1
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Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F, Shojaei-Zarghani S, Sharifi-Zahabi E, Gerami F, Pashaei MR. Associations of circulating advanced glycation end products and their soluble receptors with cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Glycoconj J 2024; 41:35-46. [PMID: 38498243 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-024-10147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGE) in complex with their receptors (RAGE) cause a chronic inflammatory state in the body, which is the major mechanism in cancer development. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the observational studies investigating the association between AGEs / sRAGE and cancer incidence. The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched to identify papers focused on the associations of sRAGE and AGEs with cancer incidence up to May 2023. Eight studies with a total of 7690 participants were included in the analysis to evaluate the association between circulating sRAGE and cancer incidence. The results indicated that circulating sRAGE (per 100 ng/L) had a significant inverse association with cancer incidence (RR 0.977; 95% CI 0.956, 0.999; p = 0.036; I 2 = 73.3%). The association between AGEs and cancer incidence was evaluated in 8 studies with a total of 3718 individuals. Serum concentrations of AGEs (per 100 µg/L) were not associated with the risk of cancer incidence (RR 0.988; 95% CI 0.974, 1.002; p = 0.08; I2 = 78.8%). Our findings revealed that a higher circulating sRAGE may have a protective effect against cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elham Sharifi-Zahabi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzad Gerami
- Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pashaei
- Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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2
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Saeki C, Saito M, Tsubota A. Plasma pentosidine as a useful biomarker of sarcopenia, low gait speed, and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1212899. [PMID: 37780552 PMCID: PMC10541311 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1212899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is associated with various diseases and age-related impairments, including loss of muscle mass and function. We investigated the association between plasma pentosidine, which is one of the AGEs, and sarcopenia, low gait speed, and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Methods This retrospective study divided 128 patients with cirrhosis into three groups by 25th and 75th quartiles of baseline plasma pentosidine levels: low (L)-, intermediate (I)-, and high (H)-pentosidine (Pen) groups. Sarcopenia was diagnosed following the Japan Society of Hepatology criteria. Low gait speed was defined as <0.8 m/s. The cumulative survival rates were compared between the three groups. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with mortality. Results Of the 128 patients, 40 (31.3%) and 34 (26.6%) had sarcopenia and low gait speed, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia and low gait speed significantly increased stepwise with increasing plasma pentosidine levels, with the highest in the H-Pen group (59.4% [19/32] and 56.3% [18/32], respectively) and lowest in the L-Pen group (18.8% [6/32] and 6.3% [2/32], respectively). Multivariate analysis identified plasma pentosidine levels as a significant and independent factor associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; p = 0.036) and low gait speed (OR, 1.06; p = 0.036), with the cutoff levels of 0.0792 μg/mL (sensitivity/specificity, 0.600/0.773) and 0.0745 μg/mL (sensitivity/specificity, 0.735/0.691), respectively. The cumulative survival rates were significantly lower in the H-Pen group than in the L-Pen (hazard ratio [HR], 11.7; p = 0.001) and I-Pen (HR, 4.03; p < 0.001) groups. Plasma pentosidine levels were identified as a significant and independent prognostic factor (HR, 1.07; p < 0.001). Conclusion Plasma pentosidine levels are associated with sarcopenia, low gait speed, and mortality and may serve as a useful surrogate biomarker for these clinical events in patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Saeki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fuji City General Hospital, Fuji, Shizuoka, Japan
- Liver Disease Control Science, Graduate School of Organic Pathology and Therapeutics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Tsubota
- Liver Disease Control Science, Graduate School of Organic Pathology and Therapeutics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Project Research Units, Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Sakasai-Sakai A, Takeda K, Takeuchi M. Involvement of Intracellular TAGE and the TAGE-RAGE-ROS Axis in the Onset and Progression of NAFLD/NASH. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030748. [PMID: 36978995 PMCID: PMC10045097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The repeated excessive intake of sugar, a factor that contributes to the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression to the chronic form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), markedly increases the hepatocyte content of glyceraldehyde (GA), a glucose/fructose metabolic intermediate. Toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are synthesized by cross-linking reactions between the aldehyde group of GA and the amino group of proteins, and their accumulation has been implicated in the development of NAFLD/NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous findings not only showed that hepatocyte disorders were induced by the intracellular accumulation of TAGE, but they also indicated that extracellular leakage resulted in elevated TAGE concentrations in circulating fluids. Interactions between extracellular TAGE and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) affect intracellular signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which may, in turn, contribute to the pathological changes observed in NAFLD/NASH. RAGE plays a role in the effects of the extracellular leakage of TAGE on the surrounding cells, which ultimately promote the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This review describes the relationships between intracellular TAGE levels and hepatocyte and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) damage as well as the TAGE-RAGE-ROS axis in hepatocytes, HSC, and HCC cells. The "TAGE theory" will provide novel insights for future research on NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeda
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
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4
