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Greggi C, Montanaro M, Scioli MG, Puzzuoli M, Gino Grillo S, Scimeca M, Mauriello A, Orlandi A, Gasbarra E, Iundusi R, Pucci S, Tarantino U. Modulation of Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase 1b Expression and Activity in Muscle Pathophysiology in Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1289. [PMID: 39456222 PMCID: PMC11505991 DOI: 10.3390/biom14101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, articular cartilage and bone represent the target tissues, respectively, but muscle is also involved. Since many changes in energy metabolism occur in muscle with aging, the aim of the present work was to investigate the involvement of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b (Cpt1b) in the muscle pathophysiology of the two diseases. Healthy subjects (CTR, n = 5), osteoarthritic (OA, n = 10), and osteoporotic (OP, n = 10) patients were enrolled. Gene expression analysis conducted on muscle and myoblasts showed up-regulation of CPT1B in OA patients; this result was confirmed by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses and enzyme activity assay, which showed increased Cpt1b activity in OA muscle. In addition, CPT1B expression resulted down-regulated in cultured OP myoblasts. Given the potential involvement of Cpt1b in the modulation of oxidative stress, we investigated ROS levels, which were found to be lower in OA myoblasts, and gene expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen oxidase 4 (Nox4), which resulted up-regulated in OA cells. Finally, the immunofluorescence of BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 (Bnip3) showed a decreased expression in OP myoblasts, with respect to CTR and OA. Contextually, through an ultrastructural analysis conducted by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), the presence of aberrant mitochondria was observed in OP muscle. This study highlights the potential role of Cpt1b in the regulation of muscle homeostasis in both osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, allowing for the expansion of the current knowledge of what are the molecular biological pathways involved in the regulation of muscle physiology in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Greggi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (E.G.); (R.I.); (U.T.)
| | - Manuela Montanaro
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (A.O.); (S.P.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (A.O.); (S.P.)
| | - Martina Puzzuoli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (A.O.); (S.P.)
| | - Sonia Gino Grillo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, “Policlinico Tor Vergata” Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (A.O.); (S.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University “Our Lady of Good Counsel”, Rruga Dritan Hoxha, 1000 Tirana, Albania
| | - Elena Gasbarra
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (E.G.); (R.I.); (U.T.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, “Policlinico Tor Vergata” Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Iundusi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (E.G.); (R.I.); (U.T.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, “Policlinico Tor Vergata” Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sabina Pucci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.P.); (A.O.); (S.P.)
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (E.G.); (R.I.); (U.T.)
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, “Policlinico Tor Vergata” Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University “Our Lady of Good Counsel”, Rruga Dritan Hoxha, 1000 Tirana, Albania
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Scioli MG, Coniglione F, Greggi C, Evangelista L, Fiorelli E, Savino L, Ferlosio A, Piccirilli E, Gasbarra E, Iundusi R, Tarantino U, Orlandi A. Ascorbic acid reduces Ropivacaine-induced myotoxicity in cultured human osteoporotic skeletal muscle cells. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:576. [PMID: 37454045 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a worldwide health issue. Loss of bone mass is a potential risk factor for fragility fractures, and osteoporotic fractures place a considerable burden on society. Bone and muscle represent a functional unit in which the two tissues are intimately interconnected. Ropivacaine is a potent local anesthetic used in clinical practice for intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative pain management, in particular for hip surgery. When injected, Ropivacaine can diffuse locally through, in particular in surrounding skeletal muscle tissue, causing dose-dependent cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and myogenesis impairment. Based on those evidences, we focused our attention on Ropivacaine-induced cytotoxicity on cultured human myoblasts. METHODS Primary human myoblasts and myotubes from healthy subjects, osteoarthritic and osteoporotic patients (OP) were cultured in the presence of Ropivacaine. In some experiments, ascorbic acid (AsA) was added as a potent antioxidant agent. Cell viability and ROS levels were evaluated to investigate the myotoxic activity and Real-Time PCR and Western blot analysis carried out to investigate the expression of proliferation and myogenic markers. RESULTS A dose-dependent decrease of cell viability was observed after Ropivacaine exposure in both OP myoblasts and myotubes cultures, whereas those effects were not observed in the presence of Propofol, a general anesthetic. The adding of AsA reduced Ropivacaine negative effects in OP myoblast cultures. In addition, Ropivacaine exposure