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Chen C, Fan P, Zhang L, Xue K, Hu J, Huang J, Lu W, Xu J, Xu S, Qiu G, Ran J, Gan S. Bumetanide Rescues Aquaporin-4 Depolarization via Suppressing β-Dystroglycan Cleavage and Provides Neuroprotection in Rat Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neuroscience 2023; 510:95-108. [PMID: 36493910 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) regulates retinal water homeostasis and participates in retinal oedema pathophysiology. β-dystroglycan (β-DG) is responsible for AQP4 polarization and can be cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). Retinal oedema induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is an early complication. Bumetanide (BU) has potential efficacy against cytotoxic oedema. Our study investigated the effects of β-DG cleavage on AQP4 and the roles of BU in a rat retinal I/R injury model. The model was induced by applying 110 mm Hg intraocular pressure to the anterior eye chamber. BU and U0126 (a selective ERK inhibitor) were intraperitoneally administered 15 and 30 min, respectively, before I/R induction. Rhodamine isothiocyanate extravasation detection, quantitative real-time PCR, transmission electron microscopy, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunofluorescence staining, western blotting, and TUNEL staining were performed. AQP4 lost its polarization in the retinal perivascular domain as a result of β-DG cleavage. BU rescued AQP4 depolarization, suppressed AQP4 protein expression, attenuated retinal cytotoxic oedema, and downregulated β-DG and AQP4 mRNA expression. BU suppressed glial responses and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic protein expression, including that of Caspase-3 and Cyto C, raised the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and lowered the number of apoptotic cells in the retina. Both BU and U0126 downregulated p-ERK and MMP9 expression. Thus, BU treatment suppressed β-DG cleavage, recovered AQP4 polarization partially via inhibiting ERK/MMP9 signaling pathway, and possess potential neuroprotective efficacy in the rat retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Kaige Xue
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiaheng Hu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Weitian Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shiye Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Guoping Qiu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jianhua Ran
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shengwei Gan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medicine College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Loss of Slc12a2 specifically in pancreatic β-cells drives metabolic syndrome in mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279560. [PMID: 36580474 PMCID: PMC9799326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome, a cluster of clinical conditions characterized by obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Diuretics are frequently used to treat hypertension in these patients, however, their use has long been associated with poor metabolic outcomes which cannot be fully explained by their diuretic effects. Here, we show that mice lacking the diuretic-sensitive Na+K+2Cl-cotransporter-1 Nkcc1 (Slc12a2) in insulin-secreting β-cells of the pancreatic islet (Nkcc1βKO) have reduced in vitro insulin responses to glucose. This is associated with islet hypoplasia at the expense of fewer and smaller β-cells. Remarkably, Nkcc1βKO mice excessively gain weight and progressive metabolic syndrome when fed a standard chow diet ad libitum. This is characterized by impaired hepatic insulin receptor activation and altered lipid metabolism. Indeed, overweight Nkcc1βKO but not lean mice had fasting and fed hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Notably, fasting hyperinsulinemia was detected earlier than hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and increased hepatic de novo gluconeogenesis. Therefore, our data provide evidence supporting the novel hypothesis that primary β-cell defects related to Nkcc1-regulated intracellular Cl-homeostasis and β-cell growth can result in the development of metabolic syndrome shedding light into additional potential mechanisms whereby chronic diuretic use may have adverse effects on metabolic homeostasis in susceptible individuals.
