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Adamowicz K, Arend L, Maier A, Schmidt JR, Kuster B, Tsoy O, Zolotareva O, Baumbach J, Laske T. Proteomic meta-study harmonization, mechanotyping and drug repurposing candidate prediction with ProHarMeD. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:49. [PMID: 37816770 PMCID: PMC10564802 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomics technologies, which include a diverse range of approaches such as mass spectrometry-based, array-based, and others, are key technologies for the identification of biomarkers and disease mechanisms, referred to as mechanotyping. Despite over 15,000 published studies in 2022 alone, leveraging publicly available proteomics data for biomarker identification, mechanotyping and drug target identification is not readily possible. Proteomic data addressing similar biological/biomedical questions are made available by multiple research groups in different locations using different model organisms. Furthermore, not only various organisms are employed but different assay systems, such as in vitro and in vivo systems, are used. Finally, even though proteomics data are deposited in public databases, such as ProteomeXchange, they are provided at different levels of detail. Thus, data integration is hampered by non-harmonized usage of identifiers when reviewing the literature or performing meta-analyses to consolidate existing publications into a joint picture. To address this problem, we present ProHarMeD, a tool for harmonizing and comparing proteomics data gathered in multiple studies and for the extraction of disease mechanisms and putative drug repurposing candidates. It is available as a website, Python library and R package. ProHarMeD facilitates ID and name conversions between protein and gene levels, or organisms via ortholog mapping, and provides detailed logs on the loss and gain of IDs after each step. The web tool further determines IDs shared by different studies, proposes potential disease mechanisms as well as drug repurposing candidates automatically, and visualizes these results interactively. We apply ProHarMeD to a set of four studies on bone regeneration. First, we demonstrate the benefit of ID harmonization which increases the number of shared genes between studies by 50%. Second, we identify a potential disease mechanism, with five corresponding drug targets, and the top 20 putative drug repurposing candidates, of which Fondaparinux, the candidate with the highest score, and multiple others are known to have an impact on bone regeneration. Hence, ProHarMeD allows users to harmonize multi-centric proteomics research data in meta-analyses, evaluates the success of the ID conversions and remappings, and finally, it closes the gaps between proteomics, disease mechanism mining and drug repurposing. It is publicly available at https://apps.cosy.bio/proharmed/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Adamowicz
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Lis Arend
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Andreas Maier
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Johannes R Schmidt
- Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Olga Tsoy
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
| | - Olga Zolotareva
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5230, Denmark
| | - Tanja Laske
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.
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Ahmad K, Budoff MJ, Delaney JA, Mao S, Gao Y, Nasir K, Tracy R, Li D. Association of Aspirin and Other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs With Vertebral Trabecular Bone: Data From Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, a Population-Based Multicenter Cohort Study. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2020; 44:562-568. [PMID: 32697527 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this article was to study the association of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS Spine BMD was evaluated in a subset of 2028 participants from the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort who were NSAID users (including aspirin) and underwent both lumbar and thoracic imaging. Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis is a prospective cohort study that includes 4 ethnic groups (white, Asian, African American, and Hispanic). Trabecular BMD was evaluated by quantitative computed tomography based on cardiac computed tomography images, which were obtained during coronary calcium scans. The analyses were cross sectional using baseline examination data for exposure and outcomes. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders including age, sex, race, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, a small association between trabecular BMD and baseline use of COX-2-selective NSAID was observed. COX-2-selective NSAID use was associated with 7.4 mg/cm (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-13.3; P = 0. 013) higher trabecular BMD in thoracic spine and 10.6 mg/cm higher at lumbar spine (95% CI, 5.1-16.1; P < 0.001). Among regular aspirin users, there was no association between drug use and trabecular BMD. Considering all spine fractures together, the prevalence ratio of fractures among aspirin users was 1.0 (95% CI, 0.6-1.6) and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.5-2.3) among COX-2-selective NSAID users. CONCLUSIONS Regular use of aspirin has no significant association with trabecular BMD in either the thoracic or lumbar spine and no association with fracture prevalence. COX-2-selective NSAIDs may have modest positive association with BMD, but the mechanisms were not assessed and the observational study design makes residual confounding a possible alternate explanation. Potential pathological mechanisms warrant further longitudinal exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadije Ahmad
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | | | - SongShou Mao
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Yanlin Gao
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Department of Medicine, Population Health and Health Systems Research, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale University, Houston Methodist, Houston TX
| | - Russell Tracy
