1
|
Hu H, Chen C, Xu B, Wang D. Moderating and mediating effects of resilience between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences among college students. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:273. [PMID: 38609907 PMCID: PMC11010362 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive literature revealed that childhood trauma serves as a significant risk factor for developing psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) among the general population. Resilience has been regarded as a protective factor against PLEs. However, it remains unclear what role resilience plays in the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs. METHODS A total of 4302 college students completed the web-based survey in January 2021. Participants completed self-report measures of sample characteristics variables, childhood trauma, and PLEs. Moderation and mediation analyses were adopted to examine the associations linking childhood trauma, resilience, and PLEs. RESULTS PLEs were positively associated with childhood trauma while negatively associated with resilience. Resilience played a partially mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs. Additionally, resilience moderated the association of childhood trauma with PLEs. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that resilience plays a crucial role in mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs, suggesting the potential clinical implication of enhancing resilience for the prevention and intervention of PLEs among college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heqiong Hu
- School of New Media Technology, Hunan Mass Media Vocational and Technical College, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Education Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Chunping Chen
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingna Xu
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Liu Z, Long Y, Tao H, Ouyang X, Wu G, Chen M, Yu M, Zhou L, Sun M, Lv D, Cui G, Yi Q, Tang H, An C, Wang J, Wu Z. Mediating role of impaired wisdom in the relation between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences in Chinese college students: a nationwide cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:655. [PMID: 36271351 PMCID: PMC9587544 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between childhood trauma (CT) and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) is well-established. Many previous studies have recognized wisdom as a protective factor for mental health, but its role in the relation between CT and PLEs remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the mediating effect of wisdom in the above association among Chinese college students. METHODS We conducted a nationwide survey covering 9 colleges across China and recruited a total of 5873 students using online questionnaires between September 14 and October 18, 2021. Convenience sampling was adopted. We employed the San Diego Wisdom Scale (SD-WISE), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), and the 15-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-15) to measure the wisdom, CT and PLEs, respectively. Descriptive, correlation, and mediation analysis were utilized. RESULTS The positive correlation between CT and PLEs was well-replicated among college students (Pearson's r = 0.30, p < 0.001). Wisdom was negatively associated with CT (Pearson's r = - 0.46, p < 0.001) and frequency of PLEs (Pearson's r = - 0.25, p < 0.001). Total wisdom scores partially mediated the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma, neglect, abuse and PLEs, separately. The mediated model respectively explained 21.9%, 42.54% and 18.27% of the effect of CT on PLEs. Our model further suggested that childhood trauma could be related to PLEs through decreasing the following wisdom components: decisiveness, emotional regulation and prosocial behavior. CONCLUSION For the first time, our results suggested that impaired wisdom played a role in the translation from childhood adversity to subclinical psychotic symptoms, implicating wisdom as a possible target for early intervention for psychosis among young individuals. Longitudinal work is warranted to verify the clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Zhang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Zhening Liu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Yicheng Long
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Haojuan Tao
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Xuan Ouyang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Guowei Wu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Min Chen
- grid.449428.70000 0004 1797 7280Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong China
| | - Miaoyu Yu
- grid.412594.f0000 0004 1757 2961Department of Mental Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Social Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Meng Sun
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Social Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Dongsheng Lv
- grid.410612.00000 0004 0604 6392Department of Mental Health Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, The Affiliated Mental Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
| | - Guangcheng Cui
- grid.412613.30000 0004 1808 3289Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang China
| | - Qizhong Yi
- grid.13394.3c0000 0004 1799 3993Psychological Medicine Center, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang China
| | - Hong Tang
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Psychiatry, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi China
| | - Cuixia An
- grid.256883.20000 0004 1760 8442Department of Psychiatry, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Toutountzidis D, Gale TM, Irvine K, Sharma S, Laws KR. Childhood trauma and schizotypy in non-clinical samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270494. [PMID: 35767584 PMCID: PMC9242513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of early life adversities and psychosis symptoms is well documented in clinical populations; however, whether this relationship also extends into subclinical psychosis remains unclear. In particular, are early life adversities associated with increased levels of schizotypal personality traits in non-clinical samples? We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of associations between early life adversities and psychometrically defined schizotypal traits in non-clinical samples. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. The search using PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO databases identified 1,609 articles in total. Twenty-five studies (N = 15,253 participants) met eligibility criteria for the review. An assessment of study quality showed that fewer than half of all studies were rated as methodologically robust. Meta-analyses showed that all forms of childhood abuse (emotional, physical and sexual) and neglect (emotional and physical) were significantly associated with psychometric schizotypy. The association of schizotypy traits with childhood emotional abuse (r = .33: 95%CI .30 to .37) was significantly larger than for all other form of abuse or neglect. Meta-regression analyses showed that the physical abuse-schizotypy relationship was stronger in samples with more women participants; and the sexual abuse-schizotypy relationship was stronger in younger samples. The current review identifies a dose-response relationship between all forms of abuse/neglect and schizotypy scores in non-clinical samples; however, a stronger association emerged for emotional abuse. More research is required to address the relationship of trauma types and specific symptom types. Future research should also address the under-representation of men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diamantis Toutountzidis