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Smith TC, Vasilakos G, Shaffer SA, Puglise JM, Chou CH, Barton ER, Luna EJ. Novel γ-sarcoglycan interactors in murine muscle membranes. Skelet Muscle 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 35065666 PMCID: PMC8783446 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sarcoglycan complex (SC) is part of a network that links the striated muscle cytoskeleton to the basal lamina across the sarcolemma. The SC coordinates changes in phosphorylation and Ca++-flux during mechanical deformation, and these processes are disrupted with loss-of-function mutations in gamma-sarcoglycan (Sgcg) that cause Limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2C/R5. METHODS To gain insight into how the SC mediates mechano-signaling in muscle, we utilized LC-MS/MS proteomics of SC-associated proteins in immunoprecipitates from enriched sarcolemmal fractions. Criteria for inclusion were co-immunoprecipitation with anti-Sgcg from C57BL/6 control muscle and under-representation in parallel experiments with Sgcg-null muscle and with non-specific IgG. Validation of interaction was performed in co-expression experiments in human RH30 rhabdomyosarcoma cells. RESULTS We identified 19 candidates as direct or indirect interactors for Sgcg, including the other 3 SC proteins. Novel potential interactors included protein-phosphatase-1-catalytic-subunit-beta (Ppp1cb, PP1b) and Na+-K+-Cl--co-transporter NKCC1 (SLC12A2). NKCC1 co-localized with Sgcg after co-expression in human RH30 rhabdomyosarcoma cells, and its cytosolic domains depleted Sgcg from cell lysates upon immunoprecipitation and co-localized with Sgcg after detergent permeabilization. NKCC1 localized in proximity to the dystrophin complex at costameres in vivo. Bumetanide inhibition of NKCC1 cotransporter activity in isolated muscles reduced SC-dependent, strain-induced increases in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). In silico analysis suggests that candidate SC interactors may cross-talk with survival signaling pathways, including p53, estrogen receptor, and TRIM25. CONCLUSIONS Results support that NKCC1 is a new SC-associated signaling protein. Moreover, the identities of other candidate SC interactors suggest ways by which the SC and NKCC1, along with other Sgcg interactors such as the membrane-cytoskeleton linker archvillin, may regulate kinase- and Ca++-mediated survival signaling in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara C Smith
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cell Biology & Imaging, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Georgios Vasilakos
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA
| | - Jason M Puglise
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chou
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Elisabeth R Barton
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health & Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Elizabeth J Luna
- Department of Radiology, Division of Cell Biology & Imaging, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Okada M. Can rodent models elucidate the pathomechanisms of genetic epilepsy? Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1620-1639. [PMID: 33689168 PMCID: PMC9291625 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (ADSHE; previously autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, ADNFLE), originally reported in 1994, was the first distinct genetic epilepsy shown to be caused by CHNRA4 mutation. In the past two decades, we have identified several functional abnormalities of mutant ion channels and their associated transmissions using several experiments involving single-cell and genetic animal (rodent) models. Currently, epileptologists understand that functional abnormalities underlying epileptogenesis/ictogenesis in humans and rodents are more complicated than previously believed and that the function of mutant molecules alone cannot contribute to the development of epileptogenesis/ictogenesis but play important roles in the development of epileptogenesis/ictogenesis through formation of abnormalities in various other transmission systems before epilepsy onset. Based on our recent findings using genetic rat ADSHE models, harbouring Chrna4 mutant, corresponding to human S284L-mutant CRHNA4, this review proposes a hypothesis associated with tripartite synaptic transmission in ADSHE pathomechanisms induced by mutant ACh receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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Age-Dependent and Sleep/Seizure-Induced Pathomechanisms of Autosomal Dominant Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218142. [PMID: 33143372 PMCID: PMC7662760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss-of-function S284L-mutant α4 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is considered to contribute to the pathomechanism of autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (ADSHE); however, the age-dependent and sleep-related pathomechanisms of ADSHE remain to be clarified. To explore the age-dependent and sleep-induced pathomechanism of ADSHE, the present study determined the glutamatergic transmission abnormalities associated with α4β2-nAChR and the astroglial hemichannel in the hyperdirect and corticostriatal pathways of ADSHE model transgenic rats (S286L-TG) bearing the rat S286L-mutant Chrna4 gene corresponding to the human S284L-mutant CHRNA4 gene of ADSHE, using multiprobe microdialysis and capillary immunoblotting analyses. This study could not detect glutamatergic transmission in the corticostriatal pathway from the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) to the striatum. Before ADSHE onset (four weeks of age), functional abnormalities of glutamatergic transmission compared to the wild-type in the cortical hyperdirect pathway, from OFC to the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in S286L-TG, could not be detected. Conversely, after ADSHE onset (eight weeks of age), glutamatergic transmission in the hyperdirect pathway of S286L-TG was enhanced compared to the wild-type. Notably, enhanced glutamatergic transmission of S286L-TG was revealed by hemichannel activation in the OFC. Expression of connexin43 (Cx43) in the OFC of S286L-TG was upregulated after ADSHE onset but was almost equal to the wild-type prior to ADSHE onset. Differences in the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAkt) before ADSHE onset between the wild-type and S286L-TG were not observed; however, after ADSHE onset, pAkt was upregulated in S286L-TG. Conversely, the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pErk) was already upregulated before ADSHE onset compared to the wild-type. Both before and after ADSHE onset, subchronic nicotine administration decreased and did not affect the both expression of Cx43 and pErk of respective wild-type and S286L-TG, whereas the pAkt expression of both the wild-type and S286L-TG was increased by nicotine. Cx43 expression in the plasma membrane of the primary cultured astrocytes of the wild-type was increased by elevation of the extracellular K+ level (higher than 10 mM), and the increase in Cx43 expression in the plasma membrane required pErk functions. These observations indicate that a combination of functional abnormalities, GABAergic disinhibition, and upregulated pErk induced by the loss-of-function S286L-mutant α4β2-nAChR contribute to the age-dependent and sleep-induced pathomechanism of ADSHE via the upregulation/hyperactivation of the Cx43 hemichannels.
