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Agarwal V, Tiwari A, Varadwaj P. Mutations responsible for the carbapenemase activity of SME-1. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22826-22842. [PMID: 36105999 PMCID: PMC9377157 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02849b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SME-1 is a carbapenemase, produced by Serratia marcescens organism and causes nosocomial infections such as in bloodstream, wounds, urinary tract, or respiratory tract infections. Treatment of such infections becomes very complex due its resistance towards penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems. Resistance to such antibiotics is of great medical concern. The misuse and overuse of these antibiotics result in the clinical mutation and production of novel β-lactamase enzymes such as SME-1, which show resistance to carbapenems. Class A contains most of the clinically significant extended spectrum of β-lactamase enzymes and carbapenemases. In this study, class A β-lactamase SME-1 sequence, structure, and binding were compared with naturally mutated class A β-lactamase enzymes and a wild-type TEM-1. This study was performed for revealing mutations, which could be responsible for the carbapenemase activity of SME-1. The dynamic characteristics of SME-1 enzymes manifest a different degree of conservation and variability, which confers them to possess carbapenemase activities. Met69Cys, Glu104Tyr, Tyr105His, Ala237Ser, and Gly238Cys mutations occur in SME-1 as compared to wild-type TEM-1. These mutated residues are present close to active site residues such as Ser70, Lys73, Ser130, Asn132, Glu166, and Asn170, which participate in the hydrolytic reaction of β-lactam antibiotics. Furthermore, these mutated residues demonstrate altered interactions with the β-lactam antibiotics (results in altered binding) and within themselves (results in active site structure alterations), which results in expanding the spectrum of activity of these enzymes. This study provides important insights into the structure and activity relationship of SME-1 enzymes. This is evident from the Ω-loop structure modification, which forms the wall of the active site and repositioning of residues involved in hydrolytic reactions, when present in the complex with meropenem in a stable state of MD simulation at 50 ns. Hence, Met69Cys, Glu104Tyr, Tyr105His, Ala237Ser, and Gly238Cys mutations could result in an altered active site structure, binding, and activity of SME-1 with meropenem and thus become resistantant against meropenem, which is a carbapenem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhu Agarwal
- Indian Institute of Information Technology Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj-211015 Allahabad U P India +919236666060
| | - Akhilesh Tiwari
- Indian Institute of Information Technology Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj-211015 Allahabad U P India +919236666060
| | - Pritish Varadwaj
- Indian Institute of Information Technology Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj-211015 Allahabad U P India +919236666060
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2
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Adnan M, Jairajpuri DS, Chaddha M, Khan MS, Yadav DK, Mohammad T, Elasbali AM, Abu Al-Soud W, Hussain Alharethi S, Hassan MI. Discovering Tuberosin and Villosol as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of AKT1 for Therapeutic Targeting of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071083. [PMID: 35887580 PMCID: PMC9322152 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major cause of death in developing countries because of high tobacco consumption. RAC-alpha serine-threonine kinase (AKT1) is considered as an attractive drug target because its prolonged activation and overexpression are associated with cancer progression and metastasis. In addition, several AKT1 inhibitors are being developed to control OSCC and other associated forms of cancers. We performed a screening of the IMPPAT (Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry and Therapeutics) database to discover promising AKT1 inhibitors which pass through various important filters such as ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties, physicochemical properties, PAINS (pan-assay interference compounds) filters, PASS (prediction of activity spectra for substances) analysis, and specific interactions with AKT1. Molecules bearing admirable binding affinity and specificity towards AKT1 were selected for further analysis. Initially, we identified 30 natural compounds bearing appreciable affinity and specific interaction with AKT1. Finally, tuberosin and villosol were selected as potent and selective AKT1 inhibitors. To obtain deeper insights into binding mechanism and selectivity, we performed an all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and principal component analysis (PCA). We observed that both tuberosin and villosol strongly bind to AKT1, and their complexes were stable throughout the simulation trajectories. Our in-depth structure analysis suggested that tuberosin and villosol could be further exploited in the therapeutic targeting of OSCC and other cancers after further clinical validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Deeba Shamim Jairajpuri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain;
| | - Muskan Chaddha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21924, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waleed Abu Al-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Hussain Alharethi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts and Science, Najran University, Najran 66252, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.C.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
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Khan S, Alhumaydhi FA, Khan MS, Sharaf SE, Al Abdulmonem W, Hassan MI, Shamsi A, Kumar Yadav D. Exploring binding mechanism of naringenin to human transferrin using combined spectroscopic and computational methods: Towards therapeutic targeting of neurodegenerative diseases. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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4
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Yang C, Alam A, Alhumaydhi FA, Khan MS, Alsagaby SA, Al Abdulmonem W, Hassan MI, Shamsi A, Bano B, Yadav DK. Bioactive Phytoconstituents as Potent Inhibitors of Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Yes (YES1): Implications in Anticancer Therapeutics. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103060. [PMID: 35630545 PMCID: PMC9147520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes (YES1) belongs to the Tyrosine-protein kinase family and is involved in several biological activities, including cell survival, cell–cell adhesion, cell differentiation, and cytoskeleton remodeling. It is highly expressed in esophageal, lung, and bladder cancers, and thus considered as an attractive drug target for cancer therapy. In this study, we performed a virtual screening of phytoconstituents from the IMPPAT database to identify potential inhibitors of YES1. Initially, the molecules were retrieved on their physicochemical properties following the Lipinski rule of five. Then binding affinities calculation, PAINS filter, ADMET, and PASS analyses followed by an interaction analysis to select safe and clinically better hits. Finally, two compounds, Glabrene and Lupinisoflavone C (LIC), with appreciable affinities and a specific interaction towards the AlphaFold predicted structure of YES1, were identified. Their time-evolution analyses were carried out using an all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, principal component analysis, and free energy landscapes. Altogether, we propose that Glabrene and LIC can be further explored in clinical settings to develop anticancer therapeutics targeting YES1 kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmin Yang
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou 510850, China;
| | - Afsar Alam
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Suliman A. Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11932, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.I.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.I.H.); (A.S.)
