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Nannini G, De Luca V, D'Ambrosio C, Scaloni A, Taddei A, Ringressi MN, Cianchi F, Staderini F, Capasso C, Amedei A, Supuran CT. A comparative study of carbonic anhydrase activity in lymphocytes from colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent healthy counterparts. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1651-1655. [PMID: 35695123 PMCID: PMC9225793 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2085694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms play an essential role in processes connected to tumorigenesis, as they efficiently accelerate the hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and proton. In this context, examples are CA IX and CA XII, which were proved to be upregulated in many solid malignancies. On the other hand, cancer and the immune system are inextricably linked, and targeting the immune checkpoints recently was shown to efficiently improve the treatment of malignancies. In this study, we have investigated the expression of CA isoforms in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that, according to the immunosurveillance theory, were suggested to have a crucial role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). T lymphocytes isolated from healthy surrounding mucosa showed a higher CA activity compared to those present in tumour and peripheral blood in the same patients. CA I and II were confirmed as enzyme isoforms involved in the process, as determined by proteomic analysis of corresponding TIL samples. These preliminary findings suggest a dysregulation of the local immune response in the CRC tissues and a loss of effective anticancer mechanisms mediated by CAs therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Nannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy.,Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Chiara D'Ambrosio
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | - Antonio Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Cianchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Staderini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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2
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Boyne K, Corey DA, Zhao P, Lu B, Boron WF, Moss FJ, Kelley TJ. Carbonic anhydrase and soluble adenylate cyclase regulation of cystic fibrosis cellular phenotypes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L333-L347. [PMID: 34986321 PMCID: PMC8858677 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00022.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several aspects of the cell biology of cystic fibrosis (CF) epithelial cells are altered including impaired lipid regulation, disrupted intracellular transport, and impaired microtubule regulation. It is unclear how the loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function leads to these differences. It is hypothesized that the loss of CFTR function leads to altered regulation of carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity resulting in cellular phenotypic changes. In this study, it is demonstrated that CA2 protein expression is reduced in CF model cells, primary mouse nasal epithelial (MNE) cells, excised MNE tissue, and primary human nasal epithelial cells (P < 0.05). This corresponds to a decrease in CA2 RNA expression measured by qPCR as well as an overall reduction in CA activity in primary CF MNEs. The addition of CFTR-inhibitor-172 to WT MNE cells for ≥24 h mimics the significantly lower protein expression of CA2 in CF cells. Treatment of CF cells with l-phenylalanine (L-Phe), an activator of CA activity, restores endosomal transport through an effect on microtubule regulation in a manner dependent on soluble adenylate cyclase (sAC). This effect can be blocked with the CA2-selective inhibitor dorzolamide. These data suggest that the loss of CFTR function leads to the decreased expression of CA2 resulting in the downstream cell signaling alterations observed in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Boyne
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Deborah A Corey
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Pan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Binyu Lu
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Walter F Boron
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Fraser J Moss
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J Kelley
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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3