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Takeuchi M, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Takino JI, Koriyama Y. Effects of Toxic AGEs (TAGE) on Human Health. Cells 2022; 11:2178. [PMID: 35883620 PMCID: PMC9317028 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The habitual and excessive consumption of sugar (i.e., sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup, HFCS) is associated with the onset and progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have recently been the focus of research on the factors contributing to LSRD. Approaches that inhibit the effects of AGEs may be used to prevent and/or treat LSRD; however, since the structures of AGEs vary depending on the type of reducing sugars or carbonyl compounds to which they respond, difficulties are associated with verifying that AGEs are an etiological factor. Cytotoxic AGEs derived from glyceraldehyde, a triose intermediate in the metabolism of glucose and fructose, have been implicated in LSRD and are called toxic AGEs (TAGE). A dietary imbalance (the habitual and excessive intake of sucrose, HFCS, or dietary AGEs) promotes the generation/accumulation of TAGE in vivo. Elevated circulating levels of TAGE have been detected in non-diabetics and diabetics, indicating a strong relationship between the generation/accumulation of TAGE in vivo and the onset and progression of LSRD. We herein outline current findings on "TAGE as a new target" for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Jun-ichi Takino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure 737-0112, Hiroshima, Japan;
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Mie, Japan;
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Tahara N, Tahara A, Maeda-Ogata S, Yoshimura H, Bekki M, Sugiyama Y, Honda A, Igata S, Nishino Y, Matsui T, Fukami A, Enomoto M, Adachi H, Fukumoto Y, Yamagishi SI. Increased Urinary Levels of Pentosidine Measured by a Newly Developed Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Are Independently Correlated with Fracture After Fall. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:449-455. [PMID: 34846174 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2021.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although we have found that increased serum levels of glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with numerous aging-related disorders, it remains unclear which structurally distinct AGEs could be a reliable biomarker of the healthy life-threatening disorders. Since pentosidine is produced by glyceraldehyde, we measured here urinary pentosidine levels with a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, which requires no pretreatment with acid hydrolysis and heat, and examined their correlations with geriatric syndrome, such as musculoskeletal disease, frailty, and cognitive impairment, in a general population. Multiple regression analysis revealed that female, age, history of fracture after fall, and taking medication for diabetes were independent correlates of log urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio (R2 = 0.190). When gender-adjusted log urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio stratified by smile frequency grade was compared using analysis of covariance, urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio was significantly decreased according to the increase in smile frequency. Our present findings suggest that measurement of urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio by a newly developed ELISA kit may be useful for identifying high-risk patients for fall-related fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Atsuko Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shoko Maeda-Ogata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hanae Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Munehisa Bekki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sugiyama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akihiro Honda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Igata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yuri Nishino
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ako Fukami
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mika Enomoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hisashi Adachi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Litwinowicz K, Waszczuk E, Gamian A. Advanced Glycation End-Products in Common Non-Infectious Liver Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:3370. [PMID: 34684371 PMCID: PMC8537188 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive intake of fructose, glucose and alcohol is associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). At the same time, these dietetic factors create an environment favorable for the generation of advanced glycation end-products. For this reason, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are hypothesized to play role in the development of NAFLD and ALD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we explore the relationship between NAFLD and ALD with AGE levels, including their diagnostic accuracy. METHODS The systematic review and meta-analysis has been pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021240954) and was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses were performed using the meta R package. RESULTS We have obtained 11 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, reporting data on 1844 participants (909 with NAFLD, 169 with ALD and 766 healthy controls). NAFLD was associated with significantly higher AGE fluorescence and serum N-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) levels. Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis had significantly higher levels of N-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML). Only individual studies examined AGEs in the context of their diagnostic accuracy. AGE fluorescence distinguished low and moderate steatosis with an AUC of 0.76. The ratio of CML, CEL and pentosidine to a soluble variant of the AGE receptor differentiated patients with NAFLD from healthy controls with high AUC (0.83-0.85). Glyceraldehyde-derived AGE separated non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with acceptable performance (AUC 0.78). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, NAFLD and ALD are associated with significantly higher levels of several AGEs. More research is needed to examine the diagnostic accuracy of AGEs, however individual studies show that AGEs perform well in distinguishing NAFL from NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Litwinowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Waszczuk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
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7
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Takino JI, Sato T, Nagamine K, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takeuchi M, Hori T. Suppression of Hepatic Stellate Cell Death by Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:112-117. [PMID: 33390537 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are produced by the non-enzymatic reaction of sugars with proteins. It has been revealed that glyceraldehyde-derived toxic AGEs (TAGE) are elevated in the serum of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients. NASH causes liver fibrosis and progresses to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the impact of TAGE in liver fibrosis caused by extracellular matrix accumulation remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effect of TAGE on the activation of hepatic stellate cells that are involved in liver fibrosis. LX-2 cells treated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) significantly reduced cell viability by apoptosis. However, the decrease in cell viability with TGF-β1 treatment was significantly suppressed by TAGE co-treatment. The levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-Rβ and its ligand PDGF-B were increased in LX-2 cells following TGF-β1 treatment, suggesting that these cells were activated; however, these increases were unaffected by TAGE co-treatment. Moreover, collagen I level was increased with TGF-β1 treatment, and this increase was further increased by TAGE co-treatment. These results suggested that the suppression of apoptosis in activated LX-2 cells by TGF-β1 and TAGE co-treatment is related to an increase in the production of the extracellular matrix such as collagen I. Therefore, it was suggested that TAGE might aggravate the liver fibrosis of chronic hepatitis, such as NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Takino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
