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Özönder Ş, Ünlü C, Güleryüz C, Trabzon L. Doped Graphene Quantum Dots UV-vis Absorption Spectrum: A High-Throughput TDDFT Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:2112-2118. [PMID: 36687068 PMCID: PMC9850463 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report on time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the excited states of 63 different graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in square shape with side lengths of 1, 1.5, and 2 nm. We investigate the systematics and trends in the UV-vis absorption spectra of these GQDs, which are doped with elements B, N, O, S, and P at dopant percentages of 1.5%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. The results show how the peaks in the UV and visible parts of the spectrum as well as the total absorption evolve in the chemical parameter space along the coordinates of size, dopant type, and dopant percentage. The absorption spectra calculated here can be used to obtain particular GQD mixture proportions that would yield a desired absorption profile such as flat absorption across the whole visible spectrum or one that is locally peaked around a chosen wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şener Özönder
- Institute
for Data Science & Artificial Intelligence, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Caner Ünlü
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Cihat Güleryüz
- Department
of Physics, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
- Department
of Opticianry, Altınbaş University, Istanbul 34217, Turkey
| | - Levent Trabzon
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul Technical
University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
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2
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Investigation of the adsorption of a DNA based purine derivative on N/B-doped coronene and coronene by means of DFT and NCI interaction analysis. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Adsorption of Pyrimidin-2-amine (PA) on Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs): Non-Covalent Interaction Study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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4
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Mocci F, de Villiers Engelbrecht L, Olla C, Cappai A, Casula MF, Melis C, Stagi L, Laaksonen A, Carbonaro CM. Carbon Nanodots from an In Silico Perspective. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13709-13799. [PMID: 35948072 PMCID: PMC9413235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are the latest and most shining rising stars among photoluminescent (PL) nanomaterials. These carbon-based surface-passivated nanostructures compete with other related PL materials, including traditional semiconductor quantum dots and organic dyes, with a long list of benefits and emerging applications. Advantages of CNDs include tunable inherent optical properties and high photostability, rich possibilities for surface functionalization and doping, dispersibility, low toxicity, and viable synthesis (top-down and bottom-up) from organic materials. CNDs can be applied to biomedicine including imaging and sensing, drug-delivery, photodynamic therapy, photocatalysis but also to energy harvesting in solar cells and as LEDs. More applications are reported continuously, making this already a research field of its own. Understanding of the properties of CNDs requires one to go to the levels of electrons, atoms, molecules, and nanostructures at different scales using modern molecular modeling and to correlate it tightly with experiments. This review highlights different in silico techniques and studies, from quantum chemistry to the mesoscale, with particular reference to carbon nanodots, carbonaceous nanoparticles whose structural and photophysical properties are not fully elucidated. The role of experimental investigation is also presented. Hereby, we hope to encourage the reader to investigate CNDs and to apply virtual chemistry to obtain further insights needed to customize these amazing systems for novel prospective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mocci
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy,
| | | | - Chiara Olla
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Antonio Cappai
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Casula
- Department
of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, IT 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudio Melis
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Luigi Stagi
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Aatto Laaksonen
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy,Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden,State Key
Laboratory of Materials-Oriented and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China,Centre
of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, PetruPoni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania,Division
of Energy Science, Energy Engineering, Luleå
University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden,
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5
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Varet A, Prcovic N, Terrioux C, Hagebaum-Reignier D, Carissan Y. BenzAI: A Program to Design Benzenoids with Defined Properties Using Constraint Programming. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:2811-2820. [PMID: 35612612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The BenzAI program can automatically generate benzenoids with defined structural constraints, like the number of hexagons, the number of carbon and/or hydrogen atoms, the existence of symmetries, the number of Kekulé structures, their diameter, or more elaborate criteria like their irregularity. BenzAI allows both automatic generation and manual building of benzenoids including or excluding defined patterns. For all benzenoids with less than 10 rings, it can extract IR spectra from a database that we generated. It computes local aromaticity for closed-shell and monoradical species using circuit-based algorithms. We present practical examples of what can be done with BenzAI for a diversity of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Varet
- Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, LIS, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Prcovic
- Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, LIS, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Terrioux
- Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, LIS, 13013 Marseille, France
| | | | - Yannick Carissan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, ISM2, 13013 Marseille, France
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Anithaa V, Suresh R, Kuklin AV, Vijayakumar S. Adsorption of volatile organic compounds on pristine and defected nanographene. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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Rakhi R, Suresh CH. Optoelectronic Properties of Polycyclic Benzenoid Hydrocarbons of Various Sizes and Shapes for Donor‐π‐Acceptor Systems: A DFT Study. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Rakhi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Cherumuttathu H. Suresh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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Shao X, Aquino AJA, Otyepka M, Nachtigallová D, Lischka H. Tuning the UV spectrum of PAHs by means of different N-doping types taking pyrene as paradigmatic example: categorization via valence bond theory and high-level computational approaches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22003-22015. [PMID: 32975249 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tuning of the electronic spectra of carbon dots by means of inserting heteroatoms into the π-conjugated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) system is a popular tool to achieve a broad range of absorption and emission frequencies. Especially nitrogen atoms have been used successfully for that purpose. Despite the significant progress achieved with these procedures, the prediction of specific shifts in the UV-vis spectra and the understanding of the electronic transitions is still a challenging task. In this work, high-level quantum chemical methods based on multireference (MR) and single-reference (SR) methods have been used to predict the effect of different nitrogen doping patterns inserted into the prototypical PAH pyrene on its absorption spectrum. Furthermore, a simple classification scheme based on valence bond (VB) theory and the Clar sextet rule in combination with the harmonic oscillator measure of aromaticity (HOMA) index was applied to arrange the different doping structures into groups and rationalize their electronic properties. The results show a wide variety of mostly redshifts in the spectra as compared to the pristine pyrene case. The most interesting doping structures with the largest red shifts leading to absorption energies below one eV could be readily explained by the occurrence of diradical VB structures in combination with Clar sextets. Moreover, analysis of the electronic transitions computed with MR methods showed that several of the low-lying excited states possess double-excitation character, which cannot be realized by the popular SR methods and, thus, are simply absent in the calculated spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Adelia J A Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic and Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Hans Lischka
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA
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9
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Vatanparast M, Shariatinia Z. Revealing the role of different nitrogen functionalities in the drug delivery performance of graphene quantum dots: a combined density functional theory and molecular dynamics approach. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6156-6171. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00971j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of different N-functionalities was investigated on the drug delivery performance of N-GQDs. Results suggested that the center N-GQD had a better performance than the pristine and edge N-GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Vatanparast
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Zahra Shariatinia
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)
- Tehran
- Iran
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Lin CK. Pyridine vs N-Hydrogenated Pyridine Moieties: Theoretical Study of Stability and Spectroscopy of Nitrogen-Contained Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds and Graphene Nanoflakes. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:12312-12319. [PMID: 31459305 PMCID: PMC6645572 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is one of the most common heteroatom appearing in heterocyclic aromatic compounds (HACs) as well as the frequently applied dopant in graphene nanoflakes/nanoribbons. The pyridine moiety is an intuitive and stable common feature of these compounds; but interestingly, using density functional theory calculations, we found that the N-hydrogenated pyridine moiety could be even more stable in large HACs and in N-doped graphene nanoflakes considering their formation reaction energies. The hydrogenation reaction of the pyridine moiety was calculated to be exothermic for models of four and more fused aromatic rings with specific substitutional positions of nitrogen. This theoretical investigation provides energetic and spectroscopic hints to the existence of the N-hydrogenated pyridine moiety under proper conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kai Lin
- Center
for Condensed Matter Sciences, National
Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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