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Murugan AK, Al-Hindi H, Alzahrani AS. LncRNA GAS8-AS1 dinucleotide genetic variant n.713A>G, n.714T>C is associated with early-stage disease, lymph node, and distant metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2024; 85:1278-1288. [PMID: 38580894 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in the epigenetic regulation of various key genes involved in vital cellular functions. A somatic dinucleotide mutation in the lncRNA GAS8-AS1 was reported in Chinese papillary thyroid cancer. However, GAS8-AS1 dinucleotide alteration and its impact have never been explored in differentiated thyroid cancers and other populations. METHODS We extracted genomic DNA from 265 DTCs and 97 normal healthy subjects, PCR amplified and Sanger sequenced to examine the GAS8-AS1 dinucleotide alteration. Calculated genotype/allele frequency to test Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) and performed a genetic model of inheritance to determine its association with DTC risk. Correlated the GAS8-AS1 dinucleotide variant distribution with clinical characteristics to find the association. Predicted GAS8-AS1 RNA secondary structure for wild type and variant using RemuRNA and RNAfold to assess the conformational changes. RESULTS GAS8-AS1 dinucleotide alteration (n.713A > G, rs55742939; n.714T > C, rs61118444) identified in DTCs is a germline variant not somatic. The GAS8-AS1 genotype and allele frequency significantly deviated for HWE in DTCs (χ2 = 37.954; p = 0.0001) though not associated with its risk. Dinucleotide variant distribution was remarkably associated with early-stage disease (p = 0.002), lymph node (p = 0.01), and distant metastasis (p = 0.01) in DTCs. The GAS8-AS1 bearing dinucleotide variant markedly showed conformational change compared to that of its wild type. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that GAS8-AS1 is genetically deregulated and implicated in several stages of DTC tumorigenesis suggesting it could be a promising prognostic biomarker in DTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Division of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hindi Al-Hindi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Division of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.
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Wang X, Song X, Ma Y, Yang J, Gao J, Wang T, Xu G, Chang X, Shi S, Sun R, Song G. miR-504 knockout regulates tumor cell proliferation and immune cell infiltration to accelerate oral cancer development. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00126-7. [PMID: 38871233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
miR-504 plays a pivotal role in the progression of oral cancer. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive in vivo. Here, we find that miR-504 is significantly down-regulated in oral cancer patients. We generate miR-504 knockout mice (miR-504-/-) using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to investigate its impact on the malignant progression of oral cancer under exposure to 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO). We show that the deletion of miR-504 does not affect phenotypic characteristics, body weight, reproductive performance, and survival in mice, but results in changes in the blood physiological and biochemical indexes of the mice. Moreover, with 4NQO treatment, miR-504-/- mice exhibit more pronounced pathological changes characteristic of oral cancer. RNA sequencing shows that the differentially expressed genes observed in samples from miR-504-/- mice with oral cancer are involved in regulating cell metabolism, cytokine activation, and lipid metabolism-related pathways. Additionally, these differentially expressed genes are significantly enriched in lipid metabolism pathways that influence immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment, thereby accelerating tumor development progression. Collectively, our results suggest that knockout of miR-504 accelerates malignant progression in 4NQO-induced oral cancer by regulating tumor cell proliferation and lipid metabolism, affecting immune cell infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xiaona Song
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yunhui Ma
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Junting Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jiping Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xiaoqi Chang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Shuxuan Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, China.
