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Blanchett R, Lau KH, Pfeifer GP. Homeobox and Polycomb target gene methylation in human solid tumors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13912. [PMID: 38886487 PMCID: PMC11183203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that plays an important role in defining cancer phenotypes, with global hypomethylation and focal hypermethylation at CpG islands observed in tumors. These methylation marks can also be used to define tumor types and provide an avenue for biomarker identification. The homeobox gene class is one that has potential for this use, as well as other genes that are Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 targets. To begin to unravel this relationship, we performed a pan-cancer DNA methylation analysis using sixteen Illumina HM450k array datasets from TCGA, delving into cancer-specific qualities and commonalities between tumor types with a focus on homeobox genes. Our comparisons of tumor to normal samples suggest that homeobox genes commonly harbor significant hypermethylated differentially methylated regions. We identified two homeobox genes, HOXA3 and HOXD10, that are hypermethylated in all 16 cancer types. Furthermore, we identified several potential homeobox gene biomarkers from our analysis that are uniquely methylated in only one tumor type and that could be used as screening tools in the future. Overall, our study demonstrates unique patterns of DNA methylation in multiple tumor types and expands on the interplay between the homeobox gene class and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reid Blanchett
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Kin H Lau
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Gerd P Pfeifer
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
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Mu J, Lam SM, Shui G. Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials of sphingolipids in pathophysiology: emphasis on fatty acyl heterogeneity. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:268-278. [PMID: 37364711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids not only exert structural roles in cellular membranes, but also act as signaling molecules in various physiological and pathological processes. A myriad of studies have shown that abnormal levels of sphingolipids and their metabolic enzymes are associated with a variety of human diseases. Moreover, blood sphingolipids can also be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. This review summarizes the biosynthesis, metabolism, and pathological roles of sphingolipids, with emphasis on the biosynthesis of ceramide, the precursor for the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids with different fatty acyl chains. The possibility of using sphingolipids for disease prediction, diagnosis, and treatment is also discussed. Targeting endogenous ceramides and complex sphingolipids along with their specific fatty acyl chain to promote future drug development will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Lipidall Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China.
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Shi H, Tan Z, Duan B, Guo C, Li C, Luan T, Li N, Huang Y, Chen S, Gao J, Feng W, Xu H, Wang J, Fu S, Wang H. LASS2 enhances chemosensitivity to cisplatin by inhibiting PP2A-mediated β-catenin dephosphorylation in a subset of stem-like bladder cancer cells. BMC Med 2024; 22:19. [PMID: 38191448 PMCID: PMC10775422 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of first-line, cisplatin-based chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer are limited due to intrinsic or acquired resistance to cisplatin. Increasing evidence has revealed the implication of cancer stem cells in the development of chemoresistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study investigates the role of LASS2, a ceramide synthase, in regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in a subset of stem-like bladder cancer cells and explores strategies to sensitize bladder cancer to cisplatin treatment. METHODS Data from cohorts of our center and published datasets were used to evaluate the clinical characteristics of LASS2. Flow cytometry was used to sort and analyze bladder cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Tumor sphere formation, soft agar colony formation assay, EdU assay, apoptosis analysis, cell viability, and cisplatin sensitivity assay were used to investigate the functional roles of LASS2. Immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, coimmunoprecipitation, LC-MS, PCR array, luciferase reporter assays, pathway reporter array, chromatin immunoprecipitation, gain-of-function, and loss-of-function approaches were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Cell- and patient-derived xenograft models were used to investigate the effect of LASS2 overexpression and a combination of XAV939 on cisplatin sensitization and tumor growth. RESULTS Patients with low expression of LASS2 have a poorer response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Loss of LASS2 confers a stem-like phenotype and contributes to cisplatin resistance. Overexpression of LASS2 results in inhibition of self-renewal ability of BCSCs and increased their sensitivity to cisplatin. Mechanistically, LASS2 inhibits PP2A activity and dissociates PP2A from β-catenin, preventing the dephosphorylation of β-catenin and leading to the accumulation of cytosolic phospho-β-catenin, which decreases the transcription of the downstream genes ABCC2 and CD44 in BCSCs. Overexpression of LASS2 combined with a tankyrase inhibitor (XAV939) synergistically inhibits tumor growth and restores cisplatin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Targeting the LASS2 and β-catenin pathways may be an effective strategy to overcome cisplatin resistance and inhibit tumor growth in bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Shi
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiyong Tan
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bowen Duan
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunming Guo
- School for Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chong Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Luan
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Yinglong Huang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jixian Gao
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haole Xu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiansong Wang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Shi Fu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China.
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Urological Disease, Kunming, China.
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Thim EA, Fox T, Deering T, Vass LR, Sheybani ND, Kester M, Price RJ. Solid tumor treatment via augmentation of bioactive C6 ceramide levels with thermally ablative focused ultrasound. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:3145-3153. [PMID: 37335416 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Sparse scan partial thermal ablation (TA) with focused ultrasound (FUS) may be deployed to treat solid tumors and increase delivery of systemically administered therapeutics. Furthermore, C6-ceramide-loaded nanoliposomes (CNLs), which rely upon the enhanced-permeation and retention (EPR) effect for delivery, have shown promise for treating solid tumors and are being tested in clinical trials. Here, our objective was to determine whether CNLs synergize with TA in the control of 4T1 breast tumors. CNL monotherapy of 4T1 tumors yielded significant intratumoral bioactive C6 accumulation by the EPR effect, but tumor growth was not controlled. TA increased bioactive C6 accumulation by ~ 12.5-fold over the EPR effect. In addition, TA + CNL caused shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios (i.e., C16/24 and C18/C24) that could potentially contribute to tumor control. Nonetheless, these changes in intratumoral ceramide levels were still insufficient to confer tumor growth control beyond that achieved when combining with TA with control "ghost" nanoliposomes (GNL). While this lack of synergy could be due to increased "pro-tumor" sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels, this is unlikely because S1P levels exhibited only a moderate and statistically insignificant increase with TA + CNL. In vitro studies showed that 4T1 cells are highly resistant to C6, offering the most likely explanation for the inability of TA to synergize with CNL. Thus, while our results show that sparse scan TA is a powerful approach for markedly enhancing CNL delivery and generating "anti-tumor" shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios, resistance of the tumor to C6 can still be a rate-limiting factor for some solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Andrew Thim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Todd Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Tye Deering
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Luke R Vass
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Natasha D Sheybani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Box 800759, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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Xu Y, Pan J, Lin Y, Wu Y, Chen Y, Li H. Ceramide Synthase 1 Inhibits Brain Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Interacting with USP14 and Downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071994. [PMID: 37046655 PMCID: PMC10093008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BM) is common in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is associated with a poor prognosis. Ceramide synthase 1 (CERS1) participates in malignancy development, but its potential role in NSCLC BM remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the physiological effects and molecular mechanism of CERS1 in NSCLC BM. CERS1 expression was evaluated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and its physiological roles were subsequently explored in vivo and in vitro. Mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to explore CERS1-interacting proteins. The associated signaling pathways of CERS1 in NSCLC BM were further investigated using bioinformatics analysis and molecular biotechnology. We demonstrated that CERS1 was significantly downregulated in NSCLC cell lines and BM tissues, and its upregulation was associated with better prognoses. In vitro, CERS1 overexpression inhibited cell migration, invasion, and the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, CERS1 interacted with ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) and inhibited BM progression by downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Further, CERS1 expression substantially suppressed BM tumor formation in vivo. This study demonstrated that CERS1 plays a suppressor role in NSCLC BM by interacting with USP14 and downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby serving as a novel therapeutic target for NSCLC BM.