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Zajac M, Dreano E, Edwards A, Planelles G, Sermet-Gaudelus I. Airway Surface Liquid pH Regulation in Airway Epithelium Current Understandings and Gaps in Knowledge. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3384. [PMID: 33806154 PMCID: PMC8037888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge on the mechanisms of acid and base secretion in airways has progressed recently. The aim of this review is to summarize the known mechanisms of airway surface liquid (ASL) pH regulation and their implication in lung diseases. Normal ASL is slightly acidic relative to the interstitium, and defects in ASL pH regulation are associated with various respiratory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis. Basolateral bicarbonate (HCO3-) entry occurs via the electrogenic, coupled transport of sodium (Na+) and HCO3-, and, together with carbonic anhydrase enzymatic activity, provides HCO3- for apical secretion. The latter mainly involves CFTR, the apical chloride/bicarbonate exchanger pendrin and paracellular transport. Proton (H+) secretion into ASL is crucial to maintain its relative acidity compared to the blood. This is enabled by H+ apical secretion, mainly involving H+/K+ ATPase and vacuolar H+-ATPase that carry H+ against the electrochemical potential gradient. Paracellular HCO3- transport, the direction of which depends on the ASL pH value, acts as an ASL protective buffering mechanism. How the transepithelial transport of H+ and HCO3- is coordinated to tightly regulate ASL pH remains poorly understood, and should be the focus of new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslaw Zajac
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Elise Dreano
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France;
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Aurelie Edwards
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Gabrielle Planelles
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Laboratoire de Physiologie rénale et Tubulopathies, CNRS ERL 8228, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France;
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Mucoviscidose et Maladies de CFTR, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
- Clinical Trial Network, European Cystic Fibrosis Society, BT2 Belfast, Ireland
- European Respiratory Network Lung, 75006 Paris, France
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4
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Lee D, Hong JH. The Fundamental Role of Bicarbonate Transporters and Associated Carbonic Anhydrase Enzymes in Maintaining Ion and pH Homeostasis in Non-Secretory Organs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010339. [PMID: 31947992 PMCID: PMC6981687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bicarbonate ion has a fundamental role in vital systems. Impaired bicarbonate transport leads to various diseases, including immune disorders, cystic fibrosis, tumorigenesis, kidney diseases, brain dysfunction, tooth fracture, ischemic reperfusion injury, hypertension, impaired reproductive system, and systemic acidosis. Carbonic anhydrases are involved in the mechanism of bicarbonate movement and consist of complex of bicarbonate transport systems including bicarbonate transporters. This review focused on the convergent regulation of ion homeostasis through various ion transporters including bicarbonate transporters, their regulatory enzymes, such as carbonic anhydrases, pH regulatory role, and the expression pattern of ion transporters in non-secretory systems throughout the body. Understanding the correlation between these systems will be helpful in order to obtain new insights and design potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of pH-related disorders. In this review, we have discussed the broad prospects and challenges that remain in elucidation of bicarbonate-transport-related biological and developmental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeong Hee Hong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-899-6682; Fax: +82-32-899-6039
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5
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Airway surface liquid acidification initiates host defense abnormalities in Cystic Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6516. [PMID: 31019198 PMCID: PMC6482305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by defective Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein. Morbidity is mainly due to early airway infection. We hypothesized that S. aureus clearance during the first hours of infection was impaired in CF human Airway Surface Liquid (ASL) because of a lowered pH. The ASL pH of human bronchial epithelial cell lines and primary respiratory cells from healthy controls (WT) and patients with CF was measured with a pH microelectrode. The antimicrobial capacity of airway cells was studied after S. aureus apical infection by counting surviving bacteria. ASL was significantly more acidic in CF than in WT respiratory cells. This was consistent with a defect in bicarbonate secretion involving CFTR and SLC26A4 (pendrin) and a persistent proton secretion by ATP12A. ASL demonstrated a defect in S. aureus clearance which was improved by pH normalization. Pendrin inhibition in WT airways recapitulated the CF airway defect and increased S. aureus proliferation. ATP12A inhibition by ouabain decreased bacterial proliferation. Antimicrobial peptides LL-37 and hBD1 demonstrated a pH-dependent activity. Normalizing ASL pH might improve innate airway defense in newborns with CF during onset of S. aureus infection. Pendrin activation and ATP12A inhibition could represent novel therapeutic strategies to normalize pH in CF airways.