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bilqees Bano
- Department of Biochemistry, f/O Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (D.K.Y.)
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21924, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (D.K.Y.)
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5
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Bhat BA, Mir WR, Sheikh BA, Alkanani M, Mir MA. Metabolite fingerprinting of phytoconstituents from Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don and molecular docking analysis of bioactive peonidin with microbial drug target proteins. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7296. [PMID: 35508512 PMCID: PMC9068770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don (Liliaceae), a valuable and critically endangered medicinal herb of northwest India, including Jammu and Kashmir, grows in temperate to alpine regions of the Himalaya. It is known as the traditional herb for cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and metabolic disorders. The plant bulbs are precious and are used to cure many other health complications. The current study analysed the phytoconstituents by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) of different crude extracts (methanolic, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate) of F. cirrhosa. The LC–MS analysis from the bulbs of F. cirrhosa yielded 88 bioactive compounds, with the vast majority having therapeutic applications. Further, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by broth microdilution method of F. cirrhosa against tested bacterial and fungal pathogens showed remarkable results with MICs ranging between 6.25–200 µg/mL and 50–400 µg/mL, respectively. Subsequently, these 88 identified phytocompounds were tested for their bioactivity through ADMET prediction by SwissADME and in silico molecular docking studies. Results revealed that Peonidin might have maximum antibacterial and antifungal activity against various microbial protein drug targets among the phytochemical compounds identified. Furthermore, the highest binding affinity complex was subjected to molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) analysis using Desmond Schrodinger v3.8. The root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) graphs obtained through the molecular dynamic simulations indicated the true bonding interactions, further validated using the root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) graphs which provided a better understanding of the amino acids present in the proteins responsible for the molecular motions and fluctuations. To our best knowledge, this is the first description of the phytochemical constituents of the bulbs of F.cirrhosa analyzed through LC–MS, which show pharmacological significance. The in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics study of peonidin was also performed to confirm its broad-spectrum activities based on the binding interactions with the antibacterial and antifungal target proteins. The present study results will create a way for the invention of herbal medicines for several ailments by using F. cirrhosa plants, which may lead to the development of novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Wajahat Rashid Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Sheikh
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Mustafa Alkanani
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, 11597, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
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Shamsi A, Shahwan M, Khan MS, Alhumaydhi FA, Alsagaby SA, Al Abdulmonem W, Abdullaev B, Yadav DK. Mechanistic Insight into Binding of Huperzine A with Human Serum Albumin: Computational and Spectroscopic Approaches. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030797. [PMID: 35164061 PMCID: PMC8839580 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in plasma synthesized by the liver and the main modulator of fluid distribution between body compartments. It has an amazing capacity to bind with multiple ligands, offering a store and transporter for various endogenous and exogenous compounds. Huperzine A (HpzA) is a natural sesquiterpene alkaloid found in Huperzia serrata and used in various neurological conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study elucidated the binding of HpzA with HSA using advanced computational approaches such as molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation followed by fluorescence-based binding assays. The molecular docking result showed plausible interaction between HpzA and HSA. The MD simulation and principal component analysis (PCA) results supported the stable interactions of the protein–ligand complex. The fluorescence assay further validated the in silico study, revealing significant binding affinity between HpzA and HSA. This study advocated that HpzA acts as a latent HSA binding partner, which may be investigated further in AD therapy in experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates;
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (D.K.Y.)