also increased ROS levels and upregulated Nox4 expression, an enzyme primarily implicated in skeletal muscle ROS generation. AsA treatment counteracted the oxidant activity of Ropivacaine and partially restored the basal condition in cultures. Positive myogenic markers, such as MyoD and Myf5, were downregulated by Ropivacaine exposure, whereas myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle growth and differentiation, was upregulated. The phenotypic deregulation of myogenic controllers in the presence of Ropivacaine was counteracted by AsA treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the oxidative stress-mediated myotoxic effect of Ropivacaine on human skeletal muscle tissue cell cultures, and suggest treatment with AsA as valid strategy to mitigate its negative effects and allowing an ameliorated functional skeletal muscle recovery in patients undergoing hip replacement surgery for osteoporotic bone fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, Dept. of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy.
| | - Filadelfo Coniglione
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
| | - Chiara Greggi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Evangelista
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Fiorelli
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, Dept. of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Luca Savino
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, Dept. of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Amedeo Ferlosio
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, Dept. of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | | | - Elena Gasbarra
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, PTV Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Iundusi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, PTV Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, PTV Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, Dept. of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
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Wang HC, Li Z, Li Z, Wang X, Long X. Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined Fat Transplantation for the Treatment of Bleomycin-Induced Murine Scleroderma. Ann Plast Surg 2023; 90:626-630. [PMID: 37311318 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-fat retention induced by inflammation limits the clinical application of fat grafting for treating localized scleroderma (LS) patients. Novel methods to improve the therapeutic outcome are needed. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-assisted fat transplantation on skin fibrosis and adipose survival in the LS model. METHODS The LS model was established by the injection of bleomycin into BALB/C nude mice, which were randomly divided into the following 4 groups: healthy control, LS disease group model, fat transplantation group, and PRP+ fat transplantation group. The mice received a subcutaneous injection at back with phosphate-buffered saline, fat, or 20% PRP+ fat. Factors of immunoregulation, angiogenesis and adipogenesis were measured. RESULTS Platelet-rich plasma-combined fat transplantation significantly attenuated dermis fibrosis by reducing the production of type III collagen. The fat retention in the PRP+ fat transplantation group was 43 ± 4 mg, significantly higher than 22 ± 15 mg in the fat transplantation group (P = 0.0416). The level of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 2 showed no significant difference between the groups. The expression of angiogenesis factors, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and CD31, significantly increased in the PRP+ fat transplantation group. The expression of adipogenesis factors, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, anti-CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, also significantly increased in the PRP+ fat transplantation group. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that PRP-combined fat transplantation attenuated dermis fibrosis and raised fat survival in the LS model by promoting angiogenesis and adipogenesis through insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayson Chenyu Wang
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Zhijin Li
- Department of Plastic surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhujun Li
- Department of Plastic surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Plastic surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Long
- Department of Plastic surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Scioli MG, Storti G, Bielli A, Sanchez M, Scimeca M, Gimble JM, Cervelli V, Orlandi A. CD146 expression regulates osteochondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:589-602. [PMID: 34287857 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to develop innovative approaches to repair tissue defects. The use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in tissue regeneration was extensively investigated for osteochondrogenesis. Among the ASC population, ASCs expressing the CD146 were demonstrated to be multipotent and considered as perivascular stem cells, although the functional role of CD146 expression in these cells remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the influence of CD146 expression on osteochondrogenic differentiation of ASCs. Our results showed that, in two-dimensional culture systems, sorted CD146+ ASCs proliferated less and displayed higher adipogenic and chondrogenic potential than CD146- ASCs. The latter demonstrated a higher osteogenic capacity. Besides this, CD146+ ASCs in three-dimensional Matrigel/endothelial growth medium (EGM) cultures showed the highest angiogenic capability. When cultured in three-dimensional collagen scaffolds, CD146+ ASCs showed a spontaneous chondrogenic differentiation, further enhanced by the EGM medium's addition. Finally, CD146- ASCs seeded on hexafluoroisopropanol silk scaffolds displayed a greater spontaneous osteogenetic capacity. Altogether, these findings demonstrated a functional and relevant influence of CD146 expression in ASC properties and osteochondrogenic commitment. Exploiting the combination of specific differentiation properties of ASC subpopulations and appropriate culture systems could represent a promising strategy to improve the efficacy of new regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Storti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Sanchez