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Kosti A, Du L, Shivram H, Qiao M, Burns S, Garcia JG, Pertsemlidis A, Iyer VR, Kokovay E, Penalva LOF. ELF4 Is a Target of miR-124 and Promotes Neuroblastoma Proliferation and Undifferentiated State. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:68-78. [PMID: 31624087 PMCID: PMC6942226 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
13-Cis-retinoic acid (RA) is typically used in postremission maintenance therapy in patients with neuroblastoma. However, side effects and recurrence are often observed. We investigated the use of miRNAs as a strategy to replace RA as promoters of differentiation. miR-124 was identified as the top candidate in a functional screen. Genomic target analysis indicated that repression of a network of transcription factors (TF) could be mediating most of miR-124's effect in driving differentiation. To advance miR-124 mimic use in therapy and better define its mechanism of action, a high-throughput siRNA morphologic screen focusing on its TF targets was conducted and ELF4 was identified as a leading candidate for miR-124 repression. By altering its expression levels, we showed that ELF4 maintains neuroblastoma in an undifferentiated state and promotes proliferation. Moreover, ELF4 transgenic expression was able to counteract the neurogenic effect of miR-124 in neuroblastoma cells. With RNA sequencing, we established the main role of ELF4 to be regulation of cell-cycle progression, specifically through the DREAM complex. Interestingly, several cell-cycle genes activated by ELF4 are repressed by miR-124, suggesting that they might form a TF-miRNA regulatory loop. Finally, we showed that high ELF4 expression is often observed in neuroblastomas and is associated with poor survival. IMPLICATIONS: miR-124 induces neuroblastoma differentiation partially through the downregulation of TF ELF4, which drives neuroblastoma proliferation and its undifferentiated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kosti
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Liqin Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas
| | - Haridha Shivram
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Mei Qiao
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Suzanne Burns
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Juan Gabriel Garcia
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Alexander Pertsemlidis
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Vishwanath R Iyer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Erzsebet Kokovay
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Luiz O F Penalva
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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Lu KT, Huang TC, Tsai YH, Yang YL. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 channels mediate Na-K-Cl-co-transporter-induced brain edema after traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem 2017; 140:718-727. [PMID: 27926982 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Na+ -K+ -2Cl- co-transporter (NKCC1) plays an important role in traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced brain edema via the MAPK cascade. The transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel participates in neurogenic inflammation, pain transmission, and edema. In this study, we investigated the relationship between NKCC1 and TRPV4 and the related signaling pathways in TBI-induced brain edema and neuronal damage. TBI was induced by the calibrated weight-drop device. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into sham and experimental groups for time-course studies of TRPV4 expression after TBI. Hippocampal TRPV4, NKCC1, MAPK, and PI-3K cascades were analyzed by western blot, and brain edema was also evaluated among the different groups. Expression of hippocampal TRPV4 peaked at 8 h after TBI, and phosphorylation of the MAPK cascade and Akt was significantly elevated. Administration of either the TRPV4 antagonist, RN1734, or NKCC1 antagonist, bumetanide, significantly attenuated TBI-induced brain edema through decreasing the phosphorylation of MEK, ERK, and Akt proteins. Bumetanide injection inhibited TRPV4 expression, which suggests NKCC1 activation is critical to TRPV4 activation. Our results showed that hippocampal NKCC1 activation increased TRPV4 expression after TBI and then induced severe brain edema and neuronal damage through activation of the MAPK cascade and Akt-related signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok-Tung Lu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chun Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsin Tsai
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Yang
- Institute of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chia-Yi University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
