Structure investigation, spectral characterization, electronic properties, and antimicrobial and molecular docking studies of 3′-(1-benzyl-5-methyl-1H -1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonyl)-1′-methyl-4′-phenyl-2H -spiro[acenaphthylene-1,2′-pyrrolidine]-2-one

Synthesis and Characterization of New Spirooxindoles Including Triazole and Benzimidazole Pharmacophores via [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction: An MEDT Study of the Mechanism and Selectivity

A new series of spirooxindoles based on benzimidazole, triazole, and isatin moieties were synthesized via a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction protocol in one step. The single X-ray crystal structure of the intermediate triazole-benzimidazole 4 was solved. The new chemical structures of these spirooxindole molecules have been achieved for the first time. The final synthesized chemical architecture has differently characterized electronic effects. An MEDT study of the key 32CA reaction between in situ generated azomethine ylide (AY) and chalcones explained the low reaction rates and the total selectivities observed. The supernucleophilic character of AY and the strong electrophilicity of chalcones favor these reactions through a highly polar two-stage one-step mechanism in which bond formation at the β-conjugated carbon of the chalcones is more advanced. The present combined experimental and theoretical study reports the synthesis of new spirooxindoles with potential biological activities and fully characterizes the molecular mechanisms for their formation through the key 32CA reaction step.

Theoretical Investigation of para Amino-Dichloro Chalcone Isomers. Part II: A DFT Structure-Stability Study of the FMO and NLO Properties

The density functional theory (DFT) method using the functional hybrid (B3LYP) and 6-311G(d,p) basis set was utilized for the geometry optimization with dispersion correction, procedure (GO + DC), for the E and Z chalcone isomers -1-(4-aminophenyl)- 3-(i,j-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, where (i) and (j) represent the positions of the two chlorine atoms [(2,3), (2,4),(2,5),(2,6),(3,4), and (3,5)] abbreviated (i,j)-chalcone, and 4-(x,y-dichloro-8aH-chromen-2-yl)aniline, where (x = 5,6 and y = 6,7,8,8a) abbreviated (x,y)-chromen isomers. The calculations revealed that E chalcones are the most stable and the 4-(x,y-dichloro-8aH-chromen-2-yl) aniline isomers are the least stable. The (3,5) chalcones were the most stable in both E and Z chalcone series. However, the 4-(5,8a-dichloro-8aH-chromen-2-yl) aniline is the most stable in the series. The isomer stability order is the same as in Part 1, in which the geometry optimization calculation was followed by the dispersion correction single point energy calculation (GO/SPDC) procedure. The procedures (GO + DC) and (GO/SPDC) were used to calculate energies of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest-unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and related properties. The order of the HOMO-LUMO energy gap (ΔE gap) was chromens Collapse

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Affiliation(s)

Haval A. Hussein Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Duhok, Zakho Street 38, 1006AJDuhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Ghazwan F. Fadhil Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Duhok, Zakho Street 38, 1006AJDuhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

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Synthesis, crystal structure elucidation, DFT analysis, drug-likeness and ADMET evaluation and molecular docking studies of triazole derivatives: Binary inhibition of spike protein and ACE2 receptor protein of COVID-19

The recent incidence of terrible acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) has presently experienced some noteworthy mutations since its discovery in 2019 in Wuhan, China. The present research work focuses on the synthesis of three triazole derivatives (BMTPP, BMTTP, and BMTIP) and their inhibition activities against SARS-Cov-2 spike and ACE2 receptor proteins. The crystal structure for BMTTP was determined by the SCXRD method and optimized geometrical parameters for the three triazole derivatives were obtained by DFT calculations. HOMO-LUMO, Global reactive descriptors [GRD], and Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) investigations exposed that all three compounds have biological properties. The drug-likeness ability of the synthesized compounds was examined using Molinspiration and a pre-ADMET online Server. Further, to explore the binding nature of three synthesized compounds with SARS-Cov-2 spike proteins/ACE2 receptor molecular docking studies were executed. The outcomes we obtained from molecular docking simulation studies suggest that the synthesized triazole derivatives may be well utilized as curing medicines against COVID-19. Ultimately, animal tests and precise clinical tests are required to prove the potent nature of these compounds against COVID-19. Finally, the present outcomes must be proved to utilize in-vitro and in-vivo antiviral methods.

Three-Component Access to Functionalized Spiropyrrolidine Heterocyclic Scaffolds and Their Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity

A novel one-pot [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction of (E)-3-arylidene-1-phenyl-succinimides, cyclic 1,2-diketones (isatin, 5-chloro-isatin and acenaphtenequinone), and diverse α-aminoacids such as 2-phenylglycine or sarcosine is reported. The reaction provides succinimide-substituted dispiropyrrolidine derivatives with high regio- and diastereoselectivities under mild reaction conditions. The stereochemistry of these N-heterocycles has been confirmed by four X-ray diffraction studies. Several synthetized compounds show higher inhibition on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) than butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Of the 17 synthesized compounds tested, five exhibit good AChE inhibition with IC50 of 11.42 to 22.21 µM. A molecular docking study has also been undertaken for compound 4n possessing the most potent AChE inhibitory activity, disclosing its binding to the peripheral anionic site of AChE enzymes.