- Major Equipments and Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Valerio Cervelli
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
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Systematic Review: Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Platelet-Rich Plasma and Biomaterials as New Regenerative Strategies in Chronic Skin Wounds and Soft Tissue Defects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041538. [PMID: 33546464 PMCID: PMC7913648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of clinical trials evaluating adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and biomaterials efficacy in regenerative plastic surgery has exponentially increased during the last ten years. AD-MSCs are easily accessible from various fat depots and show intrinsic plasticity in giving rise to cell types involved in wound healing and angiogenesis. AD-MSCs have been used in the treatment of soft tissue defects and chronic wounds, employed in conjunction with a fat grafting technique or with dermal substitute scaffolds and platelet-rich plasma. In this systematic review, an overview of the current knowledge on this topic has been provided, based on existing studies and the authors’ experience. A multistep search of the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PreMEDLINE, Ebase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Clinicaltrials.gov, Scopus database, and Cochrane databases has been performed to identify papers on AD-MSCs, PRP, and biomaterials used in soft tissue defects and chronic wounds. Of the 2136 articles initially identified, 422 articles focusing on regenerative strategies in wound healing were selected and, consequently, only 278 articles apparently related to AD-MSC, PRP, and biomaterials were initially assessed for eligibility. Of these, 85 articles were excluded as pre-clinical, experimental, and in vitro studies. For the above-mentioned reasons, 193 articles were selected; of this amount, 121 letters, expert opinions, commentary, and editorials were removed. The remaining 72 articles, strictly regarding the use of AD-MSCs, PRP, and biomaterials in chronic skin wounds and soft tissue defects, were analyzed. The studies included had to match predetermined criteria according to the patients, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) approach. The information analyzed highlights the safety and efficacy of AD-MSCs, PRP, and biomaterials on soft tissue defects and chronic wounds, without major side effects.
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Oxidative Stress and New Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Endothelial Dysfunction: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061995. [PMID: 32630452 PMCID: PMC7355625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart and pathological circulatory conditions, are the world's leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Endothelial dysfunction involved in CVD pathogenesis is a trigger, or consequence, of oxidative stress and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is defined as a diminished production/availability of nitric oxide, with or without an imbalance between endothelium-derived contracting, and relaxing factors associated with a pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic status. Endothelial dysfunction-induced phenotypic changes include up-regulated expression of adhesion molecules and increased chemokine secretion, leukocyte adherence, cell permeability, low-density lipoprotein oxidation, platelet activation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Inflammation-induced oxidative stress results in an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly derived from mitochondria. Excessive ROS production causes oxidation of macromolecules inducing cell apoptosis mediated by cytochrome-c release. Oxidation of mitochondrial cardiolipin loosens cytochrome-c binding, thus, favoring its cytosolic release and activation of the apoptotic cascade. Oxidative stress increases vascular permeability, promotes leukocyte adhesion, and induces alterations in endothelial signal transduction and redox-regulated transcription factors. Identification of new endothelial dysfunction-related oxidative stress markers represents a research goal for better prevention and therapy of CVD. New-generation therapeutic approaches based on carriers, gene therapy, cardiolipin stabilizer, and enzyme inhibitors have proved useful in clinical practice to counteract endothelial dysfunction. Experimental studies are in continuous development to discover new personalized treatments. Gene regulatory mechanisms, implicated in endothelial dysfunction, represent potential new targets for developing drugs able to prevent and counteract CVD-related endothelial dysfunction. Nevertheless, many challenges remain to overcome before these technologies and personalized therapeutic strategies can be used in CVD management.