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6
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Dobay O, Laub K, Stercz B, Kéri A, Balázs B, Tóthpál A, Kardos S, Jaikumpun P, Ruksakiet K, Quinton PM, Zsembery Á. Bicarbonate Inhibits Bacterial Growth and Biofilm Formation of Prevalent Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2245. [PMID: 30283433 PMCID: PMC6157313 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of bicarbonate on the growth of several different bacteria as well as its effects on biofilm formation and intracellular cAMP concentration in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biofilm formation was examined in 96-well plates, with or without bicarbonate. The cAMP production of bacteria was measured by a commercial assay kit. We found that NaHCO3 (100 mmol l-1) significantly inhibited, whereas NaCl (100 mmol l-1) did not influence the growth of planktonic bacteria. MIC and MBC measurements indicated that the effect of HCO3− is bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal. Moreover, NaHCO3 prevented biofilm formation as a function of concentration. Bicarbonate and alkalinization of external pH induced a significant increase in intracellular cAMP levels. In conclusion, HCO3− impedes the planktonic growth of different bacteria and impedes biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa that is associated with increased intracellular cAMP production. These findings suggest that aerosol inhalation therapy with HCO3− solutions may help improve respiratory hygiene in patients with cystic fibrosis and possibly other chronically infected lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Dobay
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Laub
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Stercz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Kéri
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Balázs
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Tóthpál
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Kardos
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Kasidid Ruksakiet
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paul M Quinton
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ákos Zsembery
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Huang Y, Ma SF, Espindola MS, Vij R, Oldham JM, Huffnagle GB, Erb-Downward JR, Flaherty KR, Moore BB, White ES, Zhou T, Li J, Lussier YA, Han MK, Kaminski N, Garcia JGN, Hogaboam CM, Martinez FJ, Noth I. Microbes Are Associated with Host Innate Immune Response in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:208-219. [PMID: 28157391 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201607-1525oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Differences in the lung microbial community influence idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) progression. Whether the lung microbiome influences IPF host defense remains unknown. OBJECTIVES To explore the host immune response and microbial interaction in IPF as they relate to progression-free survival (PFS), fibroblast function, and leukocyte phenotypes. METHODS Paired microarray gene expression data derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing data from bronchoalveolar lavage obtained as part of the COMET-IPF (Correlating Outcomes with Biochemical Markers to Estimate Time-Progression in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis) study were used to conduct association pathway analyses. The responsiveness of paired lung fibroblasts to Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) stimulation by CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) was integrated into microbiome-gene expression association analyses for a subset of individuals. The relationship between associated pathways and circulating leukocyte phenotypes was explored by flow cytometry. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Down-regulation of immune response pathways, including nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-, Toll-, and RIG1-like receptor pathways, was associated with worse PFS. Ten of the 11 PFS-associated pathways correlated with microbial diversity and individual genus, with species accumulation curve richness as a hub. Higher species accumulation curve richness was significantly associated with inhibition of NODs and TLRs, whereas increased abundance of Streptococcus correlated with increased NOD-like receptor signaling. In a network analysis, expression of up-regulated signaling pathways was strongly associated with decreased abundance of operational taxonomic unit 1341 (OTU1341; Prevotella) among individuals with fibroblasts responsive to CpG-ODN stimulation. The expression of TLR signaling pathways was also linked to CpG-ODN responsive fibroblasts, OTU1341 (Prevotella), and Shannon index of microbial diversity in a network analysis. Lymphocytes expressing C-X-C chemokine receptor 3 CD8 significantly correlated with OTU1348 (Staphylococcus). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that host-microbiome interactions influence PFS and fibroblast responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- 1 Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shwu-Fan Ma
- 1 Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Milena S Espindola
- 2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rekha Vij
- 1 Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Justin M Oldham
- 3 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Gary B Huffnagle
- 4 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John R Erb-Downward
- 4 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kevin R Flaherty
- 4 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Beth B Moore
- 4 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Eric S White
- 4 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tong Zhou
- 5 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | - Jianrong Li
- 6 University of Arizona Health Sciences at the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Yves A Lussier
- 6 University of Arizona Health Sciences at the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - MeiLan K Han
- 4 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- 7 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- 6 University of Arizona Health Sciences at the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Cory M Hogaboam
- 2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Imre Noth
- 1 Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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8
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Hayes D, Glanville AR, McGiffin D, Tobias JD, Tumin D. Age-related survival disparity associated with lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis: An analysis of the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016; 35:1108-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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9
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Rauniyar N. Parallel Reaction Monitoring: A Targeted Experiment Performed Using High Resolution and High Mass Accuracy Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28566-81. [PMID: 26633379 PMCID: PMC4691067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assay has emerged as an alternative method of targeted quantification. The PRM assay is performed in a high resolution and high mass accuracy mode on a mass spectrometer. This review presents the features that make PRM a highly specific and selective method for targeted quantification using quadrupole-Orbitrap hybrid instruments. In addition, this review discusses the label-based and label-free methods of quantification that can be performed with the targeted approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Rauniyar
- W.M. Keck Foundation Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, School of Medicine, Yale University, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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10
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Differences in Host Innate Responses among Coccidioides Isolates in a Murine Model of Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2015; 14:1043-53. [PMID: 26275879 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00122-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii are soil-dwelling fungi and the causative agents of coccidioidomycosis, a mycosis endemic to certain semiarid regions in the Americas. The most common route of infection is by inhalation of airborne Coccidioides arthroconidia. Once a susceptible host inhales the conidia, a transition to mature endosporulated spherules can occur within the first 5 days of infection. For this study, we examined the host response in a murine model of coccidioidomycosis during a time period of infection that has not been well characterized. We collected lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from BALB/c mice that were infected with a C. immitis pure strain, a C. immitis hybrid strain, or a C. posadasii strain as well as uninfected mice. We compared the host responses to the Coccidioides strains used in this study by assessing the level of transcription of selected cytokine genes in lung tissues and characterized host and fungal proteins present in BALF. Host response varied depending on the Coccidioides strain that was used and did not appear to be overly robust. This study provides a foundation to begin to dissect the host immune response early in infection, to detect abundant Coccidioides proteins, and to develop diagnostics that target these early time points of infection.