- Department of Pathology, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington VT
| | - Dong Li
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
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Deng Z, Lin B, Jiang Z, Huang W, Li J, Zeng X, Wang H, Wang D, Zhang Y. Hypoxia-Mimicking Cobalt-Doped Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Scaffolds with Enhanced Angiogenic and Osteogenic Capacity for Bone Regeneration. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1113-1124. [PMID: 31223273 PMCID: PMC6567802 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.32358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The osteogenic capacity of synthetic bone substitutes is will be highly stimulated by a well-established functional vascularized network. Cobalt (Co) ions are known that can generate a hypoxia-like response and stimulates the production of kinds of angiogenic factors. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of cobalt-doped bioactive borosilicate (36B2O3, 22CaO, 18SiO2, 8MgO, 8K2O, 6Na2O, 2P2O5; mol%) glass scaffolds for bone tissues repairing and blood vessel formation in the critical-sized cranial defect site of rats and their effects on the hBMSCs in vitro were researched. The scaffolds can control release Co2+ ions and convert into hydroxyapatite soaking in simulative body fluids (SBF). The fabircated scaffolds without cytotoxic strongly improves HIF-1α generation, VEGF protein secretion, ALP activity and upregulates the expression of osteoblast and angiogenic relative genes in hBMSCs. Eight weeks after implantation, the bioactive glass scaffolds with 3wt % CoO remarkablely enhance bone regeneration and blood vascularized network at the defective site. In conclusion, as a graft material for bone defects, low-oxygen simulated cobalt-doped bioactive glass scaffold is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, South Campus of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated of Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences, 279 zhouzhu road, Shanghai 220120, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Bocai Lin
- Laboratory for Advance Lubricating Materials, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenghui Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiusheng Li
- Laboratory for Advance Lubricating Materials, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqiong Zeng
- Laboratory for Advance Lubricating Materials, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Laboratory for Advance Lubricating Materials, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Deping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, South Campus of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated of Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences, 279 zhouzhu road, Shanghai 220120, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Affiliated of Southern Medical University, Shanghai 201400, People's Republic of China
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Wang D, Liu Y, Yang X, Zhou J. Hypoxic preconditioning enhances cell hypoxia tolerance and correlated lncRNA and mRNA analysis. Life Sci 2018; 208:46-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Li X, Yang J, Bao M, Zeng K, Fu S, Wang C, Ye L. Wnt signaling in bone metastasis: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Life Sci 2018; 208:33-45. [PMID: 29969609 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis frequently occurs in advanced cancer patients, who will develop osteogenic/osteolytic bone lesions in the late stage of the disease. Wnt signaling pathway, which is mainly grouped into the β-catenin dependent pathway and β-catenin independent pathway, is a well-organized cascade that has been reported to play important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions, including bone metastasis. Regulation of Wnt signaling in bone metastasis involves multiple stages, including dissemination of primary tumor cells to bone, dormancy and outgrowth of metastatic tumor cells, and tumor-induced osteogenic and osteolytic bone destruction, suggesting the importance of Wnt signaling in bone metastasis pathology. In this review, we will introduce the involvement of Wnt signaling components in specific bone metastasis stages and summarize the promising Wnt modulators that have shown potential as bone metastasis therapeutics, in the hope to maximize the therapeutic opportunities of Wnt signaling for bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minyue Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shijin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Zhang H, Barralet JE. Mimicking oxygen delivery and waste removal functions of blood. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 122:84-104. [PMID: 28214553 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In addition to immunological and wound healing cell and platelet delivery, ion stasis and nutrient supply, blood delivers oxygen to cells and tissues and removes metabolic wastes. For decades researchers have been trying to develop approaches that mimic these two immediately vital functions of blood. Oxygen is crucial for the long-term survival of tissues and cells in vertebrates. Hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) and even at times anoxia (absence of oxygen) can occur during organ preservation, organ and cell transplantation, wound healing, in tumors and engineering of tissues. Different approaches have been developed to deliver oxygen to tissues and cells, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), normobaric hyperoxia therapy (NBOT), using biochemical reactions and electrolysis, employing liquids with high oxygen solubility, administering hemoglobin, myoglobin and red blood cells (RBCs), introducing oxygen-generating agents, using oxygen-carrying microparticles, persufflation, and peritoneal oxygenation. Metabolic waste accumulation is another issue in biological systems when blood flow is insufficient. Metabolic wastes change the microenvironment of cells and tissues, influence the metabolic activities of cells, and ultimately cause cell death. This review examines advances in blood mimicking systems in the field of biomedical engineering in terms of oxygen delivery and metabolic waste removal.