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Apolipoprotein A-I Supports MSCs Survival under Stress Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114062. [PMID: 32517119 PMCID: PMC7312015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials have shown the safety of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) transplantation, but the effectiveness of these treatments is limited. Since, transplanted MSCs will undergo metabolic disturbances in the bloodstream, we investigated the influence of blood plasmas of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients on MSCs viability and examined whether apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) could protect cells from stressful conditions of serum deprivation (SD), hypoxia, and elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ApoA-I exhibits anti-inflammatory, immune activities, improves glycemic control, and is suitable for T2D patients but its influence on MSCs remains unknown. For the first time we have shown that apoA-I decreases intracellular ROS and supports proliferative rate of MSCs, thereby increasing cell count in oxidation conditions. ApoA-I did not influence cell cycle when MSCs were predominantly in the G0/G1 phases under conditions of SD/hypoxia, activated proliferation rapidly, and reduced apoptosis during MSCs transition to the oxygenation or oxidation conditions. Finally, it was found that the blood plasma of T2D individuals had a cytotoxic effect on MSCs in 39% of cases and had a wide variability of antioxidant properties. ApoA-I protects cells under all adverse conditions and can increase the efficiency of MSCs transplantation in T2D patients.
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Nie WB, Zhang D, Wang LS. Growth Factor Gene-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:1241-1256. [PMID: 32273686 PMCID: PMC7105364 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s243944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There have been marked changes in the field of stem cell therapeutics in recent years, with many clinical trials having been conducted to date in an effort to treat myriad diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the cell type most frequently utilized in stem cell therapeutic and tissue regenerative strategies, and have been used with excellent safety to date. Unfortunately, these MSCs have limited ability to engraft and survive, reducing their clinical utility. MSCs are able to secrete growth factors that can support the regeneration of tissues, and engineering MSCs to express such growth factors can improve their survival, proliferation, differentiation, and tissue reconstructing abilities. As such, it is likely that such genetically modified MSCs may represent the next stage of regenerative therapy. Indeed, increasing volumes of preclinical research suggests that such modified MSCs expressing growth factors can effectively treat many forms of tissue damage. In the present review, we survey recent approaches to producing and utilizing growth factor gene-modified MSCs in the context of tissue repair and discuss its prospects for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Nie
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Gentile P, Calabrese C, De Angelis B, Pizzicannella J, Kothari A, Garcovich S. Impact of the Different Preparation Methods to Obtain Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells (AD-SVFs) and Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs): Enzymatic Digestion Versus Mechanical Centrifugation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5471. [PMID: 31684107 PMCID: PMC6862236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous therapies using adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (AD-SVFs) and adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) warrant careful preparation of the harvested adipose tissue. Currently, no standardized technique for this preparation exists. Processing quantitative standards (PQSs) define manufacturing quantitative variables (such as time, volume, and pressure). Processing qualitative standards (PQLSs) define the quality of the materials and methods in manufacturing. The purpose of the review was to use PQSs and PQLSs to report the in vivo and in vitro results obtained by different processing kits that use different procedures (enzymatic vs. non-enzymatic) to isolate human AD-SVFs/AD-MSCs. PQSs included the volume of fat tissue harvested and reagents used, the time/gravity of centrifugation, and the time, temperature, and tilt level/speed of incubation and/or centrifugation. PQLSs included the use of a collagenase, a processing time of 30 min, kit weight, transparency of the kit components, the maintenance of a closed sterile processing environment, and the use of a small centrifuge and incubating rocker. Using a kit with the PQSs and PQLSs described in this study enables the isolation of AD-MSCs that meet the consensus quality criteria. As the discovery of new critical quality attributes (CQAs) of AD-MSCs evolve with respect to purity and potency, adjustments to these benchmark PQSs and PQLs will hopefully isolate AD-MSCs of various CQAs with greater reproducibility, quality, and safety. Confirmatory studies will no doubt need to be completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Barbara De Angelis