| | - Guohua Song
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
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Wang Y, Song Y, Liu Z, Li J, Wang G, Pan H, Zheng Z. miR‑149‑3p suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of glioma cells by targeting the CBX2/Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:562. [PMID: 37954123 PMCID: PMC10632954 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-149-3p/chromobox 2 (CBX2)/Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the proliferation and metastasis of glioma cells. The expression and clinical significance of miR-149-3p and CBX2 were analyzed using data from public databases. Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were performed to measure cell proliferation. Transwell assays were used to assess cell invasion. The results showed that miR-149-3p was downregulated and CBX2 was upregulated in glioma, and that the downregulated expression of miR-149-3p promoted the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells. In addition, downregulated expression of CBX2 suppressed the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells. Dual-luciferase assay indicated that CBX2 is a target gene of miR149-3p. The possible molecular mechanism of CBX2 was probed by western blotting, which showed that it may further affect the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These present findings demonstrated that miR-149-3p may function as a tumor suppressor miRNA by directly regulating CBX2 and serve important roles in the malignancy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yanqun Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Heze City, Heze, Shandong 274031, P.R. China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Tai'an, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Junmin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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Fan H, Zhou D, Zhang X, Jiang M, Kong X, Xue T, Gao L, Lu D, Tao C, Wang L. hsa_circRNA_BECN1 acts as a ceRNA to promote polycystic ovary syndrome progression by sponging the miR-619-5p/Rab5b axis. Mol Hum Reprod 2023; 29:gaad036. [PMID: 37882757 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disease that affects women of reproductive age. It is also a significant cause of infertility. Circular RNAs have been found to have a crucial role in the development and progression of reproductive system diseases. In this study, we focused on circ_BECN1 and aimed to investigate its role and mechanism in PCOS, providing a foundation for early diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Our findings revealed an upregulation of circ_BECN1 expression in the ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) of PCOS patients. Additionally, the silencing of circ_BECN1 resulted in inhibited proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of the human ovarian granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN), therefore implicating circ_BECN1 in the cell cycle process. Through a dual-luciferase reporting assay, we determined that circ_BECN1 acts as a sponge for miR-619-5p and that Rab5b is the target gene of miR-619-5p. Moreover, the expression of Rab5b was found to be upregulated in the ovarian tissue of PCOS patients. Knocking down circ_BECN1 resulted in decreased Rab5b expression, which was then restored by using a miR-619-5p inhibitor. Additionally, rescue experiments demonstrated that overexpressing Rab5b reversed the effects of circ_BECN1 knockdown on cell proliferation and apoptosis in KGN cells. In summary, our findings indicate that circ_BECN1 is upregulated in PCOS GCs and promotes cell growth and cell cycle progression, and reduces cell apoptosis by modulating the miR-619-5p/Rab5b axis. Therefore, circ_BECN1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Fan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dongjie Zhou
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- California Excellent Fertility (CEF), Anaheim, CA, USA
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tongmin Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chenyue Tao
- School of Nursing School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Biobank, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Gu H, Li T, Beeraka NM, Zheng Y, Zhang X, Song R, Zhou R, Wang X, Sukocheva O, Fan R, Liu J. Molecular classification of human papilloma virus-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: Cell cycle-based classifier and prognostic signature. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286414. [PMID: 37903125 PMCID: PMC10615317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular classification of human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) remains questionable. Differentially expressed genes were detected between tumor and normal tissues and GSEA showed they are associated with cell cycle pathways. This study aimed to classify HPV-negative HNSCCs based on cell cycle-related genes. The established gene pattern was correlated with tumor progression, clinical prognosis, and drug treatment efficacy. Biological analysis was performed using HNSCC patient sample data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. All samples included in this study contained survival information. RNA sequencing data from 740 samples were used for the analysis. Previously characterized cell cycle-related genes were included for unsupervised consensus clustering. Two subtypes of HPV-negative HNSCCs (C1, C2) were identified. Subtype C1 displayed low cell cycle activity, 'hot' tumor microenvironment (TME), earlier N stage, lower pathological grade, better prognosis, and higher response rate to the immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Subtype C2 was associated with higher cell cycle activity, 'cold' TME, later N stage, higher pathological grade, worse prognosis, and lower response rate to the treatment. According to the nearest template prediction method, classification rules were established and verified. Our work explored the molecular mechanism of HPV-negative HNSCCs in the view of cell cycle and might provide new sights for personalized anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingxuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Narasimha M. Beeraka