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Liu C, Tsai AL, Li PC, Huang CW, Wu CC. Endothelial differentiation of bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells applicable to hypoxia and increased migration through Akt and NFκB signals. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:29. [PMID: 28173835 PMCID: PMC5296962 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are used to repair hypoxic or ischemic tissue. However, the underlining mechanism of resistance in the hypoxic microenvironment and the efficacy of migration to the injured tissue are still unknown. The current study aims to understand the hypoxia resistance and migration ability of MSCs during differentiation toward endothelial lineages by biochemical and mechanical stimuli. METHOD MSCs were harvested from the bone marrow of 6-8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The endothelial growth medium (EGM) was added to MSCs for 3 days to initiate endothelial differentiation. Laminar shear stress was used as the fluid mechanical stimulation. RESULTS Application of EGM facilitated the early endothelial lineage cells (eELCs) to express EPC markers. When treating the hypoxic mimetic desferrioxamine, both MSCs and eELCs showed resistance to hypoxia as compared with the occurrence of apoptosis in rat fibroblasts. The eELCs under hypoxia increased the wound closure and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) gene expression. Although the shear stress promoted eELC maturation and aligned cells parallel to the flow direction, their migration ability was not superior to that of eELCs either under normoxia or hypoxia. The eELCs showed higher protein expressions of CXCR4, phosphorylated Akt (pAkt), and endogenous NFκB and IκBα than MSCs under both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. The potential migratory signals were discovered by inhibiting either Akt or NFκB using specific inhibitors and revealed decreases of wound closure and transmigration ability in eELCs. CONCLUSION The Akt and NFκB pathways are important to regulate the early endothelial differentiation and its migratory ability under a hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Center, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - An-Ly Tsai
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chia Li
- Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Vrtačnik P, Marc J, Ostanek B. Hypoxia mimetic deferoxamine influences the expression of histone acetylation- and DNA methylation-associated genes in osteoblasts. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:228-35. [PMID: 25674819 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1017573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Sufficient oxygen supply to bone tissue is essential for normal bone development and efficient bone repair. Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) signaling pathway have been shown to exhibit profound effects on proliferation, differentiation as well as gene and protein expression in osteoblasts, osteoclasts and mesenchymal stem cells; however, as epigenetic mechanisms also perform an important regulatory role in these cells, our aim was to elucidate whether hypoxia mimetic deferoxamine could influence epigenetic mechanisms in bone cells by modulating the gene expression levels of chromatin-modifying enzymes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Osteoblast cell line HOS was exposed to deferoxamine, a widely used hypoxia mimetic, and expression profile of 40 genes associated with histone acetylation, deacetylation and DNA methylation was determined using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) array followed by individual qPCR analyses. In addition, genes associated with hypoxia response, RANK/RANKL/OPG system, WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway and oxidative stress were also analyzed. RESULTS We observed induced expression of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) and suppressed expression of K(lysine) acetyltransferase 5 (KAT5) and DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) demonstrating for the first time that expression of genes encoding chromatin-modifying enzymes could be influenced by hypoxia mimetic in HOS cells. CONCLUSIONS Based on our results we can conclude that hypoxia mimetic deferoxamine influences expression of histone acetylation- and DNA methylation-associated genes in osteoblasts and that further studies of hypoxia-induced epigenetic changes in bone cells should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vrtačnik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia