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Ashutosh Kothari
- Chief of Breast Surgery Unit, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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Qi Y, Ma J, Li S, Liu W. Applicability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:274. [PMID: 31455405 PMCID: PMC6712852 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and impaired insulin secretion. The chronic inflammatory process contributed to IR and could also hamper pancreatic β cell function. However, currently applied treatment cannot reverse β cell damage or alleviate inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the cell-based therapy for their self-renewable, differentiation potential, and immunosuppressive properties, have been demonstrated in displaying therapeutic effects in T2DM. Adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) attracted more attention due to less harvested inconvenience and ethical issues commonly accompany with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and fetal annex-derived MSCs. Both AD-MSC therapy studies and mechanism explorations in T2DM animals presented that AD-MSCs could translate to clinical application. However, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and metabolic disturbance in T2DM are crucial for impairment of AD-MSC function, which may limit the therapeutical effects of MSCs. This review focuses on the outcomes and the molecular mechanisms of MSC therapies in T2DM which light up the hope of AD-MSCs as an innovative strategy to cure T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Qi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160# Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160# Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shengxian Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160# Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160# Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Trinder M, Zhou L, Oakie A, Riopel M, Wang R. β-cell insulin receptor deficiency during in utero development induces an islet compensatory overgrowth response. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44927-44940. [PMID: 27384998 PMCID: PMC5216695 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of insulin receptor (IR) on β-cells suggests that insulin has an autocrine/paracrine role in the regulation of β-cell function. It has previously been reported that the β-cell specific loss of IR (βIRKO) leads to the development of impaired glycemic regulation and β-cell death in mice. However, temporally controlled βIRKO induced during the distinct transitions of fetal pancreas development has yet to be investigated. We hypothesized that the presence of IR on β-cells during the 2nd transition phase of the fetal murine pancreas is required for maintaining normal islet development.We utilized a mouse insulin 1 promoter driven tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase IR knockout (MIP-βIRKO) mouse model to investigate the loss of β-cell IR during pancreatic development at embryonic day (e) 13, a phase of endocrine proliferation and β-cell fate determination. Fetal pancreata examined at e19-20 showed significantly reduced IR levels in the β-cells of MIP-βIRKO mice. Morphologically, MIP-βIRKO pancreata exhibited significantly enlarged islet size with increased β-cell area and proliferation. MIP-βIRKO pancreata also displayed significantly increased Igf-2 protein level and Akt activity with a reduction in phospho-p53 when compared to control littermates. Islet vascular formation and Vegf-a protein level was significantly increased in MIP-βIRKO pancreata.Our results demonstrate a developmental role for the β-cell IR, whereby its loss leads to an islet compensatory overgrowth, and contributes further information towards elucidating the temporally sensitive signaling during β-cell commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Trinder
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liangyi Zhou
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Oakie
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Riopel
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rennian Wang
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Du Y, Li H, Chen B, Lai H, Li X, Chen T. Selenadiazole derivatives antagonize glucocorticoid-induced osteoblasts cells apoptosis by blocking ROS-mediated signaling, a new anti-osteoporosis strategy. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01306j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate that synthetic selenadiazole derivatives could protect osteoblasts cells against Dex-induced cell apoptosisviaattenuating oxidative stress and downstream signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Du
- Orthopedics Department
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guangzhou 510120