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Huang X, Dorhout Mees E, Vos P, Hamza S, Braam B. Everything we always wanted to know about furosemide but were afraid to ask. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 310:F958-71. [PMID: 26911852 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00476.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Furosemide is a widely used, potent natriuretic drug, which inhibits the Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC)-2 in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle applied to reduce extracellular fluid volume expansion in heart and kidney disease. Undesirable consequences of furosemide, such as worsening of kidney function and unpredictable effects on sodium balance, led to this critical evaluation of how inhibition of NKCC affects renal and cardiovascular physiology. This evaluation reveals important knowledge gaps, involving furosemide as a drug, the function of NKCC2 (and NKCC1), and renal and systemic indirect effects of NKCC inhibition. Regarding renal effects, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate could become compromised by activation of tubuloglomerular feedback or by renin release, particularly if renal function is already compromised. Modulation of the intrarenal renin angiotensin system, however, is ill-defined. Regarding systemic effects, vasodilation followed by nonspecific NKCC inhibition and changes in venous compliance are not well understood. Repetitive administration of furosemide induces short-term (braking phenomenon, acute diuretic resistance) and long-term (chronic diuretic resistance) adaptations, of which the mechanisms are not well known. Modulation of NKCC2 expression and activity in kidney and heart failure is ill-defined. Lastly, furosemide's effects on cutaneous sodium stores and on uric acid levels could be beneficial or detrimental. Concluding, a considerable knowledge gap is identified regarding a potent drug with a relatively specific renal target, NKCC2, and renal and systemic actions. Resolving these questions would increase the understanding of NKCCs and their actions and improve rational use of furosemide in pathophysiology of fluid volume expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Evert Dorhout Mees
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Utrecht University, Vorden, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Vos
- Dianet Dialysis Centers, Utrecht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Shereen Hamza
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Branko Braam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Lu KT, Huang TC, Wang JY, You YS, Chou JL, Chan MWY, Wo PYY, Amstislavskaya TG, Tikhonova MA, Yang YL. NKCC1 mediates traumatic brain injury-induced hippocampal neurogenesis through CREB phosphorylation and HIF-1α expression. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:1651-61. [PMID: 25201604 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most prevalent causes of worldwide mortality and morbidity. We previously had evidenced that TBI induced Na-K-2Cl co-transporter (NKCC1) upregulation in hippocampus. Here, we aim to investigate the role of NKCC1 in TBI-induced neurogenesis and the detailed mechanisms. The TBI-associated alternations in the expression of NKCC1, HIF-1α, VEGF, MAPK cascade, and CREB phosphorylation were analyzed by Western blot. TBI-induced neurogenesis was determined by immuno-fluorescence labeling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to elucidate whether HIF-1α would activate VEGF gene after TBI. We found that the level of hippocampal NKCC1 and VEGF began to rise 8 h after TBI, and both of them reached maxima at day 7. Along with the upregulation of NKCC1 and VEGF, MAPK cascade was activated and hippocampal neurogenesis was promoted. Administration of CREB antisense oligonucleotide significantly attenuated the expression of HIF-1α, while HIF-1α antisense oligonucleotide exhibited little effect on the expression of CREB. However, HIF-1α antisense oligonucleotide administration did effectively suppress the expression of VEGF. Our results of the chromosome immunoprecipitation also indicated that HIF-1α could directly act on the VEGF promoter and presumably would elevate the VEGF expression after TBI. All these results have illustrated the correlation between NKCC1 upregulation and TBI-associated neurogenesis. The pathway involves the activation of Raf/MEK/ERK cascade, CREB phosphorylation, and HIF-1α upregulation, and finally leads to the stimulation of VEGF expression and the induction of neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok-Tung Lu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ko MC, Lee MC, Amstislavskaya TG, Tikhonova MA, Yang YL, Lu KT. Inhibition of NKCC1 attenuated hippocampal LTP formation and inhibitory avoidance in rat. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106692. [PMID: 25369049 PMCID: PMC4219661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The loop diuretic bumetanide (Bumex) is thought to have antiepileptic properties via modulate GABAA mediated signaling through their antagonism of cation-chloride cotransporters. Given that loop diuretics may act as antiepileptic drugs that modulate GABAergic signaling, we sought to investigate whether they also affect hippocampal function. The current study was performed to evaluate the possible role of NKCC1 on the hippocampal function. Brain slice extracellular recording, inhibitory avoidance, and western blot were applied in this study. Results showed that hippocampal Long-term potentiation was attenuated by suprafusion of NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide, in a dose dependent manner. Sequent experiment result showed that Intravenous injection of bumetanide (15.2 mg/kg) 30 min prior to the training session blocked inhibitory avoidance learning significantly. Subsequent control experiment's results excluded the possible non-specific effect of bumetanide on avoidance learning. We also found the phosphorylation of hippocampal MAPK was attenuated after bumetanide administration. These results suggested that hippocampal NKCC1 may via MAPK signaling cascade to possess its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chang Ko