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Thim EA, Fox T, Deering T, Vass LR, Sheybani ND, Kester M, Price RJ. Solid Tumor Treatment via Augmentation of Bioactive C6 Ceramide Levels with Thermally Ablative Focused Ultrasound. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.532394. [PMID: 36993445 PMCID: PMC10055354 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.532394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Sparse scan partial thermal ablation (TA) with focused ultrasound (FUS) may be deployed to treat solid tumors and increase delivery of systemically administered therapeutics. Further, C6-ceramide-loaded nanoliposomes (CNLs), which rely upon the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect for delivery, have shown promise for treating solid tumors and are being tested in clinical trials. Here, our objective was to determine whether CNLs synergize with TA in the control of 4T1 breast tumors. CNL-monotherapy of 4T1 tumors yielded significant intratumoral bioactive C6 accumulation by the EPR effect, but tumor growth was not controlled. TA increased bioactive C6 accumulation by ∼12.5-fold over the EPR effect. In addition, TA+CNL caused shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios (i.e., C16/24 and C18/C24) that could potentially contribute to tumor control. Nonetheless, these changes in intratumoral ceramide levels were still insufficient to confer tumor growth control beyond that achieved when combining with TA with control "ghost" nanoliposomes (GNL). While this lack of synergy could be due to increased "pro-tumor" sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels, this is unlikely because S1P levels exhibited only a moderate and statistically insignificant increase with TA+CNL. In vitro studies showed that 4T1 cells are highly resistant to C6, offering the most likely explanation for the inability of TA to synergize with CNL. Thus, while our results show that sparse scan TA is a powerful approach for markedly enhancing CNL delivery and generating "anti-tumor" shifts in long-chain to very-long-chain ceramide ratios, resistance of the tumor to C6 can still be a rate-limiting factor for some solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Andrew Thim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Todd Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Tye Deering
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Luke R. Vass
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Natasha D. Sheybani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Richard J. Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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Zhang M, Li Z, Liu Y, Ding X, Wang Y, Fan S. The ceramide synthase (CERS/LASS) family: Functions involved in cancer progression. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00798-6. [PMID: 36947340 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ceramide synthases (CERSes) are also known longevity assurance (LASS) genes. CERSes play important roles in the regulation of cancer progression. The CERS family is expressed in a variety of human tumours and is involved in tumorigenesis. They are closely associated with the progression of liver, breast, cervical, ovarian, colorectal, head and neck squamous cell, gastric, lung, prostate, oesophageal, pancreatic and blood cancers. CERSes play diverse and important roles in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and drug resistance. The differential expression of CERSes in tumour and nontumour cells and survival analysis of cancer patients suggest that some CERSes could be used as potential prognostic markers. They are also important potential targets for cancer therapy. METHODS In this review, we summarize the available evidence on the inhibitory or promotive roles of CERSes in the progression of many cancers. Furthermore, we summarize the identified upstream and downstream molecular mechanisms that may regulate the function of CERSes in cancer settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Zhangyun Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Xiao Ding
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China.
| | - Shaohua Fan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China.
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Corsetto PA, Zava S, Rizzo AM, Colombo I. The Critical Impact of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Breast Cancer Progression and Drug Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032107. [PMID: 36768427 PMCID: PMC9916652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women in the world, and its management includes a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, whose effectiveness depends largely, but not exclusively, on the molecular subtype (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2+ and Triple Negative). All breast cancer subtypes are accompanied by peculiar and substantial changes in sphingolipid metabolism. Alterations in sphingolipid metabolite levels, such as ceramides, dihydroceramide, sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and sphingomyelin, as well as in their biosynthetic and catabolic enzymatic pathways, have emerged as molecular mechanisms by which breast cancer cells grow, respond to or escape therapeutic interventions and could take on diagnostic and prognostic value. In this review, we summarize the current landscape around two main themes: 1. sphingolipid metabolites, enzymes and transport proteins that have been found dysregulated in human breast cancer cells and/or tissues; 2. sphingolipid-driven mechanisms that allow breast cancer cells to respond to or evade therapies. Having a complete picture of the impact of the sphingolipid metabolism in the development and progression of breast cancer may provide an effective means to improve and personalize treatments and reduce associated drug resistance.
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Integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals mechanisms of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:13. [PMID: 34991559 PMCID: PMC8740005 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01807-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silicosis is a systemic disease characterized by persistent inflammation and incurable pulmonary fibrosis. Although great effort has been made to understand the pathogenesis of the disease, molecular mechanism underlying silicosis is not fully elucidated. This study was aimed to explore proteomic and transcriptomic changes in rat model of silicosis. Methods Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the model group were intratracheally instilled with 50 mg/mL silicon dioxide (1 mL per rat) and rats in the control group were treated with 1.0 mL saline (1 mL per rat). Twenty-eight days later, transcriptomic analysis by microarray and tandem mass tags (TMT)-based proteomic analysis were performed to reveal the expression of mRNAs and proteins in lung tissues. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were applied to analyze the altered genes and proteins. The integrated analysis was performed between transcriptome and proteome. The data were further verified by RT-qPCR and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Results In total, 1769 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 650 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between the silicosis model and control groups. The integrated analysis showed 250 DEPs were correlated to the corresponding DEGs (cor-DEPs-DEGs), which were mainly enriched in phagosome, leukocyte transendothelial migration, complement and coagulation cascades and cellular adhesion molecule (CAM). These pathways are interrelated and converged at common points to produce an effect. GM2a, CHI3L1, LCN2 and GNAI1 are involved in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and inflammation contributing to fibrosis. Conclusion Our comprehensive transcriptome and proteome data provide new insights into the mechanisms of silicosis and helpful information for more targeted prevention and treatment of silicosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01807-w.
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Bellido Molias F, Sim A, Leong KW, An O, Song Y, Ng VHE, Lim MWJ, Ying C, Teo JXJ, Göke J, Chen L. Antisense RNAs Influence Promoter Usage of Their Counterpart Sense Genes in Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5849-5861. [PMID: 34649947 PMCID: PMC9397637 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple noncoding natural antisense transcripts (ncNAT) are known to modulate key biological events such as cell growth or differentiation. However, the actual impact of ncNATs on cancer progression remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified a complete list of differentially expressed ncNATs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Among them, a previously undescribed ncNAT HNF4A-AS1L suppressed cancer cell growth by regulating its sense gene HNF4A, a well-known cancer driver, through a promoter-specific mechanism. HNF4A-AS1L selectively activated the HNF4A P1 promoter via HNF1A, which upregulated expression of tumor suppressor P1-driven isoforms, while having no effect on the oncogenic P2 promoter. RNA-seq data from 23 tissue and cancer types identified approximately 100 ncNATs whose expression correlated specifically with the activity of one promoter of their associated sense gene. Silencing of two of these ncNATs ENSG00000259357 and ENSG00000255031 (antisense to CERS2 and CHKA, respectively) altered the promoter usage of CERS2 and CHKA. Altogether, these results demonstrate that promoter-specific regulation is a mechanism used by ncNATs for context-specific control of alternative isoform expression of their counterpart sense genes. SIGNIFICANCE: This study characterizes a previously unexplored role of ncNATs in regulation of isoform expression of associated sense genes, highlighting a mechanism of alternative promoter usage in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andre Sim
