1
|
Lausten MA, Boman BM. A Review of IsomiRs in Colorectal Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:34. [PMID: 37368334 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As advancements in sequencing technology rapidly continue to develop, a new classification of microRNAs has occurred with the discovery of isomiRs, which are relatively common microRNAs with sequence variations compared to their established template microRNAs. This review article seeks to compile all known information about isomiRs in colorectal cancer (CRC), which has not, to our knowledge, been gathered previously to any great extent. A brief overview is given of the history of microRNAs, their implications in colon cancer, the canonical pathway of biogenesis and isomiR classification. This is followed by a comprehensive review of the literature that is available on microRNA isoforms in CRC. The information on isomiRs presented herein shows that isomiRs hold great promise for translation into new diagnostics and therapeutics in clinical medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Lausten
- Cawley Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE 19713, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Bruce M Boman
- Cawley Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE 19713, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hong M, Li X, Li Y, Zhou Y, Li Y, Chi S, Cao G, Li S, Tang S. Hirschsprung's disease: key microRNAs and target genes. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:737-747. [PMID: 34880446 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify key microRNAs (miRNAs), pathways, and target genes mediating Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) pathogenesis and identify the diagnostic potential of miRNAs. METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus database and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were used to compare miRNA expression between ganglionic and aganglionic colon tissues of children with HSCR, and the TAM 2.0 database was used to identify colon tissue-specific miRNAs. The StarBase database, TargetScan database, luciferase reporter, and western blot assays were used to analyze miRNA-messenger RNA interactions. OmicShare was used to perform functional and pathway enrichment analyses of the target genes. Migration assays were performed to validate the functions of the miRNAs. RESULTS The TAM 2.0 database analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR showed that hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, and hsa-miR-200b-3p were colon tissue-specific and upregulated in aganglionic colon tissue compared to paired ganglionic colon tissue. These three miRNAs effectively reduced cell viability and migration. Luciferase reporter and western blot assays verified the direct interaction between these three miRNAs and the target genes of ZEB2 and FNDC3B. Furthermore, the plasma levels of these miRNAs were higher in HSCR patients than in non-HSCR patients. CONCLUSIONS Three plasma miRNAs (hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, and hsa-miR-200b-3p) are potential peripheral HSCR biomarkers. IMPACT The molecular mechanisms underlying HSCR are unclear. HSCR is most accurately diagnosed using rectal biopsy samples, and no consensus has been reached on the use of blood-based tests for HSCR diagnosis. Circulating miRNAs may be candidate diagnostic HSCR biomarkers because they are typically easily detectable, stable, and tissue-specific. Three plasma miRNAs (miR-200a-3p, miR-192-5p, and miR-200b-3p) are potential peripheral HSCR biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Hong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibo Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuiqing Chi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaotao Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Matuszyk J. MALAT1-miRNAs network regulate thymidylate synthase and affect 5FU-based chemotherapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:89. [PMID: 35922756 PMCID: PMC9351108 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The active metabolite of 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), used in the treatment of several types of cancer, acts by inhibiting the thymidylate synthase encoded by the TYMS gene, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in DNA replication. The major failure of 5FU-based cancer therapy is the development of drug resistance. High levels of TYMS-encoded protein in cancerous tissues are predictive of poor response to 5FU treatment. Expression of TYMS is regulated by various mechanisms, including involving non-coding RNAs, both miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Aim To delineate the miRNAs and lncRNAs network regulating the level of TYMS-encoded protein. Main body Several miRNAs targeting TYMS mRNA have been identified in colon cancers, the levels of which can be regulated to varying degrees by lncRNAs. Due to their regulation by the MALAT1 lncRNA, these miRNAs can be divided into three groups: (1) miR-197-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-375-3p which are downregulated by MALAT1 as confirmed experimentally and the levels of these miRNAs