| | - Takuma Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
| | | | | | | | - Takamitsu Hori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University
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8
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Mayén A, Aglago EK, Knaze V, Cordova R, Schalkwijk CG, Wagner K, Aleksandrova K, Fedirko V, Keski‐Rahkonen P, Leitzmann MF, Katzke V, Srour B, Schulze MB, Masala G, Krogh V, Panico S, Tumino R, Bueno‐de‐Mesquita B, Brustad M, Agudo A, Chirlaque López MD, Amiano P, Ohlsson B, Ramne S, Aune D, Weiderpass E, Jenab M, Freisling H. Dietary intake of advanced glycation endproducts and risk of hepatobiliary cancers: A multinational cohort study. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:854-864. [PMID: 33899229 PMCID: PMC8360042 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) may contribute to liver carcinogenesis because of their proinflammatory and prooxidative properties. Diet is a major source of AGEs, but there is sparse human evidence on the role of AGEs intake in liver cancer etiology. We examined the association between dietary AGEs and the risk of hepatobiliary cancers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition prospective cohort (n = 450 111). Dietary intake of three AGEs, Nε -[carboxymethyl]lysine (CML), Nε -[1-carboxyethyl]lysine (CEL) and Nδ -[5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl]-ornithine (MG-H1), was estimated using country-specific dietary questionnaires linked to an AGEs database. Cause-specific hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between dietary AGEs and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder and biliary tract cancers were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression. After a median follow-up time of 14.9 years, 255 cases of HCC, 100 cases of gallbladder cancer and 173 biliary tract cancers were ascertained. Higher intakes of dietary AGEs were inversely associated with the risk of HCC (per 1 SD increment, HR-CML = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99, HR-CEL = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.96 and HR-MH-G1 = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.97). In contrast, positive associations were observed with risk of gallbladder cancer (per 1 SD, HR-CML = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.05-1.56, HR-CEL = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.96-1.40, HR-MH-G1 = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06-1.54). No associations were observed for cancers of the intra and extrahepatic bile ducts. Our findings suggest that higher intakes of dietary AGEs are inversely associated with the risk of HCC and positively associated with the risk of gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana‐Lucia Mayén
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Elom K. Aglago
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Viktoria Knaze
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Reynalda Cordova
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular DiseasesMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Immunity and Metabolism Department of Nutrition and GerontologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐RehbrueckeNuthetalGermany
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Pekka Keski‐Rahkonen
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Michael F. Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineUniversity of RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGermany Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Bernard Srour
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGermany Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular EpidemiologyGerman Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐RehbrueckeNuthetalGermany
- Institute of Nutrition ScienceUniversity of PotsdamNuthetalGermany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life‐Style Epidemiology UnitInstitute for Cancer Research Prevention and Clinical Network—ISPROFlorenceItaly
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e ChirurgiaFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology DepartmentProvincial Health Authority (ASP)RagusaItaly
| | - Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD)National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)BilthovenThe Netherlands
| | - Magritt Brustad
- Department of Community MedicineUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and CancerCatalan Institute of Oncology—ICO, Nutrition and Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute—IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque López
- Department of EpidemiologyRegional Health Council, IMIB‐ArrixacaMurciaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of GipuzkoaBioDonostia Health Research InstituteDonostia‐San SebastianSpain
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Internal MedicineLund University, Skåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
| | - Stina Ramne
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of NutritionBjørknes University CollegeOsloNorway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC‐WHO)LyonFrance
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9
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Takeuchi M, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Takino JI, Koriyama Y, Kikuchi C, Furukawa A, Nagamine K, Hori T, Matsunaga T. Intracellular Toxic AGEs (TAGE) Triggers Numerous Types of Cell Damage. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030387. [PMID: 33808036 PMCID: PMC8001776 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The habitual intake of large amounts of sugar, which has been implicated in the onset/progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD), induces the excessive production of glyceraldehyde (GA), an intermediate of sugar metabolism, in neuronal cells, hepatocytes, and cardiomyocytes. Reactions between GA and intracellular proteins produce toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE), the accumulation of which contributes to various diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular disease. The cellular leakage of TAGE affects the surrounding cells via the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), thereby promoting the onset/progression of LSRD. We demonstrated that the intracellular accumulation of TAGE triggered numerous cellular disorders, and also that TAGE leaked into the extracellular space, thereby increasing extracellular TAGE levels in circulating fluids. Intracellular signaling and the production of reactive oxygen species are affected by extracellular TAGE and RAGE interactions, which, in turn, facilitate the intracellular generation of TAGE, all of which may contribute to the pathological changes observed in LSRD. In this review, we discuss the relationships between intracellular TAGE levels and numerous types of cell damage. The novel concept of the “TAGE theory” is expected to open new perspectives for research into LSRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (A.S.-S.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-76-218-8456
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (A.S.-S.); (T.T.)