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ka Wai Leong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Omer An
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yangyang Song
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Hui En Ng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Max Wei Jie Lim
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chen Ying
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jasmin Xin Jia Teo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Göke
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Corresponding Authors: Leilei Chen, National University of Singapore, Center for Translational Medicine (MD6), 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, S117599 Singapore. Phone: 65-6516-8435; Fax: 65-6516-1873; E-mail: ; and Jonathan Göke,
| | - Leilei Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore.,Corresponding Authors: Leilei Chen, National University of Singapore, Center for Translational Medicine (MD6), 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, S117599 Singapore. Phone: 65-6516-8435; Fax: 65-6516-1873; E-mail: ; and Jonathan Göke,
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Huang X, Sun D, Wu T, Liu X, Xu S, Yang G. Genomic insights into body size evolution in Carnivora support Peto's paradox. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:429. [PMID: 34107880 PMCID: PMC8191207 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The range of body sizes in Carnivora is unparalleled in any other mammalian order—the heaviest species is 130,000 times heavier than the lightest and the longest species is 50 times longer than the shortest. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these huge differences in body size have not been explored. Results Herein, we performed a comparative genomics analysis of 20 carnivores to explore the evolutionary basis of the order’s great variations in body size. Phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) revealed that 337 genes were significantly related to both head body length and body mass; these genes were defined as body size associated genes (BSAGs). Fourteen positively-related BSAGs were found to be associated with obesity, and three of these were under rapid evolution in the extremely large carnivores, suggesting that these obesity-related BSAGs might have driven the body size expansion in carnivores. Interestingly, 100 BSAGs were statistically significantly enriched in cancer control in carnivores, and 15 of which were found to be under rapid evolution in extremely large carnivores. These results suggested that large carnivores might have evolved an effective mechanism to resist cancer, which could be regarded as molecular evidence to support Peto’s paradox. For small carnivores, we identified 15 rapidly evolving genes and found six genes with fixed amino acid changes that were reported to reduce body size. Conclusions This study brings new insights into the molecular mechanisms that drove the diversifying evolution of body size in carnivores, and provides new target genes for exploring the mysteries of body size evolution in mammals. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07732-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianzhen Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Shixia Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
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12
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The Role of Ceramide Metabolism and Signaling in the Regulation of Mitophagy and Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102475. [PMID: 34069611 PMCID: PMC8161379 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sphingolipids are membrane-associated lipids that are involved in signal transduction pathways regulating cell death, growth, and migration. In cancer cells, sphingolipids regulate pathways relevant to cancer therapy, such as invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and lethal mitophagy. Notable sphingolipids include ceramide, a sphingolipid that induces death and lethal mitophagy, and sphingosine-1 phosphate, a sphingolipid that induces survival and chemotherapeutic resistance. These sphingolipids participate in regulating the process of mitophagy, where cells encapsulate damaged mitochondria in double-membrane vesicles (called autophagosomes) for degradation. Lethal mitophagy is an anti-tumorigenic mechanism mediated by ceramide, where cells degrade many mitochondria until the cancer cell dies in an apoptosis-independent manner. Abstract Sphingolipids are bioactive lipids responsible for regulating diverse cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, senescence, and death. These lipids are characterized by a long-chain sphingosine backbone amide-linked to a fatty acyl chain with variable length. The length of the fatty acyl chain is determined by specific ceramide synthases, and this fatty acyl length also determines the sphingolipid’s specialized functions within the cell. One function in particular, the regulation of the selective autophagy of mitochondria, or mitophagy, is closely regulated by ceramide, a key regulatory sphingolipid. Mitophagy alterations have important implications for cancer cell proliferation, response to chemotherapeutics, and mitophagy-mediated cell death. This review will focus on the alterations of ceramide synthases in cancer and sphingolipid regulation of lethal mitophagy, concerning cancer therapy.
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13
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Pani T, Rajput K, Kar A, Dasgupta U. Alternative splicing of CERS2 promotes cell proliferation and migration in luminal B subtype breast cancer cells. Oncoscience 2021; 8:50-52. [PMID: 33884288 PMCID: PMC8057095 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Trishna Pani
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Kajal Rajput
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
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14
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Tavianatou AG, Piperigkou Z, Koutsakis C, Barbera C, Beninatto R, Franchi M, Karamanos NK. The action of hyaluronan in functional properties, morphology and expression of matrix effectors in mammary cancer cells depends on its molecular size. FEBS J 2021; 288:4291-4310. [PMID: 33512780 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer constitutes a heterogeneous disease. The expression profiles of estrogen receptors (ERs), as well as the expression patterns of extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules, determine its development and progression. Hyaluronan (HA) is an ECM molecule that regulates breast cancer cells' properties in a molecular size-dependent way. Previous studies have shown that 200-kDa HA fragments modulate the functional properties, morphology, and expression of several matrix mediators of the highly metastatic ERα- /ERβ+ MDA-MB-231 cells. In order to evaluate the effects of HA fragments (< 10, 30 and 200-kDa) in ERβ-suppressed breast cancer cells, the shERβ MDA-MB-231 cells were used. These cells are less aggressive when compared with MDA-MB-231 cells. To this end, the functional properties, the morphology, and the expression of the molecules associated with breast cancer cells metastatic potential were studied. Notably, both cell proliferation and invasion were significantly reduced after treatment with 200-kDa HA. Moreover, as assessed by scanning electron microscopy, 200-kDa HA affected cellular morphology, and as assessed by qPCR, upregulated the epithelial marker Ε-cadherin. The expression profiles of ECM mediators, such as HAS2, CD44, and MMP7, were also altered. On the other hand, cellular migration and the expression levels of syndecan-4 (SDC-4) were not significantly affected in contrast to our observations regarding MDA-MB-231 cells. These novel data demonstrate that the molecular size of the HA determines its effects on ERβ-suppressed breast cancer cells and that 200-kDa HA exhibits antiproliferative effects on these cells. A deeper understanding of this mechanism may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia-Gerasimoula Tavianatou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Koutsakis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
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15
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Alternative splicing of ceramide synthase 2 alters levels of specific ceramides and modulates cancer cell proliferation and migration in Luminal B breast cancer subtype. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:171. [PMID: 33568634 PMCID: PMC7876150 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Global dysregulation of RNA splicing and imbalanced sphingolipid metabolism has emerged as promoters of cancer cell transformation. Here, we present specific signature of alternative splicing (AS) events of sphingolipid genes for each breast cancer subtype from the TCGA-BRCA dataset. We show that ceramide synthase 2 (CERS2) undergoes a unique cassette exon event specifically in Luminal B subtype tumors. We validated this exon 8 skipping event in Luminal B cancer cells compared to normal epithelial cells, and in patient-derived tumor tissues compared to matched normal tissues. Differential AS-based survival analysis shows that this AS event of CERS2 is a poor prognostic factor for Luminal B patients. As Exon 8 corresponds to catalytic Lag1p domain, overexpression of AS transcript of CERS2 in Luminal B cancer cells leads to a reduction in the level of very-long-chain ceramides compared to overexpression of protein-coding (PC) transcript of CERS2. We further demonstrate that this AS event-mediated decrease of very-long-chain ceramides leads to enhanced cancer cell proliferation and migration. Therefore, our results show subtype-specific AS of sphingolipid genes as a regulatory mechanism that deregulates sphingolipids like ceramides in breast tumors, and can be explored further as a suitable therapeutic target.