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER), Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Yufei Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xintan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixia Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Runze Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Olga Sukocheva
- Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Mehterov N, Sacconi A, Pulito C, Vladimirov B, Haralanov G, Pazardjikliev D, Nonchev B, Berindan-Neagoe I, Blandino G, Sarafian V. A novel panel of clinically relevant miRNAs signature accurately differentiates oral cancer from normal mucosa. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1072579. [PMID: 36531016 PMCID: PMC9753689 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1072579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although a considerable body of knowledge has been accumulated regarding the early diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), its survival rates have not improved over the last decades. Thus, deciphering the molecular mechanisms governing oral cancer will support the development of even better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Previous studies have linked aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) with the development of OSCC. METHODS We combined bioinformatical and molecular methods to identify miRNAs with possible clinical significance as biomarkers in OSCC. A set of 10 miRNAs were selected via an in silico approach by analysing the 3'untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of cancer-related mRNAs such as FLRT2, NTRK3, and SLC8A1, TFCP2L1 and etc. RT-qPCR was used to compare the expression of in silico identified miRNAs in OSCC and normal tissues (n=32). RESULTS Among the screened miRNAs, miR-21-5p (p < 0.0001), miR-93-5p (p < 0.0197), miR-146b-5p (p <0.0012), miR-155-5p (p < 0.0001), miR-182-5p (p < 0.0001) were significantly overexpressed, whereas miR-133b (p < 0.05) was significantly downregulated in OSCC tissues, a scenario confirmed in two additional OSCC validation cohorts: Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRE cohort, N=74) and The Cancer Genome Atlas Data Portal (TCGA cohort, N=354). Initial stage tumors (T1, T2) expressed significantly higher levels of miR-133b (p < 0.0004) compared to more advanced ones (T3, T4). Also, we identified miR-93-5p (p < 0.0003), miR-133b (p < 0.0017) and miR-155-5p (p < 0.0004) as correlated with HPV-induced OSCC. The high expression of these 6 miRNAs as a signature predicted shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and could efficiently distinguish OSCC cases from healthy controls with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.91 with sensitivity and specificity of 0.98 and 0.6, respectively. Further target identification analysis revealed enrichment of genes involved in FOXO, longevity, glycan biosynthesis and p53 cancer-related signaling pathways. Also, the selected targets were underexpressed in OSCC tissues and showed clinical significance related to overall survival (OS) and DFS. DISCUSSION Our results demonstrate that a novel panel consisting of miR-21-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-133b, miR-146b-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-182-5p could be used as OSCC-specific molecular signature with diagnostic and prognostic significance related to OS and DFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Boyan Vladimirov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Haralanov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Boyan Nonchev
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Arora S, Singh P, Tabassum G, Dohare R, Syed MA. miR-495-3p regulates sphingolipid metabolic reprogramming to induce Sphk1/ceramide mediated mitophagy and apoptosis in NSCLC. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 189:71-84. [PMID: 35853537 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolism is the forefront area of cancer research, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully explored yet. Sphingolipid metabolites [ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)] are critical players in cell growth and apoptosis. Sphk1 is a key enzyme, catalyzing the phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P, favoring cell proliferation and survival. Contrarily, ceramide induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Sphk1 also exerts regulatory roles in numerous cellular processes, wherein microRNAs (miRNAs) play a momentous role. However, miR-mediated regulation of Sphk1 in Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), continues to be elusive. miR-495 is highly downregulated and worsens NSCLC prognosis. The present study demonstrates Sphk1 upregulation and poor prognosis in NSCLC. However, miR-495-3p directly targets Sphk1, and possesses tumor-suppressive roles by decreasing cell proliferation, wound healing, colony formation, LDH-A activity, and inducing G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest upon restoration. Besides, we also found ceramide accretion upon Sphk1 inhibition, leading to mitochondrial dysregulation. We found a cogent upregulation of Drp-1, PARK2 and LC3β, along with degradation of PINK1 and Mfn2, demonstrating an imbalance in mitochondrial fission/fusion and induction of mitophagy, even during PINK1 deficiency. Later, we found a reduction in mitochondrial energy homeostasis, mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS generation and ultimately initiation of apoptosis, upon miR-495-3p overexpression. Overall, we showed that miR-495-3p reprograms sphingolipid rheostat towards ceramide by targeting Sphk1 and induces lethal mitophagy to suppress NSCLC tumorigenesis. The study identified a miR-mediated mechanism of sphingolipid reprogramming that could be beneficial in designing novel therapeutic strategies for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Arora
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Gulnaz Tabassum
