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Zhang J, Li Z, Han J, Tian Z, Meng Q, Niu W. KLF7 enhances the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells via the miR-139-5p/TPD52 axis. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2385172. [PMID: 39097779 PMCID: PMC11299624 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2385172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of Krüppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell invasion and migration. The expression pattern of KLF7 in CRC tissues and the correlation between KLF7 expression and clinical symptoms of CRC were analyzed. CRC cell lines were transfected with si-KLF7, followed by qRT-PCR or western blot detection of KLF7, miR-139-5p, and tumor protein D52 (TPD52) expression, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay to detect cell viability, and transwell detection of invasion and migration. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyzed the enrichment KLF7 in the miR-139-5p promoter. The dual-luciferase reporter assay verified the binding relationship between KLF7 and miR-139-5p, and between miR-139-5p and TPD52. In the subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiment, tumor growth was observed and ki67-positive expression was detected. KLF7 is abundantly expressed in CRC cells KLF7 silencing inhibits CRC cell viability, invasion, and migration. KLF7 represses miR-139-5p expression by binding to the miR-139-5p promoter. miR-139-5p targets TPD52 expression. miR-13-5p inhibition or TPD52 overexpression partially counteracted the effect of KLF7 silencing in CRC cells. KLF7 silencing suppresses tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, KLF7 suppresses miR-139-5p expression by binding to the miR-139-5p promoter, thereby upregulating TPD52 expression and enhancing CRC cell invasion and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of External Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhihan Li
- Department of External Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaxu Han
- Department of External Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhongtao Tian
- Department of External Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingyu Meng
- Department of External Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenbo Niu
- Department of External Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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2
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Li Y, Liu L. UKLF/PCBP2 axis governs the colorectal cancer development by transcriptionally activating SLC39A4. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119755. [PMID: 38768927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors with limited treatment options. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate new therapeutic targets against CRC. Ubiquitous Kruppel-like factor (UKLF) is involved in various cancer processes, but its effect and detailed molecular mechanism in CRC are not yet fully understood. Here, this study aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of UKLF in the development of CRC. The results showed that UKLF was highly expressed in CRC tissues from clinical patients and its high expression was related to poor prognosis. UKLF promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis. The promotion effect of UKLF on tumor growth was further confirmed in vivo. As far as the mechanism was concerned, poly (C) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) was verified to bind to the 3'-UTR of UKLF mRNA and enhance its mRNA stability. Moreover, UKLF modulated the expression of solute carrier family 39 member 4 (SLC39A4) at the transcriptional level. Taken together, these findings elucidated the regulatory mechanism of UKLF and uncovered the importance of the PCBP2/UKLF/SLC39A4 pathway. The targeting of UKLF may be a novel direction for molecular-targeted CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunze Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, China.
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3
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Domingo E, Rathee S, Blake A, Samuel L, Murray G, Sebag-Montefiore D, Gollins S, West N, Begum R, Richman S, Quirke P, Redmond K, Chatzipli A, Barberis A, Hassanieh S, Mahmood U, Youdell M, McDermott U, Koelzer V, Leedham S, Tomlinson I, Dunne P, Buffa FM, Maughan TS. Identification and validation of a machine learning model of complete response to radiation in rectal cancer reveals immune infiltrate and TGFβ as key predictors. EBioMedicine 2024; 106:105228. [PMID: 39013324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is uncertain which biological features underpin the response of rectal cancer (RC) to radiotherapy. No biomarker is currently in clinical use to select patients for treatment modifications. METHODS We identified two cohorts of patients (total N = 249) with RC treated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy (45Gy/25) plus fluoropyrimidine. This discovery set included 57 cases with pathological complete response (pCR) to chemoradiotherapy (23%). Pre-treatment cancer biopsies were assessed using transcriptome-wide mRNA expression and targeted DNA sequencing for copy number and driver mutations. Biological candidate and machine learning (ML) approaches were used to identify predictors of pCR to radiotherapy independent of tumour stage. Findings were assessed in 107 cases from an independent validation set (GSE87211). FINDINGS Three gene expression sets showed significant independent associations with pCR: Fibroblast-TGFβ Response Signature (F-TBRS) with radioresistance; and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CL) expression signature and consensus molecular subtype CMS1 with radiosensitivity. These associations were replicated in the validation cohort. In parallel, a gradient boosting machine model comprising the expression of 33 genes generated in the discovery cohort showed high performance in GSE87211 with 90% sensitivity, 86% specificity. Biological and ML signatures indicated similar mechanisms underlying radiation response, and showed better AUC and p-values than published transcriptomic signatures of radiation response in RC. INTERPRETATION RCs responding completely to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) have biological characteristics of immune response and absence of immune inhibitory TGFβ signalling. These tumours may be identified with a potential biomarker based on a 33 gene expression signature. This could help select patients likely to respond to treatment with a primary radiotherapy approach as for anal cancer. Conversely, those with predicted radioresistance may be candidates for clinical trials evaluating addition of immune-oncology agents and stromal TGFβ signalling inhibition. FUNDING The Stratification in Colorectal Cancer Consortium (S:CORT) was funded by the Medical Research Council and Cancer Research UK (MR/M016587/1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Domingo
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sanjay Rathee
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Andrew Blake
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Leslie Samuel
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Graeme Murray
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | | | - Simon Gollins
- North Wales Cancer Treatment Centre, Besti Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bodelwyddan, Denbighshire, LL18 5UJ, UK
| | - Nicholas West
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Rubina Begum
- Cancer Research & University College London Clinica Trial Unit, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Richman
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Phil Quirke
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Keara Redmond
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 9AE, UK
| | | | - Alessandro Barberis
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sylvana Hassanieh
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Umair Mahmood
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Michael Youdell
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | | - Viktor Koelzer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Oncology and Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Leedham
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Philip Dunne
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 9AE, UK
| | - Francesca M Buffa
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK; Department of Computing Sciences, Bocconi University, Bocconi Institute for Data Science and Analytics (BIDSA), Milano, Italy.
| | - Timothy S Maughan
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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4
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Liu Y, Shi J, Liu W, Tang Y, Shu X, Wang R, Chen Y, Shi X, Jin J, Li D. A deep neural network predictor to predict the sensitivity of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216641. [PMID: 38232812 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) is widely used for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This study aimed to conduct an effective model to predict NCRT sensitivity and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Biomarkers for NCRT sensitivity were identified by applying transcriptome profiles using logistic regression and subsequently screened out by Spearman correlation analysis and four machine learning algorithms. A deep neural network (DNN) predictor was constructed by using in-house dataset and validated in two independent datasets. Additionally, a web-based program was developed. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and linoleic acid metabolism (LA) pathways were associated with NCRT sensitivity and prognosis in LARC, antagonistically. A DNN predictor with an 18-gene signature was conducted within in-house datasets. In two validation cohorts, area under ROC curve (AUC) achieved 0.706 and 0.897. The DNN subtypes were significantly associated with NCRT sensitivity, survival status et al. Moreover, NK and cytotoxic T cells were observed contribution to NCRT sensitivity while regulatory T, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and dysfunction of CD4 T effector memory cells could impede NCRT response. A DNN predictor could predict NCRT sensitivity in LARC and stratify LARC patients with different clinical and immunity characteristic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Jinming Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wenyang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xingmei Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ranjiaxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China.
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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5
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Liu D, Tian H, Li H, Nie J, Han Z, Tang G, Gao P, Cheng H, Dai X. Radiotherapy Resistance of 3D Bioprinted Glioma via ITGA2/p-AKT Signaling Pathway. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303394. [PMID: 38288911 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Due to the inherent radiation tolerance, patients who suffered from glioma frequently encounter tumor recurrence and malignant progression within the radiation target area, ultimately succumbing to treatment ineffectiveness. The precise mechanism underlying radiation tolerance remains elusive due to the dearth of in vitro models and the limitations associated with animal models. Therefore, a bioprinted glioma model is engineered, characterized the phenotypic traits in vitro, and the radiation tolerance compared to 2D ones when subjected to X-ray radiation is assessed. By comparing the differential gene expression profiles between the 2D and 3D glioma model, identify functional genes, and analyze distinctions in gene expression patterns. Results showed that 3D glioma models exhibited substantial alterations in the expression of genes associated with the stromal microenvironment, notably a significant increase in the radiation tolerance gene ITGA2 (integrin subunit A2). In 3D glioma models, the knockdown of ITGA2 via shRNA resulted in reduced radiation tolerance in glioma cells and concomitant inhibition of the p-AKT pathway. Overall, 3D bioprinted glioma model faithfully recapitulates the in vivo tumor microenvironment (TME) and exhibits enhanced resistance to radiation, mediated through the ITGA2/p-AKT pathway. This model represents a superior in vitro platform for investigating glioma radiotherapy tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Haotian Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Huaixu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jianyu Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Department of Medical Imaging Technology, the First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Guozhang Tang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, the Second Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xingliang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Department of Research & Development, East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao, Jiangxi, 334000, China
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Jacobs J, Iranpour R, Behrooz AB, da Silva Rosa SC, Ghavami S. The role of BCL2L13 in glioblastoma: turning a need into a target. Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 102:127-134. [PMID: 37988705 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common aggressive central nervous system cancer. GBM has a high mortality rate, with a median survival time of 12-15 months after diagnosis. A poor prognosis and a shorter life expectancy may result from resistance to standard treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy. Temozolomide has been the mainstay treatment for GBM, but unfortunately, there are high rates of resistance with GBM bypassing apoptosis. A proposed mechanism for bypassing apoptosis is decreased ceramide levels, and previous research has shown that within GBM cells, B cell lymphoma 2-like 13 (BCL2L13) can inhibit ceramide synthase. This review aims to discuss the causes of resistance in GBM cells, followed by a brief description of BCL2L13 and an explanation of its mechanism of action. Further, lipids, specifically ceramide, will be discussed concerning cancer and GBM cells, focusing on ceramide synthase and its role in developing GBM. By gathering all current information on BCL2L13 and ceramide synthase, this review seeks to enable an understanding of these pieces of GBM in the hope of finding an effective treatment for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joadi Jacobs
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Rosa Iranpour
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Research Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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7
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Li Y, Wang B, Ma F, Jiang D, Wang Y, Li K, Tan S, Feng J, Wang Y, Qin Z, Xu G, Tian S, Zhang X, Xu C, Wu J, Xu J, Hou Y, Ding C. Proteomic characterization of the colorectal cancer response to chemoradiation and targeted therapies reveals potential therapeutic strategies. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101311. [PMID: 38086380 PMCID: PMC10772406 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Chemoradiation and targeted therapies are the major treatments for colorectal cancer (CRC); however, molecular properties associated with therapy resistance are incompletely characterized. Here, we profile the proteome of 254 tumor tissues from patients with CRC undergoing chemotherapy, chemoradiation, or chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy. Proteome-based classification reveals four subtypes featured with distinct biological and therapeutic characteristics. The integrative analysis of CRC cell lines and clinical samples indicates that immune regulation is significantly associated with drug sensitivity. HSF1 can increase DNA damage repair and cell cycle, thus inducing resistance to radiation, while high expression of HDAC6 is negatively associated with response of cetuximab. Furthermore, we develop prognostic models with high accuracy to predict the therapeutic response, further validated by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assay in an independent validation cohort. This study provides a rich resource for investigating the mechanisms and indicators of chemoradiation and targeted therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fahan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dongxian Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Subei Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhaoyu Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ganfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sha Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jiaxue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Chen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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8
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You GR, Cheng AJ, Shen EYL, Fan KH, Huang YF, Huang YC, Chang KP, Chang JT. MiR-630 Promotes Radioresistance by Induction of Anti-Apoptotic Effect via Nrf2-GPX2 Molecular Axis in Head-Neck Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2853. [PMID: 38132173 PMCID: PMC10741482 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) ranks among the top ten prevalent cancers worldwide. Radiotherapy stands as a pivotal treatment component for HNC; however, radioresistance in cancerous cells often leads to local recurrence, becoming a substantial factor in treatment failure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are compact, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNAs to inhibit protein translation. Although several studies have indicated that the dysregulation of miRNAs is intricately linked with malignant transformation, understanding this molecular family's role in radioresistance remains limited. This study determined the role of miR-630 in regulating radiosensitivity in HNC. We discovered that miR-630 functions as an oncomiR, marked by its overexpression in HNC patients, correlating with a poorer prognosis. We further delineated the malignant function of miR-630 in HNC cells. While it had a minimal impact on cell growth, the miR-630 contributed to radioresistance in HNC cells. This result was supported by decreased cellular apoptosis and caspase enzyme activities. Moreover, miR-630 overexpression mitigated irradiation-induced DNA damage, evidenced by the reduced levels of the γ-H2AX histone protein, a marker for double-strand DNA breaks. Mechanistically, the overexpression of miR-630 decreased the cellular ROS levels and initiated Nrf2 transcriptional activity, resulting in the upregulation of the antioxidant enzyme GPX2. Thus, this study elucidates that miR-630 augments radioresistance by inducing an anti-apoptotic effect via the Nrf2-GPX2 molecular axis in HNC. The modulation of miR-630 may serve as a novel radiosensitizing target for HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Rung You
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (G.-R.Y.); (A.-J.C.)
| | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (G.-R.Y.); (A.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (E.Y.-L.S.); (K.-H.F.)
| | - Eric Yi-Liang Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (E.Y.-L.S.); (K.-H.F.)
| | - Kang-Hsing Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (E.Y.-L.S.); (K.-H.F.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236017, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Huang
- Department of General Dentistry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LinKou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Joseph T. Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan; (E.Y.-L.S.); (K.-H.F.)
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
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9
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Guan B, Xu M, Zheng R, Guan G, Xu B. Novel biomarkers to predict treatment response and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1099. [PMID: 37953237 PMCID: PMC10642053 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11354-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify genes associated with treatment response and prognosis for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). METHODS In our cohort, gene expression profiles of 64 tumor biopsy samples before NCRT were examined and generated. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to identify gene modules. External validation datasets included GSE3493, GSE119409, and GSE133057. The expression of candidate genes was evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). TIMER was used to assess immune infiltration. RESULTS We identified and validated the capability to predict the treatment response of CCT5 and ELF1 using our data and external validation datasets. The trends of survival differences of candidate genes in the GSE133057 dataset were similar to our cohort. High levels of CCT5 and ELF1 expression were associated with NCRT resistance and poor prognosis. Furthermore, the expression of CCT5 and ELF1 were also assessed in 117 LARC patients' samples by the IHC method. Based on IHC results and Cox analysis, the risk score model with CCT5 and ELF1 was constructed and performed well. The risk score was an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival and overall survival in LARC patients and was then used to build nomogram models. The underlying mechanisms of CCT5 and ELF1 were explored using gene set enrichment analysis. The underlying pathway including apoptosis, cell cycle, and other processes. CCT5 and ELF1 expressions were significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSION CCT5 and ELF1 were determined as biomarkers for treatment response and prognosis in LARC patients. The risk score model and nomograms helped predict treatment response and survival outcomes for LARC patients undergoing NCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meifang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Radiology and Radiotherapy of Fujian Province (Digestive, Hematological and Breast Malignancies), Fuzhou, China.
| | - Guoxian Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Benhua Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Radiology and Radiotherapy of Fujian Province (Digestive, Hematological and Breast Malignancies), Fuzhou, China.
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10
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Wang J, Chen A, Xue Z, Liu J, He Y, Liu G, Zhao Z, Li W, Zhang Q, Chen A, Wang J, Li X, Wang X, Huang B. BCL2L13 promotes mitophagy through DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission in glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:585. [PMID: 37660127 PMCID: PMC10475114 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Previous studies have shown that BCL2 like 13 (BCL2L13) is a member of the BCL2 family regulating cell growth and apoptosis in different types of tumors. However, the clinical significance, biological role, and potential mechanism in GBM remain unexplored. In this study, we showed that BCL2L13 expression is significantly upregulated in GBM cell lines and clinical GBM tissue samples. Mechanistically, BCL2L13 targeted DNM1L at the Ser616 site, leading to mitochondrial fission and high mitophagy flux. Functionally, these alterations significantly promoted the proliferation and invasion of GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our findings demonstrated that BCL2L13 plays a significant role in promoting mitophagy via DNM1L-mediated mitochondrial fission in GBM. Therefore, the regulation and biological function of BCL2L13 render it a candidate molecular target for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Anbin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Ying He
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guowei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Anjing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China.
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250117, Jinan, China.
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11
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Mohseni N, Ghaniee Zarich M, Afshar S, Hosseini M. Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Response to Preoperative Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer with Genetic Algorithm-Based Gene Selection. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:937-950. [PMID: 36534304 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00873-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conventional treatment for patients with locally advanced colorectal tumors is preoperative chemo-radiotherapy (PCRT) preceding surgery. This treatment strategy has some long-term side effects, and some patients do not respond to it. Therefore, an evaluation of biomarkers that may help predict patients' response to PCRT is essential. METHODS We took advantage of genetic algorithm to search the space of possible combinations of features to choose subsets of genes that would yield convenient performance in differentiating PCRT responders from non-responders using a logistic regression model as our classifier. RESULTS We developed two gene signatures; first, to achieve the maximum prediction accuracy, the algorithm yielded 39 genes, and then, aiming to reduce the feature numbers as much as possible (while maintaining acceptable performance), a 5-gene signature was chosen. The performance of the two gene signatures was (accuracy = 0.97 and 0.81, sensitivity = 0.96 and 0.83, and specificity = 86 and 0.77) using a logistic regression classifier. Through analyzing bias and variance decomposition of the model error, we further investigated the involved genes by discovering and validating another 28-gene signature which possibly points towards two different sub-systems involved in the response of the patients to treatment. CONCLUSIONS Using genetic algorithm as our gene selection method, we have identified two groups of genes that can differentiate PCRT responders from non-responders in patients of the studied dataset with considerable performance. IMPACT After passing standard requirements, our gene signatures may be applicable as a robust and effective PCRT response prediction tool for colorectal cancer patients in clinical settings and may also help future studies aiming to further investigate involved pathways gain a clearer picture for the course of their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Mohseni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lund University, Skåne, Sweden
| | | | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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12
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Marinkovic M, Stojanovic-Rundic S, Stanojevic A, Ostojic M, Gavrilovic D, Jankovic R, Maksimovic N, Stroggilos R, Zoidakis J, Castellví-Bel S, Fijneman RJA, Cavic M. Exploring novel genetic and hematological predictors of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1245594. [PMID: 37719698 PMCID: PMC10501402 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1245594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). To select patients who would benefit the most from nCRT, there is a need for predictive biomarkers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of clinical, pathological, radiological, inflammation-related genetic, and hematological parameters in the prediction of post-nCRT response. Materials and methods: In silico analysis of published transcriptomics datasets was conducted to identify candidate genes, whose expression will be measured using quantitative Real Time PCR (qRT-PCR) in pretreatment formaline-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples. In this study, 75 patients with LARC were prospectively included between June 2020-January 2022. Patients were assessed for tumor response in week 8 post-nCRT with pelvic MRI scan and rigid proctoscopy. For patients with a clinical complete response (cCR) and initially distant located tumor no immediate surgery was suggested ("watch and wait" approach). The response after surgery was assessed using histopathological tumor regression grading (TRG) categories from postoperative specimens by Mandard. Responders (R) were defined as patients with cCR without operative treatment, and those with TRG 1 and TRG 2 postoperative categories. Non-responders (NR) were patients classified as TRG 3-5. Results: Responders group comprised 35 patients (46.6%) and NR group 53.4% of patients. Analysis of published transcriptomics data identified genes that could predict response to treatment and their significance was assessed in our cohort by qRT-PCR. When comparison was made in the subgroup of patients who were operated (TRG1 vs. TRG4), the expression of IDO1 was significantly deregulated (p < 0.05). Among hematological parameters between R and NR a significant difference in the response was detected for neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (NMR), initial basophil, eosinophil and monocyte counts (p < 0.01). According to MRI findings, non-responders more often presented with extramural vascular invasion (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on logistic regression model, factors associated with favorable response to nCRT were tumor morphology and hematological parameters which can be easily and routinely derived from initial laboratory results (NMR, eosinophil, basophil and monocyte counts) in a minimally invasive manner. Using various metrics, an aggregated score of the initial eosinophil, basophil, and monocyte counts demonstrated the best predictive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Marinkovic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinic for Radiation Oncology and Diagnostics, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Suzana Stojanovic-Rundic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinic for Radiation Oncology and Diagnostics, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stanojevic
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ostojic
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dusica Gavrilovic
- Data Center, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Jankovic
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Rafael Stroggilos
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sergi Castellví-Bel
- Gastroenterology Department, Fundació Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Clínic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Milena Cavic
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Lim SH, Chua W, Ng W, Ip E, Marques TM, Tran NT, Gama-Carvalho M, Asghari R, Henderson C, Ma Y, de Souza P, Spring KJ. Circulating Tumour Cell Associated MicroRNA Profiles Change during Chemoradiation and Are Predictive of Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4184. [PMID: 37627212 PMCID: PMC10452825 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has traditionally been treated with trimodality therapy consisting of neoadjuvant radiation +/- chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy. There is currently a clinical need for biomarkers to predict treatment response and outcomes, especially during neoadjuvant therapy. Liquid biopsies in the form of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and circulating nucleic acids in particular microRNAs (miRNA) are novel, the latter also being highly stable and clinically relevant regulators of disease. We studied a prospective cohort of 52 patients with LARC, and obtained samples at baseline, during treatment, and post-treatment. We enumerated CTCs during chemoradiation at these three time-points, using the IsofluxTM (Fluxion Biosciences Inc., Alameda, CA, USA) CTC Isolation and detection platform. We then subjected the isolated CTCs to miRNA expression analyses, using a panel of 106 miRNA candidates. We identified CTCs in 73% of patients at baseline; numbers fell and miRNA expression profiles also changed during treatment. Between baseline and during treatment (week 3) time-points, three microRNAs (hsa-miR-95, hsa-miR-10a, and hsa-miR-16-1*) were highly differentially expressed. Importantly, hsa-miR-19b-3p and hsa-miR-483-5p were found to correlate with good response to treatment. The latter (hsa-miR-483-5p) was also found to be differentially expressed between good responders and poor responders. These miRNAs represent potential predictive biomarkers, and thus a potential miRNA-based treatment strategy. In this study, we demonstrate that CTCs are present and can be isolated in the non-metastatic early-stage cancer setting, and their associated miRNA profiles can potentially be utilized to predict treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie H. Lim
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (W.C.); (W.N.); (E.I.); (Y.M.); (P.d.S.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Wei Chua
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (W.C.); (W.N.); (E.I.); (Y.M.); (P.d.S.)
- Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Weng Ng
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (W.C.); (W.N.); (E.I.); (Y.M.); (P.d.S.)
- Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Emilia Ip
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (W.C.); (W.N.); (E.I.); (Y.M.); (P.d.S.)
- Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Tania M. Marques
- BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (T.M.M.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Nham T. Tran
- School Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Margarida Gama-Carvalho
- BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (T.M.M.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Ray Asghari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bankstown Hospital, Bankstown, NSW 2200, Australia;
| | | | - Yafeng Ma
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (W.C.); (W.N.); (E.I.); (Y.M.); (P.d.S.)
| | - Paul de Souza
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (W.C.); (W.N.); (E.I.); (Y.M.); (P.d.S.)
- Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Kevin J. Spring
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (W.C.); (W.N.); (E.I.); (Y.M.); (P.d.S.)
- Liverpool Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- South West Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
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14
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Slipsager A, Henrichsen SN, Falkmer UG, Dybkær K, Belting M, Poulsen LØ. Predictive biomarkers in radioresistant rectal cancer: a systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 186:103991. [PMID: 37059272 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer often consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. However, approximately 15% of patients show no response to this neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. This systematic review aimed to identify biomarkers of innate radioresistant rectal cancer. METHOD Through a systematic literature search, 125 papers were included and analyzed using ROBINS-I, a Cochrane risk of bias tool for non-randomized studies of interventions. Both statistically significant and nonsignificant biomarkers were identified. Biomarkers mentioned more than once in the results or biomarkers with a low or moderate risk of bias were included as the final results. RESULTS Thirteen unique biomarkers, three genetic signatures, one specific pathway, and two combinations of two or four biomarkers were identified. In particular, the connection between HMGCS2, COASY, and PI3K-pathway seems promising. Future scientific research should focus on further validating these genetic resistance markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Slipsager
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Sofie N Henrichsen
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ursula G Falkmer
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Karen Dybkær
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mattias Belting
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Laurids Ø Poulsen
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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15
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Pan X, Yi X, Lan M, Su X, Zhou F, Wu W. Research on the pathological mechanism of rectal adenocarcinoma based on DNA methylation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32763. [PMID: 36705386 PMCID: PMC9876001 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the 3 most common cancers worldwide. In this study, a weighted network-based analysis method was proposed to explore the pathological mechanisms and prognostic targets of rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) at the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation level. In this study, we downloaded clinical information and DNA methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differentially methylated gene analysis was used to identify the differential methylated genes in READ. Canonical correlation analysis was used to construct the weighted gene regulatory network for READ. Multilevel analysis and association analyses between gene modules and clinical information were used to mine key modules related to tumor metastasis evaluation. Genetic significance analysis was used to identify methylation sites in key modules. Finally, the importance of these methylation sites was confirmed using survival analysis. DNA methylation datasets from 90 cancer tissue samples and 6 paracancerous tissue samples were selected. A weighted gene regulatory network was constructed, and a multilevel algorithm was used to divide the gene co-expression network into 20 modules. From gene ontology enrichment analysis, characteristic M was related to biological processes such as the chemotaxis of fibroblast growth factors and the activation and regulation of immune cells etc and characteristic N was associated with the regulation of cytoskeleton formation, mainly microtubules and flagella, regulation of synapses, and regulation of cell mitosis. Based on the results of survival analysis, 7 key methylation sites were found closely correlated to the survival rate of READ, such as cg04441191 (microtubule-associated protein 4 [MAP4]), cg05658717 (KSR2), cg09622330 (GRIN2A), cg10698404 (YWHAG), cg17047993 (SPAG9), cg24504843 (CEP135), and cg24531267 (CEP250). Mutational and transcriptomic level studies revealed significant differences in DNA methylation, single nucleotide polymorphism, and transcript levels between YWHAG and MAP4 in normal tissues compared to tumor tissues, and differential expression of the 2 proteins in immunohistochemistry. Therefore, potential targeting drugs were screened for these 2 proteins for molecular docking, and artenimol was found to bind to MAP4 protein and 27-hydroxycholesterol to YWHAG. Our study found that key methylation sites played an important role in tumor metastasis and were associated with the prognosis of READ. Mutations and methylation may jointly regulate the transcription and translation of related genes, which in turn affect cancer progression. This may provide some new potential therapeutic targets and thoughts for the prognosis of READ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xingcheng Yi
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Maozhuo Lan
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Equipment Division, Zhijiang People’s Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * Correspondence: Wei Wu, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China (e-mail: )
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16
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Kataoka T. Biological properties of the BCL-2 family protein BCL-RAMBO, which regulates apoptosis, mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1065702. [PMID: 36589739 PMCID: PMC9800997 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1065702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in the regulation of cellular stress responses, including cell death. Damaged mitochondria are removed by fission and fusion cycles and mitophagy, which counteract cell death. BCL-2 family proteins possess one to four BCL-2 homology domains and regulate apoptosis signaling at mitochondria. BCL-RAMBO, also known as BCL2-like 13 (BCL2L13), was initially identified as one of the BCL-2 family proteins inducing apoptosis. Mitophagy receptors recruit the ATG8 family proteins MAP1LC3/GABARAP via the MAP1LC3-interacting region (LIR) motif to initiate mitophagy. In addition to apoptosis, BCL-RAMBO has recently been identified as a mitophagy receptor that possesses the LIR motif and regulates mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy. In the 20 years since its discovery, many important findings on BCL-RAMBO have been increasingly reported. The biological properties of BCL-RAMBO are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan,Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan,*Correspondence: Takao Kataoka,
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Emons G, Auslander N, Jo P, Kitz J, Azizian A, Hu Y, Hess CF, Roedel C, Sax U, Salinas G, Stroebel P, Kramer F, Beissbarth T, Grade M, Ghadimi M, Ruppin E, Ried T, Gaedcke J. Gene-expression profiles of pretreatment biopsies predict complete response of rectal cancer patients to preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:766-775. [PMID: 35597871 PMCID: PMC9381580 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and total mesorectal excision is the standard treatment for rectal cancer patients (UICC stage II/III). Up to one-third of patients treated with CRT achieve a pathological complete response (pCR). These patients could be spared from surgery and its associated morbidity and mortality, and assigned to a "watch and wait" strategy. However, reliably identifying pCR based on clinical or imaging parameters remains challenging. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We generated gene-expression profiles of 175 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer enrolled in the CAO/ARO/AIO-94 and -04 trials. One hundred and sixty-one samples were used for building, training and validating a predictor of pCR using a machine learning algorithm. The performance of the classifier was validated in three independent cohorts, comprising 76 patients from (i) the CAO/ARO/AIO-94 and -04 trials (n = 14), (ii) a publicly available dataset (n = 38) and (iii) in 24 prospectively collected samples from the TransValid A trial. RESULTS A 21-transcript signature yielded the best classification of pCR in 161 patients (Sensitivity: 0.31; AUC: 0.81), when not allowing misclassification of non-complete-responders (False-positive rate = 0). The classifier remained robust when applied to three independent datasets (n = 76). CONCLUSION The classifier can identify >1/3 of rectal cancer patients with a pCR while never classifying patients with an incomplete response as having pCR. Importantly, we could validate this finding in three independent datasets, including a prospectively collected cohort. Therefore, this classifier could help select rectal cancer patients for a "watch and wait" strategy. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE Forgoing surgery with its associated side effects could be an option for rectal cancer patients if the prediction of a pathological complete response (pCR) after preoperative chemoradiotherapy would be possible. Based on gene-expression profiles of 161 patients a classifier was developed and validated in three independent datasets (n = 76), identifying over 1/3 of patients with pCR, while never misclassifying a non-complete-responder. Therefore, the classifier can identify patients suited for "watch and wait".
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Emons
- Section of Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Noam Auslander
- Section of Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Jo
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Kitz
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Azadeh Azizian
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yue Hu
- Section of Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clemens F Hess
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radio-oncology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claus Roedel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sax
- Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- Transcriptome and Genome Analysis Laboratory (TAL), Department of Developmental Biochemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Stroebel
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Kramer
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Beissbarth
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marian Grade
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Ried
- Section of Cancer Genomics, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.