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16
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Emad A, Sinha S. Inference of phenotype-relevant transcriptional regulatory networks elucidates cancer type-specific regulatory mechanisms in a pan-cancer study. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2021; 7:9. [PMID: 33558504 PMCID: PMC7870953 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-021-00169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of transcriptional regulatory networks (TRNs) is a powerful approach to unravel the gene expression programs involved in healthy and disease states of a cell. However, these networks are usually reconstructed independent of the phenotypic (or clinical) properties of the samples. Therefore, they may confound regulatory mechanisms that are specifically related to a phenotypic property with more general mechanisms underlying the full complement of the analyzed samples. In this study, we develop a method called InPheRNo to identify "phenotype-relevant" TRNs. This method is based on a probabilistic graphical model that models the simultaneous effects of multiple transcription factors (TFs) on their target genes and the statistical relationship between the target genes' expression and the phenotype. Extensive comparison of InPheRNo with related approaches using primary tumor samples of 18 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas reveals that InPheRNo can accurately reconstruct cancer type-relevant TRNs and identify cancer driver TFs. In addition, survival analysis reveals that the activity level of TFs with many target genes could distinguish patients with poor prognosis from those with better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Emad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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17
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Zhang X, Sakamoto W, Canals D, Ishibashi M, Matsuda M, Nishida K, Toyoshima M, Shigeta S, Taniguchi M, Senkal CE, Okazaki T, Yaegashi N, Hannun YA, Nabe T, Kitatani K. Ceramide synthase 2-C 24:1 -ceramide axis limits the metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21287. [PMID: 33423335 PMCID: PMC8237407 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001504rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of sphingolipid metabolism plays a role in cellular homeostasis, and dysregulation of these pathways is involved in cancer progression. Previously, our reports identified ceramide as an anti-metastatic lipid. In the present study, we investigated the biochemical alterations in ceramide-centered metabolism of sphingolipids that were associated with metastatic potential. We established metastasis-prone sublines of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells using an in vivo selection method. These cells showed decreases in ceramide levels and ceramide synthase (CerS) 2 expression. Moreover, CerS2 downregulation in ovarian cancer cells promoted metastasis in vivo and potentiated cell motility and invasiveness. Moreover, CerS2 knock-in suppressed the formation of lamellipodia required for cell motility in this cell line. In order to define specific roles of ceramide species in cell motility controlled by CerS2, the effect of exogenous long- and very long-chain ceramide species on the formation of lamellipodia was evaluated. Treatment with distinct ceramides increased cellular ceramides and had inhibitory effects on the formation of lamellipodia. Interestingly, blocking the recycling pathway of ceramides by a CerS inhibitor was ineffective in the suppression of exogenous C24:1 -ceramide for the formation of lamellipodia. These results suggested that C24:1 -ceramide, a CerS2 metabolite, predominantly suppresses the formation of lamellipodia without the requirement for deacylation/reacylation. Moreover, knockdown of neutral ceramidase suppressed the formation of lamellipodia concomitant with upregulation of C24:1 -ceramide. Collectively, the CerS2-C24:1 -ceramide axis, which may be countered by neutral ceramidase, is suggested to limit cell motility and metastatic potential. These findings may provide insights that lead to further development of ceramide-based therapy and biomarkers for metastatic ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Canals
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Masumi Ishibashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsuda
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nishida
- Department of Integrative Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Toyoshima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shogo Shigeta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Makoto Taniguchi
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Can E. Senkal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, USA
| | - Toshiro Okazaki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yaegashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yusuf A. Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Takeshi Nabe
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kitatani
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
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18
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Eaton AF, Merkulova M, Brown D. The H +-ATPase (V-ATPase): from proton pump to signaling complex in health and disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 320:C392-C414. [PMID: 33326313 PMCID: PMC8294626 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00442.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A primary function of the H+-ATPase (or V-ATPase) is to create an electrochemical proton gradient across eukaryotic cell membranes, which energizes fundamental cellular processes. Its activity allows for the acidification of intracellular vesicles and organelles, which is necessary for many essential cell biological events to occur. In addition, many specialized cell types in various organ systems such as the kidney, bone, male reproductive tract, inner ear, olfactory mucosa, and more, use plasma membrane V-ATPases to perform specific activities that depend on extracellular acidification. It is, however, increasingly apparent that V-ATPases are central players in many normal and pathophysiological processes that directly influence human health in many different and sometimes unexpected ways. These include cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and sensory perception, as well as energy and nutrient-sensing functions within cells. This review first covers the well-established role of the V-ATPase as a transmembrane proton pump in the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles and outlines factors contributing to its physiological regulation in different cell types. This is followed by a discussion of the more recently emerging unconventional roles for the V-ATPase, such as its role as a protein interaction hub involved in cell signaling, and the (patho)physiological implications of these interactions. Finally, the central importance of endosomal acidification and V-ATPase activity on viral infection will be discussed in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amity F Eaton
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Merkulova
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dennis Brown
- Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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19
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Qian H, Deng J, Lu C, Hou G, Zhang H, Zhang M, Fang Z, Lv XD. Ceramide synthases: insights into the expression and prognosis of lung cancer. Exp Lung Res 2020; 47:37-53. [PMID: 33183094 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1844345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CerSs (ceramide synthases), a group of enzymes that catalyze the formation of ceramides from sphingoid base and acyl-CoA substrates. As far, six types of CerSs (CerS1-CerS6) have been found in mammals. Each of these enzymes have unique characteristics, but maybe more noteworthy is the ability of individual CerS isoform to produce a ceramide with a characteristic acyl chain distribution. As key regulators of sphingolipid metabolism, CerSs highlight their unique characteristics and have emerging roles in regulating programmed cell death, cancer and many other aspects of biology. However, the role of CerSs in lung cancer has not been fully elucidated. In this study, there was no significant change in the sequence or copy number of CerSs gene, which could explain the stability of malignant tumor development through COSMIC database. In addition, gene expression in lung cancer was examined using the OncomineTM database, and the prognostic value of each gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The results showed that high mRNA expression levels of CerS2, CerS3, CerS4 and CerS5 in all NSCLC patients were associated with improved prognosis. Among them, CerS2 and CerS5 are also highly expressed in adenocarcinoma (Ade), but not in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In contrast, high or low expression of CerS1 and CerS6 no difference was observed in patients with NSCLC, Ade and SCC. Integrated the data of this study suggested that these CerSs may be a potential tumor markers or drug target of new research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijiang Qian
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Jingjing Deng
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Gouxin Hou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Hualiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Zhixian Fang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Xiao-Dong Lv
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
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20
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Amjad E, Asnaashari S, Sokouti B, Dastmalchi S. Systems biology comprehensive analysis on breast cancer for identification of key gene modules and genes associated with TNM-based clinical stages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10816. [PMID: 32616754 PMCID: PMC7331704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67643-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), as one of the leading causes of death among women, comprises several subtypes with controversial and poor prognosis. Considering the TNM (tumor, lymph node, metastasis) based classification for staging of breast cancer, it is essential to diagnose the disease at early stages. The present study aims to take advantage of the systems biology approach on genome wide gene expression profiling datasets to identify the potential biomarkers involved at stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV as well as in the integrated group. Three HER2-negative breast cancer microarray datasets were retrieved from the GEO database, including normal, stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV samples. Additionally, one dataset was also extracted to test the developed predictive models trained on the three datasets. The analysis of gene expression profiles to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed after preprocessing and normalization of data. Then, statistically significant prioritized DEGs were used to construct protein-protein interaction networks for the stages for module analysis and biomarker identification. Furthermore, the prioritized DEGs were used to determine the involved GO enrichment and KEGG signaling pathways at various stages of the breast cancer. The recurrence survival rate analysis of the identified gene biomarkers was conducted based on Kaplan-Meier methodology. Furthermore, the identified genes were validated not only by using several classification models but also through screening the experimental literature reports on the target genes. Fourteen (21 genes), nine (17 genes), eight (10 genes), four (7 genes), and six (8 genes) gene modules (total of 53 unique genes out of 63 genes with involving those with the same connectivity degree) were identified for stage I, stage II, stage III, stage IV, and the integrated group. Moreover, SMC4, FN1, FOS, JUN, and KIF11 and RACGAP1 genes with the highest connectivity degrees were in module 1 for abovementioned stages, respectively. The biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions were demonstrated for outcomes of GO analysis and KEGG pathway assessment. Additionally, the Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that 33 genes were found to be significant while considering the recurrence-free survival rate as an alternative to overall survival rate. Furthermore, the machine learning calcification models show good performance on the determined biomarkers. Moreover, the literature reports have confirmed all of the identified gene biomarkers for breast cancer. According to the literature evidence, the identified hub genes are highly correlated with HER2-negative breast cancer. The 53-mRNA signature might be a potential gene set for TNM based stages as well as possible therapeutics with potentially good performance in predicting and managing recurrence-free survival rates at stages I, II, III, and IV as well as in the integrated group. Moreover, the identified genes for the TNM-based stages can also be used as mRNA profile signatures to determine the current stage of the breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Amjad
