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Jing B, Chen ZN, Si WM, Zhao JJ, Zhao GP, Zhang D. (+)-Catechin Alleviates CCI-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats by Modulating the IL34/CSFIR Axis and Attenuating the Schwann Cell-Macrophage Cascade Response in the DRG. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5027-5041. [PMID: 38159197 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic applications of (+)-catechin in the treatment of neuropathic pain. In vivo study, 32 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, chronic constriction injury (CCI) group, CCI + ibuprofen group and CCI+ (+)-catechin group. They were subjected to behavioural tests, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The mechanisms involved were investigated using specific inhibitors in cell experiments. Results of in vivo experiments showed that (+)-catechin could reduce the cold sensitivity pain in a rat model of CCI; ELISA and immunohistochemistry results showed that (+)-catechin could decrease the levels of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2 and CCL5 in serum and the expression levels of nNOS, COX2, IL6, TNF-α, IBA-1 and CSF1R in DRG of CCI rats. Finally, western blot confirmed that (+)-catechin could diminish the levels of IL-34/CSF1R/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in DRG of CCI rats. In vitro studies showed that (+)-catechin reduced IL-34 secretion in LPS-induced RSC96 cells. Meanwhile, (+)-catechin administration in LPS-induced Schwann cell-conditioned medium (L-CM) significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of RAW264.7 cells; in addition, L-CM+(+)-catechin reduced the activation of the CSF1R/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. (+)-Catechin attenuated the Schwann cell-macrophage cascade response in the DRG by modulating the IL34/CSFIR axis and inhibiting activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, thereby attenuating CCI-induced neuropathic pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jing
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai-Mei Si
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ji Zhao
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Karahan D, Bolayir HA, Bolayir A, Demir B, Otlu Ö, Erdem M. Can serum interleukin 34 levels be used as an indicator for the prediction and prognosis of COVID-19? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302002. [PMID: 38626032 PMCID: PMC11020891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is a molecule whose expression is increased in conditions such as autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and infections. Our study aims to determine the role of IL-34 in the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19). METHOD A total of 80 cases were included in the study as 40 COVID-19 positive patient groups and 40 COVID-19 negative control groups. The COVID-19-positive group consisted of 20 intensive-care unit (ICU) patients and 20 outpatients. Serum IL-34, c-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, D-dimer, troponin I, hemogram, and biochemical parameters of the cases were studied and compared between groups. RESULTS IL-34 levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19-positive group than in the negative group. IL-34 levels increased in correlation with CRP in predicting the diagnosis of COVID-19. IL-34 levels higher than 31.75 pg/m predicted a diagnosis of COVID-19. IL-34 levels did not differ between the outpatient and ICU groups in COVID-19-positive patients. IL-34 levels were also not different between those with and without lung involvement. CONCLUSION While IL-34 levels increased in COVID-19-positive patients and were successful in predicting the diagnosis of COVID-19, it was not found to be significant in determining lung involvement, risk of intensive care hospitalization, and prognosis. The role of IL-34 in COVID-19 deserves further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doğu Karahan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Malatya Turgut Özal University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Ata Bolayir
- Department of Cardiology, Malatya Turgut Özal University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Aslı Bolayir
- Department of Neurology, Malatya Turgut Özal University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Bilgehan Demir
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Malatya Turgut Özal University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Önder Otlu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Malatya Turgut Özal University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erdem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Malatya Turgut Özal University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
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Rieder F, Mukherjee PK, Massey WJ, Wang Y, Fiocchi C. Fibrosis in IBD: from pathogenesis to therapeutic targets. Gut 2024; 73:854-866. [PMID: 38233198 PMCID: PMC10997492 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal fibrosis resulting in stricture formation and obstruction in Crohn's disease (CD) and increased wall stiffness leading to symptoms in ulcerative colitis (UC) is among the largest unmet needs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fibrosis is caused by a multifactorial and complex process involving immune and non-immune cells, their soluble mediators and exposure to luminal contents, such as microbiota and environmental factors. To date, no antifibrotic therapy is available. Some progress has been made in creating consensus definitions and measurements to quantify stricture morphology for clinical practice and trials, but approaches to determine the degree of fibrosis within a stricture are still lacking. OBJECTIVE We herein describe the current state of stricture pathogenesis, measuring tools and clinical trial endpoints development. DESIGN Data presented and discussed in this review derive from the past and recent literature and the authors' own research and experience. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Significant progress has been made in better understanding the pathogenesis of fibrosis, but additional studies and preclinical developments are needed to define specific therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rieder
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pranab K Mukherjee
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - William J Massey
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Zhang L, Wang W, Chen T, Cui J, Li X, Liu A, Liu R, Fang L, Jiang J, Yang L, Wu D, Ying S. SAMHD1 dysfunction induces IL-34 expression via NF-κB p65 in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Mol Immunol 2024; 168:1-9. [PMID: 38367301 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Dysfunctional mutations in SAMHD1 cause Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome, an autoinflammatory encephalopathy with elevated interferon-α levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Whether loss of function mutations in SAMHD1 trigger the expression of other cytokines apart from type I interferons in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome is largely unclear. This study aimed to explore whether SAMHD1 dysfunction regulated the expression of IL-34, a key cytokine controlling the development and maintenance of microglia, in SH-SY5Y neural cells. We found that downregulation of SAMHD1 in SH-SY5Y cells resulted in the upregulation of IL-34 expression. The protein and mRNA levels of NF-κB p65, the transactivating subunit of a transcription factor NF-κB, were also upregulated in SAMHD1-knockdown SH-SY5Y cells. It was further found SAMHD1 knockdown in SH-SY5Y cells induced an upregulation of IL-34 expression through the canonical NF-κB-dependent pathway in which NF-κB p65, IKKα/β and the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα were phosphorylated. Moreover, knockdown of SAMHD1 in SH-SY5Y cells led to the translocation of NF-κB p65 into the nucleus and promoted NF-κB transcriptional activity. In conclusion, we found SAMHD1 dysfunction induced IL-34 expression via NF-κB p65 in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. This finding could lay the foundation for exploring the role of IL-34-targeting microglia in the pathogenesis of Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Jiuhao Cui
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Anran Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Rumeng Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Liwei Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Junhong Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - De Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Songcheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China.