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18
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Pham TT, Lim S, Lin M. Predicting neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy response with functional imaging and liquid biomarkers in locally advanced rectal cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022; 22:1081-1098. [PMID: 35993178 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2114457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-invasive predictive quantitative biomarkers are required to guide treatment individualization in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) in order to maximise therapeutic outcomes and minimise treatment toxicity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and blood biomarkers have the potential to predict chemoradiotherapy (CRT) response in LARC. AREAS COVERED This review examines the value of functional imaging (MRI and PET) and liquid biomarkers (circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor nucleic acid (ctNA)) in the prediction of CRT response in LARC. Selected imaging and liquid biomarker studies are presented and the current status of the most promising imaging (apparent diffusion co-efficient (ADC), Ktrans, SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and liquid biomarkers (circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor nucleic acid (ctNA)) is discussed. The potential applications of imaging and liquid biomarkers for treatment stratification and a pathway to clinical translation are presented. EXPERT OPINION Functional imaging and liquid biomarkers provide novel ways of predicting CRT response. The clinical and technical validation of the most promising imaging and liquid biopsy biomarkers in multi-centre studies with harmonised acquisition techniques is required. This will enable clinical trials to investigate treatment escalation or de-escalation pathways in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Thanh Pham
- South West Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Liverpool NSW Australia 2170.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Liverpool Cancer Therapy Centre, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool NSW Australia 2170.,Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool NSW Australia 2170
| | - Stephanie Lim
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool NSW Australia 2170.,Department of Medical Oncology, Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre, Campbelltown Hospital, Campbelltown Australia 2560.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Sydney 2560
| | - Michael Lin
- South West Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Liverpool NSW Australia 2170.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Sydney 2560.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool NSW Australia 2170
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19
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Li J, Sun J, Liu Z, Zeng Z, Ouyang S, Zhang Z, Ma M, Kang W. The Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Radiotherapy of Gastrointestinal Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862563. [PMID: 35517505 PMCID: PMC9065280 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT), or radiation therapy, has been widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of local advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma. RT causes DNA double-strand breaks leading to cell cytotoxicity and indirectly damages tumor cells by activating downstream genes. Non-coding RNA (including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and circular RNAs) is a type of RNA that does not encode a protein. As the field of ncRNAs increasingly expands, new complex roles have gradually emerged for ncRNAs in RT. It has been shown that ncRNAs can act as radiosensitivity regulators in gastrointestinal carcinoma by affecting DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, irradiation-induced apoptosis, cell autophagy, stemness, EMT, and cell pyroptosis. Here, we review the complex roles of ncRNAs in RT and gastrointestinal carcinoma. We also discuss the potential clinical significance and predictive value of ncRNAs in response to RT for guiding the individualized treatment of patients. This review can serve as a guide for the application of ncRNAs as radiosensitivity enhancers, radioresistance inducers, and predictors of response in RT of gastrointestinal carcinoma.
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20
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Kattan SW, Hobani YH, Abubakr Babteen N, Alghamdi SA, Toraih EA, Ibrahiem AT, Fawzy MS, Faisal S. Association of B-cell lymphoma 2/microRNA-497 gene expression ratio score with metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer: A propensity-matched cohort analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24227. [PMID: 34994989 PMCID: PMC8841134 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deregulated microRNAs (miRs) significantly impact cancer development and progression. Our in silico analysis revealed that miR‐497 and its target gene B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (BCL2) could be related to poor cancer outcomes. Purpose To investigate the BCL2/miRNA‐497 expression ratio in colorectal cancer (CRC) and explore its association with the clinicopathological characteristics and CRC prognosis. Methods Archived samples from 106 CRC patients were enrolled. MiR‐497 and BCL2 gene expressions were detected by Taq‐Man Real‐Time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in propensity‐matched metastatic and nonmetastatic cohorts after elimination of confounder bias. Results B‐cell lymphoma‐2 gene was upregulated in metastatic samples (median = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.09–1.60) compared to nonmetastatic (median = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.89–1.25, p < 0.001). In contrast, lower levels of miR‐495 were detected in specimens with distant metastasis (median = 0.05, 95%CI = 0.04–0.20) than nonmetastatic samples (median = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.47–0.58, p < 0.001). Estimated BCL2/miR‐497 ratio yielded a significant differential expression between the two cohort groups. Higher scores were observed in metastasis group (median = 1.39, 95%CI = 0.9–1.51) than nonmetastatic patients (median = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.19–0.39, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed BCL2/miR‐497 ratio score to have the highest predictive accuracy for metastasis at presentation. The area under the curve was 0.90 (95%CI = 0.839–0.964, p < 0.001) at cut‐off of >0.525, with high sensitivity 81.1% (95%CI = 68.6%–89.4%) and specificity 92.5% (95%CI = 82.1%–97.0%). Also, the ratio score was negatively correlated with disease‐free survival (r = −0.676, p < 0.001) and overall survival times (r = −0.650, p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves showed lower survival rates in cohorts with high‐score compared to low‐score patients. Conclusion The BCL2/miR497 expression ratio is associated with poor CRC prognosis in terms of metastasis and short survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahad W Kattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya H Hobani
- Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Abubakr Babteen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Alghamdi
- Medical Genetics, Clinical Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Afaf T Ibrahiem
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Faisal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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21
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Chen W, Wang W. Serum hsa-miR-30e As a Potential Biomarker to Predict the Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:696-706. [PMID: 34788143 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify serum microRNAs (miRNAs) correlated with response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients using in silico analysis and laboratory validation studies. Methods: GSE68204 and GSE68204 data sets were analyzed to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in NCRT responders using the GEO2R Limma package within the R software suite. Then we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the upregulated target miRNAs in the serum of 20 LARC patients. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of serum miRNA level on response. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to predict the corresponding functions of the DE miRNAs. Correlation between the expression of the hub target genes and the abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was further investigated. Results: hsa-miR-30e and hsa-miR-210 were verified to be upregulated in tumor tissues of NCRT responders. Subsequent liquid-biopsy studies revealed that the serum level of miR-30e was associated with a 2.47-fold increased incidence of NCRT-responsive patients in comparison with nonresponders (p-value = 0.038, Mann-Whitney test). Nine hub target genes of hsa-miR-30e were enriched in pathways including immune regulation. The expression of these hub target genes was correlated with abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Conclusion: In summary, hsa-miR-30e was determined to be upregulated in rectal cancer tissues of NCRT-responders. Further investigations showed that increased serum levels of hsa-miR-30e were associated with an effective NCRT response in LARC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Abdominal Oncology, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Abdominal Oncology, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, China
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22
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Carvalho RF, do Canto LM, Cury SS, Frøstrup Hansen T, Jensen LH, Rogatto SR. Drug Repositioning Based on the Reversal of Gene Expression Signatures Identifies TOP2A as a Therapeutic Target for Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5492. [PMID: 34771654 PMCID: PMC8583090 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rectal cancer is a common disease with high mortality rates and limited therapeutic options. Here we combined the gene expression signatures of rectal cancer patients with the reverse drug-induced gene-expression profiles to identify drug repositioning candidates for cancer therapy. Among the predicted repurposable drugs, topoisomerase II inhibitors (doxorubicin, teniposide, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, and epirubicin) presented a high potential to reverse rectal cancer gene expression signatures. We showed that these drugs effectively reduced the growth of colorectal cancer cell lines closely representing rectal cancer signatures. We also found a clear correlation between topoisomerase 2A (TOP2A) gene copy number or expression levels with the sensitivity to topoisomerase II inhibitors. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9 and shRNA screenings confirmed that loss-of-function of the TOP2A has the highest efficacy in reducing cellular proliferation. Finally, we observed significant TOP2A copy number gains and increased expression in independent cohorts of rectal cancer patients. These findings can be translated into clinical practice to evaluate TOP2A status for targeted and personalized therapies based on topoisomerase II inhibitors in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark;
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Functional and Structural Biology—Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil;
| | - Luisa Matos do Canto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark;
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Sarah Santiloni Cury
- Department of Functional and Structural Biology—Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil;
| | - Torben Frøstrup Hansen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark; (T.F.H.); (L.H.J.)
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Lars Henrik Jensen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark; (T.F.H.); (L.H.J.)
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Silvia Regina Rogatto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark;
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
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23
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Xue Z, Yang S, Luo Y, Cai H, He M, Ding Y, Lei L, Peng W, Hong G, Guo Y. A 41-Gene Pair Signature for Predicting the Pathological Response of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:744295. [PMID: 34595195 PMCID: PMC8476893 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.744295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Pathological response status is a standard reference for the early evaluation of the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) on locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. Various patients respond differently to nCRT, but identifying the pathological response of LARC to nCRT remains a challenge. Therefore, we aimed to identify a signature that can predict the response of LARC to nCRT. Material and Methods: The gene expression profiles of 111 LARC patients receiving fluorouracil-based nCRT were used to obtain gene pairs with within-sample relative expression orderings related to pathological response. These reversal gene pairs were ranked according to the mean decrease Gini index provided by the random forest algorithm to obtain the signature. This signature was verified in two public cohorts of 46 and 42 samples, and a cohort of 33 samples measured at our laboratory. In addition, the signature was used to predict disease-free survival benefits in a series of colorectal cancer datasets. Results: A 41-gene pair signature (41-GPS) was identified in the training cohort with an accuracy of 84.68% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.94. In the two public test cohorts, the accuracy was 93.37 and 73.81%, with AUCs of 0.97 and 0.86, respectively. In our dataset, the AUC was 0.80. The results of the survival analysis show that 41-GPS plays an effective role in identifying patients who will respond to nCRT and have a better prognosis. Conclusion: The signature consisting of 41 gene pairs can robustly predict the clinical pathological response of LARC patients to nCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfa Xue
- School of Information Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China.,Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shuxin Yang
- School of Information Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hao Cai
- Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ming He
- Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Youping Ding
- Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Guini Hong
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - You Guo
- School of Information Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China.,Medical Big Data and Bioinformatics Research Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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24
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Momma T, Okayama H, Kanke Y, Fukai S, Onozawa H, Fujita S, Sakamoto W, Saito M, Ohki S, Kono K. Validation of Gene Expression-Based Predictive Biomarkers for Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184642. [PMID: 34572869 PMCID: PMC8467397 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery is widely used for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. However, response to nCRT varies substantially among patients, highlighting the need for predictive biomarkers that can distinguish non-responsive from responsive patients before nCRT. This study aimed to build novel multi-gene assays for predicting nCRT response, and to validate our signature and previously-reported signatures in multiple independent cohorts. METHODS Three microarray datasets of pre-therapeutic biopsies containing a total of 61 non-responders and 53 responders were used as the discovery cohorts to screen for genes that were consistently associated with nCRT response. The predictive values of signatures were tested in a meta-analysis using six independent datasets as the validation cohorts, consisted of a total of 176 non-responders and 99 responders. RESULTS We identified four genes, including BRCA1, GPR110, TNIK, and WDR4 in the discovery cohorts. Although our 4-gene signature and nine published signatures were evaluated, they were unable to predict nCRT response in the validation cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Although this is one of the largest studies addressing the validity of gene expression-based classifiers using pre-treatment biopsies from patients with rectal cancer, our findings do not support their clinically meaningful values to be predictive of nCRT response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Momma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Hirokazu Okayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-24-547-1259
| | - Yasuyuki Kanke
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Satoshi Fukai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Hisashi Onozawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Shotaro Fujita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Motonobu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Shinji Ohki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
- Hospital Director, Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, 2-1 Kamiyajiro, Shirakawa, Fukushima 961-0005, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.M.); (Y.K.); (S.F.); (H.O.); (S.F.); (W.S.); (M.S.); (S.O.); (K.K.)