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Asnaashari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Sokouti
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Abd Elmaogoud Ragab Ibrahim F, Essam Elfeky S, Haroun M, Abd Elrahman Ahmed M, Elnaggar M, Abd Elfatah Ismail N, Ahmed Abd El Moneim N. Association of matrix metalloproteinases 3 and 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms with breast cancer risk: A case-control study. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:54-62. [PMID: 32454974 PMCID: PMC7241239 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) 3 and 9 are functionally implicated in the progression of various types of cancer, including breast cancer (BC). However, the roles of these SNPs remain controversial. In addition, they also vary between one population and another. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible association between MMP3-1171 5A/6A and MMP9-1562 CT SNPs and the risk of BC among Egyptians, and to elucidate the alteration of MMP3 and MMP9 gene expression in patients with BC. The present case-control study enrolled 162 patients with BC and 146 control subjects. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR was performed for analysis of the selected SNPs, gene expression of MMP3 and MMP9 was also assessed in 50 patients and 50 control subjects by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The frequencies of 5A/6A genotype and 5A allele of MMP3 were significantly higher in patients with BC compared with in healthy subjects. On the other hand, the distributions of MMP9 genotypes and alleles were not significantly different among patients and healthy subjects. Compared with healthy subjects, the expression levels of the two genes were found to be upregulated in patients with BC. Therefore, the present study indicated that MMP3-1171 5A/6A SNP, not MMP9-1562 C>T SNP may be a risk factor for developing BC among Egyptian females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaymaa Essam Elfeky
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Medhat Haroun
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa Elnaggar
- Department of Cancer Management and Research, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Nada Abd Elfatah Ismail
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Nadia Ahmed Abd El Moneim
- Department of Cancer Management and Research, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
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22
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Tan Y, Li Y, Tang F. Oncogenic seRNA functional activation: a novel mechanism of tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:74. [PMID: 32278350 PMCID: PMC7149907 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
seRNA is a noncoding RNA (ncRNA) transcribed from active super-enhancer (SE), through which SE exerts biological functions and participates in various physiological and pathological processes. seRNA recruits cofactor, RNA polymerase II and mediator to constitute and stabilize chromatin loop SE and promoter region, which regulates target genes transcription. In tumorigenesis, DNA insertion, deletion, translocation, focal amplification and carcinogen factor mediate oncogenic SE generation, meanwhile, oncogenic SE transcribes into tumor-related seRNA, termed as oncogenic seRNA. Oncogenic seRNA participates in tumorigenesis through activating various signal-pathways. The recent reports showed that oncogenic seRNA implicates in a widespread range of cytopathological processes in cancer progression including cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix stiffness and angiogenesis. In this article, we comprehensively summarized seRNA’s characteristics and functions, and emphatically introduced inducible formation of oncogenic seRNA and its functional mechanisms. Lastly, some research strategies on oncogenic seRNA were introduced, and the perspectives on cancer therapy that targets oncogenic seRNA were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yuejin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Faqing Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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23
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Chen G, Ding XF, Pressley K, Bouamar H, Wang B, Zheng G, Broome LE, Nazarullah A, Brenner AJ, Kaklamani V, Jatoi I, Sun LZ. Everolimus Inhibits the Progression of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ to Invasive Breast Cancer Via Downregulation of MMP9 Expression. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:1486-1496. [PMID: 31871301 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the role of everolimus in the prevention of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) progression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effects of everolimus on breast cancer cell invasion, DCIS formation, and DCIS progression to IDC were investigated in a 3D cell culturing model, intraductal DCIS xenograft model, and spontaneous MMTV-Her2/neu mouse model. The effect of everolimus on matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) expression was determined with Western blotting and IHC in these models and in patients with DCIS before and after a window trial with rapamycin. Whether MMP9 mediates the inhibition of DCIS progression to IDC by everolimus was investigated with knockdown or overexpression of MMP9 in breast cancer cells. RESULTS Everolimus significantly inhibited the invasion of human breast cancer cells in vitro. Daily intragastric treatment with everolimus for 7 days significantly reduced the number of invasive lesions from intraductal DCIS foci and inhibited DCIS progression to IDC in the MMTV-Her2/neu mouse mammary tumor model. Mechanistically, everolimus treatment decreased the expression of MMP9 in the in vitro and in vivo models, and in breast tissues from patients with DCIS treated with rapamycin for 1 week. Moreover, overexpression of MMP9 stimulated the invasion, whereas knockdown of MMP9 inhibited the invasion of breast cancer cell-formed spheroids in vitro and DCIS in vivo. Knockdown of MMP9 also nullified the invasion inhibition by everolimus in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Targeting mTORC1 can inhibit DCIS progression to IDC via MMP9 and may be a potential strategy for DCIS or early-stage IDC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ding
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.,Laboratory for Biological Medicine, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kyle Pressley
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Hakim Bouamar
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Bingzhi Wang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Guixi Zheng
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Larry E Broome
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Alia Nazarullah
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Andrew J Brenner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Virginia Kaklamani
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ismail Jatoi
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Lu-Zhe Sun
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
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Cleistanthin A inhibits the invasion of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells: involvement of the β-catenin pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 72:188-198. [PMID: 32016834 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cleistanthin A (CleA), a natural diphyllin glycoside, has been shown to suppress the invasion of cancer cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the inhibitory effect of CleA on the invasion of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells was investigated, and the mechanisms involved were clarified. METHODS Cell viability was studied by MTT assay. The migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed by wound healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. The enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was detected by gelatin zymography. mRNA and protein levels were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Nuclear translocation of β-catenin was observed by immunofluorescence and detected by Western blotting. RESULTS CleA effectively inhibited the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells and suppressed the expression and activation of MMP-2/9. Moreover, the expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin were reduced by CleA treatment, as well as transcription of the Cyclin D1 and c-myc genes. In addition, the inhibitory effect of CleA on the β-catenin pathway was attributed to the promotion of β-catenin degradation by inhibition of GSK3β phosphorylation. When the phosphorylation of GSK3β was induced by LiCl, the inhibitory effect of CleA on the β-catenin pathway and the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells were almost reversed. CONCLUSION CleA suppressed the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, likely through the β-catenin pathway.
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25
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Association of rs8444 polymorphism in the LASS2 3'-UTR and bladder cancer risk in Chinese population. Eur J Cancer Prev 2019; 29:329-337. [PMID: 31577563 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the correlations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in LASS2 gene 3'-untranslated regions and bladder cancer risk in Chinese population. We first performed PCR and sequence for LASS2-3'-UTR in 105 bladder cancer patients and 100 control subjects. Next, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms frequency and susceptibility of bladder cancer, and clinical features in 105 cases. In addition, survival curves and Cox Regression analysis were used to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms on clinical outcome in 58 cases. Finally, quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and immunohistochemical were performed to explore the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms on LASS2 expression. We found that a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs8444 C>T) located in the 3'-UTR of LASS2 was significantly associated with the risk of bladder cancer. We also showed the frequency of rs8444 T genotype was higher in bladder cancer group and correlated with the risk of clinical prognosis. Yet, there were no significant correlations between T/C allele frequencies and the distributions of rs8444 genotype and tumor-node-metastasis stage, histological grade and distant metastasis in bladder cancer. Furthermore, we demonstrated that rs8444 C>T could affect LASS2 expression by single nucleotide polymorphism-related mRNA stability. Our results showed that LASS2-3'-UTR rs8444 C>T polymorphism was significantly associated with the individual risk and the poor overall survival of bladder cancer, suggesting that rs8444 TT genotype maybe act as an independent risk factor of susceptibility and clinical prognosis for bladder cancer in Chinese population.
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26
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100992. [PMID: 31442523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Khadija El-Hindi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
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27
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Tavianatou AG, Piperigkou Z, Barbera C, Beninatto R, Masola V, Caon I, Onisto M, Franchi M, Galesso D, Karamanos NK. Molecular size-dependent specificity of hyaluronan on functional properties, morphology and matrix composition of mammary cancer cells. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 3:100008. [PMID: 33543007 PMCID: PMC7852304 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of hyaluronan (ΗΑ), a major extracellular matrix (ECM) glycosaminoglycan, have been correlated with poor clinical outcome in several malignancies, including breast cancer. The high and low molecular weight HΑ forms exert diverse biological functions. Depending on their molecular size, ΗΑ forms either promote or attenuate signaling cascades that regulate cancer progression. In order to evaluate the effects of different ΗΑ forms on breast cancer cells' behavior, ΗΑ fragments of defined molecular size were synthesized. Breast cancer cells of different estrogen receptor (ER) status - the low metastatic, ERα-positive MCF-7 epithelial cells and the highly aggressive, ERβ-positive MDA-MB-231 mesenchymal cells - were evaluated following treatment with HA fragments. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that HA fragments critically affect the morphology of breast cancer cells in a molecular-size dependent mode. Moreover, the ΗΑ fragments affect cell functional properties, the expression of major ECM mediators and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (ΕΜΤ) markers. Notably, treatment with 200 kDa ΗΑ increased the expression levels of the epithelial marker Ε-cadherin and reduced the expression levels of HA synthase 2 and mesenchymal markers, like fibronectin and snail2/slug. These novel data suggest that the effects of HA in breast cancer cells depend on the molecular size and the ER status. An in-depth understanding on the mechanistic basis of these effects may contribute on the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the pharmacological targeting of aggressive breast cancer.
