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Aguado-Alvaro LP, Garitano N, Pelacho B. Fibroblast Diversity and Epigenetic Regulation in Cardiac Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6004. [PMID: 38892192 PMCID: PMC11172550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, a process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, is a common pathological consequence of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) normally resulting in organ failure and death. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play an essential role in deleterious cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. In response to injury, quiescent CFs become activated and adopt a collagen-secreting phenotype highly contributing to cardiac fibrosis. In recent years, studies have been focused on the exploration of molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated in the activation process of CFs, which allow the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. Transcriptomic analyses using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) have helped to elucidate the high cellular diversity and complex intercellular communication networks that CFs establish in the mammalian heart. Furthermore, a significant body of work supports the critical role of epigenetic regulation on the expression of genes involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. The study of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling, has provided more insights into CF activation and fibrotic processes. Targeting epigenetic regulators, especially DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), histone acetylases (HAT), or histone deacetylases (HDAC), has emerged as a promising approach for the development of novel anti-fibrotic therapies. This review focuses on recent transcriptomic advances regarding CF diversity and molecular and epigenetic mechanisms that modulate the activation process of CFs and their possible clinical applications for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pilar Aguado-Alvaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Garitano
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Kim H, Park SY, Lee SY, Kwon JH, Byun S, Kim MJ, Yu S, Yoo JY, Yoon HG. Therapeutic effects of selective p300 histone acetyl-transferase inhibitor on liver fibrosis. BMB Rep 2023; 56:114-119. [PMID: 36593107 PMCID: PMC9978366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by chronic liver damage and results in the aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix during disease progression. Despite the identification of the HAT enzyme p300 as a major factor for liver fibrosis, the development of therapeutic agents targeting the regulation of p300 has not been reported. We validated a novel p300 inhibitor (A6) on the improvement of liver fibrosis using two mouse models, mice on a choline-deficient high-fat diet and thioacetamide-treated mice. We demonstrated that pathological hall-marks of liver fibrosis were significantly diminished by A6 treatment through Masson's trichrome and Sirius red staining on liver tissue and found that A6 treatment reduced the expression of matricellular protein genes. We further showed that A6 treatment improved liver fibrosis by reducing the stability of p300 protein via disruption of p300 binding to AKT. Our findings suggest that targeting p300 through the specific inhibitor A6 has potential as a major therapeutic avenue for treating liver fibrosis. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(2): 114-119].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsik Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seunghee Byun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology Institute of Natural Sciences Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Sungryul Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University MIRAE Campus, Wonju 26493, Korea,Corresponding authors. Jung-Yoon Yoo, Tel: +82-33-760-2861; Fax: +82-33-760-2861; E-mail: ; Ho-Geun Yoon, Tel: +82-2-2228-0835; Fax: +82-2-312-5041; E-mail:
| | - Ho-Geun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea,Corresponding authors. Jung-Yoon Yoo, Tel: +82-33-760-2861; Fax: +82-33-760-2861; E-mail: ; Ho-Geun Yoon, Tel: +82-2-2228-0835; Fax: +82-2-312-5041; E-mail:
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3
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Kim H, Park SY, Lee SY, Kwon JH, Byun S, Kim MJ, Yu S, Yoo JY, Yoon HG. Therapeutic effects of selective p300 histone acetyl-transferase inhibitor on liver fibrosis. BMB Rep 2023; 56:114-119. [PMID: 36593107 PMCID: PMC9978366 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by chronic liver damage and results in the aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix during disease progression. Despite the identification of the HAT enzyme p300 as a major factor for liver fibrosis, the development of therapeutic agents targeting the regulation of p300 has not been reported. We validated a novel p300 inhibitor (A6) on the improvement of liver fibrosis using two mouse models, mice on a choline-deficient high-fat diet and thioacetamide-treated mice. We demonstrated that pathological hall-marks of liver fibrosis were significantly diminished by A6 treatment through Masson's trichrome and Sirius red staining on liver tissue and found that A6 treatment reduced the expression of matricellular protein genes. We further showed that A6 treatment improved liver fibrosis by reducing the stability of p300 protein via disruption of p300 binding to AKT. Our findings suggest that targeting p300 through the specific inhibitor A6 has potential as a major therapeutic avenue for treating liver fibrosis. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(2): 114-119].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsik Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seunghee Byun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology Institute of Natural Sciences Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Sungryul Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University MIRAE Campus, Wonju 26493, Korea