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25
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Wei FZ, Mei SW, Wang ZJ, Chen JN, Shen HY, Zhao FQ, Li J, Xiao TX, Liu Q. Development and Validation of a Nomogram and a Comprehensive Prognostic Analysis of an LncRNA-Associated Competitive Endogenous RNA Network Based on Immune-Related Genes for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer With Neoadjuvant Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:697948. [PMID: 34350117 PMCID: PMC8327778 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.697948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive tract tumor worldwide. In recent years, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been the most comprehensive treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). In this study, we explored immune infiltration in rectal cancer (RC) and identified immune-related differentially expressed genes (IRDEGs). Then, we identified response markers in datasets in GEO databases by principal component analysis (PCA). We also utilized three GEO datasets to identify the up- and downregulated response-related genes simultaneously and then identified genes shared between the PCA markers and three GEO datasets. Based on the hub IRDEGs, we identified target mRNAs and constructed a ceRNA network. Based on the ceRNA network, we explored prognostic biomarkers to develop a prognostic model for RC through Cox regression. We utilized the specimen to validate the expression of the two biomarkers. We also utilized LASSO regression to screen hub IRDEGs and built a nomogram to predict the response of LARC patients to CRT. All of the results show that the nomogram and prognostic model offer good prognostic value and that the ceRNA network can effectively highlight the regulatory relationship. hsa-mir-107 and WDFY3-AS2 may be prognostic biomarkers for RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ze Wei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Wen Mei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Nan Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Yu Shen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Juan- Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ti-Xian Xiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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26
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Cho E, Jung SW, Park IJ, Jang JK, Park SH, Hong SM, Lee JL, Kim CW, Yoon YS, Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Improvement in the Assessment of Response to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and a Multigene Biomarker. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143480. [PMID: 34298695 PMCID: PMC8305437 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) is correlated with oncologic outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Accurate prediction of PCRT response before surgery can provide crucial information to aid clinicians in further treatment planning. This study aimed to develop an evaluation tool incorporating a genetic biomarker and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve the assessment of response in post-CRT patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. A total of 198 patients who underwent PCRT followed by surgical resection for locally advanced rectal cancer between 2010 and 2016 were included in this study. Each patient's response prediction index (RPI) score, a multigene biomarker developed in our previous study, and magnetic resonance tumor regression grade (mrTRG) score were added to create a new predictive value for pathologic response after PCRT, called the combined radiation prediction value (cRPV). Based on the new value, 121 and 77 patients were predicted to be good and poor responders, respectively, showing significantly different cRPV values (p = 0.001). With an overall predictive accuracy of 84.8%, cRPV was superior to mrTRG and RPI for the prediction of pathologic chemoradiotherapy response (mrTRG, 69.2%; RPI, 77.3%). In multivariate analysis, cRPV was found to be the sole predictor of tumor response (odds ratio, 32.211; 95% confidence interval, 14.408-72.011; p = 0.001). With its good predictive value for final pathologic regression, cRPV may be a valuable tool for assessing the response to PCRT before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhae Cho
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Sung Woo Jung
- Department of General Surgery, Good Morning Hospital, Pyeongtaek-si 17874, Korea;
| | - In Ja Park
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3010-3937
| | - Jong Keon Jang
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.K.J.); (S.H.P.)
| | - Seong Ho Park
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.K.J.); (S.H.P.)
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Jong Lyul Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Chan Wook Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Yong Sik Yoon
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (E.C.); (J.L.L.); (C.W.K.); (Y.S.Y.); (S.-B.L.); (C.S.Y.); (J.C.K.)
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27
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Patel J, Baptiste BA, Kim E, Hussain M, Croteau DL, Bohr VA. DNA damage and mitochondria in cancer and aging. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1625-1634. [PMID: 33146705 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Age and DNA repair deficiencies are strong risk factors for developing cancer. This is reflected in the comorbidity of cancer with premature aging diseases associated with DNA damage repair deficiencies. Recent research has suggested that DNA damage accumulation, telomere dysfunction and the accompanying mitochondrial dysfunction exacerbate the aging process and may increase the risk of cancer development. Thus, an area of interest in both cancer and aging research is the elucidation of the dynamic crosstalk between the nucleus and the mitochondria. In this review, we discuss current research on aging and cancer with specific focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer and aging as well as how nuclear to mitochondrial DNA damage signaling may be a driving factor in the increased cancer incidence with aging. We suggest that therapeutic interventions aimed at the induction of autophagy and mediation of nuclear to mitochondrial signaling may provide a mechanism for healthier aging and reduced tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimin Patel
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Beverly A Baptiste
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mansoor Hussain
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deborah L Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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28
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Meng F, Sun N, Liu D, Jia J, Xiao J, Dai H. BCL2L13: physiological and pathological meanings. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2419-2428. [PMID: 33201252 PMCID: PMC11073179 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03702-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BCL2L13 is a BCL2-like protein. It has been discovered for two decades, now on the way to be a hotspot of research with its physiological and pathological meanings found in recent years. Start with the pro-apoptotic activity, there have been reported consecutively that BCL2L13 could also induce mitochondrial fragmentation, inhibit cell death and promote mitophagy. Similar to BNIP3, BCL2L13 cannot be indiscriminately categorized into pro- or anti-apoptotic proteins. It anchors in the mitochondrial outer membrane, and expresses in various cells and tissues. This article reviews for the first time that BCL2L13 functions in physiological processes, such as growth and development and energy metabolism, and its dysregulation participating in pathological processes, including cancer, bacterial infection, cardiovascular diseases and degenerative diseases, suggesting its important roles in these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Naitong Sun
- Department of Hematology, the Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, China
| | - Dongyan Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Jia Jia
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
| | - Haiming Dai
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
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29
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Shang Y, Wang L, Zhu Z, Gao W, Li D, Zhou Z, Chen L, Fu CG. Downregulation of miR-423-5p Contributes to the Radioresistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 10:582239. [PMID: 33505907 PMCID: PMC7832584 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.582239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to radiotherapy is the main reason causing treatment failure in locally advanced rectal cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been well demonstrated to regulate cancer development and progression. However, how miRNAs regulate radiotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer remains unknown. Herein, we established two human colorectal cancer cell lines resistant to radiotherapy, named HCT116-R and RKO-R, using the strategy of fractionated irradiation. The radioresistant phenotypical changes of the two cell lines were validated by cell viability assay, colony formation assay and apoptosis assay. The miRNA expression profilings of HCT116-R and RKO-R were determined using RNA-seq analyses, and further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Multiple miRNAs, including miR-423-5p, miR-7-5p, miR-522-3p, miR-3184-3p, and miR-3529-3p, were identified with altered expression in both of the radiotherapy-resistant cells, compared to the parental cells. The downregulation of miR-423-5p was further validated in the rectal cancer tissues from radiotherapy-resistant patients. Silencing of miR-423-5p in parental HCT116 and RKO cells decreased the sensitivity to radiation treatment, and inhibited the radiation-induced apoptosis. In consistence, overexpression of miR-423-5p in HCT116-R and RKO-R cells partially rescued their sensitivity to radiotherapy, and promoted the radiation-induced apoptosis. Bcl-xL (Bcl-2-like protein 1) was predicted to be a potential target gene for miR-423-5p, and miR-423-5p/Bcl-xL axis could be a critical mediator of radiosensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. The current finding not only revealed a novel role of miR-423-5p in regulating the radiosensitivity in colorectal cancer, but also suggested miR-423-5p as a molecular candidate for combination therapy with radiation to treat colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shang
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingfei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhu
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuqing Zhou
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Gang Fu
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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30
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Machackova T, Trachtova K, Prochazka V, Grolich T, Farkasova M, Fiala L, Sefr R, Kiss I, Skrovina M, Dosoudil M, Berindan-Neagoe I, Svoboda M, Slaby O, Kala Z. Tumor microRNAs Identified by Small RNA Sequencing as Potential Response Predictors in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:249-257. [PMID: 32345666 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Rectal cancer accounts for approximately one-third of all colorectal cancers. Currently, the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil followed by curative surgery. Unfortunately, only 20% of patients with LARC present complete pathological response after CRT, whereas in 20-40% cases the response is poor or absent. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor biopsy specimen have the potential to predict therapeutic response in LARC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total 87 LARC patients treated by CRT were enrolled in our prospective study. To identify predictive miRNAs, we used small RNA sequencing in 40 tumor biopsy samples of LARC patients (20 responders, 20 non-responders) and qPCR validation of selected miRNA candidates. RESULTS In the discovery phase of the study, we identified 69 miRNAs to have significantly different expression between the group of responders (TRG 1,2) and a group of non-responders (TRG 4,5) to neoadjuvant CRT. Among these miRNAs, 48 showed a lower expression and 21 showed higher expression in tumor tissues from poorly responding LARC patients. Five miRNAs were selected for validation, but only miR-487a-3p was confirmed to have a significantly higher expression in the tumor biopsy specimens of non-responders to neoadjuvant CRT (p<0.0006, AUC=0.766). Gene Ontology (GO) clustering and pathway enrichment analysis of the miR-487a-3p mRNA targets, revealed potential mechanisms behind miR-487a-3p roles in chemoradioresistance (e.g. TGF-beta signaling pathway, protein kinase activity, double-stranded DNA binding, or microRNAs in cancer). CONCLUSION By combination of miRNA expression profiling and integrative computational biology we identified miR-487a-3p as a potential predictive biomarker of CRT response in LARC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tana Machackova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Trachtova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Grolich
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Farkasova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Fiala
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sefr
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Skrovina
- Department of Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin, Czech Republic.,Department of Surgery I, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dosoudil
- Department of Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin, Czech Republic
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marek Svoboda
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic .,Department of Pathology, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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31
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Guo ZW, Xiao WW, Yang XX, Yang X, Cai GX, Wang XJ, Han BW, Li K, Zhai XM, Li FX, Huang LM, Wu YS, Gao YH. Noninvasive prediction of response to cancer therapy using promoter profiling of circulating cell-free DNA. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e174. [PMID: 32997420 PMCID: PMC7507006 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Guo
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wei Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Xi Yang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geng-Xi Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Center of Molecular Diagnosis, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Bo-Wei Han
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- XGene Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Zhai
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen-Xia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Min Huang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Song Wu
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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32
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Pre-Existing Tumoral B Cell Infiltration and Impaired Genome Maintenance Correlate with Response to Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082227. [PMID: 32784964 PMCID: PMC7464257 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains a medical challenge. Reliable biomarkers to predict which patients will significantly respond to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) have not been identified. We evaluated baseline genomic and transcriptomic features to detect differences that may help predict response to nCRT. Eligible LARC patients received nCRT (3D-LCRT 50.4 Gy plus capecitabine 825 mg/m2/bid), preceded by three cycles of CAPOX in high systemic-relapse risk tumors, and subsequent surgery. Frozen tumor biopsies at diagnosis were sequenced using a colorectal cancer panel. Transcriptomic data was used for pathway and cell deconvolution inferential algorithms, coupled with immunohistochemical validation. Clinical and molecular data were analyzed according to nCRT outcome. Pathways related to DNA repair and proliferation (p < 0.005), and co-occurrence of RAS and TP53 mutations (p = 0.001) were associated with poor response. Enrichment of expression signatures related to enhanced immune response, particularly B cells and interferon signaling (p < 0.005), was detected in good responders. Immunohistochemical analysis of CD20+ cells validated the association of good response with B cell infiltration (p = 0.047). Findings indicate that the presence of B cells is associated with successful tumor regression following nCRT in LARC. The prevalence of simultaneous RAS and TP53 mutations along with a proficient DNA repair system that may counteract chemoradio-induced DNA damage was associated with poor response.