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min Chong Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tamara G. Amstislavskaya
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, State Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAMS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maria A. Tikhonova
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, State Research Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAMS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yi-Ling Yang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chia-Yi University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Kwok-Tung Lu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Patanè S. ERBB1/EGFR and ERBB2 (HER2/neu)--targeted therapies in cancer and cardiovascular system with cardiovascular drugs. Int J Cardiol 2014; 176:1301-3. [PMID: 25131912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Patanè
- Cardiologia Ospedale San Vincenzo - Taormina (Me) Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Messina, Contrada Sirina, 98039 Taormina Messina, Italy. patane-@libero.it
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12
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Lu Q, Wang C, Pan R, Gao X, Wei Z, Xia Y, Dai Y. Histamine synergistically promotes bFGF-induced angiogenesis by enhancing VEGF production via H1 receptor. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:1009-19. [PMID: 23225320 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Histamine, a major mediator present in mast cells that is released into the extracellular milieu upon degranulation, is well known to possess a wide range of biological activities in several classic physiological and pathological processes. However, whether and how it participates in angiogenesis remains obscure. In the present study, we observed its direct and synergistic action with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), an important inducer of angiogenesis, on in vitro angiogenesis models of endothelial cells. Data showed that histamine (0.1, 1, 10 µM) itself was absent of direct effects on the processes of angiogenesis, including the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells. Nevertheless, it could concentration-dependently enhance bFGF-induced angiogenesis as well as production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from endothelial cells. The synergistic effect of histamine on VEGF production could be reversed by pretreatments with diphenhydramine (H1-receptor antagonist), SB203580 (selective p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor) and L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor), but not with cimetidine (H2-receptor antagonist) and indomethacin (cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor). Moreover, histamine could augment bFGF-incuced phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, a key factor accounting for the activation and translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in endothelial cells. These findings indicated that histamine was able to synergistically augment bFGF-induced angiogenesis, and this action was linked to VEGF production through H1-receptor and the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), p38 MAPK, and IκBα in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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Sun L, Yu Z, Wang W, Liu X. Both NKCC1 and anion exchangers contribute to Cl⁻ accumulation in postnatal forebrain neuronal progenitors. Eur J Neurosci 2012; 35:661-72. [PMID: 22390178 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal progenitors are continuously generated in the postnatal rodent subventricular zone and migrate along the rostral migratory stream to supply interneurons in the olfactory bulb. Nonsynaptic GABAergic signaling affects the postnatal neurogenesis by depolarizing neuronal progenitors, which depends on an elevated intracellular Cl(-) concentration. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for Cl(-) accumulation in these cells still remains elusive. Using confocal Ca(2+) imaging, we found that GABA depolarization-induced Ca(2+) increase was either abolished by bumetanide, a specific inhibitor of the Na(+) -K(+) -2Cl(-) cotransporter, or reduced by partial replacement of extracellular Na(+) with Li(+) , in the HEPES buffer but not in the CO(2)/HCO₃⁻ buffer. GABA depolarization-induced Ca(2+) increase in CO(2)/HCO₃⁻ buffer was abolished by a combination of bumetanide with the anion exchanger inhibitor DIDS or with the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetozalimide. Using gramicidin-perforated patch-clamp recording, we further confirmed that bumetanide, together with DIDS or acetozalimide, reduced the intracellular chloride concentration in the neuronal progenitors. In addition, with BrdU labeling, we demonstrated that blocking of the Na(+) -K(+) -2Cl(-) cotransporter, but not anion exchangers, reduced the proliferation of neuronal progenitors. Our results indicate that both the Na(+) -K(+) -2Cl(-) cotransporter and anion exchangers contribute to the elevated intracellular chloride responsible for the depolarizing action of GABA in the postnatal forebrain neuronal progenitors. However, the Na(+) -K(+) -2Cl(-) cotransporter displays an additional effect on neuronal progenitor proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8001, USA
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14
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Kucherenko YV, Lang F. Inhibitory effect of furosemide on non-selective voltage-independent cation channels in human erythrocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 30:863-75. [PMID: 22907543 DOI: 10.1159/000341464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Furosemide, a loop diuretic inhibiting the renal tubular Na(+),K(+),2Cl(-) cotransporter, has been shown to decrease cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in platelets and erythrocytes. [Ca(2+)](i) in erythrocytes is a function of Ca(2+) permeable cation channels. Activation of those channels e.g. by energy depletion or oxidative stress leads to increase of [Ca(2+)](i), which in turn triggers eryptosis, a suicidal erythrocyte death characterized by cell membrane scrambling. The present study was performed to explore whether furosemide influences the cation channels and thus influences eryptosis. METHODS Cation channel activity was determined by whole-cell patch clamp, [Ca(2+)](i) utilizing Fluo3 fluorescence and annexin V binding to estimate cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine exposure. RESULTS A 45 min exposure to furosemide (10 and 100 µM) slightly, but significantly decreased cation channel activity and [Ca(2+)](i) in human erythrocytes drawn from healthy individuals. ATP-depletion (> 3 hours, +37°C, 6 mM ionosine and 6 mM iodoacetic acid) enhanced the non-selective cation channel activity, increased [Ca(2+)](i) and triggered cell membrane scrambling, effects significantly blunted by furosemide (10 - 100 µM). Oxidative stress by exposure to tert-butylhydroperoxide (0.1 -1 mM) similarly enhanced the non-selective cation channels activity, increased [Ca(2+)](i) and triggered cell membrane scrambling, effects again significantly blunted by furosemide (10 - 100 µM). CONCLUSIONS The present study shows for the first time that the loop diuretic furosemide applied at micromolar concentrations (10 - 100 µM) inhibits non-selective cation channel activity in and eryptosis of human erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya V Kucherenko
- Department of Physiology Institute I, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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15
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Moteki H, Kimura M, Ogihara M. Activation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase by epidermal growth factor is potentiated by cAMP-elevating agents in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 34:1542-52. [PMID: 21963493 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of α- and β-adrenergic agonists on epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) isoforms in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated and cultured with EGF (20 ng/ml) and/or α(1)-, α(2)- and β(2)-adrenergic agonists. Phosphorylated ERK isoforms (ERK1; p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ERK2; p42 MAPK) were detected by Western blotting analysis using anti-phospho-ERK1/2 antibody. The results show that EGF induced a 2.5-fold increase in ERK2-, but not ERK1-, phosphorylation within 3 min. This EGF-induced ERK2 activation was abolished by treatment with the EGF-receptor kinase inhibitor AG1478 (10(-7) M) or the MEK (MAPK kinase) inhibitor PD98059 (10(-6) M). The α(2)-adrenergic and β(2)-adrenergic agonists, UK14304 (10(-6) M) and metaproterenol (10(-6) M), respectively, had no effect in the absence of EGF, but metaproterenol significantly potentiated EGF-induced ERK2 phosphorylation. Moreover, the cell-permeable cAMP analog 8-bromo cAMP (10(-7) M), also potentiated EGF-induced ERK2 phosphorylation. The effects of these analogs were antagonized by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 (10(-7) M). These results suggest that direct or indirect activation of PKA represents a positive regulatory mechanism for EGF stimulation of ERK2 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Moteki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350–02, Japan
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16
