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Chukwuemeka NA, Mike Ifeagwazi C, Chidebe RCW, Ozor OT, Aliche CJ, Mgbeanuli CC, Erojikwe I, Chukwuorji JC. Fifty Years After Nigerian Civil War: Social Support Is Associated with PTSD Symptoms Through Increased Self-Efficacy Among Biafran Veterans. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2024:8862605241262239. [PMID: 39066564 DOI: 10.1177/08862605241262239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The Nigerian Civil War (or Nigerian-Biafran War, 1967-1970) was fought between the Nigerian federal government and the defunct Republic of Biafra. Biafra recruited young men and boys (child soldiers) to fight the war, but little attention has been given to understanding the mental health outcomes of the War on Biafran veterans. Although there are few studies on social support in relation to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in this older veteran population, the mechanism through which social support influences PTSD has not received much attention. Hence, we investigated whether self-efficacy explains the association between social support and PTSD symptoms in a sample of Biafran War veterans. They were recruited from the Veterans' association in south-east Nigeria (N = 250; Mage = 71.33 years, SD = 7.11), and completed self-report measures of social support, self-efficacy, and PTSD symptoms. Results showed that veterans with greater social support (β = -.49, p < .001) and high self-efficacy reported less PTSD symptoms (β = -.55, p < .001). Above all, social support predicted decreased PTSD symptoms risk through increased self-efficacy, 95% CI [-0.53, -0.29]. By implication, social support may be associated with lower PTSD symptoms because it enhances efficacy beliefs, and thereby leads to less PTSD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Runcie C W Chidebe
- Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
- Project PINK BLUE-Health & Psychological Trust Centre, Abuja, Nigeria
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Pei F, Li Z, Maguire-Jack K, Li X, Kleinberg J. Changes of perceived Neighbourhood environment: A longitudinal study of collective efficacy among vulnerable families. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e6228-e6239. [PMID: 36178307 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Neighbourhood level factors are associated with individual's behaviours but limited empirical research investigate the long-term changes of neighbourhood factors, especially neighbourhood collective efficacy. Moreover, the longitudinal effects of neighbourhood structural factors on neighbourhood process factors worth further research. Thus, the current study examined the (1) the long-term trajectory of collective efficacy; (2) whether the time-varying neighbourhood structural factors are associated with collective efficacy over time. Using the four waves of FFCWS data (N = 4898), the current research found that neighbourhood social cohesion and informal social control increased over time, and the changes of neighbourhood structural factors are associated with the changes of collective efficacy over time. Identifying the dynamic changes of neighbourhood factors would benefit the further investigations of the influences of neighbourhood factors on individuals, and the implications of the findings were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pei
- School of Social Work, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Zhaojun Li
- Independent Researcher, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Xiaomei Li
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Janie Kleinberg
- School of Social Work, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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Clair K, Ijadi-Maghsoodi R, Nazinyan M, Gabrielian S, Kalofonos I. Veteran Perspectives on Adaptations to a VA Residential Rehabilitation Program for Substance Use Disorders During the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic. Community Ment Health J 2021; 57:801-807. [PMID: 33675451 PMCID: PMC7970813 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00810-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Individuals attending residential rehabilitation programs for substance misuse are particularly vulnerable to treatment disruptions spurred by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We describe adaptations to services within a large residential rehabilitation program for under-resourced veterans, report veterans' experiences with these changes, and outline successes and challenges encountered throughout adjustment to the pandemic. Data collected from two focus groups with nine veterans engaged in this program during the pandemic highlight experiences of inconsistent communication about residential policies, interruptions to medical and addiction services, and feelings of confinement and social isolation. Overall, these findings suggest the need for health systems to support clients in taking an active role in communications, provide additional technical and social support in transitioning to virtual health services, and offer alternative means for clients to maintain social connection during a pandemic. Understanding clients' perspectives can inform strategies to promote continuity of care and enhanced care experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Clair
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 210A, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA.
| | - Roya Ijadi-Maghsoodi
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 210A, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Center of Excellence for Veteran Resilience and Recovery, UCLA, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA.,UCLA Division of Population Behavioral Health, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariam Nazinyan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Center of Excellence for Veteran Resilience and Recovery, UCLA, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
| | - Sonya Gabrielian
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 210A, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Center of Excellence for Veteran Resilience and Recovery, UCLA, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
| | - Ippolytos Kalofonos
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg 210A, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Center of Excellence for Veteran Resilience and Recovery, UCLA, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA.,UCLA Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,UCLA International Institute, 1248 Bunche Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Huang Q, Wu F, Zhang W, Stinson J, Yang Y, Yuan C. Risk factors for low self-care self-efficacy in cancer survivors: Application of latent profile analysis. Nurs Open 2021; 9:1805-1814. [PMID: 34003608 PMCID: PMC8994965 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To identify subgroups of cancer patients with distinct self‐care self‐efficacy profiles and to explore factors that can be used to predict those at risk of low self‐efficacy. Design A secondary analysis of data pooled from two cross‐sectional surveys was performed. Methods In total, 1,367 Chinese cancer survivors were included in the analysis. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to categorize participants into latent subgroups with distinct self‐efficacy profiles. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to identify predictors of self‐care self‐efficacy subgroup classification. Results We identified three distinct subgroups: low, medium and high self‐care self‐efficacy. Patients with the “low” profile, which was characterized by a low education level, single marital status, complications, late cancer stage and a lower level of social support, had the poorest self‐care behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Huang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fulei Wu
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Stinson
- Hospital for Sick Children, Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Nursing, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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