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Balykina A, Naida L, Kirkgöz K, Nikolaev VO, Fock E, Belyakov M, Whaley A, Whaley A, Shpakova V, Rukoyatkina N, Gambaryan S. Antiplatelet Effects of Flavonoid Aglycones Are Mediated by Activation of Cyclic Nucleotide-Dependent Protein Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4864. [PMID: 38732081 PMCID: PMC11084604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoid aglycones are secondary plant metabolites that exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiplatelet effects. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying their inhibitory effect on platelet activation remain poorly understood. In this study, we applied flow cytometry to analyze the effects of six flavonoid aglycones (luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, eriodictyol, kaempferol, and apigenin) on platelet activation, phosphatidylserine externalization, formation of reactive oxygen species, and intracellular esterase activity. We found that these compounds significantly inhibit thrombin-induced platelet activation and decrease formation of reactive oxygen species in activated platelets. The tested aglycones did not affect platelet viability, apoptosis induction, or procoagulant platelet formation. Notably, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, and apigenin increased thrombin-induced thromboxane synthase activity, which was analyzed by a spectrofluorimetric method. Our results obtained from Western blot analysis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry demonstrated that the antiplatelet properties of the studied phytochemicals are mediated by activation of cyclic nucleotide-dependent signaling pathways. Specifically, we established by using Förster resonance energy transfer that the molecular mechanisms are, at least partly, associated with the inhibition of phosphodiesterases 2 and/or 5. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of flavonoid aglycones for clinical application as antiplatelet agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Balykina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia; (A.B.); (E.F.); (A.W.); (N.R.)
- Faculty of General Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Lidia Naida
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg 195251, Russia;
| | - Kürsat Kirkgöz
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (K.K.); (V.O.N.)
| | - Viacheslav O. Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (K.K.); (V.O.N.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Fock
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia; (A.B.); (E.F.); (A.W.); (N.R.)
| | - Michael Belyakov
- Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, Saint Petersburg 188663, Russia;
| | - Anastasiia Whaley
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia; (A.B.); (E.F.); (A.W.); (N.R.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia;
| | - Andrei Whaley
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia;
| | - Valentina Shpakova
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK;
| | - Natalia Rukoyatkina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia; (A.B.); (E.F.); (A.W.); (N.R.)
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia; (A.B.); (E.F.); (A.W.); (N.R.)
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Scoma ER, Da Costa RT, Leung HH, Urquiza P, Guitart-Mampel M, Hambardikar V, Riggs LM, Wong CO, Solesio ME. Human Prune Regulates the Metabolism of Mammalian Inorganic Polyphosphate and Bioenergetics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13859. [PMID: 37762163 PMCID: PMC10531210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is an evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitous polymer that is present in all studied organisms. PolyP consists of orthophosphates (Pi) linked together by phosphoanhydride bonds. The metabolism of polyP still remains poorly understood in higher eukaryotes. Currently, only F0F1-ATP synthase, Nudt3, and Prune have been proposed to be involved in this metabolism, although their exact roles and regulation in the context of polyP biology have not been fully elucidated. In the case of Prune, in vitro studies have shown that it exhibits exopolyphosphatase activity on very short-chain polyP (up to four units of Pi), in addition to its known cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity. Here, we expand upon studies regarding the effects of human Prune (h-Prune) on polyP metabolism. Our data show that recombinant h-Prune is unable to hydrolyze short (13-33 Pi) and medium (45-160 Pi) chains of polyP, which are the most common chain lengths of the polymer in mammalian cells. Moreover, we found that the knockdown of h-Prune (h-Prune KD) results in significantly decreased levels of polyP in HEK293 cells. Likewise, a reduction in the levels of polyP is also observed in Drosophila melanogaster loss-of-function mutants of the h-Prune ortholog. Furthermore, while the activity of ATP synthase, and the levels of ATP, are decreased in h-Prune KD HEK293 cells, the expression of ATP5A, which is a main component of the catalytic subunit of ATP synthase, is upregulated in the same cells, likely as a compensatory mechanism. Our results also show that the effects of h-Prune on mitochondrial bioenergetics are not a result of a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential or of significant changes in mitochondrial biomass. Overall, our work corroborates the role of polyP in mitochondrial bioenergetics. It also demonstrates a conserved effect of h-Prune on the metabolism of short- and medium-chain polyP (which are the predominant chain lengths found in mammalian cells). The effects of Prune in polyP are most likely exerted via the regulation of the activity of ATP synthase. Our findings pave the way for modifying the levels of polyP in mammalian cells, which could have pharmacological implications in many diseases where dysregulated bioenergetics has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest R. Scoma
- Department of Biology, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Renata T. Da Costa
- Department of Biology, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Ho Hang Leung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (H.H.L.)
| | - Pedro Urquiza
- Department of Biology, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Department of Biology, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Vedangi Hambardikar
- Department of Biology, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Lindsey M. Riggs
- Department of Biology, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Ching-On Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (H.H.L.)