are actually reduced in colon and gastric cancers; (2) miR-140-3p, miR-330-3p that could potentially interact with MALAT1, but not yet supported by experimental results; (3) miR-192-5p, miR-215-5p whose seed sequences do not recognize complementary response elements within MALAT1. Considering the putative MALAT1-miRNAs interaction network, attention is drawn to the potential positive feedback loop causing increased expression of MALAT1 in colon cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, where YAP1 acts as a transcriptional co-factor which, by binding to the TCF4 transcription factor/ β-catenin complex, may increase the activation of the MALAT1 gene whereas the MALAT1 lncRNA can inhibit miR-375-3p which in turn targets YAP1 mRNA. Conclusion The network of non-coding RNAs may reduce the sensitivity of cancer cells to 5FU treatment by upregulating the level of thymidylate synthase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Matuszyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang T, Wang C, Wang K, Liang Y, Liu T, Feng L, Yang X. RacGAP1 promotes the malignant progression of cervical cancer by regulating AP-1 via miR-192 and p-JNK. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:604. [PMID: 35831303 PMCID: PMC9279451 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the most frequently diagnosed genital tract cancer in females worldwide. Rac GTPase-activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) is one of the specific GTPase-activating proteins. As a novel tumor protooncogene, overexpression of RacGAP1 was related to the occurrence of various tumors, but its function in CC is still unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analyses showed that RacGAP1 might be a key candidate gene in the progression of CC. RacGAP1 was significantly overexpressed in CC tissues. High RacGAP1 expression was positively associated with poor prognosis. Downregulating RacGAP1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CC cells, while overexpressing RacGAP1 had the opposite effects. Further research showed that miR-192, which plays as a tumor suppressor in CC, was identified as a downstream target of RacGAP1 in CC cells. miR-192 inhibition could partially rescue the decrease in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion caused by RacGAP1 downregulation. In opposite, miR-192 overexpression could decrease the promotion of malignant progression caused by RacGAP1 upregulation. Mechanism studies revealed that RacGAP1 could regulate the expression and phosphorylation of c-Jun, which was the component of AP-1, via miR-192 and p-JNK separately. These findings suggested that RacGAP1 promoted tumorigenicity, migration, and invasion of CC. Therefore, it represented a potential novel prognostic marker in CC and may probably be a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingsheng Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fei Z, Wang Y, Gu Y, Xie R, Hao Q, Jiang Y. CircKIF5B Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Regulating the miR-192 Family/XIAP Axis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916246. [PMID: 35847962 PMCID: PMC9281474 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe long-term prognosis of HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) with metastasis remains extremely poor. CircRNAs are promising as critical biological markers in identifying disease mechanisms and developing new effective treatments. However, the role of the aberrant expression of circRNAs in HCC progression remains largely unknown.MethodsCircKIF5B location was investigated by RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH). For circRNA determination, RNase R treatment and Real-Time Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed. Transwell chamber assays examined the chemotactic migration and invasion of liver cancer cells.ResultsThis study identified the circRNA circKIF5B originating from exons 1, 2, and 3 of the KIF5B gene. Importantly, we found that circKIF5B circRNA, rather than KIF5B linear mRNA, was notably upregulated in liver cancer cell lines and tissues. Moreover, we found that silencing circKIF5B markedly reduced the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of liver cancer cells by sponging the miR-192 family, thus decreasing the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP).ConclusionOur data demonstrate that circKIF5B can regulate XIAP expression by sponging miR-192 and miR-215 competing for the ceRNA mechanism, indicating that circKIF5B may act as an essential upstream regulator and providing mechanistic evidence to support the view that circKIF5B/miR-192s/XIAP is a promising therapeutic target for treating liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Fei
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanfen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Yuyang Gu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Xie
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiongyu Hao
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Qiongyu Hao, ; Yiyan Jiang,