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Chen YC, Lin YH, Wang SH, Lin SP, Shung KK, Wu CC. Monitoring tissue inflammation and responses to drug treatments in early stages of mice bone fracture using 50 MHz ultrasound. ULTRASONICS 2014; 54:177-186. [PMID: 23871514 PMCID: PMC4047674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bone fracture induces moderate inflammatory responses that are regulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) or 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) for initiating tissue repair and bone formation. Only a handful of non-invasive techniques focus on monitoring acute inflammation of injured bone currently exists. In the current study, we monitored in vivo inflammation levels during the initial 2 weeks of the inflammatory stage after mouse bone fracture utilizing 50 MHz ultrasound. The acquired ultrasonic images were correlated well with histological examinations. After the bone fracture in the tibia, dynamic changes in the soft tissue at the medial-posterior compartment near the fracture site were monitored by ultrasound on the days of 0, 2, 4, 7, and 14. The corresponding echogenicity increased on the 2nd, 4th, and 7th day, and subsequently declined to basal levels after the 14th day. An increase of cell death was identified by the positive staining of deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and was consistent with ultrasound measurements. The increases of both COX-2 and Leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1, 5-LO-relative receptor), which are regulators for tissue inflammation, in the immunohistochemistry staining revealed their involvement in bone fracture injury. Monitoring the inflammatory response to various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) treatments was investigated by treating injured mice with a daily oral intake of aspirin (Asp), indomethacin (IND), and a selective COX-2 inhibitor (SC-236). The Asp treatment significantly reduced fracture-increased echogenicity (hyperechogenicity, p<0.05) in ultrasound images as well as inhibited cell death, and expression of COX-2 and BLT1. In contrast, treatment with IND or SC-236 did not reduce the hyperechogenicity, as confirmed by cell death (TUNEL) and expression levels of COX-2 or BLT1. Taken together, the current study reports the feasibility of a non-invasive ultrasound method capable of monitoring post-fracture tissue inflammation that positively correlates with histological findings. Results of this study also suggest that this approach may be further applied to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of inflammatory processes and to develop therapeutic strategies for facilitating fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chu Chen
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsun Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Hau Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Medical Device and Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - K. Kirk Shung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Medical Device and Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Functional recoveries of sciatic nerve regeneration by combining chitosan-coated conduit and neurosphere cells induced from adipose-derived stem cells. Biomaterials 2013; 35:2234-44. [PMID: 24360575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Suboptimal repair occurs in a peripheral nerve gap, which can be partially restored by bridging the gap with various biosynthetic conduits or cell-based therapy. In this study, we developed a combination of chitosan coating approach to induce neurosphere cells from human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on chitosan-coated plate and then applied these cells to the interior of a chitosan-coated silicone tube to bridge a 10-mm gap in a rat sciatic nerve. Myelin sheath degeneration and glial scar formation were discovered in the nerve bridged by the silicone conduit. By using a single treatment of chitosan-coated conduit or neurosphere cell therapy, the nerve gap was partially recovered after 6 weeks of surgery. Substantial improvements in nerve regeneration were achieved by combining neurosphere cells and chitosan-coated conduit based on the increase of myelinated axons density and myelin thickness, gastrocnemius muscle weight and muscle fiber diameter, and step and stride lengths from gait analysis. High expressions of interleukin-1β and leukotriene B4 receptor 1 in the intra-neural scarring caused by using silicone conduits revealed that the inflammatory mechanism can be inhibited when the conduit is coated with chitosan. This study demonstrated that the chitosan-coated surface performs multiple functions that can be used to induce neurosphere cells from ASCs and to facilitate nerve regeneration in combination with a cells-assisted coated conduit.