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Kannan S, Kannan Murugan A, Balasubramaniam S, Kannan Munirajan A, Alzahrani AS. Gliomas: Genetic alterations, mechanisms of metastasis, recurrence, drug resistance, and recent trends in molecular therapeutic options. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115090. [PMID: 35577014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial tumor with poor treatment outcomes and has high morbidity and mortality. Various studies on genomic analyses of glioma found a variety of deregulated genes with somatic mutations including TERT, TP53, IDH1, ATRX, TTN, etc. The genetic alterations in the key genes have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in gliomagenesis by modulating important signaling pathways that alter the fundamental intracellular functions such as DNA damage and repair, cell proliferation, metabolism, growth, wound healing, motility, etc. The SPRK1, MMP2, MMP9, AKT, mTOR, etc., genes, and noncoding RNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, etc) were shown mostly to be implicated in the metastases of glioma. Despite advances in the current treatment strategies, a low-grade glioma is a uniformly fatal disease with overall median survival of ∼5-7 years while the patients bearing high-grade tumors display poorer median survival of ∼9-10 months mainly due to aggressive metastasis and therapeutic resistance. This review discusses the spectrum of deregulated genes, molecular and cellular mechanisms of metastasis, recurrence, and its management, the plausible causes for the development of therapy resistance, current treatment options, and the recent trends in malignant gliomas. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and advances in molecular genetics would aid in the novel diagnosis, prognosis, and translation of pathogenesis-based treatment opportunities which could pave the way for precision medicine in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth Kannan
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE UK
| | - Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh - 11211 Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113 India
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh - 11211 Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh - 11211 Saudi Arabia
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9
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Wei L, Sun C, Zhang Y, Han N, Sun S. miR-503-5p inhibits colon cancer tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis by directly downregulating VEGF-A. Gene Ther 2022; 29:28-40. [PMID: 32533103 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-0167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered important in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. But the mechanism of their role in colon cancer is still largely unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the function of miR-503-5p in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. This study analyzed miRNA microarray of colon cancer. Then, we performed EdU, CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell invasion assays and in vivo assays to explore the exact role of miR-503-5p in colon cancer. We observed considerable downregulation of miR-503-5p expression in colon cancer cells and tissues and significant correlation with the TNM stage, differentiation grade and lymph node metastasis of colon cancer. Overexpression of miR-503-5p promoted the apoptosis and G1 arrest of colon cancer cells, and inhibited migration, proliferation, invasion and colony formation. Interestingly, ectopic miR-503-5p overexpression could significantly inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A expression and reduce the activity of a luciferase reporter containing the VEGF-A 3'-untranslated region. Furthermore, overexpressed miR-503-5p in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and colon cancer cells resulted in lower expression levels of VEGFR-2, and subsequently inhibited AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, overexpression of miR-503-5p suppressed both lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in vivo and significantly inhibited the tumorigenicity of HT-29 cells in nude mice. In summary, our study shows downregulation of miR-503-5p at least partially contributes to the tumorigenesis of colon cancer through modulating the angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by targeting VEGF-A while stimulating AKT signaling pathways. Therapeutic strategies to restore miR-503-5p in colon cancer could be useful to inhibit tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wei
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China.
| | - Chaonan Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaotian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Shichen Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
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10
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Knockdown circular RNA circGFRA1 inhibits glioma cell proliferation and migration by upregulating microRNA-99a. Neuroreport 2021; 32:748-756. [PMID: 33994521 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most widespread and malignant brain tumor in the central nervous system of adult, causing multiple cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Here, we identified the impact of circGFRA1 on glioma, and aimed to uncover the underlying molecular mechanism. The expression of circGFRA1 of glioma specimens was evaluated by using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Cell viability, proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis and migration were estimated utilizing CCK-8, EdU staining, colony formation assay, TUNEL staining and Transwell assay, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay and RNA co-immunoprecipitation was utilized for verification of direct binding between circGFRA1 and miR-99a. Western blot was applied to investigate protein expression in U251 cells. The results showed that circGFRA1 expression was overexpressed in glioma specimens. Knockdown circGFRA1 declined viability, colony formation, proliferation and migrative potential, but enhanced U251 cell apoptosis. Moreover, circGFRA1 acts as a microRNA sponge for miR-99a. Furthermore, miR-99a was involved in the circGFRA1-regulated glioma cell behaviors. Silencing circGFRA1 reduced p/t-AKT, p/t-FOXO1 and p/t-mTOR expression levels via upregulating miR-99a expression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that knockdown circGFRA1 inhibits glioma cell proliferation and migration by upregulating microRNA-99a.