| | - Yiyan Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiongyu Hao, ; Yiyan Jiang,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Toolabi N, Daliri FS, Mokhlesi A, Talkhabi M. Identification of key regulators associated with colon cancer prognosis and pathogenesis. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:115-127. [PMID: 33770351 PMCID: PMC8688655 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is the fourth deadliest cancer in the world. New insights into prognostication might be helpful to define the optimal adjuvant treatments for patients in routine clinical practice. Here, a microarray dataset with 30 primary tumors and 30 normal samples was analyzed using GEO2R to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, DAVID, KEGG, ChEA and X2K were used to analyze DEGs-related Gene Ontology, pathways, transcription factors (TFs) and kinases, respectively. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape. The modules and hub genes of DEGs was determined through MCODE and CytoHubba plugins, and the expression of hub genes was verified using GEPIA. To find microRNAs and metabolites associated with DEGs, miRTarBase and HMDB were used, respectively. It was found that 233 and 373 genes were upregulated and downregulated in CC, respectively. GO analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were mainly involved in mitotic nuclear division and cell division. Top 10 hub genes were identified, including AURKB, CDK1, DLGAP5, AURKA, CCNB2, CCNB1, BUB1B, CCNA2, KIF20A and BUB1. Whereas, FOMX1, E2F7, E2F1, E2F4 and AR were identified as top 5 TFs in CC. Moreover, CDK1, CDC2, MAPK14, ATM and CK2ALPHA was identified as top 5 kinases in CC. miRNAs analysis showed that Hsa-miR-215-5p hsa-miR-193b-3p, hsa-miR-192-5p and hsa-miR-16-5p could target the largest number of CC genes. Taken together, CC-related genes, especially the hub genes, TFs, and metabolites might be used as novel biomarkers for CC, as well as for diagnosis and guiding therapeutic strategies for CC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Toolabi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fattane Sam Daliri
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mokhlesi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Talkhabi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Determination of molecular signatures and pathways common to brain tissues of autism spectrum disorder: Insights from comprehensive bioinformatics approach. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
8
|
Quaglio AEV, Santaella FJ, Rodrigues MAM, Sassaki LY, Di Stasi LC. MicroRNAs expression influence in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: A pilot study for the identification of diagnostic biomarkers. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:7801-7812. [PMID: 34963743 PMCID: PMC8661377 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i45.7801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises two distinct diseases, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both of which are chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with a mostly unknown etiology. The incidence and prevalence of IBD are continually increasing, indicating the need for further studies to investigate the genetic determinants of these diseases. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate protein translation via complementary binding to mRNA, discovering differentially expressed miRNAs (DE) in UC or CD patients could be important for diagnostic biomarker identification, assisting in the appropriate disease differentiation progressing the understanding of IBD pathogenesis.
AIM To determine the miRNA expression profile in UC and CD patients and the potential pathophysiological contributions of differentially expressed miRNA.
METHODS A total of 20 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colonic samples were collected from the Pathology Department of Botucatu Medical School at São Paulo State University (Unesp). The diagnosis of UC or CD was based on clinical, endoscopic, radiologic, and histological criteria and confirmed by histopathological analysis at the time of selection. The TaqMan™ Array Human MicroRNA A+B Cards Set v3.0 (Applied Biosystems™) platform was used to analyze 754 miRNAs. Targets of DE-miRNAs were predicted using miRNA Data Integration Portal (mirDIP) and the miRNA Target Interaction database (MiRTarBase). All statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism software. Parametric and nonparametric data were analyzed using t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests, respectively.
RESULTS The results showed that of the 754 miRNAs that were initially evaluated, 643 miRNAs were found to be expressed in at least five of the patients who were diagnosed with either CD or UC; the remaining 111 miRNAs were not considered to be expressed in these patients. The expression levels of 28 miRNAs were significantly different between the CD and UC patients (P ≤ 0.05); 13 miRNAs demonstrated a fold-change in expression level greater than 1. Five miRNAs with a downregulated expression were selected for enrichment analysis. The miRNAs whose expression levels were significantly lower in UC patients than in CD patients were enriched in certain signaling pathways that were mostly correlated with cancer-related processes and respective biomarkers.