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; (A.S.-S.); (T.T.)
| | - Jun-ichi Takino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan; (J.-i.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.F.)
| | - Chigusa Kikuchi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (C.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Ayako Furukawa
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.F.)
| | - Kentaro Nagamine
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan;
| | - Takamitsu Hori
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan; (J.-i.T.); (T.H.)
| | - Tamihide Matsunaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (C.K.); (T.M.)
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10
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García-Gómez E, Bobadilla-Bravo M, Díaz-Díaz E, Vázquez-Martínez ER, Nava-Salazar S, Torres-Ramos Y, García-Romero CS, Camacho-Arroyo I, Cerbón M. High Plasmatic Levels of Advanced Glycation End Products are Associated with Metabolic Alterations and Insulin Resistance in Preeclamptic Women. Curr Mol Med 2021; 20:751-759. [DOI: 10.2174/1566524020666200220141414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aims:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between
plasmatic levels of advanced end glycation products (AGEs) and the metabolic profile in
subjects diagnosed with preeclampsia, due to the known relation of these molecules with
oxidative stress and inflammation, which in turn are related with PE pathogenesis.
Background:
It has been reported that increased levels of AGEs are observed in patients
with preeclampsia as compared with healthy pregnant subjects, which was mainly
associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Besides, in women with preeclampsia,
there are metabolic changes such as hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia,
among others, that are associated with an exacerbated insulin resistance. Additionally,
some parameters indicate the alteration of hepatic function, such as increased levels of liver
enzymes. However, the relationship of levels of AGEs with altered lipidic, hepatic, and
glucose metabolism parameters in preeclampsia has not been evaluated.
Objective:
To investigate the association between plasmatic levels of AGEs and hepatic,
lipid, and metabolic profiles in women diagnosed with preeclampsia.
Methods:
Plasma levels of AGEs were determined by a competitive enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 15 patients diagnosed with preeclampsia and 28
normoevolutive pregnant subjects (control group). Hepatic (serum creatinine, gammaglutamyl
transpeptidase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, uric acid, and
lactate dehydrogenase), lipid (apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B, total cholesterol,
triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, and high-density lipoproteins), and metabolic
variables (glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance) were assessed.
Results:
Plasmatic levels of AGEs were significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia
as compared with the control. A positive correlation between circulating levels of AGEs and
gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels was found
in patients with preeclampsia. In conclusion, circulating levels of AGEs were higher in
patients with preeclampsia than those observed in healthy pregnant subjects. Besides,
variables of hepatic and metabolic profile, particularly those related to insulin resistance,
were higher in preeclampsia as compared with healthy pregnant subjects. Interestingly,
there is a positive correlation between AGEs levels and insulin resistance.
Conclusions:
Circulating levels of AGEs were higher in patients with preeclampsia than
those observed in healthy pregnant subjects. Besides, hepatic and metabolic profiles,
particularly those related to insulin resistance, were higher in preeclampsia as compared
with healthy pregnant subjects. Interestingly, there is a positive correlation between AGEs
levels and insulin resistance, suggesting that excessive glycation and an impaired
metabolic profile contribute to the physiopathology of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth García-Gómez
- Unidad de Investigacion en Reproduccion Humana, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)- Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico
| | - Mariana Bobadilla-Bravo
- Unidad de Investigacion en Reproduccion Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia-Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Eulises Díaz-Díaz
- Departamento de Biologia de la Reproduccion, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion “Salvador Zubiran”, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ricardo Vázquez-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigacion en Reproduccion Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia-Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sonia Nava-Salazar
- Departamento de Inmunobioquimica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico
| | - Yessica Torres-Ramos
- Departamento de Inmunobioquimica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico
| | - Carmen Selene García-Romero
- Departamento de Infectologia e Inmunologia, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes", Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigacion en Reproduccion Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia-Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigacion en Reproduccion Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia-Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
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11
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Takeuchi M. Toxic AGEs (TAGE) theory: a new concept for preventing the development of diseases related to lifestyle. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:105. [PMID: 33292465 PMCID: PMC7708159 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The habitual excessive intake of sugar (i.e., sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup), which has been implicated in the onset of diabetes mellitus, induces excessive production of glyceraldehyde, a metabolite produced during glucose and fructose metabolism, in hepatocytes, neuronal cells, and cardiomyocytes. MAIN TEXT Toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are formed from reactions between glyceraldehyde and intracellular proteins, and their accumulation contributes to various cellular disorders. TAGE leakage from cells affects the surrounding cells and increases serum TAGE levels, promoting the onset and/or development of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD). Therefore, serum TAGE levels have potential as a novel biomarker for predicting the onset and/or progression of LSRD, and minimizing the effects of TAGE might help to prevent the onset and/or progression of LSRD. Serum TAGE levels are closely related to LSRD associated with the excessive ingestion of sugar and/or dietary AGEs. CONCLUSIONS The TAGE theory is also expected to open new perspectives for research into numerous other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
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12
