1
|
Cañumil VA, de la Cruz Borthiry FL, Scheffer F, Herrero Y, Scotti L, Bogetti ME, Parborell F, Meresman GF, Franchi AM, Beltrame JS, Ribeiro ML. A physiological concentration of anandamide promotes the migration of human endometrial fibroblast and the interaction with endothelial cells invitro. Placenta 2023; 139:99-111. [PMID: 37354692 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mechanisms that govern fibroblast behavior during the vascular adaptations of the uterus at early pregnancy remain unknown. Anandamide, an endocannabinoid, binds to cannabinoid receptors (CBs), and regulates gestation and angiogenesis. Its tone is regulated by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) within the uterus. We investigated the role of anandamide in endometrial fibroblasts migration and whether anandamide modulates fibroblasts-endothelial crosstalk. METHODS T-hESC and EA.hy926 cell lines were used as models of endometrial stromal and endothelial cells, respectively. T-hESC were incubated with anandamide plus different agents. Migration was tested (wound healing assay and phalloidin staining). Protein expression and localization were studied by Western blot and immunofluorescence. To test fibroblast-endothelial crosstalk, EA.hy926 cells were incubated with fibroblast conditioned media obtained after T-hESC migration. RESULTS Anandamide 1 nM increased T-hESC migration via CB1 and CB2. Cyclooxygenase-2 participated in anandamide-stimulated fibroblast migration. Prostaglandin F2alpha, and not prostaglandin E2, increased fibroblast wound closure. CB1, CB2, cyclooxygenase-2 and FAAH were expressed in T-hESC. Anandamide did not alter cyclooxygenase-2 localization but induced its cytoplasmic and nuclear expression through CB1 and CB2. URB-597, a FAAH selective inhibitor, also increased T-hESC migration via both CBs, and augmented cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Conditioned media from anandamide-induced T-hESC wound healing closure stimulated endothelial migration and did not alter their proliferation. Soluble factors from cyclooxygenase-2 were secreted by T-hESC and participated in T-hESC-induced EA.hy926 migration. Although anandamide-conditioned media augmented in EA.hy926 the expression of γH2AX, a marker of DNA damage, cyclooxygenase-2 was not involved in this effect. DISCUSSION Our results provide novel evidence about an active role of anandamide on endometrial fibroblast behavior as a mechanism regulating uterine vascular adaptations in early gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa A Cañumil
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Paraguay 2155, CP(1121ABG), CABA, Argentina
| | - Fernanda L de la Cruz Borthiry
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Paraguay 2155, CP(1121ABG), CABA, Argentina
| | - Frida Scheffer
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Paraguay 2155, CP(1121ABG), CABA, Argentina
| | - Yamila Herrero
- Laboratorio de Estudios de la Fisiopatología del Ovario, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP (C1428ADN), CABA, Argentina
| | - Leopoldina Scotti
- Laboratorio de Estudios de la Fisiopatología del Ovario, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP (C1428ADN), CABA, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Bogetti
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Paraguay 2155, CP(1121ABG), CABA, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Parborell
- Laboratorio de Estudios de la Fisiopatología del Ovario, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP (C1428ADN), CABA, Argentina
| | - Gabriela F Meresman
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Endometrial, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME), CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP (C1428ADN), CABA, Argentina
| | - Ana M Franchi
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Preñez y el Parto, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, CABA, Argentina
| | - Jimena S Beltrame
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Paraguay 2155, CP(1121ABG), CABA, Argentina
| | - María L Ribeiro
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), CONICET-UBA, Paraguay 2155, CP(1121ABG), CABA, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rattila S, Kleefeldt F, Ballesteros A, Beltrame JS, L Ribeiro M, Ergün S, Dveksler G. Pro-angiogenic effects of pregnancy-specific glycoproteins in endothelial and extravillous trophoblast cells. Reproduction 2021; 160:737-750. [PMID: 33065549 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that binding to heparan sulfate (HS) is required for the ability of the placentally secreted pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 1 (PSG1) to induce endothelial tubulogenesis. PSG1 is composed of four immunoglobulin-like domains but which domains of the protein bind to HS remains unknown. To analyze the interaction of PSG1 with HS, we generated several recombinant proteins, including the individual domains, chimeric proteins between two PSG1 domains, and mutants. Using flow cytometric and surface plasmon resonance studies, we determined that the B2 domain of PSG1 binds to HS and that the positively charged amino acids encompassed between amino acids 43-59 are required for this interaction. Furthermore, we showed that the B2 domain of PSG1 is required for the increase in the formation of tubes by endothelial cells (EC) including a human endometrial EC line and two extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell lines and for the pro-angiogenic activity of PSG1 observed in an aortic ring assay. PSG1 enhanced the migration of ECs while it increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in EVTs, indicating that the pro-angiogenic effect of PSG1 on these two cell types may be mediated by different mechanisms. Despite differences in amino acid sequence, we observed that all human PSGs bound to HS proteoglycans and confirmed that at least two other members of the family, PSG6 and PSG9, induce tube formation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pro-angiogenic activity of human PSGs and strongly suggest conservation of this function among all PSG family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shemona Rattila