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11
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Song A, Wu Y, Chu W, Yang X, Zhu Z, Yan E, Zhang W, Zhou J, Ding X, Liu J, Zhu H, Ye J, Wu Y, Zheng Y, Song X. Involvement of miR-619-5p in resistance to cisplatin by regulating ATXN3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:430-447. [PMID: 33613103 PMCID: PMC7893581 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.54014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are major post-transcriptional regulators responsible for the development of human cancers, including OSCC. The specific role of miR-619-5p in OSCC, however, is rarely reported. Cisplatin is one of the mostly applied chemotherapy drugs of OSCC. Nevertheless, drug resistance of cisplatin following the initial chemotherapy largely restricts its clinical benefits, and the mechanism of cisplatin resistance is unclear. This study intends to explore the biological function of miR-619-5p in the development of cisplatin resistance in OSCC cell lines and a xenograft model, as well as the potential molecular mechanism. Our results showed that miR-619-5p was down-regulated in OSCC samples and cisplatin-resistant OSCC cells. Ectopically expressed miR-619-5p inhibited proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of OSCC cisplatin-resistant cells. The putative target gene ATXN3 was predicted by bioinformatic analysis and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Importantly, ATXN3 was responsible for the regulatory effects of miR-619-5p on biological behaviors of cisplatin-resistant OSCC cells. Moreover, miR-619-5p mimics and ATXN3-siRNA significantly enhanced ATXN3 knockdown in both HN6/CDDPR and CAL27/CDDPR cells and inhibited expression of PI3K and AKT. In vivo evidences demonstrated that intratumoral injection of miR-619-5p agomir remarkably slowed down the growth of OSCC in xenograft mice. Collectively, microRNA-619-5p was the vital regulator for regulating cisplatin resistance of OSCC, which may be served as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Chu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 21200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zaiou Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Enshi Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhai Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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12
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Effect of photodynamic therapy on expression of HRAS, NRAS and caspase 3 genes at mRNA levels, apoptosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102142. [PMID: 33307231 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on expression of CASP3, NRAS and HRAS genes at mRNA levels, and apoptosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to complete the present in vitro study, HNSCC cell line (NCBI C196 HN5) purchased from Pasteur Institute. Cells were divided into four groups; Group 1: photodynamic treatment (laser + methylene blue (MB) as photosensitizer), group 2: MB, group 3: laser (with 660 nm wavelength), and group 4: control (without any treatment). To determine the optimal concentration of MB, in a pilot study, toxicity of MB in different concentration was assessed using MTT assay. Cells in group 1, 2 and 3 was treated at optimal concentration of MB (1.6 μg/mL). Gene expression at mRNA levels was assessed after 24 h incubation, using real-time (qRT)-PCR. The expression of BAX and BCL2 genes at the mRNA levels was analyzed to evaluate apoptosis. 2-ΔΔCt values of BCL2, BAX, CASP3, NRAS, and HRAS in groups was analyzed using ANOVA. Tukey's HSD and Games Howell test was used to compare between two groups. RESULTS Over-expression of BAX (p < 0.001), CASP3 (p < 0.001) and down-regulation of BCL2 (p = 0.004), HRAS (p = 0.023) and NRAS (p = 0.045) were noted in group 1 (PDT), compared with the control group. Treatment by laser alone induce down-regulation of CASP3 (p < 0.05), BAX (p < 0.05), BCL2 (p > 0.05), HRAS (p > 0.05) and NRAS (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION PDT caused down-regulation of NRAS, HRAS and BCL2 and over-expression of CASP3 and BAX genes at mRNA levels in HNSCC cell line. The present study raises the possibility that the role of MB on BCL2 down-regulation and BAX and CASP3 over-expression was higher than laser alone while it seems that laser alone was more effective than MB in HRAS and NRAS down-regulation.