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Key Words
- BTH, bovine testes hyaluronidase
- Breast cancer
- CD44
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- ER, estrogen receptor
- Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- Estrogen receptors
- HA, hyaluronan or hyaluronic acid
- HAS, hyaluronan synthase
- HMW HA, high molecular weight hyaluronan
- HYAL, hyaluronidase
- Hyaluronan
- LMW HA, low molecular weight hyaluronan
- MET, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- SDC, syndecan
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- Scanning electron microscopy
- TIMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases
- o-HA, hyaluronan oligomers
- s-HA, sulfated hyaluronan
- tPA, tissue plasminogen activator
- uPA, urokinase plasminogen activator
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia-Gerasimoula Tavianatou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Carlo Barbera
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme, (PD), Italy
| | - Riccardo Beninatto
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme, (PD), Italy
| | - Valentina Masola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Maurizio Onisto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Devis Galesso
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme, (PD), Italy
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
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28
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Clinical and pathological significance of Homo sapiens ceramide synthase 2 (CerS-2) in diverse human cancers. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181743. [PMID: 30988071 PMCID: PMC6504659 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Homo sapiens ceramide synthase 2 (CerS-2) plays an important role in inhibiting invasion and metastasis of tumor cells and has been reported as a tumor metastasis suppressor gene in diverse cancers. Thus, low level of CerS-2 protein might suggest a bad prognosis and up-regulation of CerS-2 protein might act as a promising therapeutic strategy for malignant tumors. In this review, we discussed the expression, as well as the clinical and pathological significance of CerS-2 in diverse human cancers. The pathological processes and molecular pathways regulated by CerS-2 were also summarized.
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29
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:160-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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30
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Yang EW, Bahn JH, Hsiao EYH, Tan BX, Sun Y, Fu T, Zhou B, Van Nostrand EL, Pratt GA, Freese P, Wei X, Quinones-Valdez G, Urban AE, Graveley BR, Burge CB, Yeo GW, Xiao X. Allele-specific binding of RNA-binding proteins reveals functional genetic variants in the RNA. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1338. [PMID: 30902979 PMCID: PMC6430814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Allele-specific protein-RNA binding is an essential aspect that may reveal functional genetic variants (GVs) mediating post-transcriptional regulation. Recently, genome-wide detection of in vivo binding of RNA-binding proteins is greatly facilitated by the enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (eCLIP) method. We developed a new computational approach, called BEAPR, to identify allele-specific binding (ASB) events in eCLIP-Seq data. BEAPR takes into account crosslinking-induced sequence propensity and variations between replicated experiments. Using simulated and actual data, we show that BEAPR largely outperforms often-used count analysis methods. Importantly, BEAPR overcomes the inherent overdispersion problem of these methods. Complemented by experimental validations, we demonstrate that the application of BEAPR to ENCODE eCLIP-Seq data of 154 proteins helps to predict functional GVs that alter splicing or mRNA abundance. Moreover, many GVs with ASB patterns have known disease relevance. Overall, BEAPR is an effective method that helps to address the outstanding challenge of functional interpretation of GVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ei-Wen Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jae Hoon Bahn
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Esther Yun-Hua Hsiao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Boon Xin Tan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yiwei Sun
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ting Fu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eric L Van Nostrand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gabriel A Pratt
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Peter Freese
- Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Xintao Wei
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | | | - Alexander E Urban
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Brenton R Graveley
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | | | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
- Molecular Engineering Laboratory, A*STAR, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Xinshu Xiao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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31
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Wang Y, Sheng N, Xie Y, Chen S, Lu J, Zhang Z, Shan Q, Wu D, Zheng G, Li M, Zheng Y, Fan S. Low expression of CRISP3 predicts a favorable prognosis in patients with mammary carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:13629-13638. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Ning Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Guihong Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Mengqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
- College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
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32
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Sheng N, Wang Y, Xie Y, Chen S, Lu J, Zhang Z, Li M, Shan Q, Wu D, Zheng G, Zheng Y, Fan S. High expression of LASS2 is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:13001-13013. [PMID: 30537159 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Homo sapiens longevity assurance homolog 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2), is a gene isolated from a human liver complementary DNA library. In this study, we found that LASS2 protein level was positively related to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and LASS2-negative tumors showed significant association with longer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in ovarian cancer patients. The heterogeneous expression of LASS2 had been exhibited in diverse ovarian cancer cells. A significantly lower messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein level of LASS2 was seen in 3AO cell compared with those in other types of ovarian cancer cells. Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein levels of LASS2 in ES-2 and NIH:OVCAR-3 cells were obviously higher. LASS2 overexpression in 3AO cell could promote migration, invasion, and metastasis abilities in vitro and in vivo, while LASS2 knockdown in ES-2 and NIH:OVCAR-3 cells had the opposite effects. The oncogenic capacity of LASS2 in ovarian cancer may be mediated by increased expression of YAP/TAZ. It is indicated that lowering the expression of LASS2 is likely to serve as an unprecedented approach for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guihong Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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33
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Wang K, Zhou Y, Li G, Wen X, Kou Y, Yu J, He H, Zhao Q, Xue F, Wang J, Zhao X. MMP8 and MMP9 gene polymorphisms were associated with breast cancer risk in a Chinese Han population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13422. [PMID: 30194384 PMCID: PMC6128940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that can breakdown almost all extracellular matrix components. MMP8 and MMP9 have been shown to be associated with breast cancer (BC) risk in European and American populations. However, few studies have focused on the polymorphisms of MMP8 and MMP9 in Chinese Han BC patients. We investigated nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 571 BC cases and 578 controls to evaluating their association with risk of BC. The frequency of the “A” allele of rs3787268 was significantly lower in BC cases than in controls (P = 0.025). In the genetic model analysis, the minor allele “T” of rs11225394 in MMP8 was associated with increased risk of BC under the recessive model (P = 0.019), and the minor allele “A” of rs3787268 was associated with decreased risk of BC under the dominant model (P = 0.014). Additionally, the haplotype “AGTCA” constructed by rs3740938, rs2012390, rs1940475, rs11225394, and rs11225395 and the haplotype “CCG” constructed by rs3918249, rs3918254 and rs3787268 were associated with increased risk of BC (P < 0.05). Our data showed that polymorphisms of MMP8 and MMP9 may be associated with BC risk in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,The Second Department of Spleen and Stomach, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- The Center for Medical Imaging, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Gang Li
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xinli Wen
- The Second Department of Spleen and Stomach, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Yuan Kou
- The Second Department of Spleen and Stomach, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Jiao Yu
- The Second Department of Spleen and Stomach, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Haifeng He
- The Second Department of Spleen and Stomach, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- The Second Department of Spleen and Stomach, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Feng Xue
- The Second Department of Spleen and Stomach, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of encephalopathy, the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710063, China
| | - Xinhan Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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Ceramide Metabolism Balance, a Multifaceted Factor in Critical Steps of Breast Cancer Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092527. [PMID: 30149660 PMCID: PMC6163247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are key lipids in energetic-metabolic pathways and signaling cascades, modulating critical physiological functions in cells. While synthesis of ceramides is performed in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is altered under overnutrition conditions, proteins associated with ceramide metabolism are located on membrane arrangement of mitochondria and ER (MAMs). However, ceramide accumulation in meta-inflammation, condition that associates obesity with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, favors the deregulation of pathways such as insulin signaling, and induces structural rearrangements on mitochondrial membrane, modifying its permeability and altering the flux of ions and other molecules. Considering the wide biological processes in which sphingolipids are implicated, they have been associated with diseases that present abnormalities in their energetic metabolism, such as breast cancer. In this sense, sphingolipids could modulate various cell features, such as growth, proliferation, survival, senescence, and apoptosis in cancer progression; moreover, ceramide metabolism is associated to chemotherapy resistance, and regulation of metastasis. Cell–cell communication mediated by exosomes and lipoproteins has become relevant in the transport of several sphingolipids. Therefore, in this work we performed a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art about the multifaceted roles of ceramides, specifically the deregulation of ceramide metabolism pathways, being a key factor that could modulate neoplastic processes development. Under specific conditions, sphingolipids perform important functions in several cellular processes, and depending on the preponderant species and cellular and/or tissue status can inhibit or promote the development of metabolic and potentially breast cancer disease.
