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Hombach-Klonisch S, Mehrpour M, Shojaei S, Harlos C, Pitz M, Hamai A, Siemianowicz K, Likus W, Wiechec E, Toyota BD, Hoshyar R, Seyfoori A, Sepehri Z, Ande SR, Khadem F, Akbari M, Gorman AM, Samali A, Klonisch T, Ghavami S. Glioblastoma and chemoresistance to alkylating agents: Involvement of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 184:13-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Yang FW, Fu Y, Li Y, He YH, Mu MY, Liu QC, Long J, Lin SD. Prostaglandin E1 protects hepatocytes against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis via protein kinase A-dependent induction of glucose-regulated protein 78 expression. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:7253-7264. [PMID: 29142472 PMCID: PMC5677201 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i40.7253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the protective effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced hepatocyte apoptosis, and to explore its underlying mechanisms.
METHODS Thapsigargin (TG) was used to induce ER stress in the human hepatic cell line L02 and hepatocarcinoma-derived cell line HepG2. To evaluate the effects of PGE1 on TG-induced apoptosis, PGE1 was used an hour prior to TG treatment. Activation of unfolded protein response signaling pathways were detected by western blotting and quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Apoptotic index and cell viability of L02 cells and HepG2 cells were determined with flow cytometry and MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay.
RESULTS Pretreatment with 1 μmol/L PGE1 protected against TG-induced apoptosis in both L02 cells and HepG2 cells. PGE1 enhanced the TG-induced expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78 and spliced X box-binding protein 1 at 6 h. However, it attenuated their expressions after 24 h. PGE1 alone induced protein and mRNA expressions of GRP78; PGE1 also induced protein expression of DNA damage-inducible gene 34 and inhibited the expressions of phospho-PKR-like ER kinase, phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α and CHOP. Treatment with protein kinase A (PKA)-inhibitor H89 or KT5720 blocked PGE1-induced up-regulation of GRP78. Further, the cytoprotective effect of PGE1 on hepatocytes was not observed after blockade of GRP78 expression by H89 or small interfering RNA specifically targeted against human GRP78.
CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that PGE1 protects against ER stress-induced hepatocyte apoptosis via PKA pathway-dependent induction of GRP78 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Wan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yi-Huai He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Mao-Yuan Mu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qi-Chuan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shi-De Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
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Corazzari M, Gagliardi M, Fimia GM, Piacentini M. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Unfolded Protein Response, and Cancer Cell Fate. Front Oncol 2017; 7:78. [PMID: 28491820 PMCID: PMC5405076 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis results in a stress condition termed "ER stress" determining the activation of a finely regulated program defined as unfolded protein response (UPR) and whose primary aim is to restore this organelle's physiological activity. Several physiological and pathological stimuli deregulate normal ER activity causing UPR activation, such as hypoxia, glucose shortage, genome instability, and cytotoxic compounds administration. Some of these stimuli are frequently observed during uncontrolled proliferation of transformed cells, resulting in tumor core formation and stage progression. Therefore, it is not surprising that ER stress is usually induced during solid tumor development and stage progression, becoming an hallmark of such malignancies. Several UPR components are in fact deregulated in different tumor types, and accumulating data indicate their active involvement in tumor development/progression. However, although the UPR program is primarily a pro-survival process, sustained and/or prolonged stress may result in cell death induction. Therefore, understanding the mechanism(s) regulating the cell survival/death decision under ER stress condition may be crucial in order to specifically target tumor cells and possibly circumvent or overcome tumor resistance to therapies. In this review, we discuss the role played by the UPR program in tumor initiation, progression and resistance to therapy, highlighting the recent advances that have improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the survival/death switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Corazzari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy.,Department Clinical Epidemiology and Translational Research, INMI-IRCCS "L. Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Gagliardi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department Clinical Epidemiology and Translational Research, INMI-IRCCS "L. Spallanzani", Rome, Italy.,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department Clinical Epidemiology and Translational Research, INMI-IRCCS "L. Spallanzani", Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Cancer Microenvironment and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:417281. [PMID: 26491226 PMCID: PMC4600498 DOI: 10.1155/2015/417281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Different stressful conditions such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, pH changes, or reduced vascularization, potentially able to act as growth-limiting factors for tumor cells, activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR is therefore involved in tumor growth and adaptation to severe environments and is generally cytoprotective in cancer. The present review describes the molecular mechanisms underlying UPR and able to promote survival and proliferation in cancer. The critical role of UPR activation in tumor growth promotion is discussed in detail for a few paradigmatic tumors such as prostate cancer and melanoma.