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13
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Zhao X, Cui L. A robust six-miRNA prognostic signature for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8799-8811. [PMID: 32342519 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a major health problem worldwide. We aimed to identify a robust microRNA (miRNA)-based signature for predicting HNSCC prognosis. The miRNA expression profiles of HNSCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The TCGA HNSCC cohort was randomly divided into the discovery and validation cohort. A miRNA-based prognostic signature was built up based on TGCA discovery cohort, and then further validated. The downstream targets of prognostic miRNAs were subjected to functional enrichment analyses. The role of miR-1229-3p, a prognosis-related miRNA, in tumorigenesis of HNSCC was further evaluated. A total of 305 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were found between HNSCC samples and normal tissues. A six-miRNA prognostic signature was constructed, which exhibited a strong association with overall survival (OS) in the TCGA discovery cohort. In addition, these findings were successfully confirmed in TCGA validation cohort and our own independent cohort. The miRNA-based signature was demonstrated as an independent prognostic indicator for HNSCC. A risk signature-based nomogram model was constructed and showed good performance for predicting the OS for HNSCC. The functional analyses revealed that the downstream targets of these prognostic miRNAs were closely linked to cancer progression. Mechanistically, in vitro analysis revealed that miR-1229-3p played a tumor promoting role in HNSCC. In conclusion, our study has developed a robust miRNA-based signature for predicting the prognosis of HNSCC with high accuracy, which will contribute to improve the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Cui
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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14
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Moghadasi M, Alivand M, Fardi M, Moghadam KS, Solali S. Emerging molecular functions of microRNA-124: Cancer pathology and therapeutic implications. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152827. [PMID: 31983567 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are characterized as small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules that bind to their target mRNA to prevent protein synthesis. MicroRNAs regulate various normal processes; however, they are aberrantly regulated in many cancers. They control the expression of various genes, including cancer-related genes. This causes microRNAs to be considered as a good target for further investigations for designing novel therapeutic strategies. Since miR124 is known for some time already, it has a tumor-suppressing role in various cancers. Numerous studies indicate its definite roles in malignant processes such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell cycle arrest, metastasis, cancer stem cell formation and induction of apoptosis. However, some studies have indicated a dual role for miR-124 in oncogenic processes like autophagy and multi-drug resistance. In this article, we will review recent researches on the biological functions and clinical implications of miR-124. Subsequently, we will discuss future perspectives in terms of the roles of this miRNA in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moghadasi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Fardi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Solali
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Wang L, Chen W, Zha J, Yan Y, Wei Y, Chen X, Zhu X, Ge L. miR‑543 acts as a novel oncogene in oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting CYP3A5. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:973-990. [PMID: 31322243 PMCID: PMC6667884 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that can act as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes in human cancer. Previous studies have revealed that abnormal expression of miRNAs is closely associated with tumor cell cycle, differentiation, growth and apoptosis. miR-543 is expressed abnormally in a wide variety of cancers and has been associated with cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion; however, the effect of miR-543 remains unknown in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the present study, the expression level of miR-543 in OSCC cell lines and tissues was investigated by RT-qPCR. A series of experiments was then performed to elucidate the functions of miR-543 in OSCC, such as CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, cell cycle distribution assay and cell apoptosis assay and Transwell assay. miR-543 expression was significantly upregulated in tumors from patients with OSCC and in OSCC cell lines. Overexpression of miR-543 promoted the proliferation, invasion and migration of OSCC cell lines, and inhibited cell apoptosis. In addition, the present study identified cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 5 (CYP3A5) as a direct target of miR-543 using software analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that miR-543 acts as a tumor promoter and serves a vital role in OSCC proliferation and invasion. These results confirm that miR-543 may serve as a potential novel target for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zha
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
| | - Yongyong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
| | - Xili Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
| | - Linhu Ge
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, P.R. China
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16
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Murugan AK, Grieco M, Tsuchida N. RAS mutations in human cancers: Roles in precision medicine. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:23-35. [PMID: 31255772 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ras proteins play a crucial role as a central component of the cellular networks controlling a variety of signaling pathways that regulate growth, proliferation, survival, differentiation, adhesion, cytoskeletal rearrangements and motility of a cell. Almost, 4 decades passed since Ras research was started and ras genes were originally discovered as retroviral oncogenes. Later on, mutations of the human RAS genes were linked to tumorigenesis. Genetic analyses found that RAS is one of the most deregulated oncogenes in human cancers. In this review, we summarize the pioneering works which allowed the discovery of RAS oncogenes, the finding of frequent mutations of RAS in various human cancers, the role of these mutations in tumorigenesis and mutation-activated signaling networks. We further describe the importance of RAS mutations in personalized or precision medicine particularly in molecular targeted therapy, as well as their use as diagnostic and prognostic markers as therapeutic determinants in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Department of Molecular Cellular Oncology and Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549 Japan.
| | - Michele Grieco
- DiSTABiF, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100 Italy
| | - Nobuo Tsuchida
- Department of Molecular Cellular Oncology and Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549 Japan.