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5
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Lin M, Liu X, Zhang X, Wang H, Fang Y, Wu X, Yin A, Yang W, Zhang D, Li M, Zhang L, Ying S. Sp1 Controls the Basal Level of Interleukin-34 Transcription. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:224-240. [PMID: 36562687 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2157283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a cytokine that plays important roles at steady state and in diseases. The induced or inhibited expression of IL-34 by stimuli has been deeply investigated. However, the regulation of IL-34 basal expression is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate whether IL-34 expression is regulated by a general transcription factor Specificity Protein 1 (Sp1) at transcription level. By using bioinformatic software, four putative Sp1-binding sites overlapping GC boxes were found in the core promoter region of IL-34. Alignment of the core promoter sequences of mammalian IL-34 showed GC box-C (-62/-57) and D (-11/-6) were conserved in some mammals. Luciferase assay results showed that only deletion of GC box-C (-62/-57) significantly reduced luciferase activities of IL-34 core promoter in SH-SY5Y cells. By using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), it was found that Sp1 specifically interacted with GC box-C sequence CCCGCC (-62/-57) in the core promoter of IL-34. By using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), it was discovered that Sp1 bound to the core promoter of IL-34 in living cells. In addition, silencing of Sp1 expression by its specific siRNA reduced IL-34 mRNA and protein levels significantly in SH-SY5Y cells. Likewise, IL-34 expression was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by a Sp1 inhibitor Plicamycin. Furthermore, silencing of Sp1 also downregulated mRNA and protein expression of IL-34 in GES-1 and 293T cell lines, suggesting that IL-34 transcription regulated by Sp1 was not cell-type specific. Taken together, these results indicate that Sp1 controls the basal level of IL-34 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggui Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Yin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Songcheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
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Liu ZX, Chen WJ, Wang Y, Chen BQ, Liu YC, Cheng TC, Luo LL, Chen L, Ju LL, Liu Y, Li M, Feng N, Shao JG, Bian ZL. Interleukin-34 deficiency aggravates development of colitis and colitis-associated cancer in mice. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6752-6768. [PMID: 36620338 PMCID: PMC9813936 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i47.6752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although expression of interleukin (IL)-34 is upregulated in active ulcerative colitis (UC), the molecular function and underlying mechanism are largely unclear.
AIM To investigate the function of IL-34 in acute colitis, in a wound healing model and in colitis-associated cancer in IL-34-deficient mice.
METHODS Colitis was induced by administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and carcinogenesis was induced by azoxymethane (AOM). Whether the impact of IL-34 on colitis was dependent on macrophages was validated by depletion of macrophages in a murine model. The association between IL-34 expression and epithelial proliferation was studied in patients with active UC.
RESULTS IL-34 deficiency aggravated murine colitis in acute colitis and in wound healing phase. The effect of IL-34 on experimental colitis was not dependent on macrophage differentiation and polarization. IL-34-deficient mice developed more tumors than wild-type mice following administration of AOM and DSS. No significant difference was shown in degree of cellular differentiation in tumors between wild-type and IL-34-deficient mice. IL-34 was dramatically increased in the active UC patients as previously reported. More importantly, expression of IL-34 was positively correlated with epithelial cell proliferation in patients with UC.