CONCLUSION MiRNAs could be used to differentiate UC from CD, and differently expressed miRNAs could help explain the distinct pathophysiology of each disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elisa Valencise Quaglio
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTec), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Jose Santaella
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ligia Yukie Sassaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTec), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou LY, Lin SN, Rieder F, Chen MH, Zhang SH, Mao R. Noncoding RNAs as Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Intestinal Fibrosis of Crohn's Disease: The Path From Bench to Bedside. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:971-982. [PMID: 33324986 PMCID: PMC8344842 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a major pathway to organ injury and failure, accounting for more than one-third of deaths worldwide. Intestinal fibrosis causes irreversible and serious clinical complications, such as strictures and obstruction, secondary to a complex pathogenesis. Under the stimulation of profibrotic soluble factors, excessive activation of mesenchymal cells causes extracellular matrix deposition via canonical transforming growth factor-β/Smads signaling or other pathways (eg, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition) in intestinal fibrogenesis. In recent studies, the importance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) stands out in fibrotic diseases in that ncRNAs exhibit a remarkable variety of biological functions in modulating the aforementioned fibrogenic responses. In this review, we summarize the role of ncRNAs, including the emerging long ncRNAs and circular RNAs, in intestinal fibrogenesis. Notably, the translational potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of intestinal fibrosis is discussed based on clinical trials from fibrotic diseases in other organs. The main points of this review include the following: • Characteristics of ncRNAs and mechanisms of intestinal fibrogenesis • Wide participation of ncRNAs (especially the emerging long ncRNAs and circular RNAs) in intestinal fibrosis, including transforming growth factor-β signaling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition/endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix remodeling • Translational potential of ncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal fibrosis based on clinical trials from fibrotic diseases in other organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Nan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Min-Hu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu WS, Ke F, Xu Y, Zheng Y. Radix Actinidiae extract affects proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells by regulating miR-192-5p/ARPP19. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:398-406. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i8.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radix Actinidiae extract (RAE) can inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer, lung cancer, and other tumor cells, and has appreciated anti-tumor effects, but it is unknown whether it affects the malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer cells. The expression of miR-192-5p is reduced in colorectal cancer tissues, and its low expression is related to clinicopathological characteristics such as tumor size. Thus, it can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. StarBase bioinformatics software predicts that cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 19 (ARPP19) may be a target gene of miR-192-5p. This study hypothesized that RAE can affect the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells by regulating the miR-192-5p/ARPP19 axis.
AIM To investigate the effects and mechanism of RAE on proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer SW480 cells.
METHODS After SW480 cells were treated with RAE, cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the protein expression levels of Cyclin D1, cleaved Caspase-3, and ARPP19 were detected by Western blot. The expression of miR-192-5p and ARPP19 mRNA in cells was detected by RT-qPCR. miR-192-5p mimic or ARPP19 small interfering RNA was transfected into SW480 cells, and then the above methods were used to observe the effects of over-expressing miR-192-5p or inhibiting ARPP19 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the protein expression of CyclinD1 and cleaved Caspase-3 in SW480 cells. The regulatory relationship between miR-192-5p and ARPP19 was verified by the dual luciferase reporter gene assay.
RESULTS RAE decreased the survival rate of SW480 cells and the expression of ARPP19 mRNA and protein (P < 0.05), but increased the apoptosis rate of SW480 cells and the expression of cleaved Caspase-3 protein and miR-192-5p (P < 0.05). Over-expressing miR-192-5p or inhibiting ARPP19 expression could decrease the survival rate of SW480 cells and the expression of CyclinD1 protein (P < 0.05), but increase the apoptosis rate of SW480 cells and the expression of cleaved Caspase-3 protein (P < 0.05). miR-192-5p negatively regulated the expression of ARPP19 in SW480 cells. Inhibiting miR-192-5p reversed the effects of RAE on proliferation, apoptosis, and the protein expression of CyclinD1 and cleaved Caspase-3 in SW480 cells. Inhibiting ARPP19 reversed the effects of inhibiting miR-192-5p on proliferation, apoptosis, and the protein expression of CyclinD1 and cleaved Caspase-3 of SW480 cells treated with RAE.
