RCC cell lines. P65 and IκB kinase (IKKβ) mRNA and protein expression were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Nuclear translocation of P65 was observed by immunofluorescence staining after re-expressing hepaCAM. The luciferase reporter assay was applied to validate the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α. RESULTS HIF-1α expression was elevated and hepaCAM suppressed in RCC compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, hepaCAM re-expression significantly decreased glycolytic metabolism in RCC cell lines, and reduced HIF-1α, IKKβ, and P65 expression. The expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, and PKM2 were further reduced with combined hepaCAM overexpression and treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082, compared to hepaCAM overexpression alone. Additionally, hepaCAM decreased the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α and blocked P65 nuclear translocation by the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that hepaCAM suppresses the Warburg effect via the HIF-1α/NF-κB pathway in RCC, which is a facilitating factor in hepaCAM-reduced tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Fan
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liping Ou
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxin Fan
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luo Li
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Du Z, Li L, Sun W, Wang X, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Yuan M, Quan Z, Liu N, Hao Y, Li T, Wang J, Luo C, Wu X. HepaCAM inhibits the malignant behavior of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells by downregulating Notch signaling and PF-3084014 (a γ-secretase inhibitor) partly reverses the resistance of refractory prostate cancer to docetaxel and enzalutamide in vitro. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:99-112. [PMID: 29658567 PMCID: PMC5958706 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) continues to be a major challenge in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). The expression of hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (HepaCAM), a novel tumor suppressor, is frequently downregulated or lost in PCa. Overactivated Notch signaling is involved in the development and progression of PCa, including CRPC. In this study, we found that the activities of Notch signaling were elevated, while HepaCAM expression was decreased in CRPC tissues compared with matched primary prostate cancer (PPC) tissues. In addition, HepaCAM negativity was found to be associated with a worse progression-free survival (PFS). Furthermore, the overexpression of HepaCAM induced by transfection with a HepaCAM overexpression vector (Ad-HepaCAM) exerted antitumor effects by decreasing the proliferation, and suppressing the invasion and migration of bicalutamide-resistant (Bica-R) cells and enzalutamide-resistant (Enza-R) cells. Importantly, we found that the antitumor effects of HepaCAM on the resistant cells were associated with the downregulation of Notch signaling. Moreover, we revealed that PF-3084014 (a γ-secretase inhibitor) re-sensitized Enza-R cells to enzalutamide, and sequential dual-resistant (E+D-R) cells to docetaxel. Additionally, the findings of this study demonstrated that the use of PF-3084014 alone exerted potent antitumor effect on the resistant cells in vitro. On the whole, this study indicates that HepaCAM potentially represents a therapeutic target and PF-3084014 may prove to a promising agent for use in the treatment of refractory PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Luo Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiong Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mengjuan Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Quan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Nanjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yanni Hao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mlakar V, Jurkovic Mlakar S, Lopez G, Maris JM, Ansari M, Gumy-Pause F. 11q deletion in neuroblastoma: a review of biological and clinical implications. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:114. [PMID: 28662712 PMCID: PMC5492892 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 (11q deletion) is one of the most frequent events that occur during the development of aggressive neuroblastoma. Clinically, 11q deletion is associated with higher disease stage and decreased survival probability. During the last 25 years, extensive efforts have been invested to identify the precise frequency of 11q aberrations in neuroblastoma, the recurrently involved genes, and to understand the molecular mechanisms of 11q deletion, but definitive answers are still unclear. In this review, it is our intent to compile and review the evidence acquired to date on 11q deletion in neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gonzalo Lopez
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc Ansari
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Gumy-Pause
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva University Medical School, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Overexpression of HepaCAM inhibits bladder cancer cell proliferation and viability through the AKT/FoxO pathway. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:793-805. [PMID: 28229220 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE HepaCAM, an N-linked glycoprotein that encodes a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has been reported to be a tumor suppressor gene that mediates diverse cellular bio-functions. Recent studies have shown that the FoxO transcription factors play a pivotal role during cancer progression. Here, we explored the correlation between HepaCAM and the FoxO family via regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. METHODS HepaCAM and FoxO3 expression were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. We detected the effect of HepaCAM on the proliferation and viability of bladder cancer through AKT signaling by colony formation, the MTT assay and Western blotting. We observed the nuclear translocation of FoxO3 by immunofluorescence staining after expressing HepaCAM. RESULTS HepaCAM depletion was discovered in bladder cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and the decreased level was associated with the degradation of FoxO3. Furthermore, re-expression of HepaCAM significantly disrupted T24 and BIU-87 cell colony formation, as well as reduced p-AKT and p-FoxO protein expression. We found that the combined treatment of HepaCAM-overexpressing adenovirus with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 enhanced the inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, viability and protein expression. Additionally, overexpressed HepaCAM decreased the activated effect on cell proliferation, viability and protein expression of the AKT activator SC79. Moreover, we observed that HepaCAM induced nuclear translocation of FoxO3. CONCLUSIONS Our research implicated that HepaCAM may function as a novel therapeutic target that inhibits the proliferation of bladder cancer via the AKT/FoxO pathway.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu M, Moh MC, Schwarz H. HepaCAM associates with connexin 43 and enhances its localization in cellular junctions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36218. [PMID: 27819278 PMCID: PMC5098153 DOI: 10.1038/srep36218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HepaCAM (GlialCAM) is frequently deleted in carcinomas, and reintroduction of hepaCAM into transformed cell lines reduces cellular growth and induces senescence. Mutations in HEPACAM give rise to the neurodegenerative disease megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) since mutated hepaCAM prevents shuttling of MLC1 protein to astrocytic junctions in the plasma membrane. Here we identify that hepaCAM associates with connexin 43, a main component of gap junctions, and enhances connexin 43 localization to the plasma membrane at cellular junctions. HepaCAM also increases the levels of connexin 43, not by enhancing its transcription but by stabilizing connexin 43 protein. In the absence of hepaCAM, connexin 43 undergoes a faster degradation via the lysosomal pathway while proteasomal degradation seems not to be involved. Mutations in hepaCAM that cause MLC, or neutralization of hepaCAM by antibodies disrupt its association with connexin 43 at cellular junctions. By discovering the requirement of hepaCAM for localizing connexin 43, a well-established tumor suppressor, to cellular junctions and stabilizing it there, this study suggests a mechanism by which deletion of hepaCAM may support tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Wu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597.,Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456
| | - Mei Chung Moh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597.,Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456
| | - Herbert Schwarz
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597.,Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang X, Chen E, Tang M, Yang X, Wang Y, Quan Z, Wu X, Luo C. The SMAD2/3 pathway is involved in hepaCAM-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of SMAD2/3 in bladder cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10731-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
12
|
Lanciotti A, Brignone MS, Visentin S, De Nuccio C, Catacuzzeno L, Mallozzi C, Petrini S, Caramia M, Veroni C, Minnone G, Bernardo A, Franciolini F, Pessia M, Bertini E, Petrucci TC, Ambrosini E. Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts protein-1 regulates epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in astrocytes. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:1543-58. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
13
|
Wang X, Chen E, Yang X, Wang Y, Quan Z, Wu X, Luo C. 5-azacytidine inhibits the proliferation of bladder cancer cells via reversal of the aberrant hypermethylation of the hepaCAM gene. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1375-84. [PMID: 26677113 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (hepaCAM), a tumor-suppressor gene, is rarely expressed in bladder carcinoma. However, little is known concerning the mechanisms of low hepaCAM expression in bladder cancer. Abnormal hypermethylation in the promoter plays a crucial role in cancer by silencing tumor-suppressor genes, which is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). In the present study, a total of 31 bladder cancer and 22 adjacent tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry to detect DNMT3A/3B and hepaCAM expression. Methylation of hepaCAM was determined by methylation‑specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). The mRNA and protein levels of DNMT3A/3B and hepaCAM were determined by RT-PCR and western blot analysis after treatment with 5-azacytidine (AZAC). Following AZAC treatment, the proliferation of bladder cancer cells was detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Cell cycle distribution was examined by flow cytometry. To further evaluate the tumor‑suppressive roles of AZAC and the involved mechanisms, the anti-tumorigenicity of AZAC was tested in vivo. The expression of DNMT3A/3B protein was markedly increased in the bladder carcinoma tissues (P<0.05), and had a negative linear correlation with hepaCAM expression in the same patients according to Pearson's analysis (r=-0.7176/-0.7127, P<0.05). The MSP results indicated that the hepaCAM gene was hypermethylated in three bladder cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we found that downregulation of DNMT3A/3B expression, after treatment with AZAC, reversed the hypermethylation and expression of hepaCAM in bladder cancer cells. In addition, AZAC inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer cells and arrested cells at the G0/G1 phase. The in vivo results showed that expression of DNMT3A/3B and hepaCAM as well as tumor growth of nude mice were markedly altered