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33
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Park IJ, Yu YS, Mustafa B, Park JY, Seo YB, Kim GD, Kim J, Kim CM, Noh HD, Hong SM, Kim YW, Kim MJ, Ansari AA, Buonaguro L, Ahn SM, Yu CS. A Nine-Gene Signature for Predicting the Response to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040800. [PMID: 32225122 PMCID: PMC7226472 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) and subsequent surgery is the standard multimodal treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), albeit PCRT response varies among the individuals. This creates a dire necessity to identify a predictive model to forecast treatment response outcomes and identify patients who would benefit from PCRT. In this study, we performed a gene expression study using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor biopsy samples from 156 LARC patients (training cohort n = 60; validation cohort n = 96); we identified the nine-gene signature (FGFR3, GNA11, H3F3A, IL12A, IL1R1, IL2RB, NKD1, SGK2, and SPRY2) that distinctively differentiated responders from non-responders in the training cohort (accuracy = 86.9%, specificity = 84.8%, sensitivity = 81.5%) as well as in an independent validation cohort (accuracy = 81.0%, specificity = 79.4%, sensitivity = 82.3%). The signature was independent of all pathological and clinical features and was robust in predicting PCRT response. It is readily applicable to the clinical setting using FFPE samples and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved hardware and reagents. Predicting the response to PCRT may aid in tailored therapies for respective responders to PCRT and improve the oncologic outcomes for LARC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Ja Park
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Yun Suk Yu
- CbsBioscience Inc., Daejeon 34036, Korea; (Y.S.Y.); (J.Y.P.); (Y.B.S.); (G.-D.K.); (J.K.); (C.M.K.); (H.D.N.)
| | - Bilal Mustafa
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea;
| | - Jin Young Park
- CbsBioscience Inc., Daejeon 34036, Korea; (Y.S.Y.); (J.Y.P.); (Y.B.S.); (G.-D.K.); (J.K.); (C.M.K.); (H.D.N.)
| | - Yong Bae Seo
- CbsBioscience Inc., Daejeon 34036, Korea; (Y.S.Y.); (J.Y.P.); (Y.B.S.); (G.-D.K.); (J.K.); (C.M.K.); (H.D.N.)
| | - Gun-Do Kim
- CbsBioscience Inc., Daejeon 34036, Korea; (Y.S.Y.); (J.Y.P.); (Y.B.S.); (G.-D.K.); (J.K.); (C.M.K.); (H.D.N.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Jinpyo Kim
- CbsBioscience Inc., Daejeon 34036, Korea; (Y.S.Y.); (J.Y.P.); (Y.B.S.); (G.-D.K.); (J.K.); (C.M.K.); (H.D.N.)
| | - Chang Min Kim
- CbsBioscience Inc., Daejeon 34036, Korea; (Y.S.Y.); (J.Y.P.); (Y.B.S.); (G.-D.K.); (J.K.); (C.M.K.); (H.D.N.)
| | - Hyun Deok Noh
- CbsBioscience Inc., Daejeon 34036, Korea; (Y.S.Y.); (J.Y.P.); (Y.B.S.); (G.-D.K.); (J.K.); (C.M.K.); (H.D.N.)
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.W.K.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Yeon Wook Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.W.K.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Mi-Ju Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (Y.W.K.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Adnan Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea;
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Cancer Immunoregulation Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, “Fondazione Pascale”-IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Sung-Min Ahn
- Department of Genome Medicine and Science, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-M.A.); (C.-S.Y.); Tel.: +82-010-3648-7437 (S.-M.A.); +82-2-3010-3494 (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Chang-Sik Yu
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-M.A.); (C.-S.Y.); Tel.: +82-010-3648-7437 (S.-M.A.); +82-2-3010-3494 (C.-S.Y.)
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Ma L, Sun Y, Li D, Li H, Jin X, Ren D. Overexpressed ITGA2 contributes to paclitaxel resistance by ovarian cancer cells through the activation of the AKT/FoxO1 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5336-5351. [PMID: 32202508 PMCID: PMC7138566 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, with high invasiveness. The disease is a severe threat to women's health. The ITGA2 gene, which codes for integrin subunit α2, is involved in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. Although previous studies have shown that ITGA2 increases in ovarian cancer, the specific molecular mechanism of how ITGA2 promotes ovarian cancer proliferation and metastasis is still unclear. In this study, we confirmed that ITGA2 was elevated in ovarian cancer, which led to poor prognosis and survival. Overexpressed ITGA2 promoted the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. We also found that ITGA2 regulated the phosphorylation of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) by mediating AKT phosphorylation, which provided a reasonable explanation for ITGA2's role in ovarian cancer's resistance to albumin paclitaxel. In summary, ITGA2 could be used as a new therapeutic target and prognostic indicator in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, R.P. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dan Li
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hansong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, R.P. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dianyun Ren
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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35
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Machackova T, Prochazka V, Kala Z, Slaby O. Translational Potential of MicroRNAs for Preoperative Staging and Prediction of Chemoradiotherapy Response in Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101545. [PMID: 31614848 PMCID: PMC6827048 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second cause of cancer-related deaths. Rectal cancer presents roughly one-third of all colorectal cancer cases and differs from it on both anatomical and molecular levels. While standard treatment of colon cancer patients is radical surgery, rectal cancer is usually treated with pre-operative chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision, which requires precise estimation of TNM staging. Unfortunately, stage evaluation is based solely on imaging modalities, and they often do not correlate with postoperative pathological findings. Moreover, approximately half of rectal cancer patients do not respond to such pre-operative therapy, so they are exposed to its toxic effects without any clinical benefit. Thus, biomarkers that could precisely predict pre-operative TNM staging, and especially response to therapy, would significantly advance rectal cancer treatment—but till now, no such biomarker has been identified. In cancer research, microRNAs are emerging biomarkers due to their connection with carcinogenesis and exceptional stability. Circulating miRNAs are promising non-invasive biomarkers that could allow monitoring of a patient throughout the whole therapeutic process. This mini-review aims to summarize the current knowledge on miRNAs and circulating miRNAs involved in the prediction of response to treatment and pre-operative staging in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tana Machackova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, European Institute of Technology, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Department of Molecular Medicine, European Institute of Technology, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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36
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Cho E, Park IJ, Yeom SS, Hong SM, Lee JB, Kim YW, Kim MJ, Lim HM, Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim JC. A Multigene Model for Predicting Tumor Responsiveness After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019; 105:834-842. [PMID: 31419511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) is regarded as a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, there is no reliable biomarker for predicting responsiveness to PCRT. We aimed to develop a biomarker model for predicting response to PCRT. METHODS AND MATERIALS We included 184 patients who received PCRT followed by surgical resection and categorized them as good responders (complete or near-complete regression) or poor responders (all other patients). Candidate gene mRNAs were isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens and analyzed using the NanoString nCounter gene expression assay. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to select genes in discovery and training phases. A quantitative radio-responsiveness prediction model was developed and validated using internal cross-validation groups, and the model's predictive value was assessed based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS By comparing the gene expressions between good and poor responders, we created a multigene mRNA model using FZD9, HRAS, ITGA7, MECOM, MMP3, NKD1, PIK3CD, and PRKCB. This panel showed good ability to predict treatment response (AUC: 0.846 for the whole data set). Internal cross-validation was performed to evaluate the model's predictive stability among 3 cohorts, which provided AUC values of 0.808-0.909. The satisfactory diagnostic performance of the radio-response prediction index persisted regardless of other clinicopathologic features such as clinical T or N stage, interval between radiation and surgery, and pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen levels (P = .001, 95% CI, 0.686-0.905). CONCLUSIONS We developed a multigene mRNA-based biomarker model that allows prediction of rectal cancer response to PCRT, which may help identify patients who will benefit most from PCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhae Cho
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ja Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Seop Yeom
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Wook Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Ju Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Min Lim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Byung Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sik Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Cheon Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Canto LMD, Cury SS, Barros-Filho MC, Kupper BEC, Begnami MDFDS, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Carvalho RF, Marchi FA, Olsen DA, Madsen JS, Havelund BM, Aguiar S, Rogatto SR. Locally advanced rectal cancer transcriptomic-based secretome analysis reveals novel biomarkers useful to identify patients according to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy response. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8702. [PMID: 31213644 PMCID: PMC6582145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) present incomplete pathological response (pIR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Despite the efforts to predict treatment response using tumor-molecular features, as differentially expressed genes, no molecule has proved to be a strong biomarker. The tumor secretome analysis is a promising strategy for biomarkers identification, which can be assessed using transcriptomic data. We performed transcriptomic-based secretome analysis to select potentially secreted proteins using an in silico approach. The tumor expression profile of 28 LARC biopsies collected before nCRT was compared with normal rectal tissues (NT). The expression profile showed no significant differences between complete (pCR) and incomplete responders to nCRT. Genes with increased expression (pCR = 106 and pIR = 357) were used for secretome analysis based on public databases (Vesiclepedia, Human Cancer Secretome, and Plasma Proteome). Seventeen potentially secreted candidates (pCR = 1, pIR = 13 and 3 in both groups) were further investigated in two independent datasets (TCGA and GSE68204) confirming their over-expression in LARC and association with nCRT response (GSE68204). The expression of circulating amphiregulin and cMET proteins was confirmed in serum from 14 LARC patients. Future studies in liquid biopsies could confirm the utility of these proteins for personalized treatment in LARC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Matos do Canto
- International Research Center - CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, 04002-010, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, 7100, Denmark
| | - Sarah Santiloni Cury
- Department of Morphology - Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618689, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Morphology - Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618689, Brazil
| | | | - Dorte Aalund Olsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, 7100, Denmark
| | - Jonna Skov Madsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, 7100, Denmark.,Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, Vejle, 7100, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, 7100, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Mayland Havelund
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, Vejle, 7100, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Samuel Aguiar
- Department of Pelvic Surgery, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, 04002-010, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Rogatto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, 7100, Denmark. .,Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, Vejle, 7100, Denmark. .,Institute of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, 7100, Denmark.