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Florian Kleefeldt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angela Ballesteros
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jimena S Beltrame
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CONICET - School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria L Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology of Reproduction, Centre for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CONICET - School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Dveksler
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cañumil VA, Bogetti E, de la Cruz Borthiry FL, Ribeiro ML, Beltrame JS. Steroid hormones and first trimester vascular remodeling. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 116:363-387. [PMID: 33752825 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Successful implantation and placentation require neoangiogenesis and the remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries. Progesterone and estradiol control various of the placental functions, but their role in vascular remodeling remains controversial. Therefore, this chapter aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of steroid hormones in the uteroplacental vascular remodeling during the first trimester of gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V A Cañumil
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Bogetti
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F L de la Cruz Borthiry
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L Ribeiro
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J S Beltrame
- Center of Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFyBO), School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires (UBA)-National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Silver bionanoparticles toxicity in trophoblast is mediated by nitric oxide and glutathione pathways. Toxicology 2021; 454:152741. [PMID: 33662506 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Silver bionanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture supernatant have an important antibacterial activity mediated by ROS increase; however their toxicity in human cells is not known. Due to the high susceptibility of the developing tissues to xenobiotics, the aim of this study was to investigate the AgNPs effect on first trimester human trophoblasts. The HTR8/SVneo cell line was treated with AgNPs (0.3-1.5 pM), for 6 and 24 h. Cell viability, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS) production, nitric oxide synthase expression, antioxidant defenses and biomolecule damage were evaluated. The exposure to AgNPs produced changes in HTR8/SVneo cell morphology and decreased cell viability. Alterations in redox balance were observed, with an increase in ROS and RNS levels, and NOS2 protein expression. Superoxide dismutase and catalase augmented their activity accompanied with a decreased in glutathione content and glutathione S-transferase activity. Protein oxidation and genotoxic damage were observed at concentrations greater than 0.6 pM. The pre-incubation with l-NMMA, NAC, mannitol and peroxidase demonstrated that AgNPs-induced cytotoxicity was not mediated by HO and H2O2, but nitric oxide and glutathione pathways were implicated in cell death. Since reported AgNPs microbicidal mechanism is mediated by increasing ROS (mainly HO and H2O2) without an increase in RNS, this work indicates an interesting difference in the reactive species and oxidative pathways involved in AgNPs toxicity in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Highlighting the importance of toxicity evaluation to determine the safety of AgNPs with pharmaceutical potential uses.
Collapse
|
5
|
Signalling by lysophosphatidate and its health implications. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:547-563. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular lysophosphatidate (LPA) signalling is regulated by the balance of LPA formation by autotaxin (ATX) versus LPA degradation by lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPP) and by the relative expressions of six G-protein-coupled LPA receptors. These receptors increase cell proliferation, migration, survival and angiogenesis. Acute inflammation produced by tissue damage stimulates ATX production and LPA signalling as a component of wound healing. If inflammation does not resolve, LPA signalling becomes maladaptive in conditions including arthritis, neurologic pain, obesity and cancers. Furthermore, LPA signalling through LPA1 receptors promotes fibrosis in skin, liver, kidneys and lungs. LPA also promotes the spread of tumours to other organs (metastasis) and the pro-survival properties of LPA explain why LPA counteracts the effects of chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. ATX is secreted in response to radiation-induced DNA damage during cancer treatments and this together with increased LPA1 receptor expression leads to radiation-induced fibrosis. The anti-inflammatory agent, dexamethasone, decreases levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. This is linked to a coordinated decrease in the production of ATX and LPA1/2 receptors and increased LPA degradation through LPP1. These effects explain why dexamethasone attenuates radiation-induced fibrosis. Increased LPA signalling is also associated with cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis and deranged LPA signalling is associated with pregnancy complications including preeclampsia and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. LPA contributes to chronic inflammation because it stimulates the secretion of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, which increase further ATX production and LPA signalling. Attenuating maladaptive LPA signalling provides a novel means of treating inflammatory diseases that underlie so many important medical conditions.
Collapse
|
6
|
Vilotic A, Jovanovic Krivokuca M, Stefanoska I, Vrzic Petronijevic S, Petronijevic M, Vicovac L. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is involved in endovascular trophoblast cell function in vitro. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:Doc1007. [PMID: 31762725 PMCID: PMC6868918 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional cytokine abundantly present at the feto-maternal interface proposed to play a role in establishment of pregnancy. We have previously shown that pharmacological inhibition of enzymatic activity of MIF decreases extravillous trophoblast invasion and migration in vitro. This study aimed to further elucidate potential role of endogenous trophoblast MIF, and to assess its importance for endovascular trophoblast cell function in particular. Attenuation of MIF by siRNA reduced HTR-8/SVneo cell invasion through Matrigel (59 % of control), expression of integrin α1 (86 % of control) and levels of MMP2 and MMP9 (87 % and 57 % of control, respectively). MIF specific siRNA reduced the ability of HTR-8/SVneo to differentiate in to endothelial-like phenotype, as determined by Matrigel tube formation assay. The total tube length was decreased to 68.6 %, while the number of branching points was reduced to 57.8 % of control. HTR-8/SVneo cell capacity to integrate into HUVEC monolayers was reduced by knock-down of MIF. This could be partly caused by reduced N-cadherin expression to 63 % of control, which decreased with knock-down of MIF, as the expression of this protein was recently shown essential for trophoblast-endothelial interaction. These novel findings indicate a novel role for trophoblast MIF in spiral artery remodeling process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Vilotic
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Jovanovic Krivokuca
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Stefanoska
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Miloš Petronijevic
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovica 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Vicovac
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Beltrame JS, Scotti L, Sordelli MS, Cañumil VA, Franchi AM, Parborell F, Ribeiro ML. Lysophosphatidic acid induces the crosstalk between the endovascular human trophoblast and endothelial cells in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:6274-6285. [PMID: 30362520 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Spiral artery remodeling at the maternal-fetal interface is crucial for successful pregnancy and requires the interaction between the first trimester trophoblast and the endothelial cells of the maternal vessels. However, the precise mechanism of this dialog has yet to be determined. The current study investigated whether lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) modulates trophoblast-endothelial crosstalk in vitro. HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cell line (H8) was seeded on top of Geltrex, incubated with LPA or LPA + NS-398 (selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor), LPA + 1400W (selective inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) or LPA + IL-6 neutralizing antibody and assayed for tube formation to model the acquisition of trophoblast endovascular phenotype. The supernatants were collected and used as conditioned media (CM). To test trophoblast-endothelial crosstalk, the endothelial cell line EA.hy926 was incubated with trophoblast CM. The CM from LPA-induced tubulogenesis stimulated endothelial cells migration and did not modify the apoptosis. Soluble factors derived from cyclooxygenase-2 and IL-6 pathways were involved in H8-EA.hy926 interaction under the LPA effect. Moreover, LPA increased the levels of IL-6 mRNA by cyclooxygenase-2 pathway in H8 cells. Collectively, LPA promotes trophoblast-endothelial crosstalk in vitro and induces the release of trophoblast soluble factors that stimulate endothelial cells migration without changes in apoptosis. The evidence presented here provides new insights about an active role of LPA as a lipid mediator regulating vascular remodeling at the maternal-fetal interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimena S Beltrame
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO) (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires), Paraguay 2155, 16th floor, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leopoldina Scotti
- Laboratorio de Estudios de la Fisiopatología del Ovario, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela S Sordelli
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO) (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires), Paraguay 2155, 16th floor, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vanesa A Cañumil
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO) (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires), Paraguay 2155, 16th floor, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana M Franchi
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Preñez y el Parto, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO) (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires), Paraguay 2155, 16th floor, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Parborell
- Laboratorio de Estudios de la Fisiopatología del Ovario, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME) - (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L Ribeiro
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO) (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires), Paraguay 2155, 16th floor, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beltrame JS, Sordelli MS, Cañumil VA, Alonso CAI, Perez Martinez S, Ribeiro ML. Steroid hormones induce in vitro human first trimester trophoblast tubulogenesis by the lysophosphatidic acid pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 478:126-132. [PMID: 30099013 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Successful implantation and placentation requires that extravillous cytotrophoblast acquires an endovascular phenotype and remodels uterine spiral arteries. Progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) control many of the placental functions, but their role in vascular remodeling remains controversial. Here, we investigated whether P4 and E2 regulate the acquisition of the human first trimester trophoblast endovascular phenotype, and the participation of the lysophosphatidic acid pathway. For this purpose, human first trimester HTR-8/SVneo cells were seeded on Geltrex and assayed for capillary-like tube formation. P4 and E2 increased HTR-8/SVneo tube formation in a concentration-dependent manner and this effect is mediated by the LPA3 receptor. Moreover, sex steroids increased the mRNA levels of the main enzyme that produce lysophosphatidic acid (lysophospholipase-D) but did not regulate LPA3 mRNA levels. Overall, we demonstrate that steroid hormones regulate HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast capillary-like structures formation and we propose that this process could be modulated directly or indirectly by mechanisms associated to the LPA/LPA3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimena S Beltrame
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina.
| | - Micaela S Sordelli
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - Vanesa A Cañumil
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - Carlos A I Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - Silvina Perez Martinez
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - María L Ribeiro
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| |
Collapse
|