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates;
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Suliman A. Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11932, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Scientific Department, Akfa University, Tashkent 100022, Uzbekistan;
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21924, Korea
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (D.K.Y.)
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Anjum F, Sulaimani MN, Shafie A, Mohammad T, Ashraf GM, Bilgrami AL, Alhumaydhi FA, Alsagaby SA, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Bioactive phytoconstituents as potent inhibitors of casein kinase-2: dual implications in cancer and COVID-19 therapeutics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:7872-7882. [PMID: 35424745 PMCID: PMC8982221 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09339h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a conserved serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in hematopoietic cell survival, cell cycle control, DNA repair, and other cellular processes. It plays a significant role in cancer progression and viral infection. CK2 is considered a potential drug target in cancers and COVID-19 therapy. In this study, we have performed a virtual screening of phytoconstituents from the IMPPAT database to identify some potential inhibitors of CK2. The initial filter was the physicochemical properties of the molecules following the Lipinski rule of five. Then binding affinity calculation, PAINS filter, ADMET, and PASS analyses followed by interaction analysis were carried out to discover nontoxic and better hits. Finally, two compounds, stylopine and dehydroevodiamines with appreciable affinity and specific interaction towards CK2, were identified. Their time-evolution analyses were carried out using all-atom molecular dynamics simulation, principal component analysis and free energy landscape. Altogether, we propose that stylopine and dehydroevodiamines can be further explored in in vitro and in vivo settings to develop anticancer and antiviral therapeutics. Showing protein–ligands interactions, electrostatic potential of CK2 bound to selected compounds, free energy landscapes of CK2-stylopine, and CK2-dehydroevodiamines complexes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Nayab Sulaimani
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 21589
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar L. Bilgrami
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman A. Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City 21924, Korea
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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8
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Shafie A, Khan S, Zehra, Mohammad T, Anjum F, Hasan GM, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Identification of Phytoconstituents as Potent Inhibitors of Casein Kinase-1 Alpha Using Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2157. [PMID: 34959438 PMCID: PMC8707374 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase-1 alpha (CK1α) is a multifunctional protein kinase that belongs to the serine/threonine kinases of the CK1α family. It is involved in various signaling pathways associated with chromosome segregation, cell metabolism, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, autophagy, etc. It has been known to involve in the progression of many diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, obesity, and behavioral disorders. The elevated expression of CK1α in diseased conditions facilitates its selective targeting for therapeutic management. Here, we have performed virtual screening of phytoconstituents from the IMPPAT database seeking potential inhibitors of CK1α. First, a cluster of compounds was retrieved based on physicochemical parameters following Lipinski's rules and PAINS filter. Further, high-affinity hits against CK1α were obtained based on their binding affinity score. Furthermore, the ADMET, PAINS, and PASS evaluation was carried out to select more potent hits. Finally, following the interaction analysis, we elucidated three phytoconstituents, Semiglabrinol, Curcusone_A, and Liriodenine, posturing considerable affinity and specificity towards the CK1α binding pocket. The result was further evaluated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, dynamical cross-correlation matrix (DCCM), and principal components analysis (PCA), which revealed that binding of the selected compounds, especially Semiglabrinol, stabilizes CK1α and leads to fewer conformational fluctuations. The MM-PBSA analysis suggested an appreciable binding affinity of all three compounds toward CK1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa;
| | - Zehra
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City 21924, Korea
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
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Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Lian X, Li F, Wang C, Zhu F, Qiu Y, Chen Y. Therapeutic target database update 2022: facilitating drug discovery with enriched comparative data of targeted agents. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 50:D1398-D1407. [PMID: 34718717 PMCID: PMC8728281 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery relies on the knowledge of not only drugs and targets, but also the comparative agents and targets. These include poor binders and non-binders for developing discovery tools, prodrugs for improved therapeutics, co-targets of therapeutic targets for multi-target strategies and off-target investigations, and the collective structure-activity and drug-likeness landscapes of enhanced drug feature. However, such valuable data are inadequately covered by the available databases. In this study, a major update of the Therapeutic Target Database, previously featured in NAR, was therefore introduced. This update includes (a) 34 861 poor binders and 12 683 non-binders of 1308 targets; (b) 534 prodrug-drug pairs for 121 targets; (c) 1127 co-targets of 672 targets regulated by 642 approved and 624 clinical trial drugs; (d) the collective structure-activity landscapes of 427 262 active agents of 1565 targets; (e) the profiles of drug-like properties of 33 598 agents of 1102 targets. Moreover, a variety of additional data and function are provided, which include the cross-links to the target structure in PDB and AlphaFold, 159 and 1658 newly emerged targets and drugs, and the advanced search function for multi-entry target sequences or drug structures. The database is accessible without login requirement at: https://idrblab.org/ttd/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yintao Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xichen Lian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chaoxin Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 330110, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yuzong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, The Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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