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17
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Zheng X, Wu K, Liao S, Pan Y, Sun Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Xia S, Hu Y, Zhang J. MicroRNA-transcription factor network analysis reveals miRNAs cooperatively suppress RORA in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:79. [PMID: 30293994 PMCID: PMC6174157 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents over 90% of oral cancer incidence, while its mechanisms of tumorigenesis remain poorly characterized. In this study, we applied RNA-seq and microRNA-seq methodologies in four pairs of cancer and adjacent normal tissues to profile the contribution of miRNAs to tumorigenesis-altered functional pathways by constructing a comprehensive miRNA-mediated mRNA regulatory network. There were 213 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and 2172 DE mRNAs with the involvement of negative miRNA-mRNA interactions identified by at least two pairs of cancerous tissues. GO analysis revealed that the upregulated microRNAs significantly contributed to a global down-regulation of a number of transcription factors (TFs) in OSCC. Among the negative regulatory networks between the selected miRNAs (133) and TFs (167), circadian rhythm genes (RORA, RORB, RORC, and CLOCK) simultaneously regulated by multiple microRNAs were of particular interest. For instance, RORA transcript was predicted to be targeted by 25 co-upregulated miRNAs, of which, miR-503-5p, miR-450b-5p, miR-27a-3p, miR-181a-5p and miR-183-5p were further validated to directly target RORA, resulting in a stronger effect on RORA suppression together. In addition, we showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of RORα were significantly decreased in most OSCC samples, associated with advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis. RORα significantly suppressed the proliferation of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Attenuated RORα decreased p53 protein expression and suppressed p53 phosphorylation activity. Altogether, our results strongly suggest the importance of the role of miRNAs in regulating the activity of circadian rhythm-related TFs network during OSCC tumorigenesis, and provide further clues to understand the clinical link between circadian rhythm and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kejing Wu
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
| | - Shengjie Liao
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China.,Laboratory for Genome Regulation and Human Health, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
| | - Yuemei Pan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinming Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China.,Laboratory for Genome Regulation and Human Health, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
| | - Shu Xia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaying Hu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei_MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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18
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Zhao Y, Ling Z, Hao Y, Pang X, Han X, Califano JA, Shan L, Gu X. MiR-124 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 and its downstream signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25005-25020. [PMID: 28212569 PMCID: PMC5421905 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
By analyzing the expression profile of microRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), we found that the expression level of miR-124 was 4.59-fold lower in tumors than in normal tissues. To understand its functions, we generated a miR-124-expressing subline (JHU-22miR124) and a mock vector-transfected subline (JHU-22vec) by transfecting the mimic of miR-124 into JHU-22 cancer cells. Restored expression of miR-124 in JHU-22miR124 cells led to reduced cell proliferation, delayed colony formation, and decreased tumor growth, indicating a tumor-suppressive effect of miR-124. Subsequent target search revealed that the 3′-UTR of SphK1 mRNA carries a complementary site for the seed region of miR-124. SphK1 was also detected to be overexpressed in HNSCC cell lines, but down-expressed in JHU-22miR124 cells and tumor xenografts. These results suggest that SphK1 is a target of miR-124. To confirm this finding, we constructed a 3′-UTR-Luc-SphK1 vector and a binding site-mutated luciferase reporter vector. Co-transfection of 3′-UTR-Luc-SphK1 with miR-124 expression vector exhibited a 9-fold decrease in luciferase activity compared with mutated vector, suggesting that miR-124 inhibits SphK1 activity directly. Further studies on downstream signaling demonstrated accumulation of ceramide, increased expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax, BAD and PARP, decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and enhanced expression of cytochrome c and caspase proteins in JHU-22miR124 compared with JHU-22vec cells and tumor xenografts. We conclude that miR-124 acts as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC by directly inhibiting SphK1 activity and its downstream signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Ling
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yubin Hao
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xiaowu Pang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph A Califano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Liang Shan
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xinbin Gu
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington DC, USA.,Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
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19
