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An H, Chen S, Zhang X, Ke S, Ke J, Lu Y. PHF19 before and post induction treatment possess favorable potency of reflecting treatment response to protease inhibitors, event-free survival, and overall survival in multiple myeloma patients. Hematology 2024; 29:2331389. [PMID: 38511642 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2024.2331389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plant homeodomain finger protein 19 (PHF19) regulates hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and promotes multiple myeloma (MM) progression. This study intended to explore the potency of PHF19 at baseline and post induction treatment in estimating treatment response to protease inhibitors and survival in MM patients. METHODS This retrospective study screened 69 MM patients who received protease inhibitors with bone marrow (BM) samples available at both baseline and post induction treatment. Twenty healthy BM donors were included as healthy controls (HCs). PHF19 in plasma cells from BM was quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS PHF19 at baseline and post induction treatment in MM patients were increased than in HCs. In MM patients, PHF19 was declined post induction treatment. Elevated PHF19 at baseline and post induction treatment were correlated with renal impairment, beta-2-microglobulin ≥5.5 mg/L, t (4; 14), higher international staging system (ISS) stage, and higher revised ISS (R-ISS) stage. Concerning treatment response, PHF19 at baseline and post induction treatment were negatively associated with complete response and overall response rate. Notably, abnormal PHF19 (above 95% quantile value of PHF19 in HCs) at baseline and post induction treatment were linked with shortened event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). After adjustment, abnormal PHF19 post induction treatment was independently related to shortened EFS (hazard ratio = 2.474) and OS (hazard ratio = 3.124). CONCLUSION PHF19 is aberrantly high and declines post induction therapy, which simultaneously reflects unfavorable treatment response to protease inhibitors as well as shorter EFS and OS in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu An
- Department of Hematology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Chen
- Department of Hematology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shandong Ke
- Department of Hematology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyong Ke
- Department of Hematology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalan Lu
- Department of Hematology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435000, People's Republic of China
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Tang G, Huang S, Luo J, Wu Y, Zheng S, Tong R, Zhong L, Shi J. Advances in research on potential inhibitors of multiple myeloma. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115875. [PMID: 37879169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy. Although recent clinical applications of immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors and CD38-targeting antibodies have significantly improved the outcome of MM patient with increased survival, the incidence of drug resistance and severe treatment-related complications is gradually on the rise. This review article summarizes the characteristics and clinical investigations of several MM drugs in clinical trials, including their structures, mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationships, and clinical study progress. Furthermore, the application potentials of the drugs that have not yet entered clinical trials are also reviewed. The review also outlines the future directions of MM drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Yingmiao Wu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
| | - Ling Zhong
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610044, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
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Fischer S, Liefke R. Polycomb-like Proteins in Gene Regulation and Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040938. [PMID: 37107696 PMCID: PMC10137883 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycomb-like proteins (PCLs) are a crucial group of proteins associated with the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and are responsible for setting up the PRC2.1 subcomplex. In the vertebrate system, three homologous PCLs exist: PHF1 (PCL1), MTF2 (PCL2), and PHF19 (PCL3). Although the PCLs share a similar domain composition, they differ significantly in their primary sequence. PCLs play a critical role in targeting PRC2.1 to its genomic targets and regulating the functionality of PRC2. However, they also have PRC2-independent functions. In addition to their physiological roles, their dysregulation has been associated with various human cancers. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the PCLs and how alterations in their functionality contribute to cancer development. We particularly highlight the nonoverlapping and partially opposing roles of the three PCLs in human cancer. Our review provides important insights into the biological significance of the PCLs and their potential as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Fischer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Liefke
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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Ghamlouch H, Boyle EM, Blaney P, Wang Y, Choi J, Williams L, Bauer M, Auclair D, Bruno B, Walker BA, Davies FE, Morgan GJ. Insights into high-risk multiple myeloma from an analysis of the role of PHF19 in cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:380. [PMID: 34857028 PMCID: PMC8638425 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in outcome, 15-25% of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients have treatment resistant high-risk (HR) disease with a poor survival. The lack of a genetic basis for HR has focused attention on the role played by epigenetic changes. Aberrant expression and somatic mutations affecting genes involved in the regulation of tri-methylation of the lysine (K) 27 on histone 3 H3 (H3K27me3) are common in cancer. H3K27me3 is catalyzed by EZH2, the catalytic subunit of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). The deregulation of H3K27me3 has been shown to be involved in oncogenic transformation and tumor progression in a variety of hematological malignancies including MM. Recently we have shown that aberrant overexpression of the PRC2 subunit PHD Finger Protein 19 (PHF19) is the most significant overall contributor to HR status further focusing attention on the role played by epigenetic change in MM. By modulating both the PRC2/EZH2 catalytic activity and recruitment, PHF19 regulates the expression of key genes involved in cell growth and differentiation. Here we review the expression, regulation and function of PHF19 both in normal and the pathological contexts of solid cancers and MM. We present evidence that strongly implicates PHF19 in the regulation of genes important in cell cycle and the genetic stability of MM cells making it highly relevant to HR MM behavior. A detailed understanding of the normal and pathological functions of PHF19 will allow us to design therapeutic strategies able to target aggressive subsets of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Ghamlouch
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Eileen M Boyle
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Patrick Blaney
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories (ABL), NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yubao Wang
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jinyoung Choi
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Louis Williams
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Daniel Auclair
- The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF), Norwalk, CT, USA
| | - Benedetto Bruno
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Brian A Walker
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Faith E Davies
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Gareth J Morgan
- Myeloma Research Program, NYU Langone Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, 522 1st Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, NY, 10016, USA.
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