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Haque E, Kamil M, Hasan A, Irfan S, Sheikh S, Khatoon A, Nazir A, Mir SS. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), protein aggregation and their cross talk: new insight in tumorigenesis. Glycobiology 2020; 30:49-57. [PMID: 31508802 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation and protein aggregation are two distinct phenomena being observed in cancer cells as factors promoting cancer cell viability. Protein aggregation is an abnormal interaction between proteins caused as a result of structural changes in them after any mutation or environmental assault. Protein aggregation is usually associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, but of late, research findings have shown its association with the development of different cancers like lung, breast and ovarian cancer. On the contrary, protein glycation is a cascade of irreversible nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugar with the amino group of the protein resulting in the modification of protein structure and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These AGEs are reported to obstruct the normal function of proteins. Lately, it has been reported that protein aggregation occurs as a result of AGEs. This aggregation of protein promotes the transformation of healthy cells to neoplasia leading to tumorigenesis. In this review, we underline the current knowledge of protein aggregation and glycation along with the cross talk between the two, which may eventually lead to the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejazul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India.,Department of Immunology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanskaul. 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Mohd Kamil
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India.,Department of Immunology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanskaul. 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.,Department of Microbiology, Beykoz Life Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (BILSAB), Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adria Hasan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Safia Irfan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Saba Sheikh
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Aisha Khatoon
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Snober S Mir
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
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13
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Yamagishi SI, Koga Y, Sotokawauchi A, Hashizume N, Fukahori S, Matsui T, Yagi M. Therapeutic Potential of Pigment Epithelium-derived Factor in Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:313-324. [PMID: 30892156 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190319112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is one of the serine protease inhibitors with multifunctional properties, which is produced by various types of organs and tissues. There is an accumulating body of evidence that PEDF plays an important role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Indeed, PEDF not only works as an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis, but also suppresses oxidative stress, inflammatory and thrombotic reactions in cell culture systems, animal models, and humans. Furthermore, we, along with others, have found that PEDF inhibits proliferation of, and induces apoptotic cell death in, numerous kinds of tumors. In addition, circulating as well as tumor expression levels of PEDF have been inversely associated with tumor growth and metastasis. These observations suggest that supplementation of PEDF proteins and/or enhancement of endogenous PEDF expression could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. Therefore, in this paper, we review the effects of PEDF on diverse types of cancer, and discuss its therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Koga
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ami Sotokawauchi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashizume
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Suguru Fukahori
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Minoru Yagi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
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14
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Evidence for Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products Generated in the Normal Rat Liver. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071612. [PMID: 31315223 PMCID: PMC6683103 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose/fructose in beverages/foods containing high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) are metabolized to glyceraldehyde (GA) in the liver. We previously reported that GA-derived advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are generated and may induce the onset/progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We revealed that the generation of TAGE in the liver and serum TAGE levels were higher in NAFLD patients than in healthy humans. Although we propose the intracellular generation of TAGE in the normal liver, there is currently no evidence to support this, and the levels of TAGE produced have not yet been measured. In the present study, male Wister/ST rats that drank normal water or 10% HFCS 55 (HFCS beverage) were maintained for 13 weeks, and serum TAGE levels and intracellular TAGE levels in the liver were analyzed. Rats in the HFCS group drank 127.4 mL of the HFCS beverage each day. Serum TAGE levels and intracellular TAGE levels in the liver both increased in the HFCS group. A positive correlation was observed between intracellular TAGE levels in the liver and serum TAGE levels. On the other hand, in male Wister/ST rats that drank Lactobacillus beverage for 12 weeks-a commercial drink that contains glucose, fructose, and sucrose- no increases were observed in intracellular TAGE or serum TAGE levels. Intracellular TAGE were generated in the normal rat liver, and their production was promoted by HFCS, which may increase the risk of NAFLD.
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15
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The Relevance of Toxic AGEs (TAGE) Cytotoxicity to NASH Pathogenesis: A Mini-Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020462. [PMID: 30813302 PMCID: PMC6412438 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common feature of chronic liver disease. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of NAFLD, and one of its risk factors is hyperglycemia. The chronic ingestion of excessive amounts of high-fructose corn syrup is associated with an increased prevalence of fatty liver. Under hyperglycemic conditions, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are generated through a non-enzymatic glycation reaction between the ketone or aldehyde groups of sugars and amino groups of proteins. Glyceraldehyde (GA) is a metabolic intermediate of sugars, and GA-derived AGEs (known as toxic AGEs (TAGE)) have been implicated in the development of NASH. TAGE accumulates more in serum or liver tissue in NASH patients than in healthy controls or patients with simple steatosis. Furthermore, the TAGE precursor, GA, causes cell damage through protein dysfunctions by TAGE modifications and induces necrotic-type hepatocyte death. Intracellular TAGE may leak outside of necrotic-type cells. Extracellular TAGE then induce inflammatory or fibrotic responses related to the pathology of NASH in surrounding cells, including hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells. This review focuses on the contribution of TAGE to the pathology of NASH, particularly hepatic cell death related to NASH.