| | - Maria E. Solesio
- Department of Biology, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
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Signorello MG, Ravera S, Leoncini G. Endocannabinoids effect on oxidative status of human platelets. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:46-58. [PMID: 36260649 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to regulate platelet activation. Since endocannabinoids behave as platelet agonists, we investigated the effect of two endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG) and anandamide (AEA) on the oxidative status of human platelets. We have demonstrated that 2AG and AEA stimulate ROS production, superoxide anion formation and lipid peroxidation. The effect is dose and time dependent and mainly occurs through the involvement of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) since all tested parameters are greatly reduced by SR141716, the CB1 specific inhibitor. The specific inhibitor of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) SR144528 produces a very small inhibition. The involvement of syk/PI3K/AKT/mTor pathway in oxidative stress induced by endocannabinoids is shown. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase seems to be poorly involved in the endocannabinoids effect. Concerning the aerobic metabolism, it has been demonstrated that endocannabinoids reduce the oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate synthesis, both in the presence of pyruvate + malate or succinate. In addition, endocannabinoids inhibit the activity of respiratory complexes II, III and IV and increase the activity of respiratory complex I. The endocannabinoids effect on aerobic metabolism seems to be also a CB1 mediated mechanism. Thus, in human platelets oxidative stress induced by endocannabinoids, mainly generated in the respiratory chain through the activation of complex I and the inhibition of complex II, III and IV, may lead to thrombotic events, contributing to cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuliana Leoncini
- Biochemistry Lab, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Simard T, Jung R, Labinaz A, Faraz MA, Ramirez FD, Di Santo P, Pitcher I, Motazedian P, Gaudet C, Rochman R, Marbach J, Boland P, Sarathy K, Alghofaili S, Russo JJ, Couture E, Beanlands RS, Hibbert B. Adenosine as a Marker and Mediator of Cardiovascular Homeostasis: A Translational Perspective. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 19:109-131. [PMID: 30318008 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x18666181011103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine, a purine nucleoside, is produced broadly and implicated in the homeostasis of many cells and tissues. It signals predominantly via 4 purinergic adenosine receptors (ADORs) - ADORA1, ADORA2A, ADORA2B and ADOosine signaling, both through design as specific ADOR agonists and antagonists and as offtarget effects of existing anti-platelet medications. Despite this, adenosine has yet to be firmly established as either a therapeutic or a prognostic tool in clinical medicine to date. Herein, we provide a bench-to-bedside review of adenosine biology, highlighting the key considerations for further translational development of this proRA3 in addition to non-ADOR mediated effects. Through these signaling mechanisms, adenosine exerts effects on numerous cell types crucial to maintaining vascular homeostasis, especially following vascular injury. Both in vitro and in vivo models have provided considerable insights into adenosine signaling and identified targets for therapeutic intervention. Numerous pharmacologic agents have been developed that modulate adenmising molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Simard
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Richard Jung
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alisha Labinaz
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | | | - F Daniel Ramirez
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Pietro Di Santo
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Ian Pitcher
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Pouya Motazedian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, ON, Canada
| | - Chantal Gaudet
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Rebecca Rochman
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Marbach
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Paul Boland
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Kiran Sarathy
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Saleh Alghofaili
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Juan J Russo
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Etienne Couture
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Rob S Beanlands
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Benjamin Hibbert
- CAPITAL research group, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
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Signorello MG, Leoncini G. Anandamide Induces Platelet Nitric Oxide Synthase through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Lipids 2018; 53:851-861. [PMID: 30460698 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether adenosine 5' monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated by anandamide (AEA) and is involved in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation. We found that AEA stimulates and activates AMPKα through a Ca2+ -dependent/Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent pathway as the specific inhibitor of the Ca2+ /Calmodulin kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) STO-609 abolishes the AMPK phosphorylation/activation. The same inhibiting effect is shown in platelets pretreated with LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), or with MK2206, an inhibitor of protein kinase B (AKT), suggesting that AMPK is downstream of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, the AEA-induced eNOS activation and the consequent nitric oxide (NO) and guanosine 3'-5' cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) increase are mediated by the CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway as STO-609 significantly inhibits these parameters. In contrast, liver kinase B1 (LKB1) seems to be very poorly involved. One crucial effect of NO and cGMP elevation is the activation of protein kinase G that can phosphorylate the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP). We have demonstrated that AEA stimulates VASP phosphorylation on both thr278 and ser239 that is strongly inhibited by STO-609, LY294002, and MK2206. Finally, AMPK phosphorylation/activation and VASP phosphorylation are significantly reduced by SR141716, the specific inhibitor of type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1). SR144528, an antagonist of type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2), has a less-potent effect, suggesting that the CB1 receptor is overall involved in the AEA effect. In conclusion, we show that the CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway, downstream of the PI3K/AKT pathway, is activated by AEA in human platelets and leads to increase NO levels producing beneficial effects during ischemic conditions and contributing to extend platelet survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Signorello
- Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Lab, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuliana Leoncini
- Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Lab, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, I-16132, Genoa, Italy
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Signorello MG, Leoncini G. Activation of CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway by 2-AG in human platelets. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:876-884. [PMID: 28661046 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether AMPK is activated by 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and participates to the cytoskeleton control in human platelets. We found that 2-AG stimulates the AMPKα activation through a Ca2+ /Calmodulin-dependent pathway as the specific inhibition of the CaMKKβ by STO-609 inhibits the AMPKα phosphorylation/activation. Moreover, the CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway activated by 2-AG is involved in the phosphorylation of cofilin, vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and myosin light chain (MLCs). These proteins participate to actin cytoskeletal remodelling during aggregation. We found that the phosphorylation/activation inhibition of these proteins is associated with a significant reduction in actin polymerization, aggregation, ATP, and α-granule secretion. Finally, AMPKα activation, Cofilin, VASP, and MLCs phosphorylation are significantly reduced by SR141716, the specific inhibitor of type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor, suggesting that the CB1 receptor is involved in the 2-AG effect. In conclusion, we have shown that the CaMKKβ/AMPKα pathway is activated by 2-AG in human platelets and controls the phosphorylation of key proteins involved in actin polymerization and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuliana Leoncini
- Department of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Lab, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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