1
|
Goyal S, Reddy SR. Investigation of excited states of BODIPY derivatives and non-orthogonal dimers from the perspective of singlet fission. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39390812 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
We report state of the art electronic structure calculations RICC2 and XMCQDPT of BODIPY nonorthogonal dimers to understand the photophysical processes from the intramolecular singlet fission (iSF) perspective. We have calculated singlet, triplet and quintet states at the XMCQDPT(8,8)/cc-pVDZ level of theory and diabatic singlet states at the XMCQDPT(4,4)/cc-pVDZ level of theory. In all the systems studied, charge transfer states (1(CA) and 1(AC)) couple strongly with locally excited (1(S1S0)) and multiexcitonic (1(T1T1)) states. The rates of formation of the multiexcitonic state from the locally excited state are very low on account of large activation energy (E(1(T1T1)) - E(1(S1S0))). A relaxed scan along the torsional angle revealed contrasting results for axial and orthogonal conformers. We proposed a probable mechanism for contrasting photophysical properties of dimers B[3,3] and B[2,8]. We also found that substitution of CN, NH2 and BH2 at meso, β and α positions reduces the energy gap (ΔSF = 2E(T1) - E(S1)) significantly, making iSF a competing process in triplet state generation. Intrigued by the success of the CN group at the meso position in reducing the energy gap, we also studied the azaBODIPY monomer and its derivatives using the same methodology. The iSF is slightly endoergic with ΔSF ∼ 0.2 eV in these systems and iSF may play an important role in their photophysical responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophiya Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India.
| | - S Rajagopala Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sbai A, Guthmuller J. Singlet and triplet excited states of a series of BODIPY dyes as calculated by TDDFT and DLPNO-STEOM-CCSD methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39364603 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02920h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
The singlet and triplet excited states of three iodine substituted BODIPY dyes differing by their substituents (-phenyl, -phenylOH and -phenylNO2) at the meso position of the BODIPY core (BOD) are investigated using (TDA)-TDDFT and DLPNO-STEOM-CCSD calculations. An assessment of hybrid (B3LYP and MN15) and double hybrid (SOS-PBE-QIDH and SOS-ωPBEPP86) exchange-correlation functionals is performed with respect to the DLPNO-STEOM-CCSD method for four types of transitions, namely , , and . It is found that MN15 and SOS-PBE-QIDH provide a balanced description of the excited state energies when compared to the DLPNO-STEOM-CCSD results. An investigation of the effects of the solvent (dichloromethane), of the substituent and of geometrical relaxation in the excited states is then performed. In particular, the study discusses the possibility of populating charge transfer states ( and ) following photoexcitation in the first and second absorption bands in these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aoussaj Sbai
- Institute of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Julien Guthmuller
- Institute of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nykänen A, Thiessen L, Borrelli EM, Krishna V, Knecht S, Pavošević F. Toward Accurate Calculation of Excitation Energies on Quantum Computers with ΔADAPT-VQE: A Case Study of BODIPY Derivatives. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7111-7117. [PMID: 38954795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Quantum chemistry simulations offer a cost-effective way to computationally design BODIPY photosensitizers. However, accurate predictions of excitation energies pose a challenge for time-dependent density functional theory and equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles methods. By contrast, reliable predictions can be achieved by multireference quantum chemistry methods; unfortunately, their computational cost increases exponentially with the number of electrons. Alternatively, quantum computing holds potential for an exact simulation of the photophysical properties in a computationally more efficient way. Herein, we introduce the state-specific ΔUCCSD-VQE (unitary coupled-cluster singles and doubles-variational quantum eigensolver) and ΔADAPT-VQE methods in which the electronically excited state is calculated via a non-Aufbau configuration. We show for six BODIPY derivatives that the proposed methods predict accurate excitation energies that are in good agreement with those from experiments. Due to its performance and simplicity, we believe that ΔADAPT will become a useful approach for the simulation of BODIPY photosensitizers on near-term quantum devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Nykänen
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Vijay Krishna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Stefan Knecht
- Algorithmiq Ltd., Kanavakatu 3C, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tölle J, Niemeyer N, Neugebauer J. Accelerating Analytic-Continuation GW Calculations with a Laplace Transform and Natural Auxiliary Functions. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:2022-2032. [PMID: 38469629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c01264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
We present a simple and accurate GW implementation based on a combination of a Laplace transform (LT) and other acceleration techniques used in post-self-consistent field quantum chemistry, namely, natural auxiliary functions and the frozen-core approximation. The LT-GW approach combines three major benefits: (a) a small prefactor for computational scaling, (b) easy integration into existing molecular GW implementations, and (c) significant performance improvements for a wide range of possible applications. Illustrating these advantages for systems consisting of up to 352 atoms and 7412 basis functions, we further demonstrate the benefits of this approach combined with an efficient implementation of the Bethe-Salpeter equation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Tölle
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Niklas Niemeyer