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Cai L, Du T, Song D, Li B, Hertz L, Peng L. Astrocyte ERK phosphorylation precedes K+-induced swelling but follows hypotonicity-induced swelling. Neuropathology 2010; 31:250-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2010.01172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Effect of different antihypertensive treatments on Ras, MAPK and Akt activation in hypertension and diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 2009; 116:165-73. [PMID: 18588512 DOI: 10.1042/cs20080119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ras GTPases function as transducers of extracellular signals regulating many cell functions, and they appear to be involved in the development of hypertension. In the present study, we have investigated whether antihypertensive treatment with ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers), ACEi (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) and diuretics induce changes in Ras activation and in some of its effectors [ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) and Akt] in lymphocytes from patients with hypertension without or with diabetes. ACEi treatment transiently reduced Ras activation in the first month of treatment, but diuretics induced a sustained increase in Ras activation throughout the 3 months of the study. In patients with hypertension and diabetes, ARB, ACEi and diuretic treatment increased Ras activation only during the first week. ACEi treatment increased phospho-ERK expression during the first week and also in the last 2 months of the study; however, diuretic treatment reduced phospho-ERK expression during the last 2 months of the study. In patients with hypertension and diabetes, antihypertensive treatments did not induce changes in phospho-ERK expression in lymphocytes. ACEi treatment reduced phospho-Akt expression in patients with hypertension and diabetes only in the first month of treatment. In conclusion, these findings show that antihypertensive treatments with ACEi, and diuretics to a lesser extent, modify Ras activation and some of its signalling pathways, although in different directions, whereas ARBs do not appear to have any influence on Ras signalling pathways.
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Walters ZS, Haworth KE, Latinkic BV. NKCC1 (SLC12a2) induces a secondary axis in Xenopus laevis embryos independently of its co-transporter function. J Physiol 2008; 587:521-9. [PMID: 19047208 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2008.161562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
NKCC1 is a broadly expressed Na(+)-K(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter involved in regulation of ion flux across the cell membrane and in regulating cell volume. Whilst much is known about the co-transporter activity of NKCC1 and its regulation by protein kinases and phosphatases, little is known about the activities of NKCC1 that are co-transporter independent. In this report we show that over-expression of NKCC1 in embryos of Xenopus laevis induces secondary axes, independently of its co-transporter activity. In addition, over-expression of NKCC1 results in the formation of neural tissue in ectodermal explants. We also show that NKCC1 is expressed broadly but non-uniformly in embryos of Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis, with prominent expression in the notochord, nervous system and stomach. These results provide insights into an additional, previously unreported activity of NKCCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë S Walters
- Cardiff School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, UK
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NKCC1-mediated traumatic brain injury-induced brain edema and neuron death via Raf/MEK/MAPK cascade. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:917-22. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e31816590c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Pedersen SF, Darborg BV, Rentsch ML, Rasmussen M. Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways by the plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger, NHE1. Arch Biochem Biophys 2007; 462:195-201. [PMID: 17321481 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2006.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2006] [Accepted: 12/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK, play a major role in the regulation of pivotal cellular processes such as cell death/survival balance, cell cycle progression, and cell migration. MAPK activity is regulated by a three-tiered phosphorelay system, which is in turn regulated by a complex network of signaling events and scaffolding proteins. The ubiquitous plasma membrane Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE1 is activated by, and implicated in, the physiological/pathophysiological responses to many of the same stimuli that modulate MAPK activity. While under some conditions, NHE1 is regulated by MAPKs, a number of studies have, conversely, implicated NHE1 in the regulation of MAPK activity. Here, we discuss the current evidence indicating the involvement of NHE1 in MAPK regulation, the mechanisms by which this may occur, and the possible physiological and pathophysiological relevance of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Falsig Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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