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38
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Mitophagy in Cancer: A Tale of Adaptation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050493. [PMID: 31121959 PMCID: PMC6562743 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
:In the past years, we have learnt that tumors co-evolve with their microenvironment, and that the active interaction between cancer cells and stromal cells plays a pivotal role in cancer initiation, progression and treatment response. Among the players involved, the pathways regulating mitochondrial functions have been shown to be crucial for both cancer and stromal cells. This is perhaps not surprising, considering that mitochondria in both cancerous and non-cancerous cells are decisive for vital metabolic and bioenergetic functions and to elicit cell death. The central part played by mitochondria also implies the existence of stringent mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, where a specialized autophagy pathway (mitophagy) ensures the selective removal of damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria. Although the molecular underpinnings of mitophagy regulation in mammalian cells remain incomplete, it is becoming clear that mitophagy pathways are intricately linked to the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells to support the high bioenergetic demand of the tumor. In this review, after a brief introduction of the main mitophagy regulators operating in mammalian cells, we discuss emerging cell autonomous roles of mitochondria quality control in cancer onset and progression. We also discuss the relevance of mitophagy in the cellular crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment and in anti-cancer therapy responses.
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39
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Wang X, Ghareeb WM, Lu X, Huang Y, Huang S, Chi P. Coexpression network analysis linked H2AFJ to chemoradiation resistance in colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10351-10362. [PMID: 30565747 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) resistance is a complex phenomenon and it remains a major problem for patients with a priori resistant tumor. Therefore, there is a strong need to investigate molecular biomarkers which may guide for treatment decision-making. In our study, weighted gene coexpression network analysis was applied to identify CRT-resistance hub modules in 12 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines with different CRT sensitivities from GSE20298 data set. The green module and purple module had the highest correlations with CRT resistance. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the function of these two modules focused on interferon-mediated signaling pathway, immune response, chromatin modulation, Rho GTPases activities, and regulation of apoptotic process. Then, 15 hub genes in both the coexpression and protein-protein interaction networks were selected. Among these hub genes, higher H2A histone family member J (H2AFJ) expression was independently validated in patient cohorts from two testing data sets of GSE46862 and GSE68204 to be related to CRT resistance. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that H2AFJ could efficiently distinguish CRT-resistance cases from CRT-sensitive cases in another two testing data sets. Furthermore, meta-analysis of 12 Gene Expression Omnibus-sourced data sets showed that H2AFJ messenger RNA levels were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in normal colon tissues. High H2AFJ expression was correlated with a significant worse event- and relapse-free survival by analyzing the data from the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform. Gene set enrichment analysis determined that the mechanism of H2AFJ-mediated CRT resistance might involve the ERK5 (MAPK7), human immunodeficiency virus Nef (HIV Nef), and inflammatory pathways. This study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to implicate and verify H2AFJ as an effective new marker for CRT response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Waleed M Ghareeb
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Xingrong Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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40
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Koyama FC, Lopes Ramos CM, Ledesma F, Alves VAF, Fernandes JM, Vailati BB, São Julião GP, Habr-Gama A, Gama-Rodrigues J, Perez RO, Camargo AA. Effect of Akt activation and experimental pharmacological inhibition on responses to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer. Br J Surg 2018; 105:e192-e203. [PMID: 29341150 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is one of the preferred initial treatment strategies for locally advanced rectal cancer. Responses are variable, and most patients still require surgery. The aim of this study was to identify molecular mechanisms determining poor response to CRT. METHODS Global gene expression and pathway enrichment were assessed in pretreatment biopsies from patients with non-metastatic cT2-4 N0-2 rectal cancer within 7 cm of the anal verge. Downstream Akt activation was assessed in an independent set of pretreatment biopsies and in colorectal cancer cell lines using immunohistochemistry and western blot respectively. The radiosensitizing effects of the Akt inhibitor MK2206 were assessed using clonogenic assays and xenografts in immunodeficient mice. RESULTS A total of 350 differentially expressed genes were identified, of which 123 were upregulated and 199 downregulated in tumours from poor responders. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (P < 0·001) and phosphatidylinositol signalling pathways (P < 0·050) were identified as significantly enriched pathways among the set of differentially expressed genes. Deregulation of both pathways is known to result in Akt activation, and high immunoexpression of phosphorylated Akt S473 was observed among patients with a poor histological response (tumour regression grade 0-2) to CRT (75 per cent versus 48 per cent in those with a good or complete response; P = 0·016). Akt activation was also confirmed in the radioresistant cell line SW480, and a 50 per cent improvement in sensitivity to CRT was observed in vitro and in vivo when SW480 cells were exposed to the Akt inhibitor MK2206 in combination with radiation and 5-fluorouracil. CONCLUSION Akt activation is a key event in the response to CRT. Pharmacological inhibition of Akt activation may enhance the effects of CRT. Surgical relevance Organ preservation is an attractive alternative in rectal cancer management following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) to avoid the morbidity of radical surgery. Molecular steps associated with tumour response to CRT may provide a useful tool for the identification of patients who are candidates for no immediate surgery. In this study, tumours resistant to CRT were more likely to have activation of specific genetic pathways that result in phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) activation. Pretreatment biopsy tissues with high immunoexpression of pAkt were more likely to exhibit a poor histological response to CRT. In addition, the introduction of a pAkt inhibitor to cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo led to a significant improvement in sensitivity to CRT. Identification of pAkt-activated tumours may thus allow the identification of poor responders to CRT. In addition, the concomitant use of pAkt inhibitors to increase sensitivity to CRT in patients with rectal cancer may constitute an interesting strategy for increasing the chance of a complete response to treatment and organ preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Koyama
- Molecular Oncology Centre, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C M Lopes Ramos
- Molecular Oncology Centre, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F Ledesma
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V A F Alves
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Fernandes
- Molecular Oncology Centre, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B B Vailati
- Instituto Angelita and Joaquim Gama, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - A Habr-Gama
- Instituto Angelita and Joaquim Gama, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Gama-Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R O Perez
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Angelita and Joaquim Gama, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Digestive Surgical Oncology Division, BP - A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A A Camargo
- Molecular Oncology Centre, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, São Paulo, Brazil
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41
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Lhuillier C, Vanpouille-Box C, Galluzzi L, Formenti SC, Demaria S. Emerging biomarkers for the combination of radiotherapy and immune checkpoint blockers. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 52:125-134. [PMID: 29258856 PMCID: PMC6004231 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, multiple immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have achieved unprecedented clinical success and have been approved by regulatory agencies for the treatment of an increasing number of malignancies. However, only a limited fraction of patients responds to ICBs employed as a standalone intervention, calling for the development of combinatorial regimens. Radiation therapy (RT) stands out as a very promising candidate for this purpose. Indeed, RT mediates antineoplastic effects not only by cytotoxic and cytostatic mechanisms, but also by modulating immunological functions, both locally (within the irradiated field) and systemically. As combinatorial regimens involving RT and ICBs are being developed and clinically tested at an accelerating pace, it is paramount to identify biomarkers that reliably predict the likelihood of individual patients to respond. Here, we discuss emerging biomarkers that may potentially predict the response of cancer patients to RT plus ICBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Lhuillier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia Chiara Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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42
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Lian XY, Zhang W, Wu DH, Ma JC, Zhou JD, Zhang ZH, Wen XM, Xu ZJ, Lin J, Qian J. Methylation-independent ITGA2 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in de novo acute myeloid leukemia. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9584-9593. [PMID: 30132837 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have been indicated that integrin α2 (ITGA2) may be important in cell migration, invasion, survival, and angiogenesis. However, the correlation between ITGA2 expression and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still unclear. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was carried out to analyze ITGA2 messenger RNA level. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bisulfite sequencing PCR were performed to detect the methylation of ITGA2 promoter. ITGA2 expression was significantly upregulated in 134 de novo AML patients compared with 33 controls (p = 0.007). ITGA2high group had markedly lower complete remission (CR) rate than ITGA2low group (p = 0.011). Furthermore, the overall survival in ITGA2high patients was significantly shorter than ITGA2low patients throughout AML cohort, non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and cytogenetic normal-AML (p = 0.001, 0.002, and 0.044, respectively). Multivariate analysis confirmed that ITGA2 overexpression served as an independent prognostic factor in both whole-cohort AML patients (p = 0.018) and non-APL AML patients (p = 0.021). Besides, ITGA2 expression level was significantly decreased in AML patients after CR (p = 0.011), and was returned at the time of relapse phase (p = 0.021). Moreover, unmethylated ITGA2 promoter was identified in normal controls, leukemia cell lines, and primary leukemia cells with low or high ITGA2 expression. In conclusions, methylation-independent ITGA2 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Lian
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China
| | - De-Hong Wu
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Hematology, The Third People's Hospital of Kunshan City, Kunshan, China
| | - Ji-Chun Ma
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jing-Dong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiang-Mei Wen
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zi-Jun Xu
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City, Zhenjiang, China
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43
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Pettit C, Webb A, Walston S, Chatterjee M, Chen W, Frankel W, Croce C, Williams TM. MicroRNA molecular profiling identifies potential signaling pathways conferring resistance to chemoradiation in locally-advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28951-28964. [PMID: 29988972 PMCID: PMC6034754 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose There has been growing interest in using chemoradiation (CRT) for non-operative management of rectal cancer, and identifying patients who might benefit most from this approach is crucial. This study identified miRNAs (miRs) associated with clinical outcomes and treatment resistance by evaluating both pre- and post-CRT expression profiles. Methods Forty patients, 9 with pathologic complete response (pCR) and 31 with pathologic incomplete response (pIR) were included. MicroRNA was extracted from 40 pre-therapy tumor samples and 31 post-chemoradiation surgical samples with pathologic incomplete response (pIR). A generalized linear model was used to identify miRs associated with pCR. A linear mixed effects model was used to identify miRs differentially expressed before and after treatment. miR expression was dichotomized at the mean and clinical outcomes were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard modeling. Results Nine miRs were associated with pCR (p<0.05), but none were significant after false discovery rate correction. Among patients with pIR, 68 miRs were differentially expressed between the pre and post-CRT groups (FDR p<0.05). Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) demonstrated multiple signaling networks associated with pIR, including p38MAPK, TP53, AKT, IL-6, and RAS. Increased let-7b was correlated with increased distant metastasis (DM), worse relapse-free survival (RFS), and worse overall survival (OS) (p<0.05). Conclusions No miRs were significantly correlated with pCR. We identified miRs that were differentially expressed between pre- and post-CRT tumor samples, and these miRs implicated multiple signaling pathways that may confer resistance to CRT. In addition, we identified an association between increased let-7b and worse clinical outcomes (DM, DFS, OS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Pettit
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amy Webb
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steve Walston
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Moumita Chatterjee
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wendy Frankel
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Carlo Croce
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Terence M Williams
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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44