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Tim M. Gale
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
- Research and Development Department, Hertfordshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Irvine
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Shivani Sharma
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Keith R. Laws
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Luo C, Wu X, Wang W, Zhang MX, Cheng F, Chen H, Tung TH. Patients' Responses to COVID-19 Pandemic: The Relationship Between Potential Pandemic-Induced Disruptions, Ontological Security, and Adaptive Responses in Taizhou, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:865046. [PMID: 35664116 PMCID: PMC9160831 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.865046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has changed the social environment of most individuals around the world and has profoundly impacted people's lives, ontological security, and behavior. Among them, the patients are one of the groups most influenced by the pandemic.ObjectiveThe present research aimed to study the relationship of COVID-19 pandemic-induced disruption to patients' daily lives, ontological security, and patients' responses to prevent the spread of COVID-19, and explore the role of ontological security.MethodsThis article was based on an online structured questionnaire study conducted among hospitalized patients in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China, from 8 July to 11 August 2021. We analyzed the data using the multivariate regression model and mediation analysis method.ResultsThe results showed that the higher the pandemic-induced disruption to inpatients' lives, the better behavior would be taken by hospitalized patients to prevent the spread of COVID-19, and the perceived scarcity of ontological security played a mediating role in this process. Higher pandemic-induced disruption to patients' lives increased the ontological insecurity which further, in turn, reduced patients' good practice toward measures to prevent the novel coronavirus.ConclusionThese findings provided direct evidence for the relationship between pandemic-induced disruption, scarcity of ontological security, and patients' prevention behavior. It suggested that there was a need to emphasize patients' ontological security. Overall, these findings suggested that it is important to emphasize the mental health among patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and implement strategies to offer psychological support when needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Luo
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Department of Nursing, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Mei-Xian Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Fengmin Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Haixiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Haixiao Chen
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Tao-Hsin Tung
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heggdal D, Borgejordet S, Fosse R. "Existential Catastrophe Anxiety": Phenomenology of Fearful Emotions in a Subset of Service Users With Severe Mental Health Conditions. Front Psychol 2022; 13:766149. [PMID: 35360621 PMCID: PMC8960201 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.766149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of people with severe mental health conditions feels they are on the verge of losing control, even in the absence of external threats or triggers. Some go to extreme ends to avoid affective arousal and associated expectations of a possible, impending catastrophe. We have learned about such phenomenological, emotional challenges in a group of individuals with severe, composite mental health problems and psychosocial disabilities. These individuals have had long treatment histories in the mental health care system. They have been encountered at a specialized inpatient ward offering exposure-based therapy that aims at restoring self-regulation and recovery. We describe the phenomenology of anxiety and fear presented by these service users, a fear we have coined existential catastrophe anxiety (ECa). We also suggest a set of underlying, interacting, psychological mechanisms that may give rise to ECa, before comparing ECa with three other constructs previously described in the literature—annihilation anxiety, ontological insecurity, and affect phobia. These comparisons show several similarities, but also unique qualities with ECa and its suggested underlying mechanisms. The conceptualization of ECa may aid clinicians in addressing extreme experiential turmoil and engage service users in empowering therapeutic projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didrik Heggdal
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Synne Borgejordet
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Roar Fosse
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Partridge O, Maguire T, Newman-Taylor K. How does attachment style affect psychosis? A systematic review of causal mechanisms and guide to future inquiry. Psychol Psychother 2022; 95:345-380. [PMID: 34687273 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The link between attachment and psychosis is now well established, but less is known about the causal mechanisms underlying this relationship. This systematic review synthesises the studies that examine mediating mechanisms in the attachment and psychosis relationship, in both clinical and non-clinical samples. METHOD We conducted a database search (PsychINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science) to identify all eligible studies irrespective of publication status, the language of article or article date. We assessed methodological quality and completed a narrative synthesis given the heterogeneity of studies to date. RESULTS We identified 17 papers, comprising 3,672 participants. The relationship between attachment and psychosis is mediated by four variables or groups of variables. There is good evidence for the causal role of affective factors (affective dysregulation and affective disturbances) and cognitive factors (e.g., self-beliefs and self-esteem and beliefs about symptoms). Affective factors differed by attachment style. Tentative evidence was found for the role of duration of untreated psychosis and baseline negative symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive and affective factors mediate the relationship between attachment style and psychosis. Whilst cognitive factors are routinely targeted in recommended psychological interventions for psychosis, affective factors and attachment style are less commonly considered. Psychological therapies may be improved by calibrating cognitive and affective interventions by attachment style, which should be subjected to experimental and then field studies to assess the impact on clinical and recovery outcomes. PRACTITIONER POINTS The relationship between attachment and psychosis is now well established, and studies have started to examine mediating mechanisms. Affective and cognitive factors mediate the attachment-psychosis relationship. Affective factors differ by attachment style. There is limited evidence for the duration of untreated psychosis and negative psychotic symptoms as mediating mechanisms, and research replication is needed. Cognitive factors are routinely targeted in recommended psychological therapies for psychosis, but affective factors and attachment style are less commonly considered. Research should be conducted into the effectiveness of psychological therapies which calibrate cognitive and affective interventions, according to attachment style.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tess Maguire
- Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|