which corresponded with the in vitro results. Due to the ability to reactivate expression of hepaCAM and inhibit growth of bladder cancer cells, AZAC may represent an effective treatment for bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - E Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Quan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Du HF, Ou LP, Lv CK, Yang X, Song XD, Fan YR, Wu XH, Luo CL. Expression of hepaCAM inhibits bladder cancer cell proliferation via a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent pathway in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:1502-13. [PMID: 26192362 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1071732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously established that hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (hepaCAM), a typical structure of immunoglobulin (Ig)-like adhesion molecules, inhibited the proliferation and the progression of cultured human bladder cancer cells. As increasing evidence reveals that aberrant activation of canonical Wnt pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, and β-catenin serves as a pivotal molecule of Wnt pathway. Then, we explored whether the anti-proliferation effect of hepaCAM was associated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway in human bladder cancer cells. The negative correlation between hepaCAM and β-catenin in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCCB) was found. Follow by, studied the effect of hepaCAM on the key elements of Wnt pathway. Here, Our researches showed that hepaCAM played a central role in modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by interfering nuclear protein levels of β-catenin, leading to down-regulate transcriptional activity of LEF/TCF and its target genes c-Myc and cyclinD1. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that hepaCAM-activated GSK3β led to elevate the phosphorylation of β-catenin, contributing to the aberrant translocation of β-catenin. In addition, Anti-proliferation and associated molecular mechanisms of hepaCAM were demonstrated by using vivo experiment. In conclusion, our reports uncover that expression of hepaCAM suppresses the proliferation of bladder cancer cells through a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fei Du
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College ; Chengdu , PR China
| | - Li-Ping Ou
- b The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education ; Chongqing Medical University ; Chongqing , PR China
| | - Chang-Kun Lv
- c Department of Laboratory Medicine ; Shang qiu Medical College ; Shang qiu , PR China
| | - Xue Yang
- b The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education ; Chongqing Medical University ; Chongqing , PR China
| | - Xue-Dong Song
- b The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education ; Chongqing Medical University ; Chongqing , PR China
| | - Yan-Ru Fan
- b The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education ; Chongqing Medical University ; Chongqing , PR China
| | - Xiao-Hou Wu
- d Department of Urology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ; Chongqing , PR China
| | - Chun-Li Luo
- b The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education ; Chongqing Medical University ; Chongqing , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Inhibition of c-Myc by 10058-F4 induces growth arrest and chemosensitivity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
16
|
Liu N, Li P, Zang S, Liu Q, Ma D, Sun X, Ji C. Novel agent nitidine chloride induces erythroid differentiation and apoptosis in CML cells through c-Myc-miRNAs axis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116880. [PMID: 25647305 PMCID: PMC4315404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene c-Myc plays critical roles in human malignancies including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), suggesting that the discovery of specific agents targeting c-Myc would be extremely valuable for CML treatment. Nitidine Chloride (NC), a natural bioactive alkaloid, is suggested to possess anti-tumor effects. However, the function of NC in leukemia and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been established. In this study, we found that NC induced erythroid differentiation, accompanied by increased expression of erythroid differentiation markers, e. g. α-, ε-, γ-globin, CD235a, CD71 and α-hemoglobin stabilizing protein (AHSP) in CML cells. We also observed that NC induced apoptosis and upregulated cleaved caspase-3 and Parp-1 in K562 cells. These effects were associated with concomitant attenuation of c-Myc. Our study showed that NC treatment in CML cells enhanced phosphorylation of Thr58 residue and subsequently accelerated degradation of c-Myc. A specific group of miRNAs, which had been reported to be activated by c-Myc, mediated biological functions of c-Myc. We found that most of these miRNAs, especially miR-17 and miR-20a showed strong decrement after NC treatment or c-Myc interference. Furthermore, overexpression of c-Myc or miR-17/20a alleviated NC induced differentiation and apoptosis in K562 cells. More importantly, NC enhanced the effects of imatinib in K562 and primary CML cells. We further found that even imatinib resistant CML cell line (K562/G01) and CML primary cells exhibited high sensitivity to NC, which showed potential possibility to overcome imatinib resistance. Taken together, our results clearly suggested that NC promoted erythroid differentiation and apoptosis through c-Myc-miRNAs regulatory axis, providing potential possibility to overcome imatinib resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaolei Zang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Key Lab of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiulian Sun
- Key Lab of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyan Ji