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16
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Asadipooya K, Lankarani KB, Raj R, Kalantarhormozi M. RAGE is a Potential Cause of Onset and Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:2151302. [PMID: 31641351 PMCID: PMC6766674 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2151302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fatty liver is a rising global health concern, significantly increasing the burden of health care cost. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a correlation with metabolic syndrome and its complications. METHOD We reviewed the literature regarding the mechanisms of developing NAFLD through AGE-RAGE signaling. RESULTS NAFLD, metabolic syndrome, and production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) share many common risk factors and appear to be connected. AGE induces production of the receptor for AGE (RAGE). AGE-RAGE interaction contributes to fat accumulation in the liver leading to inflammation, fibrosis, insulin resistance, and other complications of the fatty liver disease. The immune system, especially macrophages, has an important defense mechanism against RAGE pathway activities. CONCLUSION Soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) has the capability to reduce inflammation by blocking the interaction of AGE with RAGE. However, sRAGE has some limitations, and the best method of usage is probably autotransplantation of transfected stem cells or monocytes, as a precursor of macrophages and Kupffer cells, with a virus that carries sRAGE to alleviate the harmful effects of AGE-RAGE signaling in the settings of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Asadipooya
- Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kamran B. Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rishi Raj
- Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi
- Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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17
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Identification of Antiglycative Compounds in Japanese Red Water Pepper (Red Leaf Variant of the Persicaria hydropiper Sprout). Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092319. [PMID: 30208642 PMCID: PMC6225476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycation, the nonenzymatic reaction between proteins and excess blood sugar, is implicated in multiple disorders and occurs via the formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In our previous studies, we demonstrated that the red-leaf variant of the Persicaria hydropiper sprout (Japanese red water pepper, Benitade) is one of the potent plants that inhibit formation of AGEs. In this study, we aimed to identify antiglycative compounds in Benitade. Benitade extracts were prepared with hot water, then fractionated by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antiglycative efficacy of each fraction was evaluated by measuring the formation of fluorescent AGEs (Ex 370 nm/Em 440 nm). Two fractions, which contained peaks at 26.4 min and 31.8 min, showed potent antiglycative efficacy. When we hydrolyzed these peaks, they shifted to 32.5 and 41.4 min, which are the same retention times as cyanidin and quercetin, respectively. Based on thin-layer chromatography, both compounds contained galactose. Finally, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqTOF-MS) analyses were performed to determine the structure of those compounds. Overall, we identified two glycosides, cyanidin 3-O-galactoside (idaein) and quercetin 3-O-galactoside (hyperin), as representative antiglycative compounds in Benitade.
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18
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Hollenbach M. The Role of Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I), Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs), and Their Receptor (RAGE) in Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112466. [PMID: 29156655 PMCID: PMC5713432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) and glyoxalase-II (Glo-II) comprise the glyoxalase system and are responsible for the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MGO). MGO is formed non-enzymatically as a by-product, mainly in glycolysis, and leads to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). AGEs bind to their receptor, RAGE, and activate intracellular transcription factors, resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This review will focus on the implication of the Glo-I/AGE/RAGE system in liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AGEs and RAGE are upregulated in liver fibrosis, and the silencing of RAGE reduced collagen deposition and the tumor growth of HCC. Nevertheless, data relating to Glo-I in fibrosis and cirrhosis are preliminary. Glo-I expression was found to be reduced in early and advanced cirrhosis with a subsequent increase of MGO-levels. On the other hand, pharmacological modulation of Glo-I resulted in the reduced activation of hepatic stellate cells and therefore reduced fibrosis in the CCl₄-model of cirrhosis. Thus, current research highlighted the Glo-I/AGE/RAGE system as an interesting therapeutic target in chronic liver diseases. These findings need further elucidation in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Hollenbach
- Department of Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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19
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Impact of intracellular glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products on human hepatocyte cell death. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14282. [PMID: 29079763 PMCID: PMC5660208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte cell death is a key feature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the pathogenesis of NASH currently remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of intracellular glyceraldehyde (GA)-derived advanced glycation end-products (GA-AGEs) on human hepatocyte cell death. The accumulation of intracellular GA-AGEs has been associated with the induction of DNA damage and hepatocyte necrotic cell death. Among intracellular GA-AGEs, caspase-3 has been identified as a GA-AGE-modified protein with abrogated protein function. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-3 and induction of hepatocyte apoptosis by camptothecin, a DNA-damaging agent, was suppressed by a treatment with GA. These results suggest the inhibitory effects of GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 on the induction of DNA-damage-induced apoptosis, which is associated with hepatocyte necrosis. Therefore, the suppression of necrosis, the inflammatory form of cell death, by the accumulation of GA-AGEs and GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the pathogenesis of NASH.