| | - Ho-Geun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Severance Medical Research Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Shao J, Liu J, Zuo S. Roles of Epigenetics in Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152347. [PMID: 35954191 PMCID: PMC9367448 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathophysiologic process associated with numerous cardiovascular diseases, resulting in cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play an important role in the production of the extracellular matrix and are the essential cell type in a quiescent state in a healthy heart. In response to diverse pathologic stress and environmental stress, resident CFs convert to activated fibroblasts, referred to as myofibroblasts, which produce more extracellular matrix, contributing to cardiac fibrosis. Although multiple molecular mechanisms are implicated in CFs activation and cardiac fibrosis, there is increasing evidence that epigenetic regulation plays a key role in this process. Epigenetics is a rapidly growing field in biology, and provides a modulated link between pathological stimuli and gene expression profiles, ultimately leading to corresponding pathological changes. Epigenetic modifications are mainly composed of three main categories: DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. This review focuses on recent advances regarding epigenetic regulation in cardiac fibrosis and highlights the effects of epigenetic modifications on CFs activation. Finally, we provide some perspectives and prospects for the study of epigenetic modifications and cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Shao
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Jiao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Shengkai Zuo
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;
- Correspondence:
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Chelladurai P, Boucherat O, Stenmark K, Kracht M, Seeger W, Bauer UM, Bonnet S, Pullamsetti SS. Targeting histone acetylation in pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:54-71. [PMID: 31749139 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), have been known to regulate chromatin structure and lineage-specific gene expression during cardiovascular development and disease. However, alterations in the landscape of histone PTMs and their contribution to the pathogenesis of incurable cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension (PH) and associated right heart failure (RHF) remain largely unexplored. This review focusses on the studies in PH and RHF that investigated the gene families that write (histone acetyltransferases), read (bromodomain-containing proteins) or erase (histone deacetylases [HDACs] and sirtuins [SIRT]) acetyl moieties from the ε-amino group of lysine residues of histones and non-histone proteins. Analysis of cells and tissues isolated from the in vivo preclinical models of PH and human pulmonary arterial hypertension not only confirmed significant alterations in the expression levels of multiple HDACs, SIRT1, SIRT3 and BRD4 proteins but also demonstrated their strong association to proliferative, inflammatory and fibrotic phenotypes linked to the pathological vascular remodelling process. Due to the reversible nature of post-translational protein acetylation, the therapeutic efficacy of numerous small-molecule inhibitors (vorinostat, valproic acid, sodium butyrate, mocetinostat, entinostat, tubastatin A, apabetalone, JQ1 and resveratrol) have been evaluated in different preclinical models of cardiovascular disease, which revealed the promising therapeutic benefits of targeting histone acetylation pathways in the attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, left heart dysfunction, PH and RHF. This review also emphasizes the need for deeper molecular insights into the contribution of epigenetic changes to PH pathogenesis and therapeutic evaluation of isoform-specific modulation in ex vivo and in vivo models of PH and RHF. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chelladurai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Olivier Boucherat
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Kurt Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatrics-Critical Care, Depts of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael Kracht
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Uta-Maria Bauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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Rai R, Sun T, Ramirez V, Lux E, Eren M, Vaughan DE, Ghosh AK. Acetyltransferase p300 inhibitor reverses hypertension-induced cardiac fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3026-3031. [PMID: 30710427 PMCID: PMC6433695 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Previously, we reported that acetyltransferase p300 (ATp300) inhibitor L002 prevents hypertension‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in a murine model. In this short communication, we show that treatment of hypertensive mice with ATp300‐specific small molecule inhibitor L002 or C646 reverses hypertension‐induced left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction, without reducing elevated blood pressures. Biochemically, treatment with L002 and C646 also reverse hypertension‐induced histone acetylation and myofibroblast differentiation in murine ventricles. Our results confirm and extend the role of ATp300, a major epigenetic regulator, in the pathobiology of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Most importantly, we identify the efficacies of ATp300 inhibitors C646 and L002 in reversing hypertension‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and discover new anti‐hypertrophic and anti‐fibrotic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rai
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Tianjiao Sun
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Veronica Ramirez
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Elizabeth Lux