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Obacz J, Takacova M, Brychtova V, Dobes P, Pastorekova S, Vojtesek B, Hrstka R. The role of AGR2 and AGR3 in cancer: similar but not identical. Eur J Cell Biol 2015; 94:139-47. [PMID: 25666661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, highly related members of the protein disulphide isomerase family, anterior gradient protein AGR2 and AGR3, attracted researchers' attention due to their putative involvement in developmental processes and carcinogenesis. While AGR2 has been widely demonstrated as a metastasis-related protein whose elevated expression predicts worse patient outcome, little is known about AGR3's role in tumour biology. Thus, we aim to confront the issue of AGR3 function in physiology and pathology in the following review by comparing this protein with the better-described homologue AGR2. Relying on available data and in silico analyses, we show that AGR proteins are co-expressed or uncoupled in context-dependent manners in diverse carcinomas and healthy tissues. Further, we discuss plausible roles of both proteins in tumour-associated processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis. This work brings new hints and stimulates further thoughts on hitherto unresolved conundrum of anterior gradient protein function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Obacz
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, RECAMO, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martina Takacova
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, RECAMO, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Veronika Brychtova
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, RECAMO, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Dobes
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, RECAMO, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, RECAMO, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, RECAMO, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, RECAMO, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang J, Ma X, Jones HM, Chan LLY, Song F, Zhang W, Bae-Jump VL, Zhou C. Evaluation of the antitumor effects of c-Myc-Max heterodimerization inhibitor 100258-F4 in ovarian cancer cells. J Transl Med 2014; 12:226. [PMID: 25143136 PMCID: PMC4160551 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is the most lethal gynecological cancer due to its silent onset and recurrence with resistance to chemotherapy. Overexpression of oncogene c-Myc is one of the most frequently encountered events present in ovarian carcinoma. Disrupting the function of c-Myc and its downstream target genes is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Our objective was to evaluate the potential effects of small-molecule c-Myc inhibitor, 10058-F4, on ovarian carcinoma cells and the underlying mechanisms by which 10058-F4 exerts its actions. Using MTT assay, colony formation, flow cytometry and Annexin V FITC assays, we found that 10058-F4 significantly inhibited cell proliferation of both SKOV3 and Hey ovarian cancer cells in a dose dependent manner through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle G1 arrest. Treatment with 10058-F4 reduced cellular ATP production and ROS levels in SKOV3 and Hey cells. Consistently, primary cultures of ovarian cancer treated with 10058-F4 showed induction of caspase-3 activity and inhibition of cell proliferation in 15 of 18 cases. The response to 10058-F4 was independent the level of c-Myc protein over-expression in primary cultures of ovarian carcinoma. These novel findings suggest that the growth of ovarian cancer cells is dependent upon c-MYC activity and that targeting c-Myc-Max heterodimerization could be a potential therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Weiyuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Song X, Wang Y, Du H, Fan Y, Yang X, Wang X, Wu X, Luo C. Overexpression of HepaCAM inhibits cell viability and motility through suppressing nucleus translocation of androgen receptor and ERK signaling in prostate cancer. Prostate 2014; 74:1023-33. [PMID: 24811146 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HepaCAM is suppressed in a variety of human cancers, and involved in cell adhesion, growth, migration, invasion, and survival. However, the expression and function of HepaCAM in prostate cancer are still unknown. METHODS HepaCAM expression has been detected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining in prostate cell lines RWPE-1, LNCap, DU145, PC3, and in 75 human prostate tissue specimens, respectively. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation ability was detected by WST-8 assay. The role of HepaCAM in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion was examined by wound healing and transwell assay. And flow cytometry was used to observe the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Then we detected changes of Androgen Receptor translocation and ERK signaling using immunofluorescence staining and western blot after overexpression of HepaCAM. RESULTS The HepaCAM expression was significantly down-regulated in prostate cancer tissues and undetected in prostate cancer cells. However, the low HepaCAM expression was not statistically associated with clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer. Overexpression of HepaCAM in prostate cancer cells decreased the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced the cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, HepaCAM prevented the androgen receptor translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and down-regulated the MAPK/ERK signaling. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that HepaCAM acted as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. HepaCAM inhibited cell viability and motility which might be through suppressing the nuclear translocation of Androgen Receptor and down-regulating the ERK signaling. Therefore, it was indicated that HepaCAM may be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Song