- University of Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- University of Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Helal W. Double Hybrid Density Functionals for the Electronic Excitation Energies of Linear Cyanines. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:131-141. [PMID: 36537875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The lowest bright electronic excitations of seven model linear cyanines (CN3-CN15) using 28 double-hybrid (DH) density functionals are benchmarked against accurate and recent CC3 results. Some of these DH functionals are recently designed specifically for excited electronic state calculations. In addition, CIS, CIS(D), SCS-CIS(D), and SOS-CIS(D) were also tested. Four different basis sets were used for the vertical electronic excitation calculations: cc-pVDZ, aug-cc-pVDZ, cc-pVTZ, and aug-cc-pVTZ basis. Augmented basis sets (e.g. aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ) are found to be required for accurate and consistent results using DH functionals. The DH functionals tested in this work are classified into four main groups: global double-hybrids (GDH), range-separated double-hybrids (RSDH), spin-component and spin-opposite scaling global double-hybrids (SCS/SOS-GDH), and spin-component and spin-opposite scaling range-separated double-hybrids (SCS/SOS-RSDH). Within these groups, the SCS/SOS-RSDH group of functionals is found to provide the lowest mean absolute error (MAE) values (in the range 0.020-0.148 eV) in comparison with the GDH group (0.195-0.441 eV), the RSDH group (0.186-0.511 eV), and the SCS/SOS-GDH group (0.079-0.461 eV). Of all the DH functionals and ab initio methods investigated in the present contribution, the following functionals are found to be the most accurate and consistent: SCS-ωB2GPPLYP (MAE = 0.036 eV), SOS-ωB2GPPLYP (MAE = 0.020 eV), SOS-ωB88PP86 (MAE = 0.035 eV), and SOS-ωPBEPP86 (MAE = 0.037 eV). In general, the ab initio methods tested here show mediocre performance as compared to many DH functionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Helal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Toffoli D, Quarin M, Fronzoni G, Stener M. Accurate Vertical Excitation Energies of BODIPY/Aza-BODIPY Derivatives from Excited-State Mean-Field Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:7137-7146. [PMID: 36173265 PMCID: PMC9574914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report a benchmark study of vertical excitation energies
and
oscillator strengths for the HOMO → LUMO transitions of 17
boron–dipyrromethene (BODIPY) structures, showing a large variety
of ring sizes and substituents. Results obtained at the time-dependent
density functional theory (TDDFT) and at the delta-self-consistent-field
(ΔSCF) by using 13 different exchange correlation kernels (within
LDA, GGA, hybrid, and range-separated approximations) are benchmarked
against the experimental excitation energies when available. It is
found that the time-independent ΔSCF DFT method, when used in
combination with hybrid PBE0 and B3LYP functionals, largely outperforms
TDDFT and can be quite competitive, in terms of accuracy, with computationally
more costly wave function based methods such as CC2 and CASPT2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Toffoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Quarin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fronzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Stener
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,CNR-IOM, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alkhatib Q, Helal W, Marashdeh A. Accurate predictions of the electronic excited states of BODIPY based dye sensitizers using spin-component-scaled double-hybrid functionals: a TD-DFT benchmark study. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1704-1717. [PMID: 35425182 PMCID: PMC8978916 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08795a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The vertical excitation energies of 13 BODIPY based dye sensitizers are benchmarked by means of TD-DFT, using 36 functionals from different DFT rungs. Most TD-DFT results were found to overestimate the excitation energies, and show mean absolute error (MAE) values in the range 0.2-0.5 eV. The dispersion-corrected, spin-component-scaled, double-hybrid (DSD) functionals DSD-BLYP and DSD-PBEP86 were found to have the smallest MAE values of 0.083 eV and 0.106 eV, respectively, which is close to the range of average errors found in the more expensive coupled-cluster methods. Moreover, DSD-BLYP and DSD-PBEP86 functionals show excellent consistency and quality of results (standard deviation = 0.048 eV and 0.069 eV respectively). However, the range separated hybrid (RSH) and the range separated double hybrid (RSDH) functionals were found to provide the best predictability (linear determination coefficient R 2 > 0.97 eV).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qabas Alkhatib
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan Amman 11 942 Jordan
| | - Wissam Helal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan Amman 11 942 Jordan
| | - Ali Marashdeh
- Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University 19 117 Al-Salt Jordan
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University P. O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Helal W, Alkhatib Q, Gharaibeh M. Can time-dependent double hybrid density functionals accurately predict electronic excitation energies of BODIPY compounds? COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
9
|
Postils V, Ruipérez F, Casanova D. Mild Open-Shell Character of BODIPY and Its Impact on Singlet and Triplet Excitation Energies. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:5825-5838. [PMID: 34517706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study describes and rationalizes the electronic structure of BODIPY combining a large variety of quantum chemistry methods and computational tools. Examination of the obtained results using state-of-the-art electronic structure analyses provides a new and complete interpretation of the nature of low-lying electronic states in BODIPY and elucidates the limitations of excited-state methods in the computation of T1 and S1 energies, that is, systematic under- and overestimation of time-dependent density functional theory energies, respectively, and a large overestimation of the T1/S1 energy gap. Our analysis identifies the important role and physical origin of the mild open-shell character in the BODIPY ground state, that is, strong highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital exchange interactions. The study provides guidelines for the accurate quantification of the T1/S1 gap, which is extremely relevant for the computational investigation of the photophysical properties of BODIPY and its derivatives. These conclusions should be taken into consideration in order to predict and interpret conspicuous photoactivated phenomena such as intersystem crossing, singlet fission, and triplet-triplet annihilation. Moreover, we believe that our study might provide new ideas and strategies for the analysis of other molecular chromophores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verònica Postils
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Fernando Ruipérez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Electronically excited state structures and stabilities of organic small molecules: A DFT study of triphenylamine derivatives. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|