- China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Bolai Chen
- Orthopedics Department
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Guangzhou 510120
- China
| | - Haoqiang Lai
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
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13
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Den Hartigh LJ, Omer M, Goodspeed L, Wang S, Wietecha T, O'Brien KD, Han CY. Adipocyte-Specific Deficiency of NADPH Oxidase 4 Delays the Onset of Insulin Resistance and Attenuates Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obesity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 37:466-475. [PMID: 28062496 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase in adipose tissue during the development of obesity. We previously showed that in response to excess nutrients like glucose and palmitate, adipocytes generated ROS via NADPH oxidase (NOX) 4, the major adipocyte isoform, instead of using mitochondrial oxidation. However, the role of NOX4-derived ROS in the development of whole body insulin resistance, adipocyte inflammation, and recruitment of macrophages to adipose tissue during the development of obesity is unknown. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, control C57BL/6 mice and mice in which NOX4 has been deleted specifically in adipocytes were fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. During the development of obesity in control mice, adipocyte NOX4 and pentose phosphate pathway activity were transiently increased. Primary adipocytes differentiated from mice with adipocytes deficient in NOX4 showed resistance against high glucose or palmitate-induced adipocyte inflammation. Mice with adipocytes deficient in NOX4 showed a delayed onset of insulin resistance during the development of obesity, with an initial reduction in adipose tissue inflammation that normalized with prolonged high-fat, high-sucrose feeding. CONCLUSIONS These findings imply that NOX4-derived ROS may play a role in the onset of insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. As such, therapeutics targeting NOX4-mediated ROS production could be effective in preventing obesity-associated conditions, such as insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Den Hartigh
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence (L.J.D.H., M.O., L.G., S.W., C.Y.H.) and Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Mohamed Omer
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence (L.J.D.H., M.O., L.G., S.W., C.Y.H.) and Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Leela Goodspeed
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence (L.J.D.H., M.O., L.G., S.W., C.Y.H.) and Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Shari Wang
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence (L.J.D.H., M.O., L.G., S.W., C.Y.H.) and Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Tomasz Wietecha
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence (L.J.D.H., M.O., L.G., S.W., C.Y.H.) and Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Kevin D O'Brien
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence (L.J.D.H., M.O., L.G., S.W., C.Y.H.) and Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Chang Yeop Han
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence (L.J.D.H., M.O., L.G., S.W., C.Y.H.) and Division of Cardiology (T.W., K.D.O.), University of Washington, Seattle.
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14
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Qi D, Wang Q, Li H, Zhang T, Lan R, Kwong DWJ, Wong WK, Wong KL, Li S, Lu F. SILAC-based quantitative proteomics identified lysosome as a fast response target to PDT agent Gd-N induced oxidative stress in human ovarian cancer IGROV1 cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:3059-67. [PMID: 26331702 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00497g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems have developed an intact network and strategies in response to various environmental pressures such as irradiation, viral invasion and oxidative stress. Therefore, elucidation of the cellular response mechanism toward oxidative stress can contribute to the knowledge of redox regulation. By using a newly developed gadolinium based photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent Gd-N and SILAC quantified proteomic analysis, we observed 485 proteins dysregulated in expression, 106 in phosphorylation and 1050 in oxidation. Interestingly, lysosome was discovered as the main organelle affected by Gd-N induced singlet oxygen, along with the down regulation of a majority of lysosomal acid hydrolases and proton pump complex ATP6V/TCIRG1. Besides, phosphorylation sites with sequence patterns "TP" or "SP" were enriched in dysregulated phosphoproteins. Protein oxidation also shows sequence patterns in target proteins with "M.D" or "KM" taking methionine as the central residue. Oxidized proteins were most enriched in the pathways of Parkinson's disease, an oxidative stress closely related neurodegenerative disease. In conclusion, our study reveals new insights into the cellular mechanism to oxidative stress and may contribute to the discovery of new targets and development of novel PDT agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Qi