CONCLUSION IL-34 deficiency exacerbates colonic inflammation and accelerates colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice. It might be served as a potential therapeutic target in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xiu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Jie Chen
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bing-Qian Chen
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi-Cun Liu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tiao-Chun Cheng
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei-Lei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Nantong Institute of Liver Diseases, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin-Ling Ju
- Nantong Institute of Liver Diseases, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nan Feng
- Division of Emergency, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jian-Guo Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhao-Lian Bian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
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7
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Huang X, Li F, Yang T, Li H, Liu T, Wang Y, Xu M, Yan L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Fu L, Geng D. Increased serum interleukin-34 levels as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with acute ischemic stroke. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 358:577652. [PMID: 34217885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data reveal that interleukin-34 (IL-34) can drive inflammatory response, thereby participating in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, the potential effect of IL-34 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore whether the levels of serum IL-34 were correlated with clinical severity or prognosis in AIS patients. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, serum IL-34 levels were detected in 150 healthy controls and 155 AIS patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to investigate the effect of IL-34 on the diagnosis and prognosis of AIS. ROC curve was utilized to evaluate predictive values for IL-34. RESULTS Serum IL-34 levels at admission were significantly higher in AIS patients than those in the healthy controls. Univariate and multivariate logistics regression analysis showed that IL-34 was an independent predictor of occurrence and functional outcome of AIS. The ROC curve demonstrated that IL-34 had a good predictive effect on the diagnosis and prognosis of AIS. CONCLUSIONS IL-34 can be used as a novel and independent diagnostic and predicting prognostic biomarker in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengzhan Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minmin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lisha Yan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Fu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Lab of Infection and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deqin Geng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan Distric, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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8
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Wang J, Lin S, Brown JM, van Wagoner D, Fiocchi C, Rieder F. Novel mechanisms and clinical trial endpoints in intestinal fibrosis. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:211-227. [PMID: 33993489 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) worldwide has resulted in a global public health challenge. Intestinal fibrosis leading to stricture formation and bowel obstruction is a frequent complication in Crohn's disease (CD), and the lack of anti-fibrotic therapies makes elucidation of fibrosis mechanisms a priority. Progress has shown that mesenchymal cells, cytokines, microbial products, and mesenteric adipocytes are jointly implicated in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis. This recent information puts prevention or reversal of intestinal strictures within reach through innovative therapies validated by reliable clinical trial endpoints. Here, we review the role of immune and non-immune components of the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis, including new cell clusters, cytokine networks, host-microbiome interactions, creeping fat, and their translation for endpoint development in anti-fibrotic clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sinan Lin
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jonathan Mark Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David van Wagoner
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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9
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Muñoz-Garcia J, Cochonneau D, Télétchéa S, Moranton E, Lanoe D, Brion R, Lézot F, Heymann MF, Heymann D. The twin cytokines interleukin-34 and CSF-1: masterful conductors of macrophage homeostasis. Theranostics 2021; 11:1568-1593. [PMID: 33408768 PMCID: PMC7778581 DOI: 10.7150/thno.50683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are specialized cells that control tissue homeostasis. They include non-resident and tissue-resident macrophage populations which are characterized by the expression of particular cell surface markers and the secretion of molecules with a wide range of biological functions. The differentiation and polarization of macrophages relies on specific growth factors and their receptors. Macrophage-colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) and interleukine-34 (IL-34), also known as "twin" cytokines, are part of this regluatory landscape. CSF-1 and IL-34 share a common receptor, the macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor (CSF-1R), which is activated in a similar way by both factors and turns on identical signaling pathways. However, there is some discrete differential activation leading to specific activities. In this review, we disscuss recent progress in understanding of the role of the twin cytokines in macrophage differentiation, from their interaction with CSF-1R and the activation of signaling pathways, to their implication in macrophage polarization of non-resident and tissue-resident macrophages. A special focus on IL-34, its involvement in pathophsyiological contexts, and its potential as a theranostic target for macrophage therapy will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Muñoz-Garcia
- Université de Nantes, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, F-44805, France
- SATT Ouest Valorisation, Nantes, France
| | - Denis Cochonneau
- Université de Nantes, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, F-44805, France
| | | | - Emilie Moranton
- Université de Nantes, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, F-44805, France
| | - Didier Lanoe
- Université de Nantes, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, F-44805, France
| | - Régis Brion
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, U1238, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Dominique Heymann
- Université de Nantes, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, F-44805, France
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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10
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Trus E, Basta S, Gee K. Who's in charge here? Macrophage colony stimulating factor and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor: Competing factors in macrophage polarization. Cytokine 2019; 127:154939. [PMID: 31786501 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages make up a crucial aspect of the immune system, carrying out a variety of functions ranging from clearing cellular debris to their well-recognized roles as innate immune cells. These cells exist along a spectrum of phenotypes but can be generally divided into proinflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) groups, representing different states of polarization. Due to their diverse functions, macrophages are implicated in a variety of diseases such as atherosclerosis, lupus nephritis, or infection with HIV. Throughout their lifetime, macrophages can be influenced by a wide variety of signals that influence their polarization states, which can affect their function and influence their effects on disease progression. This review seeks to provide a summary of how GM-CSF and M-CSF influence macrophage activity during disease, and provide examples of in vitro research that indicate competition between the two cytokines in governing macrophage polarization. Gaining a greater understanding of the relationship between GM-CSF and M-CSF, along with how these cytokines fit into the larger context of diseases, will inform their use as treatments or targets for treatment in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Trus
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Sameh Basta
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Katrina Gee
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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