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Hayes D, Auletta JJ, Whitson BA, Black SM, Kirkby S, Tobias JD, Mansour HM. Human leukocyte antigen mismatching and survival after lung transplantation in adult and pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 151:549-57.e1. [PMID: 26414151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The influence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatching on survival in adult and pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) after lung transplantation (LTx) is unknown. METHODS The United Network for Organ Sharing database was queried from 1987 to 2013 to determine the influence of HLA mismatching on survival in adult and pediatric CF LTx recipients by assessing the association of HLA mismatching with survival in first-time adult (aged ≥ 18 years) and pediatric (aged <18 years) recipients. RESULTS Of 3149 adult and 489 pediatric patients with CF, 3145 and 489 were used for univariate Cox analysis, 2687 and 363 for Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and 2073 and 257 for multivariate Cox analysis, respectively. Univariate analyses in adult and pediatric patients with CF demonstrated conflicting associations between HLA mismatching and survival (adult hazard ratio [HR], 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.1; P = .45 vs pediatric HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77-0.99; P = .032). Multivariate Cox models including both pediatric and adult patients confirmed that HLA mismatching had an initially protective effect at young ages (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-0.99; P = .044) and that this protective effect diminished at older ages and was no longer associated with survival at P < .05 beyond age 10 years. CONCLUSIONS HLA mismatching has significantly different implications for survival after LTx in adult compared with pediatric patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Hayes
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Jeffery J Auletta
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Host Defense Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Section of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Section of Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Bryan A Whitson
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sylvester M Black
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Stephen Kirkby
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph D Tobias
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Heidi M Mansour
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, The University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Ariz
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12
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Mulcahy EM, Hudson JB, Beggs SA, Reid DW, Roddam LF, Cooley MA. High peripheral blood th17 percent associated with poor lung function in cystic fibrosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120912. [PMID: 25803862 PMCID: PMC4372584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have been reported to make lung T cell responses that are biased towards T helper (Th) 2 or Th17. We hypothesized that CF-related T cell regulatory defects could be detected by analyzing CD4+ lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 42 CF patients (6 months–53 years old) and 78 healthy controls (2–61 years old) were analyzed for Th1 (IFN-γ+), Th2 (IL-4+), Th17 (IL-17+), Treg (FOXP3+), IL-10+ and TGF-β+ CD4+ cells. We observed higher proportions of Treg, IL-10+ and TGF-β+ CD4+ cells in CF adults (≥ 18 years old), but not children/adolescents, compared with controls. Within the CF group, high TGF-β+% was associated with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection (p < 0.006). We observed no significant differences between control and CF groups in the proportions of Th1, Th2 or Th17 cells, and no association within the CF group of any subset with sex, CFTR genotype, or clinical exacerbation. However, high Th17% was strongly associated with poor lung function (FEV1 % predicted) (p = 0.0008), and this association was strongest when both lung function testing and blood sampling were performed within one week. Our results are consistent with reports of CF as a Th17 disease and suggest that peripheral blood Th17 levels may be a surrogate marker of lung function in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Mulcahy
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jo B. Hudson
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sean A. Beggs
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - David W. Reid
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Louise F. Roddam
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Margaret A. Cooley