CONCLUSION RAE inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer SW480 cells and promotes apoptosis, and its mechanism of action is related to the regulation of the miR-192-5p/ARPP19 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Su Xu
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fei Ke
- Department of Pathology, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Sterilization Supplying Center, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Sterilization Supplying Center, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Silencing lncRNA DUXAP8 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression by targeting miR-26b-5p. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227120. [PMID: 33269379 PMCID: PMC7791543 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a common type of lung cancer, has become a popularly aggressive cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of human cancers, while the function of double homeobox A pseudogene 8 (DUXAP8) in LUAD remains to be fully inquired. Therefore, our study was conducted to elucidate the DUXAP8 expression in LUAD and its mechanism on the biological features of LUAD cells. Loss-of-function experiments were performed to assess the function of DUXAP8 proliferation and apoptosis of H1975 and A549 cells. Functionally, silencing DUXAP8 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of LUAD cells. Mechanistically, further correlation assay indicated a negative association between miR-26b-5p and DUXAP8 expression. Subsequently, we testified that DUXAP8 exerted its role in the progression and development of LUAD through targeting miR-26b-5p. In summary, our results elucidated that that DUXAP8 promoted tumor progression in LUAD by targeting miR-26b-5p, which provide a novel therapeutic target for diagnosis and therapy of LUAD.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zuo Y, Chen S, Yan L, Hu L, Bowler S, Zitello E, Huang G, Deng Y. Development of a tRNA-derived small RNA diagnostic and prognostic signature in liver cancer. Genes Dis 2021; 9:393-400. [PMID: 35224155 PMCID: PMC8843861 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
13
|
Mirzakhani M, Khalili A, Shahbazi M, Abediankenari S, Ebrahimpour S, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M. Under-expression of microRNA-146a and 21 and their association with Crohn's disease. Indian J Gastroenterol 2020; 39:405-410. [PMID: 32949355 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-020-01059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and are involved in the immune response. Excessive immune response to the gut microbiota plays a major role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). Regarding the role of miRNAs in immune response, this study aimed to investigate the contribution of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CD. A total of 53 participants, including 23 CD patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. miRNAs, including miR-21, miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-31, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-181a, and miR-181c were evaluated via TaqMan MicroRNA Assays. Among the eight miRNAs, the amounts of miR-146a and miR-21 were significantly decreased in the CD patients relative to HC subjects. Moreover, we showed that there was a negative correlation between miR-146a and Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI), as well as a positive correlation of miR-21 and miR-29b with HBI. Under-expression of miR-146a and miR-21, which are critical for the regulatory function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), is remarkably associated with CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirzakhani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, IR, Iran.,Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, IR, Iran
| | - Ali Khalili
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IR, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shahbazi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, IR, Iran.,Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, IR, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IR, Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mousa Mohammadnia-Afrouzi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, IR, Iran. .,Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, IR, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ganjafrooz Street, Babol, IR, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mishan MA, Tabari MAK, Parnian J, Fallahi J, Mahrooz A, Bagheri A. Functional mechanisms of miR-192 family in cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2020; 59:722-735. [PMID: 32706406 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
By growing research on the mechanisms and functions of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), the role of these noncoding RNAs gained more attention in healthcare. Due to the remarkable regulatory role of miRNAs, any dysregulation in their expression causes cellular functional impairment. In recent years, it has become increasingly apparent that these small molecules contribute to development, cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and tumor growth. In many studies, the miR-192 family has been suggested as a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker and even as a possible therapeutic target for several cancers. However, the mechanistic effects of the miR-192 family on cancer cells are still controversial. Here, we have reviewed each family member of the miR-192 including miR-192, miR-194, and miR-215, and discussed their mechanistic roles in various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amir Mishan
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- USERN Office, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Javad Parnian
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Fallahi
- Molecular Medicine Department, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Mahrooz
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao K, Ye Z, Li Y, Li C, Yang X, Chen Q, Xing C. LncRNA FTX Contributes to the Progression of Colorectal Cancer Through Regulating miR-192-5p/EIF5A2 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2677-2688. [PMID: 32280242 PMCID: PMC7127817 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s241011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RAN five prime to Xist (LncRNA FTX) has been revealed to be a cancer-related lncRNA and implicated in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Besides, miR-192-5p (miR-192) or eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) also was identified to link with the tumorigenesis of CRC. Here, we further explored the function of FTX and the regulatory relationship among FTX, miR-192 and EIF5A2 in CRC progression. Methods Levels of FTX, miR-192-5p and EIF5A2 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or Western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry or transwell assay, respectively. The interaction between miR-192-5p and FTX or EIF5A2 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter and pull-down assay. Murine xenograft model was established using LoVo cells transfected with sh-FTX. Results FTX was up-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, knockdown of FTX inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro as well as suppressed CRC tumor growth in vivo. FTX was confirmed to directly bind to miR-192-5p and negatively regulated miR-192-5p expression in CRC cells. Besides that overexpressed FTX positively modulated EIF5A2, a direct target of miR-192-5p, via miR-192-5p in CRC cells. Importantly, the inhibitory activities on CRC progression mediated by FTX deletion were reversed miR-192-5p down-regulation or EIF5A2 up-regulation. Conclusion LncRNA FTX functioned as an oncogene to contribute to CRC progression by regulating miR-192-5p/EIF5A2 axis, providing a novel insight into the pathogenesis of CRC and a promising therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yecheng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chungen Xing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|