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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15
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Scioli MG, Bielli A, Gentile P, Cervelli V, Orlandi A. Combined treatment with platelet-rich plasma and insulin favours chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in three-dimensional collagen scaffolds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2398-2410. [PMID: 27074878 DOI: 10.1002/term.2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral lesions due to injury or other pathology commonly result in the development of osteoarthritis and progressive joint destruction. Bioengineered scaffolds are widely studied for regenerative surgery strategies in osteochondral defect management, also combining the use of stem cells, growth factors and hormones. The utility in tissue engineering of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated from adipose tissue has been widely noted. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) represents an alternative strategy in regenerative medicine for the local release of endogenous growth factors and hormones. Here we compared the effects of three-dimensional (3D) collagen type I scaffold culture and combined treatment with PRP and human recombinant insulin on the chondro-/osteogenic differentiation of ASCs. Histochemical and biomolecular analyses demonstrated that chondro-/osteogenic differentiation was increased in ASC-populated 3D collagen scaffolds compared with two-dimensional (2D) plastic dish culture. Chondro-/osteogenic differentiation was further enhanced in the presence of combined PRP (5% v/v) and insulin (100 nm) treatment. In addition, chondro-/osteogenic differentiation associated with the contraction of ASC-populated 3D collagen scaffold and increased β1/β3-integrin expression. Inhibition studies demonstrated that PRP/insulin-induced chondro-/osteogenic differentiation is independent of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling; IGF-R1/mTOR inhibition even enhanced ASC chondro-/osteogenic differentiation. Our findings underline that 3D collagen scaffold culture in association with platelet-derived growth factors and insulin favour the chondro-/osteogenic differentiation of ASCs, suggesting new translational applications in regenerative medicine for the management of osteochondral defects. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Institute of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Institute of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Gentile
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Cervelli
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Institute of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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16
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Bielli A, Scioli MG, Mazzaglia D, Doldo E, Orlandi A. Antioxidants and vascular health. Life Sci 2015; 143:209-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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Molecular Pathways Regulating Macrovascular Pathology and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotype in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24353-68. [PMID: 26473856 PMCID: PMC4632754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease reaching a pandemic proportion in developed countries and a major risk factor for almost all cardiovascular diseases and their adverse clinical manifestations. T2DM leads to several macrovascular and microvascular alterations that influence the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are fundamental players in macrovascular alterations of T2DM patients. VSMCs display phenotypic and functional alterations that reflect an altered intracellular biomolecular scenario of great vessels of T2DM patients. Hyperglycemia itself and through intraparietal accumulation of advanced glycation-end products (AGEs) activate different pathways, in particular nuclear factor-κB and MAPKs, while insulin and insulin growth-factor receptors (IGFR) are implicated in the activation of Akt and extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2. Nuclear factor-κB is also responsible of increased susceptibility of VSMCs to pro-apoptotic stimuli. Down-regulation of insulin growth-factor 1 receptors (IGFR-1R) activity in diabetic vessels also influences negatively miR-133a levels, so increasing apoptotic susceptibility of VSMCs. Alterations of those bimolecular pathways and related genes associate to the prevalence of a synthetic phenotype of VSMCs induces extracellular matrix alterations of great vessels. A better knowledge of those biomolecular pathways and related genes in VSMCs will help to understand the mechanisms leading to macrovascular alterations in T2DM patients and to suggest new targeted therapies.