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Crabbé A, Ledesma MA, Nickerson CA. Mimicking the host and its microenvironment in vitro for studying mucosal infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pathog Dis 2014; 71:1-19. [PMID: 24737619 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Why is a healthy person protected from Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, while individuals with cystic fibrosis or damaged epithelium are particularly susceptible to this opportunistic pathogen? To address this question, it is essential to thoroughly understand the dynamic interplay between the host microenvironment and P. aeruginosa. Therefore, using model systems that represent key aspects of human mucosal tissues in health and disease allows recreating in vivo host-pathogen interactions in a physiologically relevant manner. In this review, we discuss how factors of mucosal tissues, such as apical-basolateral polarity, junctional complexes, extracellular matrix proteins, mucus, multicellular complexity (including indigenous microbiota), and other physicochemical factors affect P. aeruginosa pathogenesis and are thus important to mimic in vitro. We highlight in vitro cell and tissue culture model systems of increasing complexity that have been used over the past 35 years to study the infectious disease process of P. aeruginosa, mainly focusing on lung models, and their respective advantages and limitations. Continued improvements of in vitro models based on our expanding knowledge of host microenvironmental factors that participate in P. aeruginosa pathogenesis will help advance fundamental understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and increase the translational potential of research findings from bench to the patient's bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Crabbé
- The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Ikpa PT, Bijvelds MJC, de Jonge HR. Cystic fibrosis: toward personalized therapies. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 52:192-200. [PMID: 24561283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common, life-threatening monogenetic disease in Caucasians, is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, encoding a cAMP- and cGMP-regulated epithelial chloride channel. Symptomatic therapies treating end-organ manifestations have increased the life expectancy of CF patients toward a mean of 40 years. The recent development of CFTR-targeted drugs that emerged from high-throughput screening and are capable of correcting the basic defect promises to transform the therapeutic landscape from a trial-and-error prescription to personalized medicine. This stratified approach is tailored to a specific functional class of mutations in CFTR, but can be refined further to an individual level by exploiting recent advances in ex vivo drug testing methods. These tests range from CFTR functional measurements in rectal biopsies donated by a CF patient to the use of patient-derived intestinal or pulmonary organoids. Such organoids may serve as an inexhaustible source of epithelial cells that can be stored in biobanks and allow medium- to high-throughput screening of CFTR activators, correctors and potentiators on the basis of a simple microscopic assay monitoring organoid swelling. Thus the recent breakthrough in stem cell biology allowing the culturing of mini-organs from individual patients is not only relevant for future stem cell therapy, but may also allow the preclinical testing of new drugs or combinations that are optimally suited for an individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline T Ikpa
- Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel J C Bijvelds
- Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo R de Jonge
- Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Averna M, Pedrazzi M, Minicucci L, De Tullio R, Cresta F, Salamino F, Pontremoli S, Melloni E. Calpain inhibition promotes the rescue of F(508)del-CFTR in PBMC from cystic fibrosis patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66089. [PMID: 23785472 PMCID: PMC3681946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A basal calpain activity promotes the limited proteolysis of wild type (WT) cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (CFTR), inducing the internalization of the split channel. This process contributes to the regulation in the level of the active CFTR at the plasma membranes. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 16 healthy donors, the inhibition of calpain activity induces a 3-fold increase in the amount of active WT CFTR at the plasma membranes. Instead, in PBMC from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, calpain activity is expressed at aberrant levels causing the massive removal of F508del-CFTR from the cell surface. In these patients, the inhibition of such abnormal proteolysis rescues physiological amounts of active mutated CFTR in 90% of the patients (25 over 28). The recovery of functional F508del-CFTR at the physiological location, in cells treated with a synthetic calpain inhibitor, indicates that F508del-CFTR folding, maturation, and trafficking operate in CF-PBMC at significant rate. Thus, an increase in the basal calpain activity seems primarily involved in the CFTR defect observed in various CF cells. Furthermore, in CF-PBMC the recovery of the scaffolding protein Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF-1), occurring following inhibition of the aberrant calpain activity, can contribute to rescue CFTR-functional clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Averna
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES) - Biochemistry Section, and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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