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20
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Takeuchi M, Takino JI, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Tsutsumi M. Toxic AGE (TAGE) Theory for the Pathophysiology of the Onset/Progression of NAFLD and ALD. Nutrients 2017; 9:E634. [PMID: 28632197 PMCID: PMC5490613 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are among the most common causes of chronic liver diseases in the westernized world. NAFLD and ALD are frequently accompanied by extrahepatic complications, including hepatocellular carcinoma and cardiovascular diseases, which have a negative impact on patient survival. The chronic ingestion of an excessive daily diet containing sugar/high-fructose corn syrup increases the level of the fructose/glucose metabolite, glyceraldehyde (GA), while the chronic consumption of an excessive number of alcoholic beverages increases the level of the alcohol metabolite, acetaldehyde (AA) in the liver. GA and AA are known to react non-enzymatically with the ε- or α-amino groups of proteins, thereby generating advanced glycation end-products (AGEs, GA-AGEs, and AA-AGEs, respectively) in vivo. The interaction between GA-AGEs and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) alters intracellular signaling, gene expression, and the release of pro-inflammatory molecules and also elicits the production of reactive oxygen species by human hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, all of which may contribute to the pathological changes associated with chronic liver diseases. We herein discuss the pathophysiological roles of GA-AGEs and AA-AGEs (toxic AGEs, TAGE) and a related novel theory for preventing the onset/progression of NAFLD and ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Jun-Ichi Takino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1, Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan.
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Mikihiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
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21
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Xia J, Song P, Sun Z, Sawakami T, Jia M, Wang Z. Advances of diagnostic and mechanistic studies of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Discov Ther 2016; 10:181-7. [PMID: 27534452 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2016.01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the second major cause of cancerous deaths in the world, accounting for 80-90% of all cases of liver cancer with an assessed global incidence of 782,000 new cases and approximate 746,000 deaths in 2012. Preoperative laboratory data (des-γ carboxyprothrombin (DCP), α-fetoprotein (AFP), Indocyanine green retention 15 min (ICG-R15), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT)) should be completely assessed before deciding a treatment and predicting prognosis in order to improve the prognosis for patients with HCC. A few recent studies have suggested GGT as an independent prognostic indicator in cases with HCC. And the data of our and other research teams revealed that combination of GGT and ICG-R15 or other factors may improve the efficiency of GGT as a prognostic predictor. In addition of clinical studies, a few mechanistic studies had been performed and GGT was suggested to promote tumor progression and poor prognosis through inducing DNA damage and genome instability, releasing reactive oxygen species to activating invasion-related signaling pathway, blocking chemotherapy, regulating microRNAs, and managing CpG island methylation. Although there were a few mechanistic studies, further and accurate researches were still in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Xia
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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Takeuchi M. Serum Levels of Toxic AGEs (TAGE) May Be a Promising Novel Biomarker for the Onset/Progression of Lifestyle-Related Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2016; 6:E23. [PMID: 27338481 PMCID: PMC4931418 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics6020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) generated with aging or in the presence of diabetes mellitus, particularly AGEs derived from the glucose/fructose metabolism intermediate glyceraldehyde (Glycer-AGEs; termed toxic AGEs (TAGE)), were recently shown to be closely involved in the onset/progression of diabetic vascular complications via the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). TAGE also contribute to various diseases, such as cardiovascular disease; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; cancer; Alzheimer's disease, and; infertility. This suggests the necessity of minimizing the influence of the TAGE-RAGE axis in order to prevent the onset/progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD) and establish therapeutic strategies. Changes in serum TAGE levels are closely associated with LSRD related to overeating, a lack of exercise, or excessive ingestion of sugars/dietary AGEs. We also showed that serum TAGE levels, but not those of hemoglobin A1c, glucose-derived AGEs, or Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, have potential as a biomarker for predicting the progression of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. We herein introduce the usefulness of serum TAGE levels as a biomarker for the prevention/early diagnosis of LSRD and the evaluation of the efficacy of treatments; we discuss whether dietary AGE/sugar intake restrictions reduce the generation/accumulation of TAGE, thereby preventing the onset/progression of LSRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
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Takino JI, Nagamine K, Hori T, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takeuchi M. Contribution of the toxic advanced glycation end-products-receptor axis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:2459-2469. [PMID: 26483867 PMCID: PMC4606201 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i23.2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The main etiologies of HCC are hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV), and non-hepatitis B/non-hepatitis C HCC (NBNC-HCC) has also been identified as an etiological factor. Although the incidence of HCV-related HCC in Japan has decreased slightly in recent years, that of NBNC-HCC has increased. The onset mechanism of NBNC-HCC, which has various etiologies, remains unclear; however, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is known to be an important risk factor for NBNC-HCC. Among the different advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formed by the Maillard reaction, glyceraldehyde-derived AGEs, the predominant components of toxic AGEs (TAGE), have been associated with NASH and NBNC-HCC, including NASH-related HCC. Furthermore, the expression of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) has been correlated with the malignant progression of HCC. Therefore, TAGE induce oxidative stress by binding with RAGE may, in turn, lead to adverse effects, such as fibrosis and malignant transformation, in hepatic stellate cells and tumor cells during NASH or NASH-related HCC progression. The aim of this review was to examine the contribution of the TAGE-RAGE axis in NASH-related HCC.