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18
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Orlandi A. The contribution of resident vascular stem cells to arterial pathology. Int J Stem Cells 2015; 8:9-17. [PMID: 26019750 PMCID: PMC4445704 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc.2015.8.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Intimal accumulation of smooth muscle cells contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis following endovascular procedures. Arterial smooth muscle cells display heterogeneous phenotypes in both physiological and pathological conditions. In response to injury, dedifferentiated or synthetic smooth muscle cells proliferate and migrate from the tunica media into the intima. As a consequence, smooth muscle cells in vascular lesions show a prevalent dedifferentiated phenotype compared to the contractile appearance of normal media smooth muscle cells. The discovery of abundant stem antigen-expressing cells in vascular lesions also rarely detected in the tunica media of normal adult vessels stimulated a great scientific debate concerning the possibility that proliferating vascular wall-resident stem cells accumulate into the neointima and contribute to the progression of lesions. Although several experimental studies support this hypothesis, others researchers suggest a positive effect of stem cells on plaque stabilization. So, the real contribute of vascular wall-resident stem cells to pathological vascular remodelling needs further investigation. This review will examine the evidence and the contribution of vascular wall-resident stem cells to arterial pathobiology, in order to address future investigations as potential therapeutic target to prevent the progression of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology Institute, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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19
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Ma Y, Li W, Yin Y, Li W. AST IV inhibits H₂O₂-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell apoptosis by suppressing Nox4 expression through the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1667-74. [PMID: 25891879 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell apoptosis plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of vascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4)-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) aggregation is the main cause of vascular endothelial cell apoptosis. The transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad2 signaling pathway is involved in the apoptosis of several types of cells. However, the association between vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and Nox4, and the involvement of the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway in vascular endothelial cell apoptosis remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of Nox4-dependent ROS production and to determine the involvement of the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway in endothelial cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress which causes vascular injury in DM. We demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increased Nox4-dependent-ROS aggregation, as well as the expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Bax and caspase-3, decreased Bcl-2 expression and increased the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment with diphenyliodonium (DPI), a specific inhibitor of Nox4 or astragaloside IV (AST IV), a monomer located in an extract of astragaloside, decreased Nox4 expression and the levels of ROS, decreased TGF-β1 and Smad2 expression, altered the expression of apoptosis-related genes and decreased the apoptosis of HUVECs. Treatment with LY2109761, a selective inhibitor of the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway, produced results similar to those of DPI; however, LY2109761 had no effect on Nox4 expression and ROS levels. Taken together, the findings of the present study suggest that H2O2 contributes to HUVEC apoptosis by inducing Nox4-dependent ROS aggregation and activating the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway. Our data indicate that the protective effects of AST IV against vascular endothelial cell apoptosis in DM are mainly associated with the decrease in Nox4 expression through the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the inhibition of the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway may be another potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Weizu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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20
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Savi M, Bocchi L, Fiumana E, Karam JP, Frati C, Bonafé F, Cavalli S, Morselli PG, Guarnieri C, Caldarera CM, Muscari C, Montero-Menei CN, Stilli D, Quaini F, Musso E. Enhanced engraftment and repairing ability of human adipose-derived stem cells, conveyed by pharmacologically active microcarriers continuously releasing HGF and IGF-1, in healing myocardial infarction in rats. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3012-25. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monia Savi
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Leonardo Bocchi
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Emanuela Fiumana
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Karam
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna Italy
- UMR S-1066 F-49933; LUNAM University; Angers France
- INSERM U1066; MINT “Micro Et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques” F-49933; Angers France
| | - Caterina Frati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Parma; Via A. Gramsci 14 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Francesca Bonafé
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Stefano Cavalli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Parma; Via A. Gramsci 14 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Paolo G. Morselli
- Department of Specialist; Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Carlo Guarnieri
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Claudio M. Caldarera
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Claudio Muscari
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Claudia N. Montero-Menei
- UMR S-1066 F-49933; LUNAM University; Angers France
- INSERM U1066; MINT “Micro Et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques” F-49933; Angers France
| | - Donatella Stilli
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A 43124 Parma Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
| | - Federico Quaini
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Parma; Via A. Gramsci 14 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Ezio Musso
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A 43124 Parma Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
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