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Falzone L, Scola L, Zanghì A, Biondi A, Di Cataldo A, Libra M, Candido S. Integrated analysis of colorectal cancer microRNA datasets: identification of microRNAs associated with tumor development. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:1000-1014. [PMID: 29779016 PMCID: PMC5990389 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Currently, no effective early diagnostic biomarkers are available for colorectal carcinoma. Therefore, there is a need to discover new molecules able to identify pre-cancerous lesions. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with the onset of specific pathologies, thus the identification of miRNAs associated to colorectal cancer may be used to detect this pathology at early stages. On these bases, the expression levels of miRNAs were analyzed to compare the miRNAs expression levels of colorectal cancer samples and normal tissues in several miRNA datasets. This analysis revealed a group of 19 differentially expressed miRNAs. To establish the interaction between miRNAs and the most altered genes in CRC, the mirDIP gene target analysis was performed in such group of 19 differentially expressed miRNAs. To recognize miRNAs able to activate or inhibit genes and pathways involved in colorectal cancer development DIANA-mirPath prediction analysis was applied. Overall, these analyses showed that the up-regulated hsa-miR-183-5p and hsa-miR-21-5p, and the down-regulated hsa-miR-195-5p and hsa-miR-497-5p were directly related to colorectal cancer through the interaction with the Mismatch Repair pathway and Wnt, RAS, MAPK, PI3K, TGF-β and p53 signaling pathways involved in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Falzone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Letizia Scola
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Antonino Zanghì
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of General Surgery, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania, Catania 95124, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Cataldo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
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45
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Li Z, Wang K, Zhang X, Wen J. Marital status and survival in patients with rectal cancer: A population-based STROBE cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0637. [PMID: 29718875 PMCID: PMC6392664 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine the impact of marital status on overall survival (OS) and rectal cancer-specific survival (RCSS) for aged patients.We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database to identify aged patients (>65 years) with early stage rectal cancer (RC) (T1-T4, N0, M0) in the United States from 2004 to 2010. Propensity score matching was conducted to avoid potential confounding factors with ratio at 1:1. We used Kaplan-Meier to compare OS and RCSS between the married patients and the unmarried, respectively. We used cox proportion hazard regressions to obtain hazard rates for OS, and proportional subdistribution hazard model was performed to calculate hazard rates for RCSS.Totally, 5196 patients were included. The married (2598 [50%]) aged patients had better crude 5-year overall survival rate (64.2% vs 57.3%, P < .001) and higher crude 5-year cancer-specific survival rate (80% vs 75.9%, P < .001) than the unmarried (2598 (50%)), respectively. In multivariate analyses, married patients had significantly lower overall death than unmarried patients (HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.71-0.83, P < .001), while aged married patients had no cancer-specific survival benefit versus the unmarried aged patients (HR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.81-1.04, P = .17).Among old population, married patients with early stage RC had better OS than the unmarried, while current evidence showed that marital status might have no protective effect on cancer-specific survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyue Li
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing
- Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of the Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
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46
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Identification of biomarker microRNAs for predicting the response of colorectal cancer to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy based on microRNA regulatory network. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2233-2248. [PMID: 27903980 PMCID: PMC5356795 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy has become a standard procedure for treatment of patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). However, patients’ responses to treatment are different and personalized. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for predicting personalized responses. In this study, we collected 30 publicly reported miRNAs associated with chemoradiotherapy of CRC. We extracted 46 differentially expressed miRNAs from samples of responders and non-responders to preoperative radiotherapy from the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset (Student's t test, p-value < 0.05 and |fold-change| > 2). We performed a systematic and integrative bioinformatics analysis to identify biomarker miRNAs for prediction of CRC responses to chemoradiotherapy. Using the bioinformatics model, miR-198, miR-765, miR-671-5p, miR-630, miR-371-5p, miR-575, miR-202, miR-483-5p and miR-513a-5p were screened as putative biomarkers for treatment response. Literature validation and functional enrichment analysis were exploited to confirm the reliability of the predicted miRNAs. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that seven of the candidates were significantly differentially expressed between radiosensitive and insensitive CRC cell lines. The unique target genes of miR-198 and miR-765 were altered significantly upon transfection of specific miRNA mimics in the radiosensitive cell line. These results demonstrated the predictive power of our model and suggested that miR-198, miR-765, miR-630, miR-371-5p, miR-575, miR-202 and miR-513a-5p could be used for predicting the response of CRC to preoperative chemoradiotherapy.
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47
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Zhang J, Yuan Y, Wei Z, Ren J, Hou X, Yang D, Cai S, Chen C, Tan M, Chen GG, Wu K, He Y. Crosstalk between prognostic long noncoding RNAs and messenger RNAs as transcriptional hallmarks in gastric cancer. Epigenomics 2018; 10:433-443. [PMID: 29402138 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Our study investigated the significance of the crosstalk between long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in gastric cancer (GC). METHODS lncRNA and mRNA expression profiling data in 671 GC tumors and 77 nontumorous gastric tissues were retrieved from the gene expression omnibus database: GSE54129, GSE13911, GSE19826, GSE79973, GSE15459 and GSE66229. Differentially expressed analysis, RNA coexpression network construction, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted in this study. RESULTS Using differentially expressed and prognostic lncRNAs or mRNAs in GC, we constructed the lncRNA-mRNA coexpression networks. This network involved with vital GO and KEGG pathways. CONCLUSION Our study reveals coexpressed lncRNAs and mRNAs as transcriptional hallmarks in GC patients which provide interesting information regarding the incidence and outcome of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yujie Yuan
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhewei Wei
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianwei Ren
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China.,Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Xun Hou
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Dongjie Yang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Sirong Cai
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuangqi Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Min Tan
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - George Gong Chen
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China.,Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Kaiming Wu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yulong He
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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48
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D'Angelo E, Zanon C, Sensi F, Digito M, Rugge M, Fassan M, Scarpa M, Pucciarelli S, Nitti D, Agostini M. miR-194 as predictive biomarker of responsiveness to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. J Clin Pathol 2017; 71:344-350. [PMID: 28870889 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Curative surgery remains the primary form of treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Recent data support the use of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (pCRT) to improve the prognosis of LARC with a significant reduction of local relapse and an increase of overall survival. Unfortunately, only 20% of the patients with LARC present complete pathological response after pCRT, whereas in 20%-40%, the response is poor or absent. METHODS We investigated the expression level of miR-194 in n=38 patients with LARC using our public microRNA (miRNA) expression dataset. miR-194 expression was further validated by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridisation (ISH). Protein-protein interaction network and pathway enrichment analysis were performed on miR-194 targets. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Using biopsy samples collected at diagnosis, mir-194 was significantly upregulated in patients responding to treatment (p value=0.016). The data was confirmed with qRT-PCR (p value=0.0587) and ISH (p value=0.026). Protein-protein interaction network and pathway enrichment analysis reveal a possible mechanism of susceptibility to pCRT involving Wnt pathway via its downstream mediator TRAF6. Finally, we interrogated the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database database in order to identify those chemical compounds able to mimic the biological effects of miR-194 as new possible therapeutic option in LARC treatment. The present study combining miRNA expression profiling with integrative computational biology identified miR-194 as predictive biomarker of response to pCRT. Using known and predicted drug mechanism of action, we then identified possible chemical compounds for further in vitro validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo D'Angelo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Nanoinspired Biomedicine Lab, Pediatric Research Institute - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo Zanon
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Pediatric Research Institute - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Nanoinspired Biomedicine Lab, Pediatric Research Institute - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Maura Digito
- Nanoinspired Biomedicine Lab, Pediatric Research Institute - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Scarpa
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Donato Nitti
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Nanoinspired Biomedicine Lab, Pediatric Research Institute - Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
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49
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Conde-Muiño R, Cano C, Sánchez-Martín V, Herrera A, Comino A, Medina PP, Palma P, Cuadros M. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: the sensitizer role of the association between miR-375 and c-Myc. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82294-82302. [PMID: 29137264 PMCID: PMC5669890 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of chemoradiation before tumor resection has revolutionized the management of locally advanced rectal cancer, but many patients have proven resistant to this preoperative therapy. Our group recently reported a negative correlation between c-Myc gene expression and this resistance. In the present study, integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles was conducted in 45 pre-treatment rectal tumors in order to analyze the expressions of miRNAs and c-Myc and their relationship with clinicopathological factors and patient survival. Twelve miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed by responders and non-responders to the chemoradiation. Functional classification revealed an association between the differentially expressed miRNAs and c-Myc. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that miRNA-148 and miRNA-375 levels were both significantly lower in responders than in non-responders. Notably, a significant negative correlation was found between miRNA-375 expression and c-Myc expression. According to these findings, miRNA-375 and its targeted c-Myc may be useful as a predictive biomarker of the response to neoadjuvant treatment in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Conde-Muiño
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Cano
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Victoria Sánchez-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Herrera
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Comino
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro P Medina
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Palma
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Cuadros
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
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50
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Pettit C, Walston S, Wald P, Webb A, Williams TM. Molecular profiling of locally-advanced rectal adenocarcinoma using microRNA expression (Review). Int J Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28627602 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for locally-advanced rectal cancer (LARC) typically consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by total mesorectal excision. Recently, there has been growing interest in non-operative management for patients who are medically-inoperable or wish to avoid surgical morbidity and permanent colostomy. Approximately 50% of patients who receive pre-operative neoadjuvant chemoradiation develop some degree of pathologic response. Approximately 10-20% of patients are found to have a complete pathologic response, a finding which has frequently been shown to predict better clinical outcomes, including local-regional control, distant metastasis and survival. Many recent studies have evaluated the role of molecular biomarkers in predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an emerging class of biomarkers that have the potential to predict which patients are most likely to benefit from pre-operative therapy and from a selective surgical approach. Here, we review the published literature on microRNAs as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in rectal cancer after pre-operative therapy. In the future, the development of prospectively validated miRNA signatures will allow clinical implementation of miRNAs as prognostic and predictive signatures in LARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Pettit
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steve Walston
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Patrick Wald
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amy Webb
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Terence M Williams
- The Ohio State University Medical Center, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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