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Fan S, Wang Y, Sheng N, Xie Y, Lu J, Zhang Z, Shan Q, Wu D, Sun C, Li M, Hu B, Zheng Y. Low expression of ENC1 predicts a favorable prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:861-871. [PMID: 30125994 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal-neural cortex 1 (ENC1) belongs to a member of the kelch family of genes. It is an actin-binding protein and plays a pivotal role in neuronal and adipocyte differentiation. Here, we found that lower expression of ENC1 in the ovarian cancer patients was associated with favorable prognosis. In addition, ENC1 was heterogeneously expressed in various ovarian cancer cells. The messenger RNA and protein expression levels of ENC1 in HO-8910PM and NIH:OVCAR-3 cells were obviously higher than that in the other types of ovarian cancer cells. Knockdown of ENC1 in HO-8910PM or NIH:OVCAR-3 cells could significantly increase the reactive oxygen species levels, resulting in inhibition of in vitro proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our findings suggest that decreasing expression of ENC1 may be a new approach that can be used for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Affiliated First People's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ning Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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36
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Fan S, Wang Y, Wang C, Jin H, Wu Z, Lu J, Zhang Z, Sun C, Shan Q, Wu D, Zhuang J, Sheng N, Xie Y, Li M, Hu B, Fang J, Zheng Y, Qin W. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of LASS2 protects against diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:330-341. [PMID: 29626628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Homo sapienslongevity assurance homolog 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2) is expressed mostly in human liver. Here, we explored roles of LASS2 in pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. Hepatocyte-specific LASS2 knockout (LASS2-/-) mice were generated using Cre-LoxP system. LASS2-/- and wild-type (WT) mice were fed with chow or high-fat diet (HFD). We found LASS2-/- mice were resistant to HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. In HFD-fed mice, LASS2 deficiency significantly inhibited p38 MAPK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling in mouse liver. This effect was mediated by a significant increase of V-ATPase activity and a decrease of ROS level. We also observed that elevated expression of LASS2 in mouse hepatocyte cell line AML12 obviously decreased V-ATPase activity and increased ROS level by activation of p38 MAPK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling. Our findings indicate that LASS2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diet-induced hepatic steatosis and is a potential novel target for prevention and intervention of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Affiliated First People's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Cun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haojie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Chunhui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Juan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Ning Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Mengqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No. 101, Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China.
| | - Wenxin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Fan S, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Lu J, Wu Z, Shan Q, Sun C, Wu D, Li M, Sheng N, Xie Y, Zheng Y. High expression of glutamate-ammonia ligase is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6008-6015. [PMID: 29575012 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL), which is also called GS (glutamine synthetase), is the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. Here, we found higher expression of GLUL in the ovarian cancer patients was associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). In addition, GLUL was heterogeneously expressed in various ovarian cancer cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of GLUL in NIH:OVCAR-3 and ES-2 cells were obviously higher than that in the other types of ovarian cancer cells. Knockdown of GLUL in NIH:OVCAR-3 or ES-2 cells could significantly decrease the proliferation ability. Furthermore, GLUL knockdown markedly inhibited the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in NIH:OVCAR-3 or ES-2 cells. Our findings suggest that decreasing expression of GLUL may be a new approach that can be used for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Affiliated First People's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Affiliated First People's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Mengqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ning Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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38
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Pamarthy S, Kulshrestha A, Katara GK, Beaman KD. The curious case of vacuolar ATPase: regulation of signaling pathways. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:41. [PMID: 29448933 PMCID: PMC5815226 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0811-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a proton pump responsible for controlling the intracellular and extracellular pH of cells. The structure of V-ATPase has been highly conserved among all eukaryotic cells and is involved in diverse functions across species. V-ATPase is best known for its acidification of endosomes and lysosomes and is also important for luminal acidification of specialized cells. Several reports have suggested the involvement of V-ATPase in maintaining an alkaline intracellular and acidic extracellular pH thereby aiding in proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells respectively. Increased expression of V-ATPase and relocation to the plasma membrane aids in cancer modulates key tumorigenic cell processes like autophagy, Warburg effect, immunomoduation, drug resistance and most importantly cancer cell signaling. In this review, we discuss the direct role of V-ATPase in acidification and indirect regulation of signaling pathways, particularly Notch Signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Pamarthy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Arpita Kulshrestha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Gajendra K Katara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Kenneth D Beaman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
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39
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Zhang Y, Jiang J, Xie J, Xu C, Wang C, Yin L, Yang L, Sung KLP. Combined effects of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β on lysyl oxidase and matrix metalloproteinase expression in human knee synovial fibroblasts in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5258-5266. [PMID: 29285051 PMCID: PMC5740568 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines are associated with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and/or lysyl oxidases (LOXs) produced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fibroblasts, which may contribute to the poor healing ability of the ACL. To evaluate whether the synovium also participates in ACL healing, the inflammatory microenvironment of the knee joint cavity was mimicked following ACL injury, and the combined effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on the expression of MMPs and LOXs in synovial fibroblasts were studied. Cell viability was evaluated using trypan blue staining in the presence of TNF-α and IL-1β, and the expression of LOXs and MMPs was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. MMP-2 activity was also measured by zymography. The results indicated that the combined effects of TNF-α and IL-1β inhibited LOX expression, while promoting MMP-1, −2 and −3 expression and MMP-2 activity in synovial fibroblasts. These changes may impede healing by altering the balance between the degradative and biosynthetic arms of the ligament tissue remodeling process. Collectively, the present results suggest that the poor healing ability of cruciate ligaments may be due to the sensitivity of the synovium to inflammatory factors. Therefore, the synovium potentially serves a key regulatory role in the joint cavity microenvironment and in the healing process of the ACL, and thus should be considered as a therapeutic target to aid in the treatment of patients with ACL trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Jiahuan Jiang
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xie
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Chunming Xu
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yin
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Li Paul Sung
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China.,Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopedics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0412, USA
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40
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Wang Y, Fan S, Lu J, Zhang Z, Wu D, Wu Z, Zheng Y. GLUL Promotes Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:2018-2025. [PMID: 27791265 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL) belongs to the glutamine synthetase family. It catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. Here, we found higher expression of GLUL in the breast cancer patients was associated with larger tumor size and higher level of HER2 expression. In addition, GLUL was heterogeneously expressed in various breast cancer cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of GLUL in SK-BR-3 cells were obviously higher than that in the other types of breast cancer cells. Results showed GLUL knockdown in SK-BR-3 cells could significantly decrease the proliferation ability. Furthermore, GLUL knockdown markedly inhibited the p38 MAPK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling pathways in SK-BR-3 cells. Thus, GLUL may represent a novel target for selectively inhibiting p38 MAPK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling pathways and the proliferation potential of breast cancer cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2018-2025, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated First People's Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Shaohua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
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41
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Li S, Wang J. Salvianolic acid B prevents steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head via PPARγ expression in rats. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:651-656. [PMID: 28352346 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.4008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a water-soluble phenolic compound derived from Salvia Miltiorrhiza. Recent studies show Sal B has a clear function of anti-cerebral ischemia injury, which is closely related to antioxidation, free radical scavenging, neuroprotection and the blood brain barrier. The aim of the present study was to verify whether Sal B prevents steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head and to investigate its underlying pharmacological mechanisms. Steroid-induced osteonecrosis rat models were established to evaluate the effects of Sal B on osteonecrotic changes and repair processes. The use of Sal B improved steroid-induced histopathological scores and inhibited osteoclast differentiation in rats. Notably, Sal B induced bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into osteogenesis. Moreover, Sal B treatment suppressed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and AP2 protein expression levels and increased runt-related transcription factor 2 and Collagen I protein expression levels in steroid-induced rats. osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase content in steroid-induced rats was enhanced by treatment with Sal B. These results suggest that Sal B prevents steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head via PPARγ expression in rats. The present pilot study provides a brief insight into the effect of Sal B on steroid-induced osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Educational Administration, Cangzhou Medical College in Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