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Kermanizadeh A, Gaiser BK, Ward MB, Stone V. Primary human hepatocytes versus hepatic cell line: assessing their suitability for in vitro nanotoxicology. Nanotoxicology 2012; 7:1255-71. [PMID: 23009365 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2012.734341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of hepatocyte cell lines as a replacement for animal models have been heavily criticised mainly due to low expression of metabolism enzymes. This study compares primary human hepatocytes with the C3A cell line and with respect to their response to a panel of nanomaterials (NMs; two ZnO, two MWCNTs, one Ag and one positively functionalised TiO₂). The cell line was very comparable with the primary hepatocytes with regards to their cytotoxic response to the NMs (Ag > uncoated ZnO > coated ZnO). The LC₅₀ was not attained in the presence of the MWCNTs and the TiO₂ NMs. All NMs significantly increased IL-8 production, with no change in levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Albumin production was measured as an indicator of hepatic function. The authors found no change in levels of albumin with the exception of the coated ZnO NM at the LC₅₀ concentration. NM uptake was similar for both the primary hepatocytes and C3A cells as investigated by TEM. Meanwhile, the authors confirmed greater levels of CYP450 activity in untreated primary cells. This study demonstrates that the C3A cell line is a good model for investigating NM-induced hepatocyte responses with respect to uptake, cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokine production and albumin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kermanizadeh
- Heriot-Watt University, School of Life Sciences, John Muir Building , Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
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Zbidah M, Lupescu A, Yang W, Bosc A, Jilani K, Shaik N, Lang F. Sulindac sulfide--induced stimulation of eryptosis. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012. [PMID: 23202471 DOI: 10.1159/000341483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulindac sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), stimulates apoptosis of tumor cells and is thus effective against malignancy. In analogy to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may undergo eryptosis, an apoptosis-like suicidal erythrocyte death, characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine-exposure at the cell surface. Stimulators of eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca(2+)-activity ([Ca(2+)](i)) and ceramide formation. The present study explored, whether sulindac sulfide stimulates eryptosis. METHODS [Ca(2+)](i) was estimated from Fluo-3 fluorescence, cell volume from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine-exposure from binding of fluorescent annexin-V, hemolysis from hemoglobin release, and ceramide abundance utilizing fluorescent antibodies. RESULTS A 48 h exposure to sulindac sulfide (≤ 20 µM) was followed by significant increase of [Ca(2+)](i), enhanced ceramide abundance, decreased forward scatter and increased percentage of annexin-V-binding erythrocytes. Sulindac sulfide triggered slight but significant hemolysis. Removal of extracellular Ca(2+) significantly blunted, but did not abrogate the effect of sulindac sulfide (20 µM) on annexin-V-binding. CONCLUSION Sulindac sulfide stimulates the suicidal death of erythrocytes or eryptosis, an effect paralleled by Ca(2+)-entry, ceramide formation, cell shrinkage and phosphatidylserine-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Zbidah
- Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Yeh CC, Yang JI, Lee JC, Tseng CN, Chan YC, Hseu YC, Tang JY, Chuang LY, Huang HW, Chang FR, Chang HW. Anti-proliferative effect of methanolic extract of Gracilaria tenuistipitata on oral cancer cells involves apoptosis, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 12:142. [PMID: 22937998 PMCID: PMC3495219 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Methanolic extracts of Gracilaria tenuistipitata (MEGT) were obtained from the edible red algae. Previously, we found that water extract of G. tenuistipitata was able to modulate oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and its related cellular responses. Methods In this study, the methanol extraction product MEGT was used to evaluate the cell growth inhibition in oral cancer cells and its possible mechanism was investigated. Results The cell viability of MEGT treated Ca9-22 oral cancer cell line was significantly decreased in a dose–response manner (p < 0.05). The sub-G1 population and annexin V intensity of MEGT-treated Ca9-22 cancer cells were significantly increased in a dose–response manner (p < 0.0005 and p < 0.001, respectively). The γH2AX intensities of MEGT-treated Ca9-22 cancer cells were significantly increased in a dose–response manner (p < 0.05). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH)-positive intensities of MEGT-treated Ca9-22 oral cancer cells were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in a dose–response manner (p < 0.05). The DiOC2(3) intensity for mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of MEGT-treated Ca9-22 cancer cells was significantly decreased in a dose–response manner (p < 0.05). Conclusions These results indicated that MEGT had apoptosis-based cytotoxicity against oral cancer cells through the DNA damage, ROS induction, and mitochondrial depolarization. Therefore, MEGT derived from the edible algae may have potential therapeutic effects against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
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