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Mesut Eren
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Douglas E Vaughan
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Asish K Ghosh
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Rai R, Verma SK, Kim D, Ramirez V, Lux E, Li C, Sahoo S, Wilsbacher LD, Vaughan DE, Quaggin SE, Ghosh AK. A novel acetyltransferase p300 inhibitor ameliorates hypertension-associated cardio-renal fibrosis. Epigenetics 2017; 12:1004-1013. [PMID: 28933600 PMCID: PMC5788418 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1370173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension-associated end-organ damage commonly leads to cardiac and renal fibrosis. As no effective anti-fibrotic therapy currently exists, the unchecked progression of fibrogenesis manifests as cardio-renal failure and early death. We have previously shown that FATp300-p300 with intrinsic factor acetyltransferase activity-is an essential epigenetic regulator of fibrogenesis, and is elevated in several fibrotic tissues. In this report, we investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a novel FATp300 inhibitor, L002, in a murine model of hypertensive cardio-renal fibrosis. Additionally, we examine the effects of L002 on cellular pro-fibrogenic processes and provide mechanistic insights into its antifibrogenic action. Utilizing cardiac fibroblasts, podocytes, and mesangial cells, we demonstrate that L002 blunts FATp300-mediated acetylation of specific histones. Further, incubating cells with L002 suppresses several pro-fibrogenic processes including cellular proliferation, migration, myofibroblast differentiation and collagen synthesis. Importantly, systemic administration of L002 in mice reduces hypertension-associated pathological hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis and renal fibrosis. The anti-hypertrophic and anti-fibrotic effects of L002 were independent of blood pressure regulation. Our work solidifies the role of epigenetic regulator FATp300 in fibrogenesis and establishes it as a pharmacological target for reducing pathological matrix remodeling and associated pathologies. Additionally, we discover a new therapeutic role of L002, as it ameliorates hypertension-induced cardio-renal fibrosis and antagonizes pro-fibrogenic responses in fibroblasts, podocytes and mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rai
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Suresh K Verma
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - David Kim
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Veronica Ramirez
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Elizabeth Lux
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Chengjin Li
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Lisa D Wilsbacher
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Douglas E Vaughan
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Susan E Quaggin
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Asish K Ghosh
- a Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois , USA
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Walczyk M, Paradowska-Gorycka A, Olesinska M. Epigenetics: The Future Direction in Systemic Sclerosis. Scand J Immunol 2017; 86:427-435. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Walczyk
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
| | - A. Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
| | - M. Olesinska
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
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Wei J, Ghosh AK, Chu H, Fang F, Hinchcliff ME, Wang J, Marangoni RG, Varga J. The Histone Deacetylase Sirtuin 1 Is Reduced in Systemic Sclerosis and Abrogates Fibrotic Responses by Targeting Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:1323-34. [PMID: 25707573 DOI: 10.1002/art.39061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Persistent fibroblast activation underlies skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc), but the transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms controlling this process are not well understood. In view of the potent influence of acetylation status governing tissue fibrosis, we undertook this study to investigate the expression of the antiaging deacetylase enzyme sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in SSc and its effects on fibrotic responses in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Tissue expression of SIRTs was interrogated from publicly available genome-wide expression data sets and by immunohistochemistry. The effects of SIRT1 on modulating fibrotic responses, as well as the underlying mechanisms, were examined in human and mouse fibroblasts in culture and in an experimental fibrosis model in the mouse. RESULTS Analysis of transcriptome data revealed a selective reduction of SIRT1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in SSc skin biopsy samples as well as a negative correlation of SIRT1 mRNA with the skin score. Cellular SIRT1 levels were suppressed in normal fibroblasts exposed to hypoxia or platelet-derived growth factor and were constitutively down-regulated in SSc fibroblasts. Activation of SIRT1 attenuated fibrotic responses in skin fibroblasts and skin organ cultures, while genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of SIRT1 had profibrotic effects. The antifibrotic effects of SIRT1 were due in part to decreased expression and function of the acetyltransferase p300. In mice, experimentally induced skin fibrosis was accompanied by reduced SIRT1 expression in lesional tissue fibroblasts, and both fibrosis and loss of SIRT1 in these mice were mitigated by treatment with a SIRT1 activator. CONCLUSION SIRT1 has antifibrotic effects, and its reduced tissue expression in patients with SSc might have a direct causal role in progression of fibrosis. Pharmacologic modulation of SIRT1 in these patients therefore might represent a potential treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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