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Gong W, Xiao Y, Wei Z, Yuan Y, Qiu M, Sun C, Zeng X, Liang X, Feng M, Chen Q. Toward the use of precision medicine for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2141-2152. [PMID: 27924064 PMCID: PMC5356787 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine is a new strategy that aims at preventing and treating human diseases by focusing on individual variations in people's genes, environment and lifestyle. Precision medicine has been used for cancer diagnosis and treatment and shows evident clinical efficacy. Rapid developments in molecular biology, genetics and sequencing technologies, as well as computational technology, has enabled the establishment of "big data", such as the Human Genome Project, which provides a basis for precision medicine. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer with a high incidence rate and low survival rate. Current therapies are often aggressive and carry considerable side effects. Much research now indicates that precision medicine can be used for HNSCC and may achieve improved results. From this perspective, we present an overview of the current status, potential strategies, and challenges of precision medicine in HNSCC. We focus on targeted therapy based on cell the surface signaling receptors epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), and on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT3 and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK cellular signaling pathways. Gene therapy for the treatment of HNSCC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yandi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chongkui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinhua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingye Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Murugan AK, Munirajan AK, Alzahrani AS. Long noncoding RNAs: emerging players in thyroid cancer pathogenesis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:R59-R82. [PMID: 29146581 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer continues to be the most common malignancy of endocrine glands. The incidence of thyroid cancer has risen significantly over the past 4 decades and has emerged as a major health issue. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of thyroid carcinogenesis, resulting in significant diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications; yet, it has not reached a satisfactory level. Identifying novel molecular therapeutic targets and molecules for diagnosis and prognosis is expected to advance the overall management of this common malignancy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in the regulation of various key cellular genes involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion mainly through modulation of gene expression. Recent studies have established that lncRNAs are deregulated in thyroid cancer. In this review, we discuss extensively the tumor-suppressive (for example, LINC00271, MEG3, NAMA, PTCSC1/2/3, etc.) and oncogenic (for example, ANRIL, FAL1, H19, PVT1, etc.) roles of various lncRNAs and their possible disease associations implicated in thyroid carcinogenesis. We briefly summarize the strategies and mechanisms of lncRNA-targeting agents. We also describe the potential role of lncRNAs as prospective novel therapeutic targets, and diagnostic and prognostic markers in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Division of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- Department of GeneticsDr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, India
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Division of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cao M, Zheng L, Liu J, Dobleman T, Hu S, Go VLW, Gao G, Xiao GG. MicroRNAs as effective surrogate biomarkers for early diagnosis of oral cancer. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:571-581. [PMID: 29299731 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OC) are life-threatening diseases emerging as major international health concerns. OBJECTIVE Development of an efficient clinical strategy for early diagnosis of the disease is a key for reducing the death rate. Biomarkers are proven to be an effective approach for clinical diagnosis of cancer. Although mechanisms underlying regulation of oral malignancy are still unclear, microRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of small non-coded RNAs may be developed as the effective biomarkers used for early detection of oral cancer. METHODS A literature search was conducted using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The following search terms were used: miRNAs and oral cancer or oral carcinoma. A critical appraisal of the included studies was performed with upregulated miRNAs and downregulated miRNAs in oral cancer. RESULTS In this review, we summarize the research progress made in miRNAs for diagnosis of oral cancer. The involvement of miRNAs identified in signal transduction pathways in OC, including Ras/MAPK signaling, PI3K/AKT signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Notch signaling, and TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS A number of studies demonstrated that miRNAs may be developed as an ideal set of biomarkers used for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancers because of the stability in human peripheral blood and body fluids and availability of non-invasive approaches being developed for clinical utility. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings suggest that miRNAs as biomarkers may be useful for diagnosis of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Lijuan Zheng
- Geriatric Department of Stomatology, Dalian Stomatology Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Jianzhou Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Thomas Dobleman
- Genomics and Functional Proteomics Laboratories, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Vay Liang W Go
- UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 900 Veteran Avenue, Warren Hall 13-146, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1786, USA
| | - Ge Gao
- Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Gary Guishan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. .,Genomics and Functional Proteomics Laboratories, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA. .,UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 900 Veteran Avenue, Warren Hall 13-146, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1786, USA.
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Ma Q, Peng Z, Wang L, Li Y, Wang K, Zheng J, Liang Z, Liu T. miR-19a correlates with poor prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients via promoting cell proliferation and suppressing PTEN/SMAD4 expression. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2589-2599. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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