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tan B, Tan J, Du H, Quan Z, Xu X, Jiang X, Luo C, Wu X. HepaCAM inhibits clear cell renal carcinoma 786-0 cell proliferation via blocking PKCε translocation from cytoplasm to plasma membrane. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 391:95-102. [PMID: 24515280 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-1991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (HepaCAM) plays a crucial role in tumor progression and has been recognized as a novel tumor suppressor gene. The high protein expression level of protein kinase Cε (PKCε) has been discovered in many tumor types. In the present study, we determined HepaCAM and PKCε protein levels in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues and analyzed the correlation between them. We observed an inverse relationship in the expression of HepaCAM and PKCε in ccRCC and adjacent normal tissues. In ccRCC tissue, HepaCAM expression was undetectable while PKCε expression was high; the opposite was found in the adjacent normal tissue. Western blot analysis demonstrated that PKCε cytosolic protein levels increased while plasma membrane protein levels decreased without any change in total protein following infection of the ccRCC cell line 786-0 with adenovirus-GFP-HepaCAM (Ad-GFP-HepaCAM). Moreover, the application of Ad-GFP-HepaCAM combined with a PKCε-specific translocation inhibitor (εV1-2) effectively inhibited 786-0 cell growth. Ad-mediated expression of HepaCAM in 786-0 cells reduced the levels of phosphorylated AKT and cyclin D1 and inhibited cell proliferation. In summary, our studies point to interesting connections between HepaCAM and PKCε in tissues and in vitro. HepaCAM may prevent the translocation of PKCε from cytosolic to particulate fractions, resulting in the inhibition of 786-0 cell proliferation. Therapeutic manipulation of these novel protein targets may provide new ways of treating ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barrallo-Gimeno A, Estévez R. GlialCAM, a glial cell adhesion molecule implicated in neurological disease. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2014; 8:47-59. [PMID: 25300132 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8090-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
GlialCAM (also named HepaCAM) is a cell adhesion molecule expressed mainly in glial cells from the central nervous system and the liver. GlialCAM plays different roles according to its cellular context. In epithelial cell lines, overexpression of GlialCAM increases cell adhesion and motility but also inhibits cell growth in tumor cell lines, leading to senescence. In glial cells, however, its function is quite different. GlialCAM acts a regulator of subcellular traffic of MLC1, a protein with unknown function involved in the pathogenesis of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC), a rare neurological condition. Moreover, GlialCAM itself has been found to be responsible for some of the cases of this disease. Additionally, GlialCAM also works as an auxiliary subunit of the chloride channel ClC-2, regulating its targeting to cell-cell junctions and modifying its functional properties. In summary, GlialCAM has different functions not only related to its adhesive nature, and defects in these functions lead to neurological disease.
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang Q, Luo C, Wu X, Du H, Song X, Fan Y. hepaCAM and p-mTOR Closely Correlate in Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma and hepaCAM Expression Inhibits Proliferation via an AMPK/mTOR Dependent Pathway in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. J Urol 2013; 190:1912-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University and Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (XW), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunli Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University and Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (XW), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University and Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (XW), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfei Du
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University and Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (XW), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuedong Song
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University and Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (XW), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanru Fan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University and Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (XW), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pedica F, Ruzzenente A, Bagante F, Capelli P, Cataldo I, Pedron S, Iacono C, Chilosi M, Scarpa A, Brunelli M, Tomezzoli A, Martignoni G, Guglielmi A. A re-emerging marker for prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: the add-value of fishing c-myc gene for early relapse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68203. [PMID: 23874541 PMCID: PMC3707955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one leading cause of cancer-related death and surgical resection is still one of the major curative therapies. Recently, there has been a major effort to find mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis and early relapse. c-myc gene abnormality is found in hepatocarcinogenesis. Our aim was to analyze the role of c-myc as prognostic factor in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival and to investigate if c-myc may be an important target for therapy. We studied sixty-five hepatocellular carcinomas submitted to surgical resection with curative intent. Size, macro-microvascular invasion, necrosis, number of nodules, grading and serum alfa-fetoprotein level were registered for all cases. We evaluated the c-myc aberrations by using break-apart FISH probes. Probes specific for the centromeric part of chromosome 8 and for the locus specific c-myc gene (8q24) were used to assess disomy, gains of chromosomes (polysomy due to polyploidy) and amplification. c-myc gene amplification was scored as 8q24/CEP8 > 2. Statistical analysis for disease-free