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42
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Zhang S, Schneider LS, Vick B, Grunert M, Jeremias I, Menche D, Müller R, Vollmar AM, Liebl J. Anti-leukemic effects of the V-ATPase inhibitor Archazolid A. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43508-28. [PMID: 26496038 PMCID: PMC4791247 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis for patients suffering from T-ALL is still very poor and new strategies for T-ALL treatment are urgently needed. Our study shows potent anti-leukemic effects of the myxobacterial V-ATPase inhibitor Archazolid A. Archazolid A reduced growth and potently induced death of leukemic cell lines and human leukemic samples. By inhibiting lysosomal acidification, Archazolid A blocked activation of the Notch pathway, however, this was not the mechanism of V-ATPase inhibition relevant for cell death induction. In fact, V-ATPase inhibition by Archazolid A decreased the anti-apoptotic protein survivin. As underlying mode of action, this work is in line with recent studies from our group demonstrating that Archazolid A induced S-phase cell cycle arrest by interfering with the iron metabolism in leukemic cells. Our study provides evidence for V-ATPase inhibition as a potential new therapeutic option for T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lina S Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Binje Vick
- Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Grunert
- Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,Department of Oncology/Hematology, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Menche
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Angelika M Vollmar
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Johanna Liebl
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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43
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Zhang LL, Xu YL, Tang ZH, Xu XH, Chen X, Li T, Ding CY, Huang MQ, Chen XP, Wang YT, Yuan XF, Lu JJ. Effects of alisol B 23-acetate on ovarian cancer cells: G1 phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, migration and invasion inhibition. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:800-809. [PMID: 27288915 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the first leading cause of death among gynecologic malignancies worldwide. Discovery of new chemotherapeutic drugs is still imperative for the improvement of the survival rate. PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the anti-cancer potential of alisol B 23-acetate (AB23), a protostane-type triterpene isolated from the Alismatis Rhizoma, in the parental and paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells. METHODS MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability after treatment with AB23, along with flow cytometry for apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. Western blotting was conducted to determine the relative protein level. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to investigate the effect of AB23 on cell migration and invasion. RESULTS AB23 obviously inhibited proliferation of the three ovarian cancer cell lines, down-regulated the protein levels of CDK4, CDK6, and cyclin D1, and blocked the cell cycle progressions in G1 phase. Meanwhile, AB23 induced accumulation of the sub-G1 phase in the three cell lines in a concentration dependent manner. The protein levels of cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were up-regulated after treatment with AB23. Further study showed that AB23 induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through IRE1 signaling pathway and silencing of IRE1α partially enhanced AB23-induced apoptosis. Wound healing and transwell assays showed that AB23 could also suppress the migration and invasion of HEY cells. Moreover, it down-regulated the protein levels of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. CONCLUSION AB23 possessed anti-proliferation, anti-migration and anti-invasion activities as a single agent on ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yu-Lian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zheng-Hai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiao-Huang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chun-Yong Ding
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Qing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yuan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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The asialoglycoprotein receptor suppresses the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via LASS2-mediated inhibition of V-ATPase activity. Cancer Lett 2016; 379:107-16. [PMID: 27241665 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR), which is expressed mainly in hepatocytes, is downregulated in poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we investigated the role of ASGR1 in HCC metastasis as well as the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that ASGR1 was downregulated in HCC tissue compared with adjacent non-tumorous liver tissue and that lower ASGR1 expression was associated with higher TNM stage and poorer prognosis in HCC patients. ASGR1 overexpression inhibited hepatoma cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo, while ASGR1 knockdown had the opposite effects. Furthermore, ASGR1 interacted directly with human longevity assurance homolog 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2). Knockdown of LASS2 attenuated the inhibitory effects of ASGR1 on hepatoma cell migration and invasion in vitro. ASGR1 decreased V-ATPase activity in hepatoma cells, and this was reversed by LASS2 knockdown. Finally, HCC patients with low LASS2 levels had poor prognosis, while those with high ASGR1 and LASS2 levels had better prognosis. Thus, ASGR1 may act as a potential metastasis suppressor in HCC, and the combination of ASGR1 and LASS2 may help predict the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Wegner MS, Schiffmann S, Parnham MJ, Geisslinger G, Grösch S. The enigma of ceramide synthase regulation in mammalian cells. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 63:93-119. [PMID: 27180613 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide synthases (CerS) are key enzymes in the lipid metabolism of eukaryotic cells. Their products, ceramides (Cer), are components of cellular membranes but also mediate signaling functions in physiological processes such as proliferation, skin barrier function and cerebellar development. In pathophysiological processes such as multiple sclerosis and tumor progression, ceramide levels are altered, which can be ascribed, partly, to dysregulation of CerS gene transcription. Most publications deal with the effects of altered ceramide levels on physiological and pathophysiological processes, but the regulation of the appropriate CerS is frequently not investigated. This is insufficient for the clarification of the role of ceramides, because most ceramide species are generated by at least two CerS. The mechanisms of CerS regulation are manifold and it seems that each CerS isoform is regulated individually. For this reason, we discuss the different CerS separately in this review. From transcriptional regulation to alteration of protein activity, the possibilities to influence CerS are diverse. Furthermore, CerS are influenced by a variety of molecules including hormones and lipids. Without claiming completeness, we provide a résumé of the regulatory mechanisms for each CerS in mammalian cells and how dysregulation of these mechanisms during physiological processes may lead to pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Susanne Schiffmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael John Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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LIU CHUAN, WU FAN, LIU YUANWEI, MENG CONG. Catalpol suppresses proliferation and facilitates apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through upregulating microRNA-146a and downregulating matrix metalloproteinase-16 expression. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7609-14. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Weng M, Song F, Chen J, Wu J, Qin J, Jin T, Xu J. The high-mobility group nucleosome-binding domain 5 is highly expressed in breast cancer and promotes the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:959-66. [PMID: 25315189 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-mobility group nucleosome-binding domain 5 (HMGN5) is a member of the high-mobility group proteins family. Previous study found that HMGN5 is required for tumorigenesis in vitro, and aberrations in the expression of HMGN5 were found in human osteosarcoma, prostate cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma. Nevertheless, the role of HMGN5 in breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of HMGN5 in human breast cancer, confirm the oncogenic role of HMGN5, and explore the mechanism by which HMGN5 contributes to invasion and metastasis. HMGN5 expression was detected in breast cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues from 43 patients by immunohistochemistry, and the clinicopathologic characteristics of all patients were also analyzed. Next, knockdown of HMGN5 protein in MDA-MB-231 cells was performed through a small interfering RNA (siRNA) technique, and cell viability, apoptosis, and invasion were detected by cell vitality test, flow cytometry, and transwell assay, respectively. Immunohistostaining showed that HMGN5 were highly expressed in the nucleus in all breast cancer tissues as compared with the adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCT;(73.5 ± 11 vs. 31.0 ± 5 %, P < 0.01). HMGN5 expression level was associated with the poorly differentiated tumor cells, lymph node involvement tumor, and T4 staging tumor. Knockdown of HMGN5 inhibited cell growth, suppressed invasion, and increased cell apoptosis in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the expressions of PCNA, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and MMP-9 were decreased in human breast MDA-MB-231 cells depleted of HMGN5. In addition, the apoptotic markers (cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3) were significantly increased by HMGN5 knockdown, but microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II/I (LC3-II/I) did not alter. HMGN5 plays an oncogenic role in human breast cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and invasion, and activating apoptosis, which could be exploited as a target for therapy in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Weng
- Department of General Surgery of Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 100 Haining Road, 200080, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
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