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Prevention of protein glycation by natural compounds. Molecules 2015; 20:3309-34. [PMID: 25690291 PMCID: PMC6272653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20023309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic protein glycosylation (glycation) contributes to many diseases and aging of organisms. It can be expected that inhibition of glycation may prolong the lifespan. The search for inhibitors of glycation, mainly using in vitro models, has identified natural compounds able to prevent glycation, especially polyphenols and other natural antioxidants. Extrapolation of results of in vitro studies on the in vivo situation is not straightforward due to differences in the conditions and mechanism of glycation, and bioavailability problems. Nevertheless, available data allow to postulate that enrichment of diet in natural anti-glycating agents may attenuate glycation and, in consequence, ageing.
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Takeuchi M, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Ueda T, Takino J, Tsutsumi M, Hyogo H, Yamagishi S. Serum levels of toxic AGEs (TAGE) may be a promising novel biomarker in development and progression of NASH. Med Hypotheses 2015; 84:490-3. [PMID: 25697114 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), leads to fibrosis and potentially cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and is one of the most common causes of liver disease worldwide. NAFLD has also been implicated in other medical conditions such as insulin resistance, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hyperlipemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Continuous hyperglycemia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic micro- and macro-vascular complications via various metabolic pathways, and numerous hyperglycemia-induced metabolic and hemodynamic conditions exist, including the increased generation of various types of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). We recently demonstrated that glyceraldehyde-derived AGEs (Glycer-AGEs), the predominant components of toxic AGEs (TAGE), played an important role in the pathogenesis of angiopathy in diabetic patients. Moreover, a growing body of evidence suggests that the interaction between TAGE and the receptor for AGEs may alter intracellular signaling, gene expression, and the release of pro-inflammatory molecules and also elicits the generation of oxidative stress in numerous types of cells including hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells. Serum levels of TAGE were significantly higher in NASH patients than in those with simple steatosis and healthy controls. Moreover, serum levels of TAGE inversely correlated with adiponectin (adiponectin is produced by adipose tissue and is an anti-inflammatory adipokine that can increase insulin sensitivity). Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of TAGE showed intense staining in the livers of patients with NASH. Serum levels of TAGE may be a useful biomarker for discriminating NASH from simple steatosis. The administration of atorvastatin (10 mg daily) for 12 months significantly improved NASH-related metabolic parameters and significantly decreased serum levels of TAGE. The steatosis grade and NAFLD activity score were also significantly improved. These results demonstrated that atorvastatin decreased the serum levels of TAGE in NASH patients with dyslipidemia and suggest the usefulness of TAGE as a biomarker for the attenuation of NASH. Serum levels of TAGE were significantly higher in non-B or non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-HCC) patients than in NASH subjects without HCC or control subjects. TAGE may be involved in the pathogenesis of NBNC-HCC, and could, therefore, be a biomarker that could discriminate NBNC-HCC from NASH. We propose that serum levels of TAGE are promising novel targets for the diagnosis of and therapeutic interventions against NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - A Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - T Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - T Ueda
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - J Takino
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - M Tsutsumi
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - H Hyogo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yamagishi SI, Matsui T, Fukami K. Role of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) and Its Ligands in Cancer Risk. Rejuvenation Res 2015; 18:48-56. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2014.1625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sho-ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kei Fukami
- Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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27
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Takeuchi M, Takino JI, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Ueda T, Tsutsumi M, Hyogo H, Yamagishi SI. Involvement of the TAGE-RAGE system in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Novel treatment strategies. World J Hepatol 2014. [PMID: 25544875 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.6.i12.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver disease around the world. It includes a spectrum of conditions from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver failure, and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is also associated with other medical conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome, hypertension, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia contributes to the development of both macro- and microvascular conditions through a variety of metabolic pathways. Thus, it can cause a variety of metabolic and hemodynamic conditions, including upregulated advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) synthesis. In our previous study, the most abundant type of toxic AGEs (TAGE); i.e., glyceraldehyde-derived AGEs, were found to make a significant contribution to the pathogenesis of DM-induced angiopathy. Furthermore, accumulating evidence suggests that the binding of TAGE with their receptor (RAGE) induces oxidative damage, promotes inflammation, and causes changes in intracellular signaling and the expression levels of certain genes in various cell populations including hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells. All of these effects could facilitate the pathogenesis of hypertension, cancer, diabetic vascular complications, CVD, dementia, and NASH. Thus, inhibiting TAGE synthesis, preventing TAGE from binding to RAGE, and downregulating RAGE expression and/or the expression of associated effector molecules all have potential as therapeutic strategies against NASH. Here, we examine the contributions of RAGE and TAGE to various conditions and novel treatments that target them in order to prevent the development and/or progression of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Takino
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ueda
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Tsutsumi
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Masayoshi Takeuchi, Akiko Sakasai-Sakai, Takanobu Takata, Tadashi Ueda, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
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