survival and overall survival were performed. At molecular level, c-myc was amplified in 19% of hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas showed gains in 55% and set wild in 26% of cases. The 1- and 3-year disease-free survival and overall survival for disomic, polysomic and amplified groups were significantly different (p=0.020 and p=.018 respectively). Multivariate analysis verified that the AFP and c-myc status (amplified vs. not amplified) were significant prognostic factors for overall patients survival. c-myc gene amplification is significantly correlated with disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection and this model identifies patients with risk of early relapse (≤12 months). We suggest that c-myc assessment may be introduced in the clinical practice for improving prognostication (high and low risk of relapse) routinely and may have be proposed as biomarker of efficacy to anti-c-myc targeted drugs in clinical trials.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/physiology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Early Detection of Cancer/methods
- Female
- Genes, myc/physiology
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prognosis
- Recurrence
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pedica
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery "A", GB Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Medical School, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabio Bagante
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery "A", GB Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Medical School, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Capelli
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ivana Cataldo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Serena Pedron
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Calogero Iacono
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery "A", GB Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Medical School, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Chilosi
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Tomezzoli
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, dO DAI Pathology and Diagnostic, Verona, Italy
| | - Guido Martignoni
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, FISH Molecular Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Diagnostic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alfredo Guglielmi
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery "A", GB Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Medical School, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
van der Knaap MS, Boor I, Estévez R. Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts: chronic white matter oedema due to a defect in brain ion and water homoeostasis. Lancet Neurol 2012; 11:973-85. [PMID: 23079554 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is characterised by chronic white matter oedema. The disease has an infantile onset and leads to slow neurological deterioration in most cases, but, surprisingly, some patients recover. The first disease gene, MLC1, identified in 2001, is mutated in 75% of patients. At that time, nothing was known about MLC1 protein function and the pathophysiology of MLC. More recently, HEPACAM (also called GLIALCAM) has been identified as a second disease gene. GlialCAM serves as an escort for MLC1 and the chloride channel CLC2. The defect in MLC1 has been shown to hamper the cell volume regulation of astrocytes. One of the most important consequences involves the potassium siphoning process, which is essential in brain ion and water homoeostasis. An understanding of the mechanisms of white matter oedema in MLC is emerging. Further insight into the specific function of MLC1 is necessary to find treatment targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Pediatrics/Child Neurology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Klatte T, Kroeger N, Rampersaud EN, Birkhäuser FD, Logan JE, Sonn G, Riss J, Rao PN, Kabbinavar FF, Belldegrun AS, Pantuck AJ. Gain of chromosome 8q is associated with metastases and poor survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 2012; 118:5777-82. [PMID: 22605478 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.27607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of chromosome 8q gain in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and to correlate the findings with tumor phenotype and disease-specific survival (DSS). METHODS The tumor karyotypes of 336 consecutive patients with CCRCC were prospectively evaluated with classical cytogenetic analysis. Chromosome 8q status was correlated with clinicopathological variables, and its impact on DSS was evaluated. RESULTS Gain of 8q occurred in 28 tumors (8.3%). Gain of 8q was associated with a higher risk of regional lymph node (21.4% vs 6.2%, P = .011) and distant metastases (50.0% vs 24.4%, P = .006), and greater tumor sizes (P = .030). Patients with gain of 8q had a 3.22-fold increased risk of death from CCRCC (P < .001). In multivariable analysis, gain of 8q was identified as an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio, 2.37; P = .006). The concordance index of a multivariable base model increased significantly following inclusion of 8q gain (P = .0015). CONCLUSIONS Gain of chromosome 8q occurs in a subset of CCRCCs and is associated with an increased risk of metastases and death from CCRCC. Because the proto-oncogene c-MYC is among the list of candidate genes located on 8q, our data suggest that these tumors may have unique pathways activated, which are associated with an aggressive tumor phenotype. If confirmed, defining tumors with gain of 8q may assist in identifying patients who would benefit for specific c-MYC inhibitors or agents that target the MAPK/ERK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Klatte
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urologic Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-7384, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|