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Zhang L, Su J, Xie Q, Zeng L, Wang Y, Yi D, Yu Y, Liu S, Li S, Xu Y. 2-Deoxy-d-Glucose Sensitizes Human Ovarian Cancer Cells to Cisplatin by Increasing ER Stress and Decreasing ATP Stores in Acidic Vesicles. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2015; 29:572-8. [PMID: 26241884 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent; however, the development of acquired resistance limits its application. Here, we demonstrate that 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) enhanced the antitumor effects of cisplatin in SKOV3 cells, which include inhibition of proliferation and promotion of apoptosis. Additionally, either cisplatin or 2-DG alone could upregulate the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated protein glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP78). Moreover, exposure to 2-DG increased the expression of GRP78 induced by cisplatin. Cisplatin also upregulated ER stress-associated apoptotic protein 153/C/EBP homology protein (CHOP) in SKOV3 cells. While treatment with 2-DG alone could not upregulate the CHOP expression, a combination of both 2-DG and cisplatin increased the protein levels of CHOP above those induced by Cisplatin alone. Finally, cisplatin mediated an increase in ATP stores within acidic vesicles, whereas 2-DG decreased this effect. These data demonstrate that 2-DG sensitizes SKOV3 cells to cisplatin by increasing ER stress and decreasing ATP stores in acidic vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Linchuan Zeng
- School of Public Health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yi
- Medical Examination Center, Jilin Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibing Liu
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Songyan Li
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Xu
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Histology and Embryology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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Peng M, Ostrovsky J, Kwon YJ, Polyak E, Licata J, Tsukikawa M, Marty E, Thomas J, Felix CA, Xiao R, Zhang Z, Gasser DL, Argon Y, Falk MJ. Inhibiting cytosolic translation and autophagy improves health in mitochondrial disease. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4829-47. [PMID: 26041819 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) disease therapies directed at intra-mitochondrial pathology are largely ineffective. Recognizing that RC dysfunction invokes pronounced extra-mitochondrial transcriptional adaptations, particularly involving dysregulated translation, we hypothesized that translational dysregulation is itself contributing to the pathophysiology of RC disease. Here, we investigated the activities, and effects from direct inhibition, of a central translational regulator (mTORC1) and its downstream biological processes in diverse genetic and pharmacological models of RC disease. Our data identify novel mechanisms underlying the cellular pathogenesis of RC dysfunction, including the combined induction of proteotoxic stress, the ER stress response and autophagy. mTORC1 inhibition with rapamycin partially ameliorated renal disease in B6.Pdss2(kd/kd) mice with complexes I-III/II-III deficiencies, improved viability and mitochondrial physiology in gas-1(fc21) nematodes with complex I deficiency, and rescued viability across a variety of RC-inhibited human cells. Even more effective was probucol, a PPAR-activating anti-lipid drug that we show also inhibits mTORC1. However, directly inhibiting mTORC1-regulated downstream activities yielded the most pronounced and sustained benefit. Partial inhibition of translation by cycloheximide, or of autophagy by lithium chloride, rescued viability, preserved cellular respiratory capacity and induced mitochondrial translation and biogenesis. Cycloheximide also ameliorated proteotoxic stress via a uniquely selective reduction of cytosolic protein translation. RNAseq-based transcriptome profiling of treatment effects in gas-1(fc21) mutants provide further evidence that these therapies effectively restored altered translation and autophagy pathways toward that of wild-type animals. Overall, partially inhibiting cytosolic translation and autophagy offer novel treatment strategies to improve health across the diverse array of human diseases whose pathogenesis involves RC dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Peng
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Genetics and
| | | | | | | | - Joseph Licata
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Mai Tsukikawa
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Eric Marty
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Jeffrey Thomas
- Division of Cell Pathology, Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and
| | - Carolyn A Felix
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Yair Argon
- Division of Cell Pathology, Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and
| | - Marni J Falk
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics and
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