miR-384 suppressed renal cell carcinoma cell proliferation and migration through targeting RAB23

miR-21-5p serves as a promoter in renal cell carcinoma progression through ARHGAP24 downregulation

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly recurrent aggressive tumor. This study works for the regulation of miR-21-5p on RCC cell functions and novel ideas for therapies of RCC. Isoform expression quantification data were offered by The Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs. The way miR-21-5p works on biological functions of RCC was examined with MTT and Transwell assays. The downstream targets of miR-21-5p were predicted using bioinformatics analysis. The binding of two researched objects was verified by the dual-luciferase method. TCGA data manifested a considerably high level of miR-21-5p in RCC tissue, while ARHGAP24 was significantly lowly expressed. miR-21-5p bound ARHGAP24 and stimulated RCC cell functions, whereas ARHGAP24 mimic could reverse such promotion. This work observed miR-21-5p, a stimulator in RCC, and it deteriorated this cancer via repressing its downstream target gene ARHGAP24 expression.

MicroRNA as a Biomarker for Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Purpose in Urinary Tract Cancer

The incidence of urologic cancers, including kidney, upper tract urothelial, and bladder malignancies, is increasing globally, with a high percentage of cases showing metastasis upon diagnosis and low five-year survival rates. MicroRNA (miRNA), a small non-coding RNA, was found to regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in several tumors, including cancers of the urinary system. In the current review, we comprehensively discuss the recently reported up-or down-regulated miRNAs as well as their possible targets and regulated pathways involved in the development, progression, and metastasis of urinary tract cancers. These miRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers that may help in efficient and early diagnosis in addition to better treatment outcomes.

Let-7d and miR-185 Impede Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Downregulating Rab25 in Breast Cancer

Objective:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression has deregulated in several cancer types including breast cancer (BC). The present study aims at investigating the role, mechanism, clinical value of let-7d and miR-185 in BC, and the possible correlation these miRNAs with Rab25.

Materials and Methods:

Tumor samples as well adjacent normal tissues (ANT) were acquired from fresh surgical specimens from 110 patients and the expression levels of let-7d, miR-185, Rab25, and snail were evaluated using real-time PCR. The immunohistochemical (IHC) process and western blot were done to detect the level of Rab25 and Snail protein expression in BC samples.

Results:

By comparing miRNAs expression profiles in clinical tissues of 110 patients using real-time PCR, let-7d, and miR-185 expression were dramatically downregulated in BC tissues (P < 0.05). Tumor size, stage, and lymph node metastasis were significantly related to miRNAs expression. Based on qRT-PCR and bioinformatics database analyses, we also recognized Rab25 as a possible target of miR-185 and let-7d. Rab25 expression was enhanced in BC cells and associated inversely with the expression level of mentioned miRNAs. qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blot studies verified that Rab25 upregulation increased the levels of the snail, that key transcription factor of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Conclusion:

These findings demonstrated that let-7d and miR-185 inhibited EMT by targeting Rab25 expression in BC. Therefore, targeting the let-7d and miR-185/Rab25 interaction may offer new therapeutic opportunities for treating BC patients.

Long non-coding RNA SNHG3 accelerates progression in glioma by modulating miR-384/HDGF axis

Glioma is a malignant primary brain tumor that occurs in the central nervous system and has threatened the well-being of millions of patients. It is well acknowledged that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG3 participates in the regulation of proliferation, inflation, differentiation, and metastasis in many cancers. However, the regulatory effect of SNHG3 on glioma progression is still controversial. The expression of SNHG3 and HDGF was upregulated, whereas miR-384 was downregulated in glioma tissues, compared with the normal tissues. Interestingly, high SNHG3 contributed to low survival rate while low SNHG3 showed the opposite result. Moreover, SNHG3 or HDGF knockdown significantly suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis in glioma. Meanwhile, restoration of HDGF abrogated the inhibition of SNHG3 silencing on glioma cell progression. Besides, miR-384 inhibitor attenuated SNHG3 silencing induced inhibition on HDGF mRNA and protein expression in A172 and SHG44 cells. LncRNA SNHG3 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma by enhancing HDGF expression via miR-384 sponging, representing the promising targets for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Integrated analysis and knockdown of RAB23 indicate the role of RAB23 in gastric adenocarcinoma

Background

The present study aimed to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods

We performed integrated analysis to determine DEGs and DEmiRNAs of gastric adenocarcinoma based on the GEO database. A DEmiRNA-target interaction network was established. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were utilized. Then, MKN45 cells were transfected with shRNA-RAB23 to knock down the expression of RAB23. CCK-8, transwell and flow cytometry assays were utilized to measure the capacities for cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis, and the apoptosis-related gene and protein levels were measured by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Colocalization analysis of Snc1 with the vesicular protein VAMP3 and the endoplasmic reticulum protein Calnexin was performed to assess the influence of RAB23 on vesicle transport. Finally, we performed metabolomic analysis by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Results

We performed MMIA of gastric adenocarcinoma based on two miRNA datasets and two mRNA datasets. A total of 4,586 DEmRNAs and 30 DEmiRNAs were obtained. The DEmRNAs of gastric adenocarcinoma were significantly enriched in PI3K/Akt signaling. We identified three interactions, hsa-miR-23a-3p-PTPN4, hsa-miR-20b-5p (hsa-miR-130a-3p)-TNFRSF10B, and hsa-miR-130a-3p (hsa-miR-363-3p)-RAB23, that may be related to the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma. The growth of MKN45 cells was inhibited by RAB23 knockdown via shRNA-RAB23 transfection. Metabolic analysis of three groups revealed a number of significantly altered metabolites, including glycerol, niacinamide, and nonadecanoic acid methylester.

Conclusions

RAB23 might be a target gene of hsa-miR-130a-3p and hsa-miR-363-3p. In gastric adenocarcinoma cells, knockdown of RAB23 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased apoptosis by downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway.

MicroRNA-384-5p/Beclin-1 As Potential Indicators For Epigallocatechin Gallate Against Cardiomyocytes Ischemia Reperfusion Injury By Inhibiting Autophagy Via PI3K/Akt Pathway

Background/Aims

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has established protective actions against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by regulating autophagy. However, little is known about the mechanisms of EGCG in posttranscriptional regulation in the process of cardioprotection. Here we studied whether microRNAs play a role in EGCG-induced cardioprotection.

Methods

The myocardial I/R injury in vitro and in vivo model were made, with or without EGCG pretreatment. The upregulation and silencing of microRNA-384-5p (miR-384) and Beclin-1 in H9c2 cell lines were established. Rats were transfected with miR-384 specific shRNA. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to verify the relationship between miR-384 and Beclin-1. TTC staining was performed to analyze the area of myocardial infarct size. Cell viability was monitored by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The release of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) was examined by ELISA. The levels of autophagy-related genes or proteins expression were evaluated by qRT-PCR or Western blotting. Autophagosomes of myocardial cells were detected by transmission electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscope.

Results

I/R increased both autophagosomes and autolysosomes, thereby increasing autophagic flux both in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with EGCG attenuated I/R-induced autophagic flux expression, accompanied by an increase in cell viability and a decrease in the size of myocardial infarction. MiR-384 expression was down-regulated in H9c2 cell lines when subjected to I/R, while this suppression could be reversed by EGCG pretreatment. The dual-luciferase assay verified that Beclin-1 was a target of miR-384. Both overexpression of miR-384 and knocking down of Beclin-1 significantly inhibited I/R-induced autophagy, accompanied by the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway, thus enhanced the protective effect of EGCG. However, these functions were abrogated by the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002.

Conclusion

We confirmed that EGCG has a protective role in microRNA-384-mediated autophagy by targeting Beclin-1 via activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Our results unveiled a novel role of EGCG in myocardial protection, involving posttranscriptional regulation with miRNA-384.

Down-regulated circPAPPA suppresses the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells via the miR-384/STAT3 pathway

Preeclampsia (PE) is the main cause of maternal death in primipara, and commonly results in severe maternal and neonatal complications such as multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. However, the exact pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that have been shown to be extensively involved in numerous physiological processes, but there is limited knowledge of their functions and mechanisms in PE. In the present study, we found the expression of a circRNA, hsa_circ_0088227 (circRNA of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, circPAPPA), was down-regulated in both placenta and plasma samples from subjects with PE. Knockdown of circPAPPA led to decreased proliferation and invasion in HTR8-S/Vneo trophoblast cells. miR-384 was identified as a direct target of circPAPPA, and the gene encoding signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was targeted by miR-384. We found that miR-384 was unregulated in PE, and overexpression of miR-384 could inhibit cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, we showed that the expression of STAT3 was decreased with knockdown of circPAPPA or the overexpression of miR-384 in trophoblast cells, but this decrease was partially reversed when co-transfection was performed with mimics of miR-384 inhibitor and si-circPAPPA. Together, these results suggest that down-regulation of circPAPPA facilitates the onset and development of PE by suppressing trophoblast cells, with involvement of the miR-384/STAT3 signaling pathway. Our study significantly increases the understanding of the occurrence and development of PE